CN115020904B - Modularized underwater vehicle battery pack and management system thereof - Google Patents
Modularized underwater vehicle battery pack and management system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115020904B CN115020904B CN202210801017.1A CN202210801017A CN115020904B CN 115020904 B CN115020904 B CN 115020904B CN 202210801017 A CN202210801017 A CN 202210801017A CN 115020904 B CN115020904 B CN 115020904B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater vehicles and batteries, and provides a modularized underwater vehicle battery pack and a management system thereof. The battery pack comprises a battery frame, a power battery, an instrument battery and a management system. The battery pack adopts the design of modularization, mutual isolation of different power supply systems, multi-dimensional safety, good thermal bridge and the like, and has good safety, interchangeability, combinability, expandability, stronger impact resistance, electromagnetic shielding capability and anti-interference capability. The battery pack ensures the mass center downward movement amount of the stability of the aircraft through the asymmetric arrangement of the single batteries, and overcomes the unbalanced moment of the propulsion device of the aircraft. In addition, the management system of the battery pack has the functions of preventing over-discharge of the battery units, preventing reverse charging among the branches and preventing external short circuit of the branches, and has the functions of detecting the gas leakage of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack in real time and alarming when the gas concentration or the temperature of the battery pack exceeds a set threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater vehicles and batteries, in particular to a modularized underwater vehicle battery pack, a management system thereof and application of the battery pack in underwater vehicle manufacturing and battery manufacturing industries.
Background
With the use of a large number of underwater intelligent aircrafts such as underwater equipment, UUV and underwater robots in China, the underwater aircrafts usually adopt primary battery packs as energy sources, and the primary batteries have the advantages of maintenance-free property, high specific energy, high voltage platform, long storage life and the like, and are becoming the main energy supply of the underwater aircrafts. However, the underwater vehicle has more severe requirements on the safety, impact resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance and other capabilities of the battery pack, and therefore, the design of the safety, the grouping technology, the design of a thermal bridge, a power supply system, safety management, detection and alarm aiming at the battery pack becomes a research hotspot at present.
However, the existing batteries for underwater vehicles and their management systems still have many disadvantages, mainly represented by the following aspects:
(1) The battery pack of the existing underwater vehicle mostly does not adopt a modularization technology, the navigation speed and range expansion capability of the vehicle is poor, the task load range is limited, and the interchangeability is not strong; meanwhile, the redundancy of the primary battery pack of the existing underwater vehicle is poor, the branch of the battery pack does not have the capability of continuously and normally working when any single battery fails or is open-circuited, and the battery pack does not have the capability of continuously and normally working when any branch fails or is open-circuited.
(2) The power supply system, most of the existing battery packs adopt a mixed power supply system of instruments, power, high voltage and low voltage. However, the power supply mode of the meter, the negative level of the power, the high voltage and the low voltage, and the positive level tap may cause the electricity utilization imbalance of the single batteries of the battery pack, and the phenomena of reverse charging or over discharging between the single batteries or between branches may cause safety accidents such as battery burning and explosion.
(3) In the thermal technology, the existing battery pack does not fully and comprehensively utilize radiation, convection and conduction heat dissipation ways of heat, good thermal bridge design is not realized, heat concentration and even thermal runaway of the battery pack are easily caused, and the battery pack has great potential safety hazards.
(4) Safety protection, the existing battery pack management system cannot monitor and diagnose the health state of each single battery. Because of the small characteristic difference between the single batteries caused by factors such as production, manufacturing or materials, the current battery pack management system has no related protection circuit and does not have the function of preventing the over-discharge of a certain battery (or branch circuit); in addition, the current battery pack management system does not have the function of preventing the occurrence of the reverse polarity between the branches formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series and the function of protecting the branches under the condition of short circuit of the main circuit.
(5) The existing battery pack management system does not have the function of positioning the battery pack fault; the device does not have the functions of detecting the gas leakage of the battery pack and the temperature of the battery pack in real time and alarming when the gas concentration or the temperature of the battery pack exceeds a set threshold value.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical purpose
In order to overcome the defects of the primary battery pack of the existing underwater vehicle and the management system thereof, the invention provides the battery pack of the modularized underwater vehicle and the management system thereof, and the battery pack and the management system thereof adopt a modularized grouping mode and have good interchangeability, combinability and expandability; the multi-dimensional safety design and the thermal bridge design are adopted, so that the battery pack has excellent storage and working safety; the design of mutual isolation of different power supply systems is adopted, so that the power utilization balance, the electromagnetic shielding capability and the anti-electromagnetic interference capability are stronger; the battery asymmetric arrangement and optimized installation structure is adopted, so that the shock resistance is strong, and the contribution rate to the stability and roll control of the aircraft is high; the management system has the functions of monitoring and diagnosing the health state of the battery pack, and has the functions of preventing over-discharge of the single battery, preventing reverse charging of branches, preventing short circuit of a loop, leaking gas and detecting and alarming temperature in real time; the application requirements of the field of underwater vehicles and robots on the primary battery pack can be well met.
(2) Technical scheme
The invention relates to a modular underwater vehicle battery pack, comprising: the system comprises a battery frame 1, a power battery 2, an instrument battery 3 and a management system 4; wherein:
the battery frame 1 is a basic structure body of the battery pack, is a main bearing part, an anti-impact bearing part and a main heat conduction conductor of the battery pack, and provides an installation interface of the battery pack and an aircraft;
a power battery module 21 of a power battery 2 is arranged in battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 and is fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 through mounting screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2 and the power supporting plate 2-3; the installation step surfaces of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2 and the power supporting plate 2-3 of the power battery module 21 are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the force of the power battery module 21 in the vertical direction; the side surfaces of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2 and the power supporting plate 2-3 of the power battery module 21 are contacted with the side surfaces of the battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the force of the power battery module 21 in the horizontal direction; the power battery modules 21 are connected through cables;
the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 of the instrument battery 3 are respectively positioned at the front and the rear parts of the battery pack, are all arranged in the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 through installation screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of the instrument I front clamping plate 31-1, the instrument I rear clamping plate 31-2, the instrument I support plate 31-3, the instrument II front clamping plate 32-1 and the instrument II rear clamping plate 32-2; the installation step surfaces of the instrument I front clamping plate 31-1, the instrument I rear clamping plate 31-2, the instrument I support plate 31-3, the instrument II front clamping plate 32-1 and the instrument II rear clamping plate 32-2 of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the vertical force of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32; the instrument I front clamping plate 31-1, the instrument I rear clamping plate 31-2, the instrument I support plate 31-3, the instrument II front clamping plate 32-1 and the instrument II rear clamping plate 32-2 of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are in contact with the battery module mounting groove side surfaces of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, and bear the horizontal force of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32; the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are isolated from each other;
the protection module 41 of the management system 4 realizes the functions of preventing over-discharge of the battery unit, preventing reverse charging among the branches and preventing external short circuit of the branches; the protection module 41 consists of a power protection unit 41-1, a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 and a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3; the power protection unit 41-1 is arranged at the upper part of the power battery module 21, the high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 is arranged at the upper part of the high-voltage battery module 31, the low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 is arranged at the upper part of the low-voltage battery module 32, and each protection unit carries out safety protection on the correspondingly arranged battery module;
the alarm module 42 of the management system 4 realizes the real-time detection function of the gas leaked from the battery pack and the alarm function when the gas concentration exceeds a set threshold, realizes the real-time detection function of the temperature of the battery pack and the alarm function when the temperature exceeds the set threshold, and realizes the independent power supply function of the alarm module 42; the alarm module 42 consists of an alarm unit 42-1 and a battery pack 42-2; the alarm unit 42-1 is mounted on the upper portion of the low-voltage battery module 32, the battery pack 42-2 is mounted on the upper portion of the upper protective cover 1-5, and the alarm unit 42-1 and the battery pack 42-2 are detachable components, so that the battery pack can be conveniently inspected, overhauled and replaced outside the battery pack.
Further, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the power battery 2 in the battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle of the present invention is composed of a plurality of identical power battery modules 21, and the power battery modules 21 are connected by cables; wherein:
the power battery 2 independently supplies power to a power system of the aircraft, and the grouping mode of the power battery 2 is as follows: firstly, a power single battery 22-1 is connected with a power bypass diode 4-3 in parallel to form a power battery unit 22, the power bypass diode 4-3 plays a role of preventing the power single battery 22-1 from being over-discharged, then N power battery units 22 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a battery pack main loop;
the number N of power cells 22 is determined by equation (a), and the number N of branches is determined by equation (b):
(a)n＝V z /V d ；
wherein: v z Rated required voltage (V) for power system of aircraft and rated electricity for propulsion motorSpeed matching of piezo and aircraft, V d Is the rated working voltage (V) of the power single battery 22-1;
(b)N≥A z /A d ；
wherein: a. The z Rated demand capacity (Ah) for the aircraft power system, matching the aircraft range, A d The rated capacity (Ah) of the power unit cell 22-1.
Further, according to some embodiments of the present invention, in the battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle, a power short-circuit prevention fuse 4-1 and a power reverse charging prevention diode 4-2 are sequentially connected in series to the anode of each branch, when an external short circuit occurs in a main power loop due to misoperation or the like or a branch current exceeds a design threshold, the power short-circuit prevention fuse 4-1 is fused and protects the branch from strong current impact, and the power reverse charging prevention diode 4-2 functions as: because the electrical properties of the branches are different, the voltages of the branches are inconsistent, and the power anti-reverse charging diode 4-2 plays a role in preventing the branches from being charged mutually and avoiding the charging of an external power supply; meanwhile, the battery pack loop has the advantages that the battery pack branch can work normally when any single battery is disabled or opened, and the battery pack can work normally when any branch is disabled or opened.
Further, according to some embodiments of the invention, the battery holder 1 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: the guide rail comprises a left guide rail 1-1, a right guide rail 1-2, a front beam 1-3, a rear beam 1-4, an upper protective cover 1-5 and a lower protective cover 1-6, wherein:
the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 are installed in parallel, the front end and the rear end are fixedly connected with the front cross beam 1-3 and the rear cross beam 1-4 respectively to form a rectangular frame together, the rectangular frame becomes a basic structure body, a main bearing part and a main heat conduction conductor of the battery pack, and the upper protective cover 1-5 and the lower protective cover 1-6 are fixedly connected above and below the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 respectively;
the left guide rail 1-1 is a flat plate structure body, a boss is arranged on one side of the flat plate, the symmetrical center plane of the boss is a horizontal plane of the aircraft passing through the central axis of the aircraft, the boss and a guide rail groove of the aircraft form a guide rail type push-pull mounting structure, on one hand, the assembly and disassembly of the battery pack are facilitated, on the other hand, the contact area is increased, the heat conduction efficiency of the battery pack is improved, a battery module mounting groove is arranged on the other side of the flat plate, the number, the interval and the groove width of the battery module mounting grooves are matched with the power battery modules 21, the high-voltage battery modules 31 and the low-voltage battery modules 32, each battery module mounting groove is provided with 2 or more than 2 battery module mounting holes, and the battery module mounting grooves have the functions of mounting and fixing the battery modules, bearing the gravity of the battery modules, the impact force in the horizontal direction and the heat conduction of the battery pack;
the structure of the right guide rail 1-2 is similar to that of the left guide rail 1-1, and is a mirror image body of the left guide rail 1-1, wherein the plane on one side of the flat plate of the left guide rail 1-1 is a mirror image plane;
the front cross beam 1-3 and the rear cross beam 1-4 are both of flat plate structures, are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, so that an installation interface of a battery pack and an aircraft is provided, and the width direction positioning of a battery pack frame is realized;
the upper protective cover 1-5 is in a multi-surface enclosure shape formed by bending a thin plate, one end of the upper protective cover is provided with a concave platform for installing the battery pack 42-2 and an installation hole, the concave platform is provided with a window for replacing the alarm unit 42-1, the multi-surface enclosure is provided with a large number of grid holes, and the upper protective cover 1-5 realizes the functions of preventing foreign matters from entering the battery pack, reducing weight, electromagnetically shielding, convectively exchanging and absorbing radiant heat;
the lower protective cover 1-6 is in the shape of a multi-surface enclosure formed by bending a thin plate, a large number of grid holes are formed in the multi-surface enclosure, and the lower protective cover 1-6 can prevent foreign matters from entering the battery pack, reduce weight, electromagnetically shield, convectively exchange heat and absorb radiant heat.
Further, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the left guide rail 1-1, the right guide rail 1-2, the front cross beam 1-3, the rear cross beam 1-4, the upper protection cover 1-5 and the lower protection cover 1-6 of the battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle are all made of aluminum alloy materials, and have characteristics of small density, high strength and excellent heat conduction performance, and the surface of the above components is treated by spraying black teflon, so that the modular underwater vehicle battery pack has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, electrical insulation performance and heat conduction performance, and meets requirements of the battery pack on good thermal conductivity, good insulation performance and good corrosion resistance, the color of the surface treatment of the teflon is black, and the black has strong heat radiation absorption capability, and is beneficial to heat dissipation of the battery pack.
Further, according to some embodiments of the invention, the power cell module 21 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2, the power supporting plate 2-3, the power battery unit 22, the power pressing strip 2-4, the power screw rod 2-5 and the power protection unit 41-1; wherein:
the power battery module 21 adopts a multi-layer clamping plate structure and sequentially comprises a power front clamping plate 2-1, one or more power supporting plates 2-3 and a power rear clamping plate 2-2 which are arranged in sequence, the installation step surfaces of the power front clamping plate, the power supporting plate or the power supporting plates are coplanar with the installation surface of the left guide rail 1-1 and the installation surface of the right guide rail 1-2 respectively, the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are connected and fixed by a plurality of power screws 2-5 to form a whole, four corners of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are fixedly connected by 4 power pressing strips 2-4 respectively, so that the unequal distance among the clamping plates of all layers is avoided, the stress of single batteries is unbalanced, the strength of the whole module support is enhanced, and a thermal bridge is formed between the clamping plates and the supporting plates of all layers, thereby being beneficial to heat balance and heat conduction; installing 1 power battery unit 22 in each battery unit installation hole between each adjacent power front clamping plate 2-1, power supporting plate 2-3 and power rear clamping plate 2-2, wherein the front end surface and the rear end surface of each power battery unit 22 are in contact with the end surfaces of counter bores of the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation holes, and the excircle of each power battery unit 22 is coaxial with the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation hole, so that each power battery unit 22 is effectively isolated (single battery isolation technology) and the chain reaction of a certain single battery caused by impact or leakage is avoided; the middle positions of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are provided with heat convection holes, battery units are not arranged in the heat convection holes, the temperature of the battery at the middle position of the module is highest due to heat accumulation effect, the middle of the module is hollowed out, the overhigh temperature at the center position of the module can be effectively buffered, a chimney effect is formed, and the heat convection speed is accelerated; the power protection unit 41-1 is arranged on the tops of the clamping plate and the supporting plate;
the power front splint 2-1 is a flat plate type structure body, the two sides of the structure body are respectively provided with a left guide rail 1-1 mounting surface, a right guide rail 1-2 mounting surface, a mounting step surface and mounting screw holes, and four angular positions are provided with power pressing strips 2-4 mounting surfaces and connecting holes; the panel of the power front clamping plate 2-1 is provided with a plurality of battery unit mounting holes, a heat convection hole and a plurality of power screw rod 2-5 mounting holes, wherein the heat convection hole is a through hole and is arranged in the middle of the panel; the battery unit mounting hole is a through hole with a step surface on one side of the panel, a through type lug is arranged on the through hole, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode 4-3 and is also used as a battery electrolyte discharge port when the battery leaks, so that the electrolyte can be discharged quickly, and further chain reaction of the battery is avoided;
the structure of the power rear splint 2-2 is similar to that of the power front splint 2-1, and is a mirror image body of the power front splint 2-1, which takes the panel plane of the power front splint 2-1 as a mirror plane;
the power supporting plate 2-3 is a flat plate type structural body, two sides of the power supporting plate are respectively provided with a left guide rail 1-1 mounting surface, a right guide rail 1-2 mounting surface, a mounting step surface and mounting screw holes, and four angular positions are provided with power pressing strips 2-4 mounting surfaces and connecting holes; the panel of the power supporting plate 2-3 is provided with a plurality of battery unit mounting holes, a heat convection hole and a plurality of power screw rod 2-5 mounting holes, wherein the heat convection hole is a through hole and is arranged in the middle of the panel; the battery unit mounting hole is a through hole with step surfaces on two sides of the panel, a through lug and at least 1 general discharge groove are arranged on the through hole, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode 4-3, and the lug and the discharge groove are used as a battery electrolyte discharge opening when the battery leaks;
the dynamic layering 2-4 is a flat plate type structure body; the power screw 2-5 is a rotating shaft.
Further, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery unit mounting holes in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack are arranged in a manner that: the battery unit mounting holes are asymmetrically arranged relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft and the longitudinal plane of the aircraft through the central axis of the aircraft, the number of the lower parts of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of the upper parts of the battery unit mounting holes, so that a larger contribution rate is provided for ensuring the downward movement of the center of mass of the stability of the aircraft, the number of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the longitudinal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of the battery unit mounting holes on one side of the aircraft, and a larger contribution rate is provided for overcoming the unbalanced moment of the propulsion device of the aircraft.
Further, according to some embodiments of the invention, the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power pressing strip 2-4 of the battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle are all made of aluminum alloy materials, and the surfaces of the power front clamping plate, the power supporting plate and the power pressing strip are treated by spraying black teflon.
Further, according to some embodiments of the invention, the instrumentation cells 3 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprise: a high voltage battery module 31, a low voltage battery module 32, and physical and electrical isolation between the high voltage battery module 31 and the low voltage battery module 32; wherein:
the high-voltage battery module 31 includes: the instrument I comprises an instrument I front clamp plate 31-1, an instrument I rear clamp plate 31-2, an instrument I support plate 31-3, an instrument I screw 31-4, an instrument I battery unit 23 and a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2; wherein:
the high-voltage battery module 31 independently supplies power to a high-voltage instrument of an aircraft, and the installation structure and the installation mode of the high-voltage battery module are basically consistent with those of the power battery module 21 and are not repeated;
the grouping method of the high-voltage battery modules 31 is: firstly, an instrument I single battery 23-1 is connected with an instrument I bypass diode 5-3 in parallel to form an instrument I battery unit 23, the instrument I bypass diode 5-3 plays a role in preventing the over discharge of the instrument I single battery 23-1, then N1 instrument I battery units 23 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N1 branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a high-voltage instrument main loop; simultaneously, an instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 and an instrument I reverse charging prevention diode 5-2 are sequentially connected in series with the anode of each branch, when an external short circuit occurs to a main loop due to misoperation and the like or the current of the branch exceeds a design threshold value, the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 is fused and protects the branch from strong current impact, and the instrument I reverse charging prevention diode 5-2 has the following functions: because the electrical properties of the branches are different, the voltage of the branches is inconsistent, and the anti-reverse charging diode 5-2 of the instrument I plays a role in preventing the branches from being charged mutually and avoiding the external power supply from being charged; meanwhile, the high-voltage instrument loop has the advantages that when any single battery fails or is in an open circuit, the high-voltage instrument branch can work normally, and when any branch fails or is in an open circuit, the high-voltage instrument loop can work normally;
the number N1 of the meter I battery cells 23 is determined by formula (c), and the number N1 of the branches is determined by formula (d):
(c)n1＝V g /V I ；
wherein: v g Rated demand voltage, V, for aircraft high voltage instrument I The rated working voltage of the single battery 23-1 of the instrument I;
(d)N1≥A g /A I ；
wherein: a. The g Rated required capacity for high voltage instrument of aircraft, A I The rated capacity of the single battery 23-1 of the instrument I;
the low-voltage battery module 32 includes: the instrument II comprises an instrument II front splint 32-1, an instrument II rear splint 32-2, an instrument II screw 32-3, an instrument II battery unit 24, a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 and an alarm unit 42-1; wherein:
the low-voltage battery module 32 independently supplies power to a low-voltage instrument of an aircraft, and the installation structure and the mode of the low-voltage battery module are basically consistent with those of the power battery module 21 and are not repeated;
the grouping of the low voltage battery modules 32 is: firstly, an instrument II single battery 24-1 is connected with an instrument II bypass diode 6-3 in parallel to form an instrument II battery unit 24, the instrument II bypass diode 6-3 plays a role of preventing the over-discharge of the instrument II single battery 24-1, then N2 instrument II battery units 24 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N2 branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a low-voltage instrument main loop; simultaneously, an instrument II short-circuit-proof protective tube 6-1 and an instrument II reverse-charging-prevention diode 6-2 are sequentially connected in series with the anode of each branch, when the loop is short-circuited due to misoperation and the like, the instrument II short-circuit-proof protective tube 6-1 is fused and protects the branch from being impacted by short-circuit strong current, and the instrument II reverse-charging-prevention diode 6-2 has the following functions: because the electrical properties of the branches are different, the voltage of the branches is inconsistent, and the anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 of the instrument II plays a role in preventing the branches from being charged mutually and avoiding the external power supply from being charged; meanwhile, the low-voltage instrument loop can work normally when any single battery fails or is open-circuited, and can work normally when any branch fails or is open-circuited;
the number N2 of meter II cells 24 is determined by equation (e), and the number N2 of branches is determined by equation (f):
(e)n2＝V d /V II ；
wherein: v d Rated demand voltage, V, for low voltage instruments of aircraft II The rated working voltage of the single battery 24-1 of the instrument II is set;
(f)N2≥A d /A II ；
wherein: a. The d Rated demand capacity for aircraft low voltage instrument, A II Is the rated capacity of the single battery 24-1 of the instrument II.
Further, according to some embodiments of the invention, the management system 4 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: a protection module 41 and an alarm module 42; wherein:
the protection module 41 includes: a power protection unit 41-1, a high voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 and a low voltage instrument protection unit 41-3; the power protection unit 41-1 includes according to the functional division: the power short circuit prevention protective tube 4-1, the power anti-reverse-charging diode 4-2 and the power bypass diode 4-3 are arranged in the electrical box of the power protection unit 41-1 in a centralized manner, wherein the power bypass diode 4-3 is divided and attached to the power battery unit 22 according to the installation position, and the power short circuit prevention protective tube 4-1 and the power anti-reverse-charging diode 4-2 are arranged in the electrical box of the power protection unit 41-1; the high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 comprises the following functional partitions: the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1, the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode 5-2 and the instrument I bypass diode 5-3 are divided according to installation positions and belong to an instrument I battery unit 23, and the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 and the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode 5-2 are installed in an electrical box of a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 in a centralized manner; the low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 comprises the following components in functional division: the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube 6-1, the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 and the instrument II bypass diode 6-3 are divided according to installation positions and belong to an instrument II battery unit 24, and the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube 6-1 and the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 are installed in an electrical box of a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 in a centralized manner;
Furthermore, the invention also relates to the use of the modular underwater vehicle battery pack described above in the underwater vehicle manufacturing and battery manufacturing industries.
