CN115010261A - Method for biologically purifying landscape water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for biologically purifying landscape water, relates to the field of freshwater aquaculture water environment treatment, and discloses a method for purifying aquaculture water environment by adopting microbial flocculant, complex enzyme preparation, compound microbial preparation degradation, biological floating bed and other multi-technology integration. Firstly, the bioflocculant can reduce the contents of COD, BOD and SS in the culture water body and promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms; then decomposing residual nutrition in the water into small molecules by utilizing the enzymolysis of the (compound) enzyme preparation; then the degradation of the (composite) microbial preparation is utilized to finally change the micromolecule nutrients in the water into nitrogen to be released into the air, and the aged microbial thalli are removed by the microbial flocculant; meanwhile, the artificial floating bed is used for absorbing and adsorbing nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the aquaculture water body. The four technologies are combined for application, have a synergistic function, and form a multi-stage effect to thoroughly improve the water quality.

Description

Method for biologically purifying landscape water

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of freshwater aquaculture water environment treatment, in particular to a method for biologically purifying landscape water.

Background

China is the first aquaculture country in the world, both in terms of aquaculture yield and in terms of aquaculture scale. Meanwhile, most of the breeding businesses in China are cultured in still water, and a large amount of organic matters such as fish and shrimp excrement, residual bait and the like are deposited at the bottom of water due to high-density breeding. In the season of vigorous culture, due to high temperature, heterotrophic microorganisms are propagated in large quantity, organic matters are decomposed, and a large amount of harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrite and the like are released, so that growth and development of fishes and shrimps are influenced, and diseases of the fishes and the shrimps are caused

Physical and chemical methods for purifying aquaculture water have various disadvantages, and microbial communities in natural water are not enough to decompose organic loads in an aquaculture pond, so that a new environment-friendly aquaculture water environment purification method needs to be found.

In recent years, bioremediation techniques in the field of environmental engineering have been applied to pollution control in aquaculture waters, including the removal of excess N, P-containing organic baits from water bodies with fungi and algae. Among them, the study of fungi has mostly focused on the domestication, immobilization and application of beneficial microorganisms, particularly PSB-. For example, in the Chinese patent < CN1461734 microcapsule probiotic water-purifying composite bacteria method for restoring aquaculture environment >, multiple bacterial strains such as photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and the like are cultured by a combined fermentation process, freeze-dried and processed by microcapsules and then are put into water or added into feed, so that the water is restored; CN1340613 method for immobilizing bacteria to biologically repair an aquaculture environment provides a technology for immobilizing bacteria by using zeolite as an immobilized carrier, mixing the bacteria and the zeolite into a solid product, and putting the solid product into an aquaculture pond to repair the aquaculture environment; CN 1245151A microorganism treatment system for improving water quality of aquaculture pond comprises enrichment culture method of photosynthetic bacteria and aerobic bacteria, domestication culture method of mixed bacteria hanging membrane, selection of filler and arrangement of biological filter tower. In the aspect of phytoremediation, the aquatic plants are mainly used for inhibiting the release of N, P & lt- & gt in the sediment, absorbing excessive nutrient substances and influencing the growth of planktonic algae through resource competition. But the biological purification of the prior aquaculture water body is more microbial purification and is not applied to the purification of aquatic plants.

The method is limited by biological characteristics, and the currently common aquaculture water biological purification method has many limitations, namely, microorganisms which are main groups of biological purification cannot degrade all pollutants in the water, and the insolubility and the biodegradability of the pollutants influence the biological purification effect; secondly, when the concentration of the pollutants in the water body is too low to meet the requirement of microbial degradation, the microbial purification cannot exert the normal efficiency; thirdly, the plant biomass for water body restoration is too small to meet the water body purification requirement of large-area pollution. For the culture water body with serious pollution or combined pollution, the ideal effect is often difficult to achieve by a single bioremediation technology. Different bioremediation technologies are effectively combined to form a combined bioremediation technology, so that the aims of degrading and removing pollutants can be more effectively achieved.

In a word, the aquaculture water body is rich in N, P, and also contains excessive bait, prawn excrement, algae, aquatic plants and other biological remains, so that the existing single means or products such as microbial flocculants, enzyme preparations, microbial water quality modifiers, biological floating beds and the like cannot meet the requirement of aquaculture water body purification.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a method for biologically purifying landscape water to solve the problems set forth in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for biologically purifying landscape water is provided, which adopts the multi-technology integration of microbial flocculant, complex enzyme preparation, composite microbial preparation degradation, biological floating bed and the like to purify the landscape water.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: firstly, the bioflocculant can reduce the contents of COD, BOD and SS in the aquaculture water body and promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms; then, residual nutrition in the water body is enzymolyzed into micromolecules by utilizing the action of the complex enzyme preparation; then decomposing micromolecule nutrients in water into ammonia nitrogen by utilizing the ammoniation effect of bacillus subtilis in the compound microbial preparation, decomposing the ammonia nitrogen into nitroso nitrogen under the action of nitrosobacteria, and then changing the nitroso nitrogen into nitro nitrogen through the nitrification effect of nitrobacteria, wherein the nitro nitrogen can be changed into nitrogen to be released into the air through the action of denitrifying bacteria, so that the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water body can be rapidly and completely degraded; meanwhile, the artificial floating bed is used for absorbing and adsorbing nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the culture water body. The four technologies are combined for application, have a synergistic function, and form a multi-level effect to thoroughly improve the water quality. One or more of the methods can be flexibly adopted for matching use according to the pollution condition of the aquaculture water body.

Preferably, the microbial flocculant is prepared by the following method: monosodium glutamate wastewater (the mass of the monosodium glutamate wastewater accounts for 20% of the total mass of the culture medium) is used as a basic culture medium, 1-6 g of glucose is added into each liter of culture medium, and the added liquid is 70% of the volume of a fermentation tank; sterilizing under high pressure for 30 min, cooling to 30 deg.C, and inoculating; selecting any one strain of Rhizobium radiobacter and Bacillus sphaericus, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20-24 hours (introducing oxygen in the first 8 hours). Adding absolute ethyl alcohol accounting for 10-50% of the total volume of the fermentation liquor to precipitate polysaccharide substances, adding a certain amount of bran accounting for 1-4 times of the mass of the polysaccharide substances, and boiling and drying the mixture of the polysaccharide and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the microbial flocculant. According to the pollution degree of the aquaculture water, the using amount of each mu of aquaculture area is 100-5000 g.

Preferably, the compound microbial preparation is prepared according to the following method: using a general liquid culture medium (0.8-1.2% of molasses and 0.06-0.1% of corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder are weighed according to the weight percentage as a basic culture medium, then 0.001-0.0015% of ammonium sulfate is added, dissolving the ammonium sulfate, the molasses and the corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder with water, adding the solution into a fermentation tank, wherein the adding amount is 70% of the fermentation tank, carrying out autoclaving for 30 minutes, cooling to 33 ℃, then inoculating, respectively culturing Bacillus subtilis (37 ℃), Alcaligenes faecalis (37 ℃), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (35 ℃), Pseudomonas mendocina (35 ℃), Candida tropicalis (30 ℃), Streptomyces microflavus (30 ℃) or two strains of the Streptomyces microflavus) at different temperatures, and then, separating the culture solution for 24 hours, and collecting the culture solution, adding a certain amount of bran (1-4 times of the mass of the thallus) into the thallus, and boiling and drying the mixture of the thallus and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the composite microbial dry bacterial powder. According to the pollution degree of the aquaculture water, the using amount of each mu of aquaculture area is 100-5000 g.

Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation consists of AS1.398 neutral protease (with the enzyme activity of 30000U/g, purchased from New Xinchen Xiangyu bioengineering Limited company), LBK-B400 lipase (with the enzyme activity of 50000U/g, purchased from Shenzhen Lu Weikang bioengineering Limited company and moderate temperature alpha-refined amylase (with the enzyme activity of 20000U/mL, purchased from Jienon bioengineering Limited company), the three are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 1: 1-2, and the using amount of each mu of culture area is 100-5000 g according to the pollution degree of culture water.

Preferably, the biological floating bed is prepared according to the following method: economic plants such as water spinach or water cress are selected, polystyrene foam boards are selected as floating bed carriers, holes are formed at different intervals, planting baskets are placed in the holes (planting basket water planting is a water planting cultivation mode which is carried out by utilizing the water-taxis principle of plant roots), the plants are inserted, and the biological floating bed is placed in a water body at a proper depth, so that the degradation and decomposition of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body are realized, and the eutrophic water body is purified and cultured.

Preferably, a biological floating bed is implanted in the middle of cultivation; applying a microbial flocculant according to the usage amount of about 100-5000 g per mu of water surface for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition); then, applying the complex enzyme preparation according to the usage amount of about 100-5000 g of water per mu for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition); and finally, applying the compound microbial preparation according to the usage amount of about 100-5000 g of water per mu for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

a method for biologically purifying landscape water includes such steps as planting higher aquatic plants on the surface of eutrophic water, and reducing N, P and organic substances by the absorption and adsorption of plant roots and species competition. The biological flocculant is used to reduce the content of COD, BOD and SS in the culture water, the single strains of nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, actinomycetes, bacillus and the like are prepared into high-efficiency composite microbial active bacteria powder by a special process, the high-efficiency composite microbial active bacteria powder is combined with the microbial flocculant according to the pollution condition of the culture water, and meanwhile, a composite enzyme preparation is prepared by assisting various enzymes such as protease, amylase and the like. Through the treatment, the method can play a role in reducing the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water body, and meanwhile, can not cause adverse effect on the fish body. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, obvious effect and obvious economic and social benefits.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1 composite purification of freshwater aquaculture Environment with composite microorganisms and composite enzyme solid preparation

First, test scheme

1. Preparation of composite microorganism and composite enzyme solid preparation

Weighing 1 percent of molasses and 0.07 percent of corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder according to the weight percentage as a basic culture medium, and then adding 0.001 percent of ammonium sulfate; dissolving ammonium sulfate, molasses and corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder by using water, and adding into a fermentation tank, wherein the adding amount is 70% of the fermentation tank: sterilizing under high pressure for 30 minutes, cooling to 33 ℃, inoculating, culturing five strains of bacillus subtilis (37 ℃), alcaligenes faecalis (A.faecalalis) (37 ℃), rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris) (35 ℃), pseudomonas mendocina (P.mendocina) (35 ℃), candida tropicalis (C.tropicalis) (30 ℃), streptomyces microflavus (S.microflavus) (30 ℃) at different temperatures, culturing for 20 hours, centrifugally separating the culture solution, collecting the strains, adding bran with the mass 4 times that of the strains into the strains, boiling and drying the mixture of the strains and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain dry microbial powder, and adding the protease, the lipase and the amylase according to the proportion of 15% of the dry microbial powder, wherein the proportion of the three enzymes is 3:1:2, so as to prepare the solid preparation of the composite microbes and the composite enzymes.

2. Method of use of the formulation

Is carried out in Yangzhou shrimp farming plants in Jiangsu. Two intensive culture ponds adjacent to the shrimp culture pond were selected for the experiment, one of which was not added with the formulation as a control and the other was added with the formulation. Adding ten times of water according to the using amount of about 200 g of compound enzyme solid preparation and compound microorganism per mu of water surface, uniformly mixing, uniformly splashing the compound enzyme solid preparation in the whole pond, and applying the compound enzyme solid preparation for 1 time at an interval of 7 days.

3. Pond system and feeding management

The management is carried out according to the own habits of the peasant households without changing the original process.

4. Method for measuring chemical indexes of water body of culture pond

Before and 7 days after the preparation is used, 500ml of water samples are collected by water collectors at fixed points 20 meters off the shore in two culture ponds respectively, the culture ponds are filled with the water samples to the bottle mouth and are tightly plugged, air is prevented from entering the culture ponds, and the culture ponds are kept in a dark place. The collected water sample is detected and analyzed within 2 hours, and the water temperature is maintained between 29 and 32 ℃ during sampling.

Determination of nitrite content: the diazo-azo method is carried out according to the national standard GB oceanographic survey standard 17763.4-1992 of sea water chemical element observation of the people's republic of China.

Second, test results

TABLE 1 Change in nitrite content in control and formulation treatment tank waters

As can be seen from Table 1, the nitrite concentration in the water of the culture pond fed with the composite microorganism and complex enzyme solid preparation is in a descending trend, while the nitrite concentration in the contemporary control pond is in an ascending trend, which shows that the composite microorganism and complex enzyme solid preparation has the obvious effects of degrading organic matters in the culture water and reducing the nitrite content.

Example 2 composite purification of freshwater aquaculture Environment with microbial flocculant, composite microorganism and Complex enzyme solid preparation

First, test scheme

1. Preparing a microbial flocculant:

monosodium glutamate wastewater with the mass fraction of 20% is used as a basic culture medium, 2g of glucose is added into each liter of culture medium, and the added liquid is 70% of the fermentation tank. Autoclaving for 30 min, cooling to 30 deg.C, inoculating Bacillus sphaericus (B. sphaeicus), and culturing at 30 deg.C for 24 hr (oxygen was introduced for the first 8 hr). Adding 20% fermentation liquor volume of absolute ethyl alcohol, precipitating polysaccharides, adding bran 4 times of the polysaccharides, and boiling and drying the mixture of polysaccharides and bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the microbial flocculant.

2. Preparing a composite microorganism and composite enzyme solid preparation:

weighing 1.2 percent of molasses and 0.06 percent of corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder as a basic culture medium according to the weight percentage, and then adding 0.0015 percent of ammonium sulfate; dissolving ammonium sulfate, molasses and corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder by using water, and adding into a fermentation tank, wherein the adding amount is 70% of the fermentation tank: sterilizing under high pressure for 30 minutes, cooling to 33 ℃, inoculating, respectively culturing four strains of bacillus subtilis (37 ℃), alcaligenes faecalis (a.faecalalis) (37 ℃), rhodopseudomonas palustris (r.palustris) (35 ℃), streptomyces microflavus (s.microflavus) (30 ℃) and the like at different temperatures, culturing for 24 hours, centrifugally separating the culture solution, collecting the strains, adding bran with the mass 3 times that of the strains into the strains, boiling and drying the mixture of the strains and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain composite microorganism dry bacteria powder, adding protease, lipase and amylase according to the proportion of 15% of the dry bacteria powder mass, wherein the proportion of the three enzymes is 3:1:2, and preparing the composite microorganism and solid preparation.

3. Method of use of the formulation

Is carried out in Yangzhou shrimp farming plants in Jiangsu. Two intensive culture ponds adjacent to the shrimp culture pond were selected for the experiment, one of which was not added with the formulation as a control and the other was added with the formulation. Adding ten times of water into the composite microorganism and complex enzyme solid preparation according to the usage amount of about 500 g of the microbial flocculant and about 200 g of the complex enzyme solid preparation per mu of water surface, uniformly mixing, uniformly splashing the composite microorganism and complex enzyme solid preparation in the whole pond, and applying the composite microorganism and complex enzyme solid preparation for 1 time at an interval of 7 days.

4. Pond system and feeding management

The same as in example 1.

5. Method for measuring chemical indexes of water body of culture pond

The same as in example 1.

II, test results:

TABLE 2 Change in nitrite content in control and formulation treatment tank waters

As can be seen from Table 2, the nitrite concentration in the water of the culture pond fed with the microbial flocculant, the composite microorganisms and the composite enzyme solid preparation is in a descending trend, while the nitrite concentration in the control pond is in an ascending trend, which indicates that the composite microorganisms and the composite enzyme solid preparation have the obvious effects of degrading organic matters in the culture water and reducing the nitrite content.

Example 3 purification of freshwater aquaculture Environment by combination of microbial flocculant, composite microorganism, Complex enzyme solid preparation and biological Floating bed

First, test scheme

1. Preparation of biological floating bed

A polystyrene foam board with the thickness of 1.5cm is selected as a floating bed template, holes are drilled according to the plant-row spacing of 5cm, and the whole floating bed is formed by connecting the floating bed templates with plant planting holes one by one through U-shaped iron nails, bamboo chips and soft ropes. After the whole assembly of the floating bed is completed, the two ends of the floating bed are placed in water and are piled by using galvanized pipes, and ropes at the two ends of the floating bed are tied on the piles. And then cutting cress and water spinach, and placing the cress and the water spinach in a water body at a proper depth by combining a floating ball and a balance weight according to the growth height of plants.

2. Preparation of microbial flocculant

Monosodium glutamate wastewater with the mass fraction of 20% is used as a basic culture medium, 2g of glucose is added into each liter of culture medium, and the added liquid is 70% of the fermentation tank. Autoclaving for 30 min, cooling to 30 ℃ and inoculating Rhizobium radiobacter (R. radiobacter), and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20 h (oxygen was introduced for the first 8 h). Adding absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume of 40% of fermentation liquor to separate out polysaccharide substances, adding bran with the mass 2 times of that of the polysaccharide, and boiling and drying the mixture of the polysaccharide and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the microbial flocculant.

3. Preparation of composite microorganism and composite enzyme solid preparation

Weighing 0.9 percent of molasses and 0.09 percent of corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder as a basic culture medium according to the weight percentage, and then adding 0.0012 percent of ammonium sulfate; dissolving ammonium sulfate, molasses and corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder by using water, and adding into a fermentation tank, wherein the adding amount is 70% of the fermentation tank: autoclaving for 30 minutes, cooling to 33 ℃, inoculating, culturing six strains of bacillus subtilis (37 ℃), Alcaligenes faecalis (A.faecalis) (37 ℃), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R.palustris) (35 ℃), Pseudomonas mendocina (P.mendocina) (35 ℃), Candida tropicalis (C.tropicalis) (30 ℃) and Streptomyces microflavus (S.microflavus) (30 ℃) respectively at different temperatures, culturing for 20 hours, centrifuging the culture solution, collecting the strains, adding bran 4 times the mass of the strains into the strains, boiling and drying the mixture of the strains and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain composite microorganism dry bacterium powder, and adding protease, lipase and amylase according to the proportion of 5% of the mass of the dry bacterium powder, wherein the proportion of the three enzymes is 2:1:1, and preparing the composite microorganism and solid composite enzyme preparation.

4. Method of use of the formulation

The same as in example 2.

5. Pond system and feeding management

The same as in example 1.

6. Method for measuring chemical indexes of water body of culture pond

The same as in example 1.

Second, test results

TABLE 3 Change in nitrite content in control and formulation treatment tank waters

As can be seen from Table 3, the nitrite concentration of the water body of the culture pond purified by the microbial flocculant, the composite microorganisms, the composite enzyme solid preparation and the biological floating bed is in a descending trend, while the nitrite concentration of the water body of the culture pond purified by the composite microbial flocculant, the composite microorganisms and the composite enzyme solid preparation is in an ascending trend, which shows that the composite microorganisms and the composite enzyme solid preparation have the obvious effects of degrading organic matters in the culture water body and reducing the nitrite content.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A method for biologically purifying landscape water is characterized in that: adopting multiple technologies of microbial flocculant, complex enzyme preparation, composite microbial preparation degradation, biological floating bed and the like to integrate and purify the landscape water body, and specifically comprising the following steps;

firstly, the bioflocculant can reduce the contents of COD, BOD and SS in the culture water body and promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms; then, residual nutrition in the water body is enzymolyzed into small molecules by utilizing the action of the complex enzyme preparation; then decomposing micromolecule nutrients in water into ammonia nitrogen by utilizing the ammoniation effect of bacillus subtilis in the compound microbial preparation, decomposing the ammonia nitrogen into nitroso nitrogen under the action of nitrosobacteria, and then changing the nitroso nitrogen into nitro nitrogen through the nitrification effect of nitrobacteria, wherein the nitro nitrogen can be changed into nitrogen to be released into the air through the action of denitrifying bacteria, so that the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the aquaculture water body can be rapidly and completely degraded; meanwhile, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the aquaculture water body are absorbed and adsorbed by the artificial floating bed; the combined application of the four technologies has a synergistic function, forms a multi-level effect to thoroughly improve the water quality, and can flexibly adopt one or more of the methods to be matched according to the pollution condition of the aquaculture water body.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the landscape water is biologically purified by: the microbial flocculant is prepared by the following method: monosodium glutamate wastewater (the mass of the monosodium glutamate wastewater accounts for 20% of the total mass of the culture medium) is used as a basic culture medium, 1-6 g of glucose is added into each liter of culture medium, and the added liquid is 70% of the volume of a fermentation tank; sterilizing under high pressure for 30 min, cooling to 30 deg.C, and inoculating; selecting any one strain of Rhizobium radiobacter and Bacillus sphaericus, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20-24 hours (introducing oxygen in the first 8 hours); adding absolute ethyl alcohol accounting for 10-50% of the total volume of the fermentation liquor to precipitate polysaccharide substances, adding a certain amount of bran accounting for 1-4 times of the mass of the polysaccharide substances, and boiling and drying the mixture of the polysaccharide and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the microbial flocculant.

3. The method for biologically purifying landscape water according to claim 1, wherein: the compound microbial preparation is prepared by the following steps: using a general liquid culture medium (0.8-1.2% of molasses and 0.06-0.1% of corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder are weighed according to the weight percentage as a basic culture medium, then 0.001-0.0015% of ammonium sulfate is added, dissolving the ammonium sulfate, the molasses and the corn steep liquor freeze-dried powder with water, adding the solution into a fermentation tank, wherein the adding amount is 70% of that of the fermentation tank, performing high-pressure sterilization for 30 minutes, cooling to 33 ℃, and then inoculating, respectively culturing Bacillus subtilis (37 ℃), Alcaligenes faecalis (37 ℃), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (35 ℃), Pseudomonas mendocina (35 ℃), Candida tropicalis (30 ℃), Streptomyces microflavus (30 ℃) and culturing strains for 24 hours or more, and then, centrifuging to collect the culture solution, and culturing strains for 24 hours, adding a certain amount of bran (1-4 times of the mass of the thallus) into the thallus, and boiling and drying the mixture of the thallus and the bran in a fluidized bed to obtain the composite microbial dry bacterial powder.

4. The method for biologically purifying landscape water according to claim 1, wherein: the compound enzyme preparation is prepared by compounding AS1.398 neutral protease (enzyme activity 30000U/g), LBK-B400 lipase (enzyme activity 50000U/g) and medium-temperature alpha-refined amylase (enzyme activity 20000U/mL) according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 1: 1-2.

5. The method for biologically purifying landscape water according to claim 1, wherein: the biological floating bed is prepared by the following method: economic plants such as water spinach or water cress are selected, polystyrene foