CN115011999A - High-precision active pressure control method for alkaline water electrolytic cell - Google Patents

High-precision active pressure control method for alkaline water electrolytic cell Download PDF

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CN115011999A
CN115011999A CN202210589386.9A CN202210589386A CN115011999A CN 115011999 A CN115011999 A CN 115011999A CN 202210589386 A CN202210589386 A CN 202210589386A CN 115011999 A CN115011999 A CN 115011999A
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pressure
electrolytic cell
regulating valve
input power
external input
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CN115011999B (en
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张存满
张在尊
金黎明
耿振
吕洪
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Tongji University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell, which comprises the following steps: acquiring external input power of the electrolytic cell and real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell under a fluctuation working condition; determining the power range of the external input power, determining a pressure set value according to the power range of the external input power, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell to the pressure set value; and if the external input power is increased or decreased, determining the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve which needs to be changed according to the power change value, and gradually increasing or decreasing the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve. Compared with the prior art, the invention determines the pressure set value to perform coarse adjustment on the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve by acquiring the external input power in real time, performs fine adjustment on the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve according to the increase and decrease of the external input power, and adopts two different pressure regulating valves with high precision, large flow and low precision, thereby being capable of adapting to the pressure change under different fluctuation working conditions and meeting the requirement of pressure stability.

Description

High-precision active pressure control method for alkaline water electrolytic cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell.
Background
The hydrogen is produced by utilizing renewable energy sources, for example, the electricity generated by the renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like is utilized to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, so that the electricity resource can be saved, the energy utilization structure of the traditional hydrogen production by electrolyzing water is optimized, and the large-scale hydrogen production is realized. The alkaline water electrolyzer is the most mature electrolyzer applied to industrial water electrolysis and is a key device of a renewable energy source water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. However, when the power generated by new energy sources such as wind and light is used as the input of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment to carry out water electrolysis hydrogen production, the input current has the characteristics of fluctuation and intermittence, namely, fluctuation working conditions can occur, the response force of the traditional water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment under the fluctuation working conditions is insufficient, and the design of the traditional electrolytic cell still lacks the consideration of the fluctuation working conditions.
Generally, the pressure of the conventional alkaline electrolytic cell is controlled by a single gas pressure regulating valve on the hydrogen side and a single gas pressure regulating valve on the oxygen side, and the pressure in the electrolytic cell is monitored by a pressure sensor. However, under the fluctuation working condition, the production rate of hydrogen fluctuates along with the input power, the gas production rates of the hydrogen side and the oxygen side are different, the pressure on the two sides of hydrogen and oxygen fluctuates under the fluctuation working condition, the pressure stability under various fluctuation working conditions cannot be met due to the limited precision of a single gas regulating valve, the hydrogen production efficiency, the hydrogen quality and the safety of a hydrogen production device are affected, the operation cost of the electrolytic cell is increased, and the service life of equipment is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell, which determines the pressure set value to perform coarse adjustment on the opening degree of a pressure regulating valve by acquiring external input power in real time, performs fine adjustment on the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve according to the increase and decrease of the external input power, and adopts two different pressure regulating valves with high precision, large flow and low precision and small flow, so that the method can adapt to pressure changes under different fluctuation working conditions and meet the requirement of pressure stability.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell is realized based on a high-precision pressure control system, wherein the high-precision pressure control system comprises a control unit, pressure sensors and pressure regulating valves, the control unit is connected with the pressure sensors and the pressure regulating valves, and the two groups of pressure sensors are respectively connected with a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell and used for measuring pressure data in the electrolytic cell; the pressure regulating valves are provided with two groups, are respectively arranged at a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell and are used for regulating the pressure in the electrolytic cell, each group of pressure regulating valves comprises a large-flow regulating valve and a small-flow regulating valve, and the large-flow regulating valves and the small-flow regulating valves are connected in parallel;
specifically, the high-precision active pressure control method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring external input power of the electrolytic cell and real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell under a fluctuation working condition;
s2, determining the power range of the external input power, determining a pressure set value according to the power range of the external input power, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell to the pressure set value;
and S3, if the external input power is increased, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, gradually increasing the opening of the pressure regulating valve, if the external input power is reduced, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, and gradually reducing the opening of the pressure regulating valve.
Preferably, in step S2, a plurality of power ranges are preset, and a corresponding pressure set value is preset for each power range.
Preferably, the rated input power of the electrolytic cell is X0, the operating range is 0.3X 0-1.2X 0, the rated operating pressure of the electrolytic cell under the rated power X0 is P0, the external input power X1 is obtained, if 0.3X0 is not more than X1 is not more than 0.5X0, the pressure set value P1 is 0.5P0, if 0.5X0< X1 is not more than 0.8X0, the pressure set value P1 is 0.75P0, and if 0.8X0< X1 is not more than 1.2X0, the pressure set value P1 is P0.
Preferably, the external input power X1 is obtained, and when the power is more than or equal to 0.3X0 and less than or equal to X1 and less than or equal to 0.5X0, the pressure is adjusted by using a small flow regulating valve; when the pressure is more than 0.5X0 and less than or equal to 0.8X0 and X1, the pressure is adjusted by using a large-flow adjusting valve; when the pressure is 0.8X0 and X1 is less than or equal to 1.2X0, the large flow regulating valve and the small flow regulating valve work simultaneously to regulate the pressure.
Preferably, in step S3, the gas variation includes a hydrogen variation and an oxygen variation, and the hydrogen variation Δ H 2 And oxygen change amount Δ O 2 Satisfies the following relationship with the current change amount Δ I:
Figure BDA0003664456830000021
ΔO 2 ＝ΔI/(4F)
wherein, Δ H 2 And Δ O 2 Has the unit of (1) being mol/s, F being the Faraday coefficient and the value of 96500C/mol.
Preferably, the high-precision pressure control system further comprises two groups of pressure retaining valves, wherein the two groups of pressure retaining valves are respectively arranged at the hydrogen side outlet and the oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell and are used for retaining the pressure inside the electrolytic cell.
Preferably, the large flow regulating valve and the small flow regulating valve are electromagnetic regulating valves.
Preferably, the control unit is connected with the pressure sensor and the pressure regulating valve through signal data lines.
Preferably, the control unit comprises a data acquisition module, an operation module and an execution module; the data acquisition module is connected with an external input power supply and a pressure sensor of the electrolytic cell and is used for acquiring the external input power of the electrolytic cell and the real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell; the operation module is connected with the data acquisition module and the execution module and is used for calculating the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the external input power and the real-time pressure; the execution module is connected with the pressure regulating valve and used for controlling the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the output of the operation module.
Preferably, the high-precision pressure control system further comprises an alarm, and the alarm is connected with the control unit and used for sending out an alarm signal.
Preferably, the alarm comprises a buzzer and an LED lamp.
Preferably, the high-precision pressure control system further comprises a display screen, and the display screen is connected with the control unit.
Preferably, the display screen is a touch display screen.
Preferably, the display screen is connected with the control unit through a signal data line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the external input power can change under the fluctuation working condition to cause pressure fluctuation, so the pressure set value is determined according to the power interval of the external input power, the internal pressure of the electrolytic cell is initially stabilized, the pressure of the electrolytic cell is adjusted in real time according to the increase or decrease of the external input power, the electrolytic cell can be maintained to work in the optimal pressure interval, the dynamic working condition is adapted, the efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved, hydrogen and oxygen mixing caused by unbalanced pressure in the electrolytic cell is avoided, and the stability and the safety of the electrolytic cell are improved.
(2) A set of pressure regulating valve includes large-traffic governing valve and low discharge regulating valve, adopts the large-traffic and low two kinds of different pressure regulating valves of low discharge of high accuracy, and large-traffic governing valve is used for stabilizing pressure, and low discharge regulating valve is used for accurate control pressure scope, can provide multiple pressure control tactics to can adapt to the pressure variation under the different undulant operating modes, satisfy the stable demand of pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolyzer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high precision pressure control system;
reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a control unit, 2, a pressure sensor, 3, a large-flow regulating valve, 4, a small-flow regulating valve, 5, a pressure retaining valve, 6 and an electrolytic cell.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. Parts are exaggerated in the drawing where appropriate for clarity of illustration.
Example 1:
a high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell is realized based on a high-precision pressure control system, as shown in figure 2, the high-precision pressure control system comprises a control unit 1, a pressure sensor 2, a pressure retaining valve 5 and a pressure regulating valve, wherein the control unit 1 is connected with the pressure sensor 2 and the pressure regulating valve, and the control unit 1 is also connected with an external power supply so as to obtain external input power;
wherein, the pressure sensors 2 are provided with two groups which are respectively connected with a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell 6 and are used for measuring the pressure data in the electrolytic cell 6; the two groups of pressure maintaining valves 5 are respectively arranged at a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell 6 and are used for maintaining the pressure in the electrolytic cell 6; the pressure regulating valves are provided with two groups, are respectively arranged at the hydrogen side outlet and the oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell 6 and are used for regulating the pressure inside the electrolytic cell 6, each group of pressure regulating valves comprises a large-flow regulating valve 3 and a small-flow regulating valve 4, and the large-flow regulating valve 3 is connected with the small-flow regulating valve 4 in parallel.
During the operation of the electrolytic cell 6, the external input power determines the current in the electrolytic cell 6, which in turn determines the gas production. The complex fluctuation working condition is brought after new energy is quoted as an external input power supply, the gas production rate is large in a high power interval, the gas production rate is small in a low power interval, the pressure fluctuation brought by external input power fluctuation is matched, the requirement of pressure stability is met, the high-precision pressure control system is designed, a group of pressure regulating valves comprise a large-flow regulating valve 3 and a small-flow regulating valve 4, two different pressure regulating valves with high-precision large flow and low-precision small flow are adopted, the large-flow regulating valve 3 is used for stabilizing the pressure, the small-flow regulating valve 4 is used for accurately controlling the pressure range, the small-flow regulating valve and the small-flow regulating valve can be used independently and can also be matched, so that the pressure control system can adapt to the pressure change under different fluctuation working conditions, and the requirement of pressure stability is met.
In this embodiment, the control unit 1 is connected to the pressure sensor 2 and the pressure regulating valve via signal data lines. The large flow regulating valve 3 and the small flow regulating valve 4 are electromagnetic regulating valves and are easy to control.
Specifically, the control unit 1 comprises a data acquisition module, an operation module and an execution module; the data acquisition module is connected with an external input power supply of the electrolytic cell 6 and the pressure sensor 2 and is used for acquiring the external input power of the electrolytic cell 6 and the real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell 6; the operation module is connected with the data acquisition module and the execution module and is used for calculating the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the external input power and the real-time pressure; the execution module is connected with the pressure regulating valve and used for controlling the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the output of the operation module. The control unit 1 can determine a proper pressure value, the opening of the pressure regulating valve is controlled by utilizing PID control logic, the high-flow regulating valve 3 with low precision is mainly used for stabilizing the pressure of the water electrolyzer, and the low-flow regulating valve 4 with high precision is used for accurately controlling the pressure range.
In addition, in order to further optimize the pressure control system of the electrolytic cell 6, in this embodiment, the pressure control system further includes an alarm, and the alarm is connected with the control unit 1 and used for sending an alarm signal, and can give an alarm under abnormal conditions such as overhigh pressure, overlow pressure, overhigh external input power, overlow external input power, and the like, and prompt a worker to perform processing. The alarm comprises a buzzer and an LED lamp and can send out audible and visual alarm signals. The pressure control system further comprises a display screen, the display screen is connected with the control unit 1, and the display screen is a touch display screen and is connected with the control unit 1 through a signal data line. Through the display screen, parameters such as external input power, the pressure in the electrolytic cell 6, the valve opening degree of the pressure regulating valve, the hydrogen and oxygen gas production rate and the like can be visualized, and the monitoring of the operation condition of the electrolytic cell 6 by workers is facilitated.
In order to keep the gas pressure of the electrolytic cell stable under different working conditions, and improve the control precision of the gas pressure while the gas pressure of the electrolytic cell is stable, so as to improve the safety and efficiency of hydrogen production, based on the high-precision pressure control system described above, the application provides a high-precision active pressure control method, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the high-precision active pressure control method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring external input power of the electrolytic cell and real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell under a fluctuation working condition;
s2, determining the power range of the external input power, determining a pressure set value according to the power range of the external input power, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell to the pressure set value;
and S3, if the external input power is increased, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, gradually increasing the opening of the pressure regulating valve, if the external input power is reduced, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, and gradually reducing the opening of the pressure regulating valve.
Since the external input power may change at any time under the fluctuation condition, the external input power and the real-time pressure of the electrolytic cell are monitored in real time during the execution of the method, and once the external input power changes and is not within the originally determined power range, the step S2 is immediately executed again to realize the real-time pressure control.
In step S2, a plurality of power ranges are preset, and a corresponding pressure setting value is preset for each power range. When the electrolytic cell works in a high-power interval, setting a larger pressure in the electrolytic cell, wherein the gas flow is larger, starting a large-flow regulating valve with a large flow range, increasing the pressure of the electrolytic cell to a set value, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell near the set value through a control unit; when the electrolytic cell works in a low-power interval, setting a smaller pressure in the electrolytic cell, starting a small flow regulating valve with a small flow range when the gas flow is smaller, firstly reducing the pressure of the electrolytic cell to a set value, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell near the set value through a control unit.
As a preferred implementation, in this embodiment, 3 power ranges are set, and the pressure setting values corresponding to the power ranges are determined respectively as follows:
the rated input power of the electrolytic cell is X0, the working range is 0.3X 0-1.2X 0, the rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell under the rated power X0 is P0, the external input power X1 is obtained, if the rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell under the rated power X0 is not less than 0.3X0 and not more than X1 and not more than 0.5X0, the pressure set value P1 is 0.5P0, if 0.5X0< X1 and not more than 0.8X0, the pressure set value P1 is 0.75P0, and if 0.8X0< X1 and not more than 1.2X0, the pressure set value P1 is P0.
Further, the pressure in the electrolytic cell is stabilized around a pressure set value through a pressure regulating valve, specifically, when the pressure is more than or equal to 0.3X0 and less than or equal to X1 and less than or equal to 0.5X0, namely the electrolytic cell works in a low-power interval, the current is small, the generated gas change is small, the pressure is regulated by using the small-flow regulating valve, the low-precision small-flow regulating valve can better control the pressure range when working under the low-power working condition, the pressure control precision is improved, and the stability of the electrolytic cell under the low-input-power working condition is improved; when the pressure is more than 0.5X0 and less than or equal to 0.8X0 and X1, the pressure is adjusted by using a large-flow adjusting valve; when the pressure is 0.8X0 and X1 is less than or equal to 1.2X0, the large flow regulating valve and the small flow regulating valve work simultaneously to regulate the pressure. In addition, when the electrolytic cell is in a stable working condition, the external input power cannot suddenly change, the large-flow regulating valve and the small-flow regulating valve can work simultaneously, the low-precision large-flow regulating valve is used for stabilizing pressure, and the high-precision small-flow regulating valve is used for accurately controlling the pressure range.
In step S3, if the input power suddenly increases, the control unit calculates the valve opening that needs to be changed approximately according to the power change, and increases the valve opening more early and gradually to maintain the stability of the pressure of the electrolytic cell; if the input power suddenly decreases, the control unit calculates the valve opening which needs to be changed approximately according to the power change, the valve opening is reduced more early and gradually, and the pressure of the electrolytic cell is kept stable, in the step, the external input power is still in the power range determined in the step S2, the variation is small, the pressure can be accurately controlled by the small flow regulating valve, and if the sudden change of the external input power is not in the power range determined in the step S2, the step S2 needs to be executed again. The gas variation comprises hydrogen variation and oxygen variation, and the hydrogen variation is delta H 2 And oxygen change amount Δ O 2 Satisfies the following relationship with the current change amount Δ I:
Figure BDA0003664456830000071
ΔO 2 ＝ΔI/(4F)
wherein, Δ H 2 And Δ O 2 Has the unit of (1) being mol/s, F being the Faraday coefficient and the value of 96500C/mol.
After the variation of the hydrogen and the oxygen is determined, the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve can be determined by combining the current pressure and the working parameters of the pressure regulating valve.
It is understood that the hydrogen production by electrolysis does not occur instantaneously, and there is a time difference from the change of the external input power to the change of the gas production, and in step S3 of the present application, the pressure regulating valve is adjusted after the external input power is increased or decreased, and in fact, the valve is controlled in advance before the gas quantity reaches the change quantity. After the external input power is increased, calculating the valve opening required for stabilizing the internal pressure of the current electrolytic cell according to the calculated and generated hydrogen and oxygen variable quantity, and increasing the valve opening of the pressure regulating valve step by step in advance to maintain the stability of the pressure of the electrolytic cell; after the external input power is reduced, the valve opening required for stabilizing the internal pressure of the current electrolytic cell is calculated according to the calculated variation of the generated hydrogen and oxygen, the valve opening of the pressure regulating valve is reduced in advance and gradually, and the stability of the pressure of the electrolytic cell is maintained.
The external input power can change under the fluctuation working condition to cause pressure fluctuation, so the pressure set value is determined according to the power interval of the external input power, the internal pressure of the electrolytic cell is initially stabilized, the pressure of the electrolytic cell is adjusted in real time according to the increase or decrease of the external input power, the electrolytic cell can be maintained to work in the optimal pressure interval, the dynamic working condition is adapted, the efficiency of the electrolytic cell is improved, hydrogen and oxygen mixing caused by unbalanced pressure in the electrolytic cell is avoided, and the stability and the safety of the electrolytic cell are improved.
According to the pressure control method, real-time feedback control is adopted in pressure control, external input power and internal pressure of the electrolytic cell are monitored in real time, the most appropriate working pressure of the alkaline water electrolytic cell is set according to the external input power, the pressure regulating valve is started according to the set pressure of the alkaline water electrolytic cell, the pressure of the alkaline water electrolytic cell is stabilized within the range of an ideal working condition, then the high-precision small-flow regulating valve is regulated, and the pressure of the alkaline water electrolytic cell is controlled in a high-precision mode.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A high-precision active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolytic cell is characterized by being realized based on a high-precision pressure control system, wherein the high-precision pressure control system comprises a control unit, pressure sensors and pressure regulating valves, the control unit is connected with the pressure sensors and the pressure regulating valves, and the pressure sensors are provided with two groups which are respectively connected with a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell and used for measuring pressure data in the electrolytic cell; the pressure regulating valves are provided with two groups, are respectively arranged at a hydrogen side outlet and an oxygen side outlet of the electrolytic cell and are used for regulating the pressure in the electrolytic cell, each group of pressure regulating valves comprises a large-flow regulating valve and a small-flow regulating valve, and the large-flow regulating valves and the small-flow regulating valves are connected in parallel;
specifically, the high-precision active pressure control method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring external input power of the electrolytic cell and real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell under a fluctuation working condition;
s2, determining the power range of the external input power, determining a pressure set value according to the power range of the external input power, and stabilizing the pressure in the electrolytic cell to the pressure set value;
and S3, if the external input power is increased, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, gradually increasing the opening of the pressure regulating valve, if the external input power is reduced, determining the current variation according to the power variation value, determining the gas variation according to the current variation, determining the opening of the pressure regulating valve needing to be changed according to the gas variation, and gradually reducing the opening of the pressure regulating valve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, a plurality of power ranges are preset, and a corresponding pressure set-point is preset for each power range.
3. The high-precision active pressure control method for the alkaline water electrolytic cell of claim 2, characterized in that the rated input power of the electrolytic cell is X0, the working range is 0.3X 0-1.2X 0, the rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell under the rated power X0 is P0, the external input power X1 is obtained, if 0.3X0 ≤ X1 ≤ 0.5X0, the pressure set value P1 ═ 0.5P0 is obtained, if 0.5X0< X1 ≤ 0.8X0, the pressure set value P1 ═ 0.75P0 is obtained, and if 0.8X0< X1 ≤ 1.2X0, the pressure set value P1 ═ P0 is obtained.
4. The active pressure control method of claim 3, wherein the external input power X1 is obtained, and when the input power is 0.3X 0X 1X 0, the pressure is adjusted by using a small flow regulating valve; when the pressure is more than 0.5X0 and less than or equal to 0.8X0 and X1, the pressure is adjusted by using a large-flow adjusting valve; when the pressure is 0.8X0 and X1 is less than or equal to 1.2X0, the large flow regulating valve and the small flow regulating valve work simultaneously to regulate the pressure.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein in step S3, the gas changes include hydrogen change and oxygen change, and the hydrogen change Δ H is determined by the hydrogen change Δ H 2 And oxygen change amount Δ O 2 Satisfies the following relationship with the current change amount Δ I:
Figure FDA0003664456820000021
ΔO 2 ＝ΔI/(4F)
wherein, Δ H 2 And Δ O 2 Has the unit of (1) being mol/s, F being the Faraday coefficient and the value of 96500C/mol.
6. A high accuracy active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the high accuracy pressure control system further comprises two sets of pressure retaining valves respectively provided at the hydrogen side outlet and the oxygen side outlet of the electrolysis cell for maintaining the pressure inside the electrolysis cell.
7. A high accuracy active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the large flow regulating valve and the small flow regulating valve are solenoid regulating valves.
8. A high accuracy active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit is connected with pressure sensors and pressure regulating valves by signal data lines.
9. A high accuracy active pressure control method for an alkaline water electrolysis cell according to claim 1 wherein the high accuracy pressure control system further comprises an alarm connected to the control unit for emitting an alarm signal.
10. The active pressure control method of claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a data acquisition module, an arithmetic module and an execution module; the data acquisition module is connected with an external input power supply and a pressure sensor of the electrolytic cell and is used for acquiring the external input power of the electrolytic cell and the real-time pressure inside the electrolytic cell; the operation module is connected with the data acquisition module and the execution module and is used for calculating the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the external input power and the real-time pressure; the execution module is connected with the pressure regulating valve and used for controlling the opening of the pressure regulating valve according to the output of the operation module.
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