(3) Advantageous effects
The advantages of the modular underwater vehicle battery pack and the management system thereof are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. the battery pack and the management system adopt a modularization technology, so that the navigation speed and range expansion capability of the aircraft is strong, the task load range is wide, and the interchangeability is strong; meanwhile, the redundancy is strong, the branch circuit of the battery pack can work normally when any single battery fails or is opened, and the battery pack can work normally when any branch circuit fails or is opened.
2. The battery pack adopts an instrument, power, high voltage and low voltage physical isolation and an independent power supply system, the single batteries of the battery pack are balanced in power consumption, the safety is good, and the mutual interference among power consumption of different systems is small.
3. The battery pack is subjected to multi-dimensional thermal design from the aspects of materials, structures, surface treatment and the like, the radiation, convection and conduction heat dissipation paths of heat are fully and comprehensively utilized, a good thermal bridge design is realized, the internal and external thermal fields of the battery pack are balanced through the design of thermal bridges from inside to outside and heat exchange, the heat accumulation is avoided, and the safety is good.
4. Safety protection, the battery pack and the management system realize the monitoring and diagnosis of the health state of each single battery; because the factors such as production, manufacturing or materials cause the small characteristic difference between the single batteries, the battery pack adopts the safety circuit of the single battery parallel bypass diode, and has the function of preventing the over-discharge of a certain (or branch) battery; the battery pack adopts the mode that the positive electrode of each branch circuit is connected with the reverse charging prevention diode in series, and has the function of preventing the reverse electrodes from generating among the branch circuits; the battery pack adopts the anode of each branch circuit to be connected with the short-circuit-proof protective tube in series, and has the function of protecting the branch circuits from being impacted by external strong current.
5. The battery pack and the management system have the functions of positioning the faults of the battery pack, periodically evaluating the health condition of the battery pack, monitoring leaked gas and abnormal temperature in real time and realizing fault alarm; the battery pack temperature monitoring device has a real-time detection function for battery pack leakage gas and battery pack temperature and an alarm function when gas concentration or battery pack temperature exceeds a set threshold value.
6. The battery pack is asymmetrically arranged by adopting the batteries, and the mass ratio of the battery pack is usually larger than that of the aircraft, so that the design of the battery pack provides possibility for ensuring the mass center downward displacement of the stability of the aircraft and overcoming the unbalanced moment of the propulsion device of the aircraft.
In conclusion, the battery pack and the management system have good safety, interchangeability, combinability and expandability, strong impact resistance, excellent electromagnetic shielding capability and electromagnetic interference resistance, and have wide application prospects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without the benefit of the teachings herein.
Fig. 1 is a view illustrating the overall external appearance of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view illustrating an overall external configuration of a battery holder of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a partial structure I of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power cell circuit of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an overall external view structural view of a power battery module of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front elevational view of a powered front strap of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a front view of a power support plate of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a view illustrating the overall external appearance of a high voltage battery module of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high voltage battery module of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a view illustrating the overall external appearance of a low voltage battery module of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a low voltage battery module of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1: battery rack, 2: power battery, 3: instrument battery, 4: management system, 21: power battery module, 22: power battery unit, 23: meter I battery unit, 24: meter II battery unit, 31: high-voltage battery module, 32: low-voltage battery module, 41: protection module, 42: alarm module, 1-1: left guide rail, 1-2: right guide rail, 1-3: front cross beam, 1-4: rear cross member, 1-5: upper protective cover, 1-6: lower protective cap, 2-1: power front splint, 2-2: power rear splint, 2-3: power support plate, 2-4: dynamic layering, 2-5: power screw, 4-1: short-circuit prevention protective tube, 4-2: power anti-reverse charging diode, 4-3: power bypass diode, 5-1: short circuit protective tube is prevented to instrument I, 5-2: instrument I anti-reverse charging diode, 5-3: instrument I bypass diode, 6-1: instrument II short-circuit prevention protective tube, 6-2: instrument II anti-reverse charging diode, 6-3: instrument II bypass diode, 22-1: power single battery, 23-1: instrument I cell, 24-1: instrument II Single cell, 31-1: instrument I front plate, 31-2: instrument I rear clamp plate, 31-3: instrument I support plate, 31-4: instrument I screw, 32-1: instrument II front plate, 32-2: instrument II rear cleat, 32-3: instrument II screw, 41-1: power protection unit, 41-2: high-voltage instrument protection unit, 41-3: low-voltage instrument protection unit, 42-1: alarm unit, 42-2: a battery pack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of some, but not all, of the present invention and that the invention may be embodied or carried out in various other specific forms, and that various modifications and changes in the details of the specification may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Also, it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: a modular underwater vehicle battery pack and a management system (hereinafter referred to as "battery pack") thereof, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-11, and embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Referring to fig. 1, the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the present invention comprises: the system comprises a battery frame 1, a power battery 2, an instrument battery 3 and a management system 4; the battery frame 1 is a basic structure body of the battery pack, is a main bearing part, an anti-impact bearing part and a main heat conduction conductor of the battery pack, and provides a mounting interface of the battery pack and an aircraft.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a power battery module 21 of a power battery 2 in a battery pack of a modular underwater vehicle is mounted in battery module mounting grooves of a left guide rail 1-1 and a right guide rail 1-2 and fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 through mounting screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of a power front splint 2-1, a power rear splint 2-2 and a power support plate 2-3; the installation step surfaces of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2 and the power supporting plate 2-3 of the power battery module 21 are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the force of the power battery module 21 in the vertical direction; the side surfaces of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2 and the power supporting plate 2-3 of the power battery module 21 are contacted with the side surfaces of the battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the force of the power battery module 21 in the horizontal direction; the power battery modules 21 are connected through cables.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a high-voltage battery module 31 and a low-voltage battery module 32 of an instrument battery 3 in a modularized underwater vehicle battery pack are respectively positioned at the front and the rear parts of the battery pack, are both installed in battery module installation grooves of a left guide rail 1-1 and a right guide rail 1-2, and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 through installation screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of an instrument I front splint 31-1, an instrument I rear splint 31-2, an instrument I support plate 31-3, an instrument II front splint 32-1 and an instrument II rear splint 32-2; the installation step surfaces of the instrument I front splint 31-1, the instrument I rear splint 31-2, the instrument I support plate 31-3, the instrument II front splint 32-1 and the instrument II rear splint 32-2 of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are in contact with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 to bear the vertical force of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32; the instrument I front clamping plate 31-1, the instrument I rear clamping plate 31-2, the instrument I support plate 31-3, the instrument II front clamping plate 32-1 and the instrument II rear clamping plate 32-2 of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are in contact with the battery module mounting groove side surfaces of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, and bear the horizontal force of the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32; the high-voltage battery module 31 and the low-voltage battery module 32 are isolated from each other.
Referring to fig. 5, 8 and 10, the protection module 41 of the management system 4 in the battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle of the present invention realizes the functions of preventing over-discharge of battery units, preventing reverse charging between branches and preventing external short circuit of branches; the protection module 41 consists of a power protection unit 41-1, a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 and a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3; the power protection unit 41-1 is installed on the upper portion of the power battery module 21, the high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 is installed on the upper portion of the high-voltage battery module 31, the low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 is installed on the upper portion of the low-voltage battery module 32, and each protection unit carries out safety protection on the correspondingly installed battery module.
Referring to fig. 1 and 10, an alarm module 42 of a management system 4 in a battery pack of a modular underwater vehicle of the invention realizes a real-time detection function of gas leakage of the battery pack and an alarm function when the gas concentration exceeds a set threshold, realizes a real-time detection function of the temperature of the battery pack and an alarm function when the temperature exceeds the set threshold, and realizes an independent power supply function of the alarm module 42; the alarm module 42 consists of an alarm unit 42-1 and a battery pack 42-2; the alarm unit 42-1 is mounted on the upper portion of the low-voltage battery module 32, the battery pack 42-2 is mounted on the upper portion of the upper protective cover 1-5, and the alarm unit 42-1 and the battery pack 42-2 are detachable components, so that the battery pack can be conveniently inspected, overhauled and replaced outside the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 1, a power battery 2 in a modularized underwater vehicle battery pack is composed of a plurality of identical power battery modules 21, and the power battery modules 21 are connected through cables; wherein:
referring to fig. 4, the power battery 2 independently supplies power to the power system of the aircraft, and the grouping mode of the power battery 2 is as follows: firstly, a power single battery 22-1 is connected with a power bypass diode 4-3 in parallel to form a power battery unit 22, the power bypass diode 4-3 plays a role of preventing the power single battery 22-1 from being over-discharged, then N power battery units 22 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a battery pack main loop; meanwhile, a power short-circuit-proof protective tube 4-1 and a power reverse charging-proof diode 4-2 are sequentially connected in series with the anode of each branch, when an external short circuit occurs to a power main loop due to misoperation and the like or the current of the branch exceeds a design threshold value, the power short-circuit-proof protective tube 4-1 is fused and protects the branch from being impacted by strong current, and the power reverse charging-proof diode 4-2 has the following functions: because the electrical properties of the branches are different, the voltages of the branches are inconsistent, and the power anti-reverse charging diode 4-2 plays a role in preventing the branches from being charged mutually and avoiding the charging of an external power supply; meanwhile, the battery pack loop has the advantages that when any single battery fails or is open-circuited, the battery pack branch can work normally, and when any branch fails or is open-circuited, the battery pack can work normally.
The number N of power cells 22 is determined by equation (a) and the number N of branches is determined by equation (b):
(a)n＝V z /V d ；
wherein: v z Matching rated required voltage (V) of a power system of an aircraft with rated voltage of a propulsion motor and speed of the aircraft, V d Is the rated working voltage (V) of the power single battery 22-1;
(b)N≥A z /A d ；
wherein: a. The z Rated demand capacity (Ah) for the aircraft power system, matching the aircraft range, A d The rated capacity (Ah) of the power unit cell 22-1.
Referring to fig. 2, the battery holder 1 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: the guide rail comprises a left guide rail 1-1, a right guide rail 1-2, a front beam 1-3, a rear beam 1-4, an upper protective cover 1-5 and a lower protective cover 1-6, wherein:
the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 are arranged in parallel, the front end and the rear end are fixedly connected with the front cross beam 1-3 and the rear cross beam 1-4 respectively to form a rectangular frame together to form a basic structural body, a main bearing part and a main heat conduction conductor of the battery pack, and the upper protective cover 1-5 and the lower protective cover 1-6 are fixedly connected above and below the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 respectively.
The left guide rail 1-1 is a flat plate structure body, a boss is arranged on one side of the flat plate, the symmetrical center plane of the boss is a horizontal plane of the aircraft passing through the central axis of the aircraft, the boss and a guide rail groove of the aircraft form a guide rail type push-pull mounting structure, on one hand, the assembly and disassembly of the battery pack are facilitated, on the other hand, the contact area is increased, the heat conduction efficiency of the battery pack is improved, a battery module mounting groove is arranged on the other side of the flat plate, the number, the interval and the groove width of the battery module mounting grooves are matched with the power battery modules 21, the high-voltage battery modules 31 and the low-voltage battery modules 32, each battery module mounting groove is provided with 2 or more than 2 battery module mounting holes, and the battery module mounting grooves have the functions of mounting and fixing the battery modules, bearing the gravity of the battery modules, the impact force in the horizontal direction and the heat conduction of the battery pack; the structure of the right guide rail 1-2 is similar to that of the left guide rail 1-1, and is a mirror image body of the left guide rail 1-1, wherein the plane on one side of the flat plate of the left guide rail 1-1 is a mirror image plane; the front cross beam 1-3 and the rear cross beam 1-4 are both of flat plate structures, are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2 and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail 1-1 and the right guide rail 1-2, so that an installation interface of a battery pack and an aircraft is provided, and the width direction positioning of a battery pack frame is realized; the upper protective cover 1-5 is in a multi-surface enclosure shape formed by bending a thin plate, one end of the upper protective cover is provided with a concave platform for installing the battery pack 42-2 and an installation hole, the concave platform is provided with a window for replacing the alarm unit 42-1, the multi-surface enclosure is provided with a large number of grid holes, and the upper protective cover 1-5 realizes the functions of preventing foreign matters from entering the battery pack, reducing weight, electromagnetically shielding, convectively exchanging and absorbing radiant heat; the lower protective cover 1-6 is in the shape of a multi-surface enclosure formed by bending a thin plate, a large number of grid holes are formed in the multi-surface enclosure, and the lower protective cover 1-6 can prevent foreign matters from entering the battery pack, reduce weight, electromagnetically shield, convectively exchange heat and absorb radiant heat.
The left guide rail 1-1, the right guide rail 1-2, the front cross beam 1-3, the rear cross beam 1-4, the upper protective cover 1-5 and the lower protective cover 1-6 are all made of aluminum alloy materials, and have the characteristics of small density, high strength, excellent heat conduction performance and the like.
Referring to fig. 5, the power battery module 21 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2, the power supporting plate 2-3, the power battery unit 22, the power pressing strip 2-4, the power screw rod 2-5 and the power protection unit 41-1; wherein:
referring to fig. 5, the power battery module 21 adopts a multi-layer clamping plate structure and sequentially comprises a power front clamping plate 2-1, one or more power supporting plates 2-3 and a power rear clamping plate 2-2, wherein the installation step surfaces of the power front clamping plate, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are respectively coplanar with the installation surface of the left guide rail 1-1 and the installation surface of the right guide rail 1-2, the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are connected and fixed by a plurality of power screws 2-5 to form a whole, and four corners of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are respectively fixedly connected by 4 power pressing strips 2-4, so that the unequal distances among the clamping plates of all layers are avoided, the stress of single batteries is unbalanced, the strength of the whole module support is enhanced, and a thermal bridge is formed between the clamping plates and the supporting plates of all layers, thereby being beneficial to heat balance and heat conduction; installing 1 power battery unit 22 in each battery unit installation hole between each adjacent power front clamping plate 2-1, power supporting plate 2-3 and power rear clamping plate 2-2, wherein the front end surface and the rear end surface of each power battery unit 22 are in contact with the end surfaces of counter bores of the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation holes, and the excircle of each power battery unit 22 is coaxial with the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation hole, so that each power battery unit 22 is effectively isolated (single battery isolation technology) and the chain reaction of a certain single battery caused by impact or leakage is avoided; the middle positions of the power front clamping plate 2-1, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power rear clamping plate 2-2 are provided with heat convection holes, battery units are not arranged in the heat convection holes, the temperature of the battery at the middle position of the module is highest due to heat accumulation effect, the middle of the module is hollowed out, the overhigh temperature at the center position of the module can be effectively buffered, a chimney effect is formed, and the heat convection speed is accelerated; the power protection unit 41-1 is installed on the top of the clamping plate and the supporting plate.
Referring to fig. 6, a power front splint 2-1 in a modularized underwater vehicle battery pack is a flat plate type structural body, two sides of the flat plate type structural body are respectively provided with a left guide rail 1-1 mounting surface, a right guide rail 1-2 mounting surface, a mounting step surface and mounting screw holes, and four angular positions are provided with power pressing strips 2-4 mounting surfaces and connecting holes; the panel of the power front clamping plate 2-1 is provided with a plurality of battery unit mounting holes, a heat convection hole and a plurality of power screw rod 2-5 mounting holes, wherein the heat convection hole is a through hole and is arranged in the middle of the panel; the battery unit mounting holes are asymmetrically arranged relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft and the longitudinal plane of the aircraft through the central axis of the aircraft, the number of the lower parts of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of the upper parts of the battery unit mounting holes, so that a larger contribution rate is provided for ensuring the downward movement of the center of mass of the stability of the aircraft, and the number of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the longitudinal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of one side of the battery unit mounting holes of the other side of the aircraft, so that a larger contribution rate is provided for overcoming the unbalanced moment of the propulsion device of the aircraft; the battery unit mounting hole is a through hole with a step surface on one side of the panel, a through type lug is arranged on the through hole, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode 4-3 and is also used as a battery electrolyte discharge port when the battery leaks, so that the electrolyte can be discharged quickly, and further chain reaction of the battery is avoided; the structure of the power rear splint 2-2 is similar to that of the power front splint 2-1, and is a mirror image body of the power front splint 2-1, which takes the panel plane of the power front splint 2-1 as a mirror plane; referring to fig. 7, the structure of the power support plate 2-3 is similar to that of the power front clamping plate 2-1, except that the battery unit mounting hole of the power front clamping plate 2-1 is a through hole with a step surface on one side of the panel, the through hole is provided with a through lug, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode 4-3 and is used as a discharge port when the battery leaks, the battery unit mounting hole of the power support plate 2-3 is a through hole with step surfaces on two sides of the panel, the through hole is provided with a through lug and at least 1 through discharge groove, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode 4-3, and the lug and the discharge groove are used as a discharge port of the battery electrolyte when the battery leaks; referring to FIG. 5, the dynamic pressure strips 2-4 are flat plate type structures; the power screw 2-5 is a rotating shaft. The power front clamping plate 2-1, the power rear clamping plate 2-2, the power supporting plate 2-3 and the power pressing strip 2-4 are all made of aluminum alloy materials, and the surfaces of the power front clamping plate, the power rear clamping plate, the power supporting plate and the power pressing strip are treated by spraying black Teflon.
Referring to fig. 1, the instrumentation cell 3 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack of the invention comprises: a high voltage battery module 31, a low voltage battery module 32, physical and electrical isolation between the high voltage battery module 31 and the low voltage battery module 32; wherein:
referring to fig. 8, the high-voltage battery module 31 includes: the instrument I comprises an instrument I front clamp plate 31-1, an instrument I rear clamp plate 31-2, an instrument I support plate 31-3, an instrument I screw 31-4, an instrument I battery unit 23 and a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2; wherein:
the high-voltage battery module 31 independently supplies power to a high-voltage instrument of an aircraft, and the installation structure and the installation mode of the high-voltage battery module are basically the same as those of the power battery module 21, so that the description is omitted.
Referring to fig. 9, the grouping method of the high voltage battery modules 31 is: firstly, an instrument I single battery 23-1 is connected with an instrument I bypass diode 5-3 in parallel to form an instrument I battery unit 23, the instrument I bypass diode 5-3 plays a role in preventing the over discharge of the instrument I single battery 23-1, then N1 instrument I battery units 23 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N1 branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a high-voltage instrument main loop; simultaneously, an instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 and an instrument I reverse charging prevention diode 5-2 are sequentially connected in series with the anode of each branch, when an external short circuit occurs to a main loop due to misoperation and the like or the current of the branch exceeds a design threshold value, the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 is fused and protects the branch from strong current impact, and the instrument I reverse charging prevention diode 5-2 has the following functions: the instrument I anti-reverse-charging diode 5-2 plays a role in preventing the mutual charging among the branches and avoiding the charging of an external power supply because the branch voltages are inconsistent due to the difference of the electrical properties of the branches; meanwhile, the high-voltage instrument loop can work normally when any single battery fails or opens, and can work normally when any single battery fails or opens.
The number N1 of the meter I battery cells 23 is determined by formula (c), and the number N1 of the branches is determined by formula (d):
(c)n1＝V g /V I ；
wherein: v g Rated demand voltage, V, for aircraft high voltage instrument I The rated working voltage of the single battery 23-1 of the instrument I;
(d)N1≥A g /A I ；
wherein: a. The g Rated demand capacity for aircraft high voltage instrument, A I Is the rated capacity of the single battery 23-1 of the instrument I.
Referring to fig. 10, the low voltage battery module 32 includes: the instrument II comprises an instrument II front clamping plate 32-1, an instrument II rear clamping plate 32-2, an instrument II screw 32-3, an instrument II battery unit 24, a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 and an alarm unit 42-1; wherein:
the low voltage battery module 32 independently supplies power to the low voltage instruments of the aircraft, and the installation structure and the mode of the low voltage battery module are basically consistent with those of the power battery module 21, so that the description is omitted.
Referring to fig. 11, the low voltage battery modules 32 are grouped in the following manner: firstly, an instrument II single battery 24-1 is connected with an instrument II bypass diode 6-3 in parallel to form an instrument II battery unit 24, the instrument II bypass diode 6-3 plays a role of preventing the over-discharge of the instrument II single battery 24-1, then N2 instrument II battery units 24 are connected in series to form a branch circuit, and finally N2 branch circuits are connected in parallel to form a low-voltage instrument main loop; simultaneously, an instrument II short-circuit-proof protective tube 6-1 and an instrument II reverse-charging-prevention diode 6-2 are sequentially connected in series with the anode of each branch, when the loop is short-circuited due to misoperation and the like, the instrument II short-circuit-proof protective tube 6-1 is fused and protects the branch from being impacted by short-circuit strong current, and the instrument II reverse-charging-prevention diode 6-2 has the following functions: because the electrical properties of the branches are different, the voltage of the branches is inconsistent, and the anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 of the instrument II plays a role in preventing the branches from being charged mutually and avoiding the external power supply from being charged; meanwhile, the low-voltage instrument loop can work normally when any single battery fails or opens, and can work normally when any single battery fails or opens.
The number N2 of meter II cells 24 is determined by equation (e), and the number N2 of branches is determined by equation (f):
(e)n2＝V d /V II ；
wherein: v d Rated demand voltage, V, for low voltage instruments of aircraft II The rated working voltage of the single battery 24-1 of the instrument II is set;
(f)N2≥A d /A II ；
wherein: a. The d Rated demand capacity for low voltage instrument of aircraft, A II Is the rated capacity of the single battery 24-1 of the instrument II.
With reference to figures 1, 5, 8 and 10, the management system 4 in the modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to the invention comprises: a protection module 41 and an alarm module 42; wherein:
the protection module 41 includes: a power protection unit 41-1, a high voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 and a low voltage instrument protection unit 41-3; the power protection unit 41-1 includes according to the functional division: the power short circuit prevention protective tube 4-1, the power anti-reverse-charging diode 4-2 and the power bypass diode 4-3 are arranged in the electrical box of the power protection unit 41-1 in a centralized manner, wherein the power bypass diode 4-3 is divided and attached to the power battery unit 22 according to the installation position, and the power short circuit prevention protective tube 4-1 and the power anti-reverse-charging diode 4-2 are arranged in the electrical box of the power protection unit 41-1; the high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 comprises the following functional partitions: the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1, the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode 5-2 and the instrument I bypass diode 5-3 are divided according to installation positions and belong to an instrument I battery unit 23, and the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube 5-1 and the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode 5-2 are installed in an electrical box of a high-voltage instrument protection unit 41-2 in a centralized manner; the low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 comprises the following components in functional division: the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube 6-1, the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 and the instrument II bypass diode 6-3 are divided according to installation positions and belong to an instrument II battery unit 24, and the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube 6-1 and the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode 6-2 are installed in an electrical box of a low-voltage instrument protection unit 41-3 in a centralized mode.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A modular underwater vehicle battery pack, the battery pack comprising: the system comprises a battery frame (1), a power battery (2), an instrument battery (3) and a management system (4); wherein:
the battery frame (1) is an anti-impact force bearing part and a heat conduction conductor of the battery pack and provides a mounting interface of the battery pack and an aircraft;
a power battery module (21) of a power battery (2) is arranged in battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2) and is fixedly connected with the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2) through mounting screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of the power front clamping plate (2-1), the power rear clamping plate (2-2) and the power supporting plate (2-3); the installation step surfaces of a power front clamping plate (2-1), a power rear clamping plate (2-2) and a power supporting plate (2-3) of the power battery module (21) are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2); the side surfaces of a power front clamping plate (2-1), a power rear clamping plate (2-2) and a power supporting plate (2-3) of the power battery module (21) are contacted with the side surfaces of battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2); the power battery modules (21) are connected through cables;
the high-voltage battery module (31) and the low-voltage battery module (32) of the instrument battery (3) are respectively positioned at the front and the rear parts of the battery pack, are all installed in the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2), and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2) through installation screw holes arranged on the side surfaces of the instrument I front clamping plate (31-1), the instrument I rear clamping plate (31-2), the instrument I support plate (31-3), the instrument II front clamping plate (32-1) and the instrument II rear clamping plate (32-2); the installation step surfaces of the instrument I front clamping plate (31-1), the instrument I rear clamping plate (31-2), the instrument I supporting plate (31-3), the instrument II front clamping plate (32-1) and the instrument II rear clamping plate (32-2) of the high-voltage battery module (31) and the low-voltage battery module (32) are contacted with the bottom surfaces of the battery module installation grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2); the side surfaces of the instrument I front clamping plate (31-1), the instrument I rear clamping plate (31-2), the instrument I supporting plate (31-3) and the instrument II front clamping plate (32-1) of the high-voltage battery module (31) and the low-voltage battery module (32) are in contact with the side surfaces of the battery module mounting grooves of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2); the high-voltage battery module (31) and the low-voltage battery module (32) are isolated from each other;
the protection module (41) of the management system (4) consists of a power protection unit (41-1), a high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2) and a low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3); the power protection unit (41-1) is arranged at the upper part of the power battery module (21), the high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2) is arranged at the upper part of the high-voltage battery module (31), the low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3) is arranged at the upper part of the low-voltage battery module (32), and each protection unit carries out safety protection on the correspondingly arranged battery module;
the alarm module (42) of the management system (4) consists of an alarm unit (42-1) and a battery pack (42-2); the alarm unit (42-1) is arranged at the upper part of the low-voltage battery module (32), the battery pack (42-2) is arranged at the upper part of the upper protective cover (1-5), and the alarm unit (42-1) and the battery pack (42-2) are detachable components.
2. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that said power battery (2) is composed of a plurality of identical power battery modules (21), the power battery modules (21) being connected by cables; wherein:
the power battery (2) independently supplies power to a power system of the aircraft, and the grouping mode of the power battery (2) is as follows: firstly, connecting a power single battery (22-1) with a power bypass diode (4-3) in parallel to form a power battery unit (22), then connecting N power battery units (22) in series to form a branch, and finally connecting N branches in parallel to form a main circuit of a battery pack;
the number N of power battery cells (22) is determined by formula (a), and the number N of branches is determined by formula (b):
(a)n＝V z /V d ；
wherein: v z Rated voltage demand, V, for an aircraft power system d The rated working voltage of the power single battery (22-1);
(b)N≥A z /A d ；
wherein: a. The z Rated capacity demanded of an aircraft power system, A d The rated capacity of the power single battery (22-1).
3. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that a power anti-short circuit fuse (4-1) and a power anti-reverse charging diode (4-2) are connected in series in sequence at the positive pole of each branch.
4. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that said battery rack (1) comprises: left guide rail (1-1), right guide rail (1-2), front beam (1-3), rear beam (1-4), last visor (1-5) and lower visor (1-6), wherein:
the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2) are arranged in parallel, and the front end and the rear end of the left guide rail are respectively fixedly connected with the front cross beam (1-3) and the rear cross beam (1-4) to form a rectangular frame together; the upper protective cover (1-5) and the lower protective cover (1-6) are respectively and fixedly connected above and below the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2);
the left guide rail (1-1) is a flat plate structure body, one side of the flat plate is provided with a boss, the symmetrical center plane of the boss is a horizontal plane of the aircraft passing through the central axis of the aircraft, the boss and a guide rail groove of the aircraft form a guide rail type push-pull mounting structure, the other side of the flat plate is provided with battery module mounting grooves, the number, the spacing and the groove width of the battery module mounting grooves are matched with a power battery module (21), a high-voltage battery module (31) and a low-voltage battery module (32), each battery module mounting groove is provided with 2 or more than 2 battery module mounting holes,
the structure of the right guide rail (1-2) is similar to that of the left guide rail (1-1), and the right guide rail (1-2) is a mirror image body of the left guide rail (1-1) taking the plane on one side of the flat plate of the left guide rail (1-1) as a mirror image plane;
the front cross beam (1-3) and the rear cross beam (1-4) are both of flat plate structures, are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2), and are fixedly connected with the left guide rail (1-1) and the right guide rail (1-2);
the upper protective cover (1-5) is in a multi-surface enclosure shape formed by bending thin plates, one end of the upper protective cover is provided with a concave platform for installing a battery pack (42-2) and an installation hole, the concave platform is provided with a window for replacing the alarm unit (42-1), and the multi-surface enclosure is provided with grid holes;
the lower protective covers (1-6) are in a multi-surface surrounding shell shape formed by bending thin plates, and grid holes are formed in the multi-surface surrounding shell.
5. The battery pack of the modular underwater vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the left guide rail (1-1), the right guide rail (1-2), the front beam (1-3), the rear beam (1-4), the upper protective cover (1-5) and the lower protective cover (1-6) are made of aluminum alloy material, and the surfaces of the left guide rail (1-1), the right guide rail (1-2), the front beam (1-3), the rear beam (1-4), the upper protective cover (1-5) and the lower protective cover (1-6) are treated by spraying black teflon.
6. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that said power battery module (21) comprises: the power front clamping plate (2-1), the power rear clamping plate (2-2), the power supporting plate (2-3), the power battery unit (22), the power pressing strip (2-4), the power screw (2-5) and the power protection unit (41-1); wherein:
the power battery module (21) adopts a multi-layer clamping plate structure and is formed by sequentially arranging a power front clamping plate (2-1), 1 or more power supporting plates (2-3) and a power rear clamping plate (2-2), wherein the installation step surface of the power battery module is coplanar with the installation surface of the left guide rail (1-1) and the installation surface of the right guide rail (1-2) respectively; the power front clamping plate (2-1), the power supporting plate (2-3) and the power rear clamping plate (2-2) are fixedly connected through a power screw (2-5) to form a whole, and four corners of the power front clamping plate (2-1), the power supporting plate (2-3) and the power rear clamping plate (2-2) are fixedly connected through 4 power pressing strips (2-4) respectively; installing 1 power battery unit (22) in each battery unit installation hole between each adjacent power front clamping plate (2-1), power supporting plate (2-3) and power rear clamping plate (2-2), wherein the front end face and the rear end face of each power battery unit (22) are in contact with the end faces of counter bores of the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation holes, and the excircle of each power battery unit is coaxial with the corresponding clamping plate or supporting plate battery unit installation hole; heat convection holes are formed in the middle positions of the power front clamping plate (2-1), the power supporting plate (2-3) and the power rear clamping plate (2-2); the power protection unit (41-1) is arranged on the tops of the clamping plate and the supporting plate;
the power front clamping plate (2-1) is a flat plate type structure body, two sides of the power front clamping plate are respectively provided with a left guide rail (1-1) mounting surface, a right guide rail (1-2) mounting surface, a mounting step surface and a mounting screw hole, and four angular positions are provided with power pressing strip (2-4) mounting surfaces and connecting holes; a panel of the power front clamping plate (2-1) is provided with a plurality of battery unit mounting holes, a heat convection hole and a plurality of power screw rod (2-5) mounting holes, wherein the heat convection hole is a through hole and is arranged in the middle of the panel; the battery unit mounting hole is a through hole with a step surface on one side of the panel, a through type lug is arranged on the through hole, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode (4-3), and is used as a battery electrolyte discharge port when the battery leaks;
the structure of the power rear splint (2-2) is similar to that of the power front splint (2-1), and the power rear splint is a mirror image body of the power front splint (2-1) which takes the panel plane of the power front splint (2-1) as a mirror image plane;
the power supporting plate (2-3) is a flat plate type structural body, two sides of the power supporting plate are respectively provided with a left guide rail (1-1) mounting surface, a right guide rail (1-2) mounting surface, a mounting step surface and a mounting screw hole, and four angular positions are provided with power pressing strips (2-4) mounting surfaces and connecting holes; a plurality of battery unit mounting holes, a heat convection hole and a plurality of power screw mounting holes (2-5) are formed in the panel of the power support plate (2-3), and the heat convection hole is a through hole and is arranged in the middle of the panel; the battery unit mounting hole is a through hole with step surfaces on two sides of the panel, a through type lug and at least 1 general type discharge groove are arranged on the through hole, the lug is used as a mounting hole of the power bypass diode (4-3), and the lug and the discharge groove are used as a battery electrolyte discharge opening when the battery leaks;
the dynamic pressure strips (2-4) are flat plate type structural bodies; the power screw (2-5) is a rotating shaft.
7. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack of claim 6, wherein the battery cell mounting holes are arranged in a manner that: the battery unit mounting holes are asymmetrically arranged relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft passing through the central axis of the aircraft and the longitudinal plane of the aircraft, the number of the lower parts of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the horizontal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of the upper parts of the battery unit mounting holes, and the number of the battery unit mounting holes relative to the longitudinal plane of the aircraft is larger than that of the battery unit mounting holes on one side of the other side of the aircraft.
8. The battery pack of claim 6, wherein the powered front clamping plate (2-1), the powered rear clamping plate (2-2), the powered support plate (2-3) and the powered pressing bar (2-4) are made of aluminum alloy materials, and the surfaces of the powered front clamping plate, the powered rear clamping plate and the powered supporting plate are treated by spraying black Teflon.
9. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that said instrumentation cells (3) comprise: a high voltage battery module (31), a low voltage battery module (32), the high voltage battery module (31) and the low voltage battery module (32) being physically and electrically isolated from each other; wherein:
high voltage battery module (31) independently supplies power to high voltage instruments of an aircraft, high voltage battery module (31) comprising: the instrument I comprises an instrument I front clamping plate (31-1), an instrument I rear clamping plate (31-2), an instrument I supporting plate (31-3), an instrument I screw rod (31-4), an instrument I battery unit (23) and a high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2);
the high-voltage battery modules (31) are grouped in the following manner: firstly, connecting a single instrument I battery (23-1) in parallel with an instrument I bypass diode (5-3) to form an instrument I battery unit (23), then connecting N1 instrument I battery units (23) in series to form a branch, and finally connecting N1 branches in parallel to form a high-voltage instrument main loop; simultaneously, an instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube (5-1) and an instrument I reverse charging prevention diode (5-2) are connected in series with the anode of each branch circuit in sequence;
the number N1 of battery cells (23) of the meter I is determined by formula (c), and the number N1 of branches is determined by formula (d):
(c)n1＝V g /V I ；
wherein: v g Rated demand voltage, V, for aircraft high voltage instrument I The rated working voltage of a single battery (23-1) of the instrument I is set;
(d)N1≥A g /A I ；
wherein: a. The g Rated required capacity for high voltage instrument of aircraft, A I The rated capacity of a single battery (23-1) of the instrument I is set;
a low voltage battery module (32) independently powers low voltage instrumentation of an aircraft, the low voltage battery module (32) comprising: the instrument II comprises an instrument II front clamping plate (32-1), an instrument II rear clamping plate (32-2), an instrument II screw (32-3), an instrument II battery unit (24), a low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3) and an alarm unit (42-1);
the low-voltage battery modules (32) are grouped in the following manner: firstly, connecting a single battery (24-1) of an instrument II in parallel with a bypass diode (6-3) of the instrument II to form a battery unit (24) of the instrument II, then connecting N2 battery units (24) of the instrument II in series to form a branch circuit, and finally connecting N2 branch circuits in parallel to form a main circuit of the low-voltage instrument; simultaneously, an instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube (6-1) and an instrument II reverse charging prevention diode (6-2) are connected in series with the anode of each branch circuit in sequence;
the number N2 of battery cells (24) of meter II is determined by equation (e), and the number N2 of branches is determined by equation (f):
(e)n2＝V d /V II ；
wherein: v d Rated demand voltage, V, for low voltage instruments of aircraft II The rated working voltage of a single battery (24-1) of the instrument II is set;
(f)N2≥A d /A II ；
wherein: a. The d Rated demand capacity for aircraft low voltage instrument, A II The rated capacity of the single battery (24-1) of the instrument II is shown.
10. The modular underwater vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that said management system (4) comprises: a protection module (41) and an alarm module (42); wherein:
the protection module (41) comprises: a power protection unit (41-1), a high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2) and a low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3); the power protection unit (41-1) includes: the power short circuit prevention protective tube (4-1), the power reverse charging prevention diode (4-2) and the power bypass diode (4-3), the power bypass diode (4-3) is installed in the power battery unit (22), and the power short circuit prevention protective tube (4-1) and the power reverse charging prevention diode (4-2) are installed in an electrical box of the power protection unit (41-1); the high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2) includes: the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube (5-1), the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode (5-2) and the instrument I bypass diode (5-3), the instrument I bypass diode (5-3) is installed in the instrument I battery unit (23), and the instrument I short circuit prevention protective tube (5-1) and the instrument I anti-reverse charging diode (5-2) are installed in an electrical box of the high-voltage instrument protection unit (41-2); the low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3) includes: the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube (6-1), the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode (6-2) and the instrument II bypass diode (6-3), the instrument II bypass diode (6-3) is installed in the instrument II battery unit (24), and the instrument II short circuit prevention protective tube (6-1) and the instrument II anti-reverse charging diode (6-2) are installed in an electrical box of the low-voltage instrument protection unit (41-3);
alarm module (42) is the online real-time supervision group battery leakage gas and the temperature to output alarm signal's circuit unit, alarm module (42) includes: an alarm unit (42-1) and a battery pack (42-2); the alarm unit (42-1) comprises a main control chip, a temperature detection circuit, a gas detection circuit, a state conversion circuit, an alarm control circuit and a module power supply circuit; the battery pack (42-2) is used for independently supplying power for the alarm unit (42-1).
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| CN206672988U (en) * | 2017-03-26 | 2017-11-24 | 西安天和海防智能科技有限公司 | A kind of modular power and submarine navigation device |
| CN107394084B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2023-05-16 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | Lithium battery pack for underwater vehicle |
| KR20190054207A (en) * | 2017-11-12 | 2019-05-22 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | The battery management system for underwater vehicle |
| CN108466683A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-31 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of portable autonomous submarine navigation device |
| CN109367738B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-28 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater autonomous operation robot and operation method thereof |
| US11967842B2 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2024-04-23 | The Boeing Company | Smart battery disconnect and protection architecture for airborne high-power modular multi-string battery pack |
| CN113823869A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2021-12-21 | 西北工业大学 | Underwater vehicle battery cabin with energy storage and enhanced heat dissipation functions |
| CN113793971A (en) * | 2021-08-29 | 2021-12-14 | 西北工业大学 | High-heat-conductivity lithium battery pack for underwater vehicle |
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Effective date of registration: 20231008 Address after: 650051, No. 3, Renmin East Road, Panlong District, Yunnan, Kunming Patentee after: KUNMING SHIPBUILDING EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 650236 floor 401, Kunchuan Industrial Zone, Kunming Economic Development Zone, Yunnan Province Patentee before: KUNMING HAIWEI DYNAMO-ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE (Ltd.) |