CN115015465A - Synchronous testing device for combustion rates of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper and matching degree testing and evaluating method - Google Patents
Synchronous testing device for combustion rates of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper and matching degree testing and evaluating method Download PDFInfo
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
A synchronous testing device for the burning rates of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper and a matching degree testing and evaluating method are characterized in that: the detection device includes: the cigarette holder, suction gas circuit, suction module, pipe tobacco temperature acquisition module, cigarette paper image acquisition module and data processing module. The device can realize the synchronous test of the burning rate of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper in the burning and smoking process, and the invention also sets a cut tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate matching degree test and evaluation method, so that the evaluation of the cigarette cut tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate matching degree is more accurate; compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for evaluating the quality of cigarette products, which evaluates by analyzing the matching degree of the burning rates of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper in the instant or each burning and smoking process and has important significance for analyzing the quality of the cigarette products in the burning state. Provides technical support for the design of cigarette products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cigarette product quality index detection, in particular to a device for synchronously testing the burning rates of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper in a cigarette burning state and a matching degree testing and evaluating method.
Background
As an important component of the cigarette, the cigarette paper plays a role in wrapping tobacco shreds on one hand, and can promote the combustion of the cigarette and improve the sensory quality of the cigarette by directly participating in the combustion process of the cigarette on the other hand. In recent years, researchers have found that key product quality indexes such as end drop, ash wrapping, smoke quality and the like during cigarette smoking can be affected when cigarette paper design parameters are changed. The problems of head falling, flameout, poor ash wrapping, poor smoke quality and the like easily occur when the combustion rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper are not matched during the burning and the smoking of the cigarette. Therefore, the development of the device and the method for evaluating the combustion rate matching degree of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper of the cigarette in the combustion state of the cigarette, particularly the matching degree of the instantaneous combustion rate, is very important for improving the quality of the cigarette product. At present, the cigarette burning rate testing device and method usually only test the cut tobacco or cigarette paper independently, for example, the Chinese patent 201010564689.2 'cigarette burning temperature distribution detector and automatic control method' applied by the applicant of the present application realizes the automation of cigarette burning temperature distribution detection, can accurately control the position of a temperature sensor in the tested cigarette, and can meet the requirements of researchers and qualityRequirement of detection personnel for detecting temperature distribution in cigarette burning and smoking process。Based on the internal temperature distribution data of the cigarette combustion cone, the Chinese patent 201610713092.7, entitled to the inventor of the present application, discloses a method for measuring the instantaneous combustion rate in the process of smoking cigarettes, which is used for extracting the characteristic temperature of the cigarette combustion cone and calculating the instantaneous combustion rate of the cigarettes according to the spatial variation of the characteristic temperature. Another chinese patent 201810106079.4, a method for characterizing the instantaneous burning rate of cigarette based on temperature centroid, applied by the present applicant is similar to the former method, except that the temperature centroid of the burning cone of cigarette is extracted, and the instantaneous burning rate of cigarette is calculated according to the spatial variation of the temperature centroid. The two methods can only obtain the burning rate of the cut tobacco of the cigarette, and the burning rate of the cigarette paper is not synchronously obtained. The traditional cigarette paper burning rate test method is based on the industry standard YC/T197-2005 cigarette paper smoldering rate measurement, and the standard is to test the smoldering rate of the single auxiliary material of the cigarette paper instead of the smoldering rate of the cigarette product during burning and smoking. Design of cigarette smoldering rate testing system based on machine vision [ J]Sensors and microsystems, 2013, 32 (3): 134-. In conclusion, no device for simultaneously testing the burning rate of the cut tobacco and the burning rate of the cigarette paper and a method for evaluating the matching degree of the burning rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a device for synchronously testing the burning rates of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper and a method for testing and evaluating the matching degree, which can synchronously test the burning rates of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper of cigarettes in the process of burning and smoking the cigarettes and evaluate the matching degree of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a synchronous testing arrangement of pipe tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate includes: the cigarette holder, suction gas circuit, suction module, pipe tobacco temperature acquisition module, cigarette paper image acquisition module and data processing module.
The cigarette holder is communicated with the suction module through a suction air path; the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module and the cigarette paper image acquisition module are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the cigarette in the horizontal direction and are respectively connected with the data processing module; when the suction module starts suction, the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module and the cigarette paper image acquisition module start working.
The temperature acquisition module comprises a high-speed acquisition card (the acquisition frequency is more than or equal to 10 Hz), a pre-punching needle group and a temperature sensor group.
Optionally, the cigarette paper image acquisition module includes, but is not limited to, a video camera, a camera, etc., the acquisition frequency should be greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and the single pixel size should be in micron order.
The method for testing and evaluating the combustion rate matching degree of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper by utilizing the device comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps: 1) placing the cigarette to be detected on a cigarette holder;
2) accurately positioning the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module in the cigarette by adopting a cigarette burning and smoking temperature distribution detector and an automatic control method (patent No. 201010564689.2, which is the patent of the inventor of the invention);
3) and aligning an imaging area of the cigarette paper image acquisition module to the opposite side of an area where the temperature sensor group in the temperature acquisition module is located.
4) The method for detecting the temperature distribution in the cigarette smoking process (patent No. 201210060868.1, the inventor's patent) and the method for measuring the instantaneous burning rate in the cigarette smoking process (patent No. 201610713092.7, the inventor's patent) are adopted to calculate the instantaneous burning rate of the cut tobacco of the cigarette, and the arithmetic average value or the integral average value of the burning rate of the cut tobacco within a certain time can be obtained after the processing.
5) When the cigarette is burnt, the image of the cigarette paper is synchronously recorded through the cigarette paper image acquisition module, the instantaneous moving speed of the cigarette paper is obtained after the image processing, and the arithmetic average value or the integral average value of the burning speed of the cigarette paper in a certain time can also be obtained after the same processing.
6) Defining the combustion rate V of cut tobacco of cigarette t And the burning rate V of the cigarette paper p The ratio of (A) to (B) is the combustion rate matching degree R of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper.
The burning rate V includes, but is not limited to, an instantaneous burning rate during smoking of the cigarette, an arithmetic mean, an integral mean, etc. of the burning rate over a certain period of time (such as smoldering process, smoking process, etc.).
7) And calculating the ratio of the combustion rate of the tobacco shreds to the combustion rate of the cigarette paper to obtain the combustion rate matching degree R of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper. When the combustion rate of the tobacco shreds is more than 1 than that of the cigarette paper, the combustion rate of the tobacco shreds is more than that of the cigarette paper; when the combustion rate of the tobacco shreds is less than 1 than that of the cigarette paper, the combustion rate of the tobacco shreds is less than that of the cigarette paper. By analyzing the matching degree of the burning rates of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper in the instant or each burning process, the method has important significance for analyzing the quality of cigarette products in a burning state. In the smoking period, when the matching degree R of the cigarette paper is within the range of 0.9-1.1, the burning rate of the cigarette tobacco is basically considered to be matched with that of the cigarette paper, otherwise, the phenomena of head falling, flameout and the like are easy to occur.
The invention has the advantages that: the synchronous test of the burning rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper in the burning and smoking process can be realized, and a cut tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate matching degree test and evaluation method is set, so that the evaluation of the cigarette cut tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate matching degree is more accurate; the method for evaluating the quality of the cigarette product is provided, evaluation is carried out by analyzing the matching degree of the burning rates of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper in the instant or each burning and smoking process, and the method has important significance for analyzing the quality of the cigarette product in a burning state. Provides technical support for the design of cigarette products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a synchronous testing apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure: the cigarette temperature monitoring system comprises a cigarette holder 1, a suction gas path 2, a suction module 3, a tobacco shred temperature acquisition module 4, a high-speed acquisition card 41, a pre-punching needle group 42, a temperature sensor group 43, a cigarette paper image acquisition module 5 and a data processing module 6.
Figure 2 is the instantaneous rate change as the cut tobacco is smoked (time 0s is the moment of starting the smoking);
figure 3 is a graph of the instantaneous rate change as the wrapper burns (time 0s is the time at which suction is initiated).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail by the following figures and examples:
example 1: the method is adopted to evaluate the matching degree of the burning rate of the conventional cigarette.
As shown in figure 1, the device for synchronously testing the combustion rate matching degree of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper comprises a cigarette holder 1, a suction gas circuit 2, a suction module 3, a tobacco shred temperature acquisition module 4, a cigarette paper image acquisition module 5 and a data processing module 6; the cigarette holder 1 is communicated with the suction module 3 through the suction air passage 2; the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module 4 and the cigarette paper image acquisition module 5 are respectively positioned at two sides of the cigarette in the horizontal direction and connected with the data processing module 6. When the suction module starts suction, the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module 5 and the cigarette paper image acquisition module 6 start to work.
The tobacco shred temperature acquisition module 4 comprises a high-speed acquisition card 41 (the acquisition frequency is more than or equal to 10 Hz), a pre-punching needle group 42 and a temperature sensor group 43. The structure is referred to the prior patent of the applicant, namely a cigarette burning and smoking temperature distribution detector and an automatic control method (patent number 201010564689.2).
The cigarette paper image acquisition module (5) comprises but is not limited to a video camera, a camera and the like, the acquisition frequency is more than or equal to 10 Hz, and the size of a single pixel is in a micron scale.
The method for evaluating the combustion rate matching degree of the tobacco shreds and the cigarette paper of the conventional cigarette (circumference is 24 mm) by utilizing the synchronous testing device comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps of placing a cigarette to be detected on a cigarette holder, accurately positioning the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module inside the cigarette by adopting a cigarette burning and smoking temperature distribution detector and an automatic control method (patent No. 201010564689.2, which is the patent of the inventor), and aligning an imaging area of a cigarette paper image acquisition module to the opposite side of an area where a temperature sensor group in the temperature acquisition module is located.
(2) The method for detecting the temperature distribution in the cigarette smoking process (patent No. 201210060868.1, the inventor's patent) is adopted to sequentially acquire temperature data of different depths of the cigarette to obtain the temperature distribution data of the cigarette burning cone. The method for measuring the instantaneous burning rate in the process of smoking the cigarette (patent No. 201610713092.7, the inventor's patent) is adopted to calculate the instantaneous burning rate of the cut tobacco of the cigarette to obtain the burning rate of the cut tobacco.
(3) And (3) synchronously recording the images of the cigarette paper by a cigarette paper image acquisition module with the acquisition frequency of 60 Hz when the cigarette is burnt, and carrying out binarization processing on the images when the time interval between two adjacent images is 0.01 s. In the processed picture, the unburned part of the cigarette is white, the burning line part is black, and the burnt part consists of black, white and gray pixels with different degrees. Then, the pixels of the pictures are calibrated by using the length information of the cigarette paper in the image before the cigarette is ignited, the length of the cigarette paper part (white part) which is not combusted by the cigarette in each frame of picture can be obtained by calculation after the calibration, the length of the cigarette paper which is not combusted is obtained by subtracting the length of the cigarette paper of the non-combusted part from the total length of the cigarette paper, and the instantaneous burning rate of the cigarette paper can be obtained by dividing the difference value of the lengths of the cigarette paper which is combusted in two adjacent pictures by 0.01 s.
(4) Fig. 2 shows the instantaneous rate change of combustion of the cut tobacco of the cigarette, and fig. 3 shows the instantaneous rate change of combustion of the cigarette paper.
(5) Defining the burning rate V of cut tobacco of cigarette t And the burning rate V of the cigarette paper p The ratio of the tobacco shred to the cigarette paper is the combustion rate matching degree R of the tobacco shred and the cigarette paper.
The burning rate V includes, but is not limited to, an instantaneous burning rate during smoking of the cigarette, an arithmetic mean, an integral mean, etc. of the burning rate over a certain period of time (e.g., smoldering process, smoking process, etc.).
(6) When the test cigarette starts to suck (the moment is 0 s), the instantaneous burning rate of the tobacco shreds is 0.84 mm/s, the burning rate of the cigarette paper is 0.62 mm/s, and the matching degree of the instantaneous burning rate of the tobacco shreds and the instantaneous burning rate of the cigarette paper at 0s is 1.35 by calculation, which shows that the burning rate of the tobacco shreds at the moment is greater than that of the cigarette paper. In the smoldering stage, the average burning rate of the tobacco shreds is 0.14 mm/s, the average burning rate of the cigarette paper is 0.15 mm/s, and the matching degree of the burning rate of the tobacco shreds and the burning rate of the cigarette paper in the smoldering stage is calculated to be 0.93, which shows that the burning rate of the tobacco shreds is slightly less than that of the cigarette paper in the smoldering stage. In the smoking stage (0-2 s), the average burning rate of the tobacco shreds is 1.01 mm/s, the average burning rate of the cigarette paper is 1.05 mm/s, and the matching degree of the burning rate of the tobacco shreds and the burning rate of the cigarette paper in the smoking stage is 0.96, which shows that the burning rate of the tobacco shreds is slightly less than that of the cigarette paper. In the smoking period, the burning rate of the cut tobacco of the cigarette is 10.14 mm/60s, the burning rate of the cigarette paper is 10.8 mm/60s, and the matching degree is 0.94.
(7) In the smoking period, when the matching degree R is within the range of 0.9-1.1, the burning rate of the tobacco shreds of the cigarette is basically considered to be matched with the burning rate of the cigarette paper. Otherwise, when the combustion rates of the cut tobacco in the smoldering stage and the smoking stage of the cigarette are both smaller than the combustion rate of the cigarette paper and exceed a certain range in the smoking period of the cigarette, the phenomenon of end falling is easy to occur; on the contrary, when the burning rate of the cut tobacco in the smoldering stage and the smoking stage is larger than the burning rate of the cigarette paper and exceeds a certain range, the flameout phenomenon is easy to occur.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a synchronous testing arrangement of pipe tobacco and cigarette paper burning rate which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the cigarette holder, the suction gas circuit, the suction module, the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module, the cigarette paper image acquisition module and the data processing module;
the cigarette holder is communicated with the suction module through a suction air path; the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module and the cigarette paper image acquisition module are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the cigarette in the horizontal direction and are respectively connected with the data processing module; when the suction module starts suction, the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module and the cigarette paper image acquisition module start working.
2. The device for synchronously testing the burning rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature acquisition module comprises a high-speed acquisition card, a pre-punching needle set and a temperature sensor set.
3. The device for synchronously testing the burning rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the acquisition frequency of the high-speed acquisition card is more than or equal to 10 Hz.
4. The device for synchronously testing the burning rates of the cut tobacco and the cigarette paper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cigarette paper image acquisition module comprises a video camera and a camera, the acquisition frequency of the video camera and the acquisition frequency of the camera are more than or equal to 10 Hz, and the size of a single pixel is in a micron order.
5. A method for testing and evaluating the combustion rate matching degree of tobacco shreds and cigarette paper by utilizing the device of claims 1-4 comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) placing the cigarette to be detected on a cigarette holder;
2) accurately positioning the tobacco shred temperature acquisition module in the cigarette by adopting a patent No. 201010564689.2 cigarette burning and smoking temperature distribution detector and an automatic control method;
3) aligning an imaging area of the cigarette paper image acquisition module to the opposite side of an area where a temperature sensor group in the temperature acquisition module is located;
4) the method comprises the steps of calculating the instantaneous burning rate of tobacco shreds of the cigarette by adopting a patent No. 201210060868.1 'a detection method for temperature distribution in the cigarette smoking process' and a patent No. 201610713092.7 'a determination method for the instantaneous burning rate in the cigarette smoking process', and processing to obtain the arithmetic average value or the integral average value of the burning rate of the tobacco shreds within a certain time;
5) when the cigarette is burnt and smoked, synchronously recording an image of the cigarette paper through a cigarette paper image acquisition module, obtaining the instantaneous moving speed of the cigarette paper after image processing, and obtaining the arithmetic average or integral average of the burning speed of the cigarette paper within a certain time after the same processing;
6) defining the combustion rate V of cut tobacco of cigarette t And the burning rate V of the cigarette paper p The ratio of the tobacco shred to the cigarette paper is the combustion rate matching degree R of the tobacco shred and the cigarette paper,
Wherein, the burning rate V includes but is not limited to the instantaneous burning rate of the cigarette during burning and smoking, the arithmetic mean and the integral mean of the burning rate of the smoldering process and the smoking process in a certain time;
7) the matching degree R can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the burning rate of the tobacco shreds to the burning rate of the cigarette paper; when the matching degree R is more than 1, the burning rate of the tobacco shreds is more than that of the cigarette paper; when the matching degree R is less than 1, the burning rate of the tobacco shreds is less than that of the cigarette paper; in the smoking period, when the matching degree R of the cigarette paper is within the range of 0.9-1.1, the burning rate of the cigarette tobacco is basically considered to be matched with that of the cigarette paper, otherwise, the phenomena of head falling, flameout and the like are easy to occur.
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