CN115013194B - Zero emission system and method for ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Zero emission system and method for ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115013194B CN115013194B CN202210688069.2A CN202210688069A CN115013194B CN 115013194 B CN115013194 B CN 115013194B CN 202210688069 A CN202210688069 A CN 202210688069A CN 115013194 B CN115013194 B CN 115013194B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a zero emission system and method of a ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine, wherein the system comprises the internal combustion engine, an air inlet buffer tank, a heat regenerator, a cooler, a gas-liquid separator and low-pressure CO which are connected in sequence 2 Buffer tank, CO 2 Compressor, CO 2 Condenser, fuel preheater, liquid oxygen pump, LNG storage tank, liquid oxygen storage tank and liquid CO 2 And a storage tank. The invention takes LNG as fuel, oxygen and CO 2 Instead of burning air and natural gas and pushing the piston of the internal combustion engine to move, the water vapor in the exhaust gas discharged by the internal combustion engine is condensed and separated after being cooled, and CO2 circulating working medium with higher concentration is left, and CO is realized under the action of liquid oxygen and LNG cold energy 2 The invention realizes the recovery of exhaust waste heat of the internal combustion engine and higher system heat efficiency by using the method of exhaust gas recirculation, and realizes CO2 trapping and zero emission of gas pollutants by using clean fuel LNG and liquid oxygen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of large internal combustion engines and CO 2 The technical field of trapping, in particular to a zero emission system and method for a ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine.
Background
The traditional internal combustion engine uses oil to realize expansion work with air in a cylinder, and the unavoidable production of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and the like in the combustion process generates, and the generated high-temperature waste gas is directly discharged to cause a great deal of heat energy waste and CO 2 And (5) discharging. 2021 only global marine shipping industry CO 2 The total emission amount reaches 8.3 hundred million tons, and less than 50 percent of the heat generated by combustion of a high-performance low-speed diesel engine is used for propulsion, and more than 50 percent of the heat is slippedThe oil, the cylinder liner water, the waste gas and the like are taken away to generate a huge amount of CO 2 Emissions and heat loss problems.
The invention patent CN102003305A discloses an integral scheme of a liquid oxygen carbon fixation zero emission internal combustion engine, but lacks CO 2 The design, practicality and economical analysis of the trapping device are carried out, in addition, the invention still uses fuel oil as the unavoidable pollutants such as sulfur oxides, lead dust, smoke dust particles and the like of the fuel of the internal combustion engine, and the invention patent provides a corresponding solution. The invention patent CN102635469A discloses an oxygen-enriched combustion and liquid oxygen carbon fixation system of an internal combustion engine and a working method thereof, wherein tail gas generated by the internal combustion engine is cooled and then fed into CO 2 Trapping device for trapping CO by utilizing cold energy of liquid oxygen 2 Converted into dry ice. However, patent CN102635469a also mentions sulfur oxide and soot particulate treatment method and CO 2 Energy consumption analysis and CO (carbon monoxide) of trapping device 2 The trapping device needs to perform oxidation and reduction cyclic operation on chemical components such as adsorbent and the like so as to realize CO 2 Absorbs and releases a great deal of energy loss, and uses the boiler flue gas CO of the coal-fired power plant 2 Capture device as an example, CO 2 Trapping 70% will result in a 10% drop in thermal efficiency of the plant.
At present, the efficiency of the traditional internal combustion engine is difficult to break through greatly, and the generated pollutants are unavoidable. With the determination of carbon peaks and carbon neutralization targets, the traditional internal combustion engines face phase-out, so green manufacturing and remanufacturing of the internal combustion engines are imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
For the prior art internal combustion engine CO 2 、NO X 、SO X The invention provides a zero emission system of a ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine, which takes LNG and liquid oxygen as fuel and CO 2 Replace air to push the piston to move, thereby fundamentally avoiding NO X With SO X Generating, only CO in exhaust gas 2 With a small amount of H 2 O, exhaust gas cooling H 2 O is condensed and then separated, and redundant CO is generated by combustion 2 Is liquefied, the invention can realize higher heat efficiency and simultaneouslyRealization of CO 2 Zero emission of gas pollutants. In addition, the invention also provides a zero emission method of the ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a zero emission system of a ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine, which comprises an internal combustion engine, an air inlet buffer tank, a regenerator, a cooler, a gas-liquid separator and low-pressure CO 2 Buffer tank, CO 2 Compressor, CO 2 Condenser, fuel preheater, liquid oxygen pump, LNG storage tank, liquid oxygen storage tank and liquid CO 2 A storage tank;
the heat regenerator is provided with an H3 exhaust side inlet, an H3 exhaust side outlet and an H3-CO 2 Side inlet, H3-CO 2 A side outlet; the cooler is provided with an H4 exhaust side inlet, an H4 exhaust side outlet, an H4 cooling water side inlet and an H4 cooling water side outlet; the CO 2 The condenser is provided with H8-CO 2 Side inlet, H8-CO 2 A gas exhaust side outlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H8-LNG side inlet, and an H8-LNG side outlet; the fuel preheater is provided with an H9 exhaust side inlet, an H9 exhaust side outlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H9-LNG side inlet and an H9-LNG side outlet;
the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine is connected with the H3 exhaust side inlet of the heat regenerator, the H3 exhaust side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the H9 exhaust side inlet of the fuel preheater, the H9 exhaust side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the H4 exhaust side inlet of the cooler, the H4 exhaust side outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with low-pressure CO 2 The inlet of the buffer tank is connected, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve, and the low-pressure CO 2 Outlet of buffer tank and CO 2 The inlet of the compressor is connected; the CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side inlet is connected with CO through a three-way valve 2 Compressor outlet connection, said CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side outlet and liquid CO 2 The inlet of the tank is connected;
the LNG tank is connected with an inlet of an LNG pump, and an outlet of the LNG pump is connected with CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser is connected; the liquid oxygen tank is connected with an inlet of a liquid oxygen pump, and an outlet of the LNG pump is connected with CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser is connected; the CO 2 The H8-LNG side outlet of the condenser is connected with the H9-LNG side inlet of the fuel preheater, and the CO 2 The H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser is connected with the H9 liquid oxygen side inlet of the fuel preheater;
the CO 2 The outlet of the compressor is connected with H3-CO of the heat regenerator through a three-way valve 2 Side inlet connection, H3-CO of the heat regenerator 2 The side outlet is connected with the inlet of an air inlet buffer tank, and the outlet of the air inlet buffer tank is connected with an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine; the H9 liquid oxygen side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine, and the H9-LNG side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine.
As a preferable technical scheme, the heat regenerator H3-CO 2 CO at side outlet 2 Working medium flow and CO needed by air intake of internal combustion engine 2 Flow is proportional to, the CO 2 The oxygen flow rate of the H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser and the natural gas flow rate of the H8-LNG side outlet are directly proportional to the fuel flow rate required by the internal combustion engine, and the CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side inlet CO 2 Gas flow and CO generated by combustion of internal combustion engine 2 The flow is proportional.
As a preferable technical scheme, the liquid oxygen pump and the LNG pump are low-pressure booster pressure pumps, and the CO 2 The compressor is a low pressure booster compressor.
As a preferable technical scheme, the internal combustion engine comprises an air inlet channel, an air outlet channel, an ignition plug, an internal combustion engine cavity and a piston, wherein the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are arranged on the upper part of the internal combustion engine cavity and are communicated with the internal combustion engine cavity, the piston is arranged in the internal combustion engine cavity and moves up and down in the internal combustion engine cavity under the action of air pressure, and the ignition plug is arranged between the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel.
As a preferable technical scheme, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the air inlet channel.
As a preferred embodiment, the intake pressure of the internal combustion engine is controlled by a hydraulic pump, an LNG pump, or CO 2 The compressor is regulated.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a zero emission method for a marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine, the zero emission system for a marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine comprising the steps of: LNG and liquid oxygen respectively enter CO after being pressurized by an LNG pump and a liquid oxygen pump 2 The condenser will be gaseous CO 2 Condensing, then entering the fuel preheater to become natural gas and oxygen at normal temperature, spraying the natural gas and oxygen into an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine according to a certain proportion, and simultaneously, introducing CO from an air inlet buffer tank 2 Flows into an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine, and under the action of the ignition plug, natural gas and CO doped with oxygen are mixed 2 The exhaust gas is burnt in the cavity of the internal combustion engine to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas to push the piston, and the discharged exhaust gas enters the heat regenerator through the exhaust channel to heat CO 2 One of the CO of the compressor 2 Then enters a fuel preheater, the fuel is cooled to normal temperature in a cooler after being heated, and H in the waste gas 2 O is condensed under the action of cooling water and is separated in a gas-liquid separator, and CO in waste gas 2 Gas entry into low pressure CO 2 Buffer tank, through CO 2 After the compressor is pressurized, CO 2 The gas is divided into two parts, one part enters a heat regenerator to be used as a recycling working medium, and the other part is CO 2 The gas flows into CO 2 Condensed in the condenser and then recovered.
As a preferred embodiment, the intake passage of the internal combustion engine is CO 2 The flow of the oxygen and natural gas components is regulated by a liquid oxygen pump and an LNG pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) The invention realizes zero pollutant emission and full utilization of fuel, and uses LNG and liquid oxygen as fuel and CO 2 As a circulating working medium, only water and CO are produced in the combustion process of the internal combustion engine 2 Generates, fundamentally avoids the pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, solid small particles and the likeAnd (5) generating. The total amount of oxygen in the air in the cylinder of the traditional internal combustion engine is only about 21 percent, which causes insufficient fuel combustion, while the invention uses pure oxygen and a recirculating medium CO 2 Instead of air, the pure oxygen ratio can be adjusted as required, so that the full combustion of LNG fuel can be realized, and the use efficiency of the fuel is improved.
(2) The invention realizes CO 2 The invention recycles the high-temperature exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, recovers the waste heat of the exhaust gas, simultaneously separates and discharges the redundant water generated by combustion, and generates redundant CO by utilizing the cold energy of LNG and liquid oxygen 2 Liquefied and then stored. Through preliminary calculation and analysis, the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine exceeds 60 percent, and simultaneously realizes CO 2 Is not discharged.
(3) The system of the invention has compact structure, wide application range and CO relative to air 2 The constant pressure specific heat and density are larger, the kinematic viscosity is small, and the chemical property is stable, so that the various heat exchangers are compact in structure and small in volume, the occupied space for system installation is reduced, and the constant pressure heat exchanger can be applied to large-scale heavy-duty vehicles, ships and other vehicles.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a zero emission system of an exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine of a marine vessel according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an internal combustion engine in the zero emission system of the marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals specifically explain as follows: internal combustion engine 1, intake buffer tank 2, regenerator 3, cooler 4, gas-liquid separator 5, low-pressure CO 2 Buffer tank 6, CO 2 Compressor 7, CO 2 A condenser 8, a fuel preheater 9, a liquid oxygen pump 10,LNG pump 11, LNG storage tank 12, liquid oxygen storage tank 13, liquid CO 2 Tank 14, intake passage 1-1, solenoid valve 1-2, ignition plug 1-3, exhaust passage 1-4, internal combustion engine cavity 1-5, piston 1-6.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission system, which comprises an internal combustion engine 1, an intake buffer tank 2, a regenerator 3, a cooler 4, a gas-liquid separator 5, and low-pressure CO 2 Buffer tank 6, CO 2 Compressor 7, CO 2 Condenser 8, fuel preheater 9, liquid oxygen pump 10, LNG pump 11, LNG storage tank 12, liquid oxygen storage tank 13 and liquid CO 2 Canister 14 and associated valve member; the heat regenerator 3 is provided with an H3 exhaust side inlet, an H3 exhaust side outlet and an H3-CO 2 Side inlet and H3-CO 2 A side outlet; the cooler 4 is provided with an H4 exhaust side inlet, an H4 exhaust side outlet, an H4 cooling water side inlet and an H3 cooling water side outlet; the CO 2 The condenser 8 is provided with H8-CO 2 Side inlet, H8-CO 2 A vent side outlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H8-LNG side inlet, and an H8-LNG side outlet; the fuel preheater 9 is provided with an H9 exhaust side inlet, an H9 exhaust side outlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H9-LNG side inlet, and an H9-LNG side outlet.
The exhaust port of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected with an H3 exhaust side inlet of the heat regenerator 3, and an H3 exhaust side outlet of the heat regenerator 3 is connected with an H9 exhaust side inlet of the fuel preheater 9; the H9 exhaust side outlet of the fuel preheater 9 is connected with the H4 exhaust side inlet of the cooler 4, and the H of the cooler 4The outlet of the exhaust side is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with low-pressure CO 2 The inlet of the buffer tank 6 is connected, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 is connected with a drain valve, and the low-pressure CO 2 Outlet of buffer tank 6 and CO 2 The inlet of the compressor 7 is connected; the CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 8 2 Side inlet is connected with CO through a three-way valve 2 Compressor 7 outlet connection, said CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 8 2 Side outlet and liquid CO 2 The inlet of the tank is connected.
The LNG tank 12 is connected to an inlet of an LNG pump 11, and an outlet of the LNG pump 11 is connected to CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser 8 is connected; the liquid oxygen tank 13 is connected with the inlet of the liquid oxygen pump 10, and the outlet of the LNG pump 11 is connected with CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser 8 is connected; the CO 2 The H8-LNG side outlet of the condenser 8 is connected with the H9-LNG side inlet of the fuel preheater 9, the CO 2 The H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser 8 is connected to the H9 liquid oxygen side inlet of the fuel preheater 9.
The CO mentioned above 2 The outlet of the compressor 7 is communicated with H3-CO of the heat regenerator 3 through a three-way valve 2 Side inlet connection, H3-CO of the heat regenerator 3 2 The side outlet is connected with the inlet of the air inlet buffer tank 2, and the outlet of the air inlet buffer tank 2 is connected with an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine 1; the H9 liquid oxygen side outlet of the fuel preheater 9 is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine 1, and the H9-LNG side outlet of the fuel preheater 9 is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine 1.
The regenerator 3 uses exhaust gas waste heat of the internal combustion engine 1 to heat CO 2 Circulating working medium and H3-CO of heat regenerator 3 2 CO at side outlet 2 The flow rate of the working medium depends on the flow rate of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1; the fuel preheater 9 uses the exhaust gas waste heat of the internal combustion engine 1 to preheat the exhaust gas waste heat from the CO 2 Oxygen at H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of condenser 8 and natural gas at H8-LNG side outlet, CO 2 The oxygen flow rate at the H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser 8 and the natural gas flow rate at the H8-LNG side outlet depend on the fuel flow rate required by the internal combustion engine 1; the CO 2 The condenser 8 is used to condense the CO 2 Part of the gas CO at the outlet of the compressor 7 2 ，CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 8 2 Side inlet CO 2 The gas flow rate depends on the CO produced by combustion of the internal combustion engine 1 2 Flow rate.
The liquid oxygen pump 10 and the LNG pump 11 are low-pressure booster pumps, and the CO 2 The compressor 7 is a low-pressure booster compressor; the liquid oxygen pump 10 increases the LNG pressure at the outlet of the LNG tank 12 to the intake passage specification pressure of the internal combustion engine 1, the LNG pump 11 increases the liquid oxygen pressure at the outlet of the liquid oxygen tank 13 to the intake passage specification pressure of the internal combustion engine 1, and the CO 2 The compressor 7 will be low pressure CO 2 CO of buffer tank 6 2 The working medium is increased to the designated pressure of the air inlet buffer tank 2.
The internal combustion engine 1 comprises an air inlet channel 1-1, an air outlet channel 1-4, an ignition plug 1-3, an internal combustion engine cavity 1-5 and a piston 1-6, wherein the air inlet channel 1-1 and the air outlet channel 1-4 are arranged at the upper part of the internal combustion engine cavity 1-5 and are communicated with the internal combustion engine cavity 1-5, the piston 1-6 is arranged in the internal combustion engine cavity 1-5 and moves up and down in the internal combustion engine cavity 1-5 under the action of air pressure, the ignition plug 1-3 is arranged between the air inlet channel 1-1 and the air outlet channel 1-4, and an electromagnetic valve 1-2 is arranged on the air inlet channel 1-1. The pressure of the intake passage 1-1 of the internal combustion engine 1 is controlled by the liquid oxygen pump 10, the LNG pump 11 and CO 2 The compressor 7 outlet pressure is regulated.
Exhaust gas recirculation is to first condense a small portion of the water vapor in the exhaust gas while another portion of the exhaust gas components are primarily CO 2 And CO 2 The waste heat of the waste gas of the internal combustion engine 1 is absorbed as a circulating working medium and then enters the air inlet buffer tank 2, so that the full utilization of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine and the improvement of the heat efficiency of the system are realized. CO in the intake of an internal combustion engine 1 2 The oxygen and natural gas components can be regulated by the flow rates of the liquid oxygen pump 10 and the LNG pump 11 according to the combustion requirements. A small part of CO in the exhaust gas 2 Is liquefied under the action of cold energy of liquid oxygen and LNG and stored in liquid CO 2 In tank 14, thereby effecting CO 2 Is included in the collection of the liquid. LNG and liquid oxygen refer to LNG and liquid oxygen with low nitrogen component content, and the LNG and liquid oxygen are used for realizing the emission of nearly nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and solid small particles of the internal combustion engine.
This practice isThe embodiment also provides a zero emission method of the ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine, comprising the following steps of: LNG and liquid oxygen are pressurized by a pump and then enter CO 2 Condenser 8 supplies gas CO 2 Condensing, then entering a fuel preheater 9 to become natural gas and oxygen above normal temperature, spraying the natural gas and the oxygen into an air inlet channel 1-1 of an internal combustion engine 1 according to a certain proportion under the control of an electromagnetic valve 1-2, and simultaneously, introducing CO from an air inlet buffer tank 2 2 Flows into an intake passage 1-1 of an internal combustion engine 1. Under the action of ignition plugs 1-3, natural gas and CO doped with oxygen 2 The high-temperature high-pressure gas generated by combustion in the cavity 1-5 of the internal combustion engine pushes the piston 1-6, and the discharged waste gas enters the heat regenerator 3 through the exhaust passage 1-4 to heat CO 2 One of the CO of the compressor 2 Then, the fuel enters the fuel preheater 9 to heat the fuel, and then enters the cooler 4 to cool to normal temperature. The exhaust gas mainly contains CO 2 With a small amount of H 2 O, H in exhaust gas 2 O is condensed by the cooling water and separated in the gas-liquid separator. CO in exhaust gas 2 The gas enters low-pressure CO 2 Buffer tank 6, through CO 2 After the compressor is pressurized, CO 2 The gas is divided into two parts, one part enters the heat regenerator 3 to be used as a recycling working medium, and the other part is CO 2 The gas flows into CO 2 Is condensed and then recovered in the condenser 8 to realize CO 2 Is trapped and zero discharged.
The system can be applied to occasions such as portable power generation devices, ship hosts, large industrial vehicles, transport vehicles and the like; at the same time, as an economic gas, the recovered CO 2 Can be recycled and can be used in the fields of chemical production raw materials, driving petroleum exploitation, sealing and storage, refrigeration and the like.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail and with reference to the present invention, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Zero-emission internal combustion engine for ship exhaust gas recirculationAn exhaust system is characterized by comprising an internal combustion engine, an air inlet buffer tank, a heat regenerator, a cooler, a gas-liquid separator and low-pressure CO 2 Buffer tank, CO 2 Compressor, CO 2 Condenser, fuel preheater, liquid oxygen pump, LNG storage tank, liquid oxygen storage tank and liquid CO 2 A storage tank;
the heat regenerator is provided with an H3 exhaust side inlet, an H3 exhaust side outlet and an H3-CO 2 Side inlet, H3-CO 2 A side outlet; the cooler is provided with an H4 exhaust side inlet, an H4 exhaust side outlet, an H4 cooling water side inlet and an H4 cooling water side outlet; the CO 2 The condenser is provided with H8-CO 2 Side inlet, H8-CO 2 A gas exhaust side outlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H8 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H8-LNG side inlet, and an H8-LNG side outlet; the fuel preheater is provided with an H9 exhaust side inlet, an H9 exhaust side outlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side inlet, an H9 liquid oxygen side outlet, an H9-LNG side inlet and an H9-LNG side outlet;
the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine is connected with the H3 exhaust side inlet of the heat regenerator, the H3 exhaust side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the H9 exhaust side inlet of the fuel preheater, the H9 exhaust side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the H4 exhaust side inlet of the cooler, the H4 exhaust side outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with low-pressure CO 2 The inlet of the buffer tank is connected, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the drain valve, and the low-pressure CO 2 Outlet of buffer tank and CO 2 The inlet of the compressor is connected; the CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side inlet is connected with CO through a three-way valve 2 Compressor outlet connection, said CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side outlet and liquid CO 2 The inlet of the tank is connected;
the LNG storage tank is connected with an inlet of the LNG pump, and an outlet of the LNG pump is connected with CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser is connected; the liquid oxygen storage tank is connected with an inlet of the liquid oxygen pump, and an outlet of the LNG pump is connected with CO 2 The H8-LNG side inlet of the condenser is connected; the CO 2 The H8-LNG side outlet of the condenser is connected with the H9-LNG side inlet of the fuel preheater,the CO 2 The H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser is connected with the H9 liquid oxygen side inlet of the fuel preheater;
the CO 2 The outlet of the compressor is connected with H3-CO of the heat regenerator through a three-way valve 2 Side inlet connection, H3-CO of the heat regenerator 2 The side outlet is connected with the inlet of an air inlet buffer tank, and the outlet of the air inlet buffer tank is connected with an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine; the H9 liquid oxygen side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine, and the H9-LNG side outlet of the fuel preheater is connected with the air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine.
2. A marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission system according to claim 1, wherein said regenerator H3-CO 2 CO at side outlet 2 The flow rate of the working medium is equal to CO required by air intake of the internal combustion engine 2 Flow rate of the CO 2 The oxygen flow rate of the H8 liquid oxygen side outlet of the condenser and the natural gas flow rate of the H8-LNG side outlet are directly proportional to the fuel flow rate required by the internal combustion engine, and the CO 2 H8-CO of condenser 2 Side inlet CO 2 Gas flow and CO generated by combustion of internal combustion engine 2 The flow is proportional.
3. The zero emission system of marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein said liquid oxygen pump and said LNG pump are low pressure boost pressure pumps and said CO 2 The compressor is a low pressure booster compressor.
4. The marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission system according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine comprises an intake passage, an exhaust passage, an ignition plug, an internal combustion engine chamber, and a piston, the intake passage and the exhaust passage are provided at an upper portion of the internal combustion engine chamber and communicate with the internal combustion engine chamber, the piston is provided in the internal combustion engine chamber and moves up and down in the internal combustion engine chamber by an air pressure, and the ignition plug is provided between the intake passage and the exhaust passage.
5. A marine exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission system according to claim 1, wherein a solenoid valve is provided in the intake passage.
6. A marine exhaust gas recirculation combustion engine zero emission system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pressure of the combustion engine is controlled by a hydraulic pump, LNG pump, CO 2 The compressor is regulated.
7. A ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission method according to claim 1, employing the ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of: LNG and liquid oxygen respectively enter CO after being pressurized by an LNG pump and a liquid oxygen pump 2 The condenser will be gaseous CO 2 Condensing, then entering the fuel preheater to become natural gas and oxygen at normal temperature, spraying the natural gas and oxygen into an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine according to a certain proportion, and simultaneously, introducing CO from an air inlet buffer tank 2 Flows into an air inlet channel of the internal combustion engine, and under the action of the ignition plug, natural gas and CO doped with oxygen are mixed 2 The exhaust gas is burnt in the cavity of the internal combustion engine to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas to push the piston, and the discharged exhaust gas enters the heat regenerator through the exhaust channel to heat CO 2 One of the CO of the compressor 2 Then enters a fuel preheater, the fuel is cooled to normal temperature in a cooler after being heated, and H in the waste gas 2 O is condensed under the action of cooling water and is separated in a gas-liquid separator, and CO in waste gas 2 Gas entry into low pressure CO 2 Buffer tank, through CO 2 After the compressor is pressurized, CO 2 The gas is divided into two parts, one part enters a heat regenerator to be used as a recycling working medium, and the other part is CO 2 The gas flows into CO 2 Condensed in the condenser and then recovered.
8. A ship exhaust gas recirculation internal combustion engine zero emission method according to claim 7, characterized in that CO in the intake passage of the internal combustion engine 2 Oxygen, natural gas compositionFlow regulation is performed by a liquid oxygen pump and an LNG pump.
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| CN117703573B (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-07-19 | 扬州澳美智能科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment system for catalytic reduction of tail gas of internal combustion engine and operation method |
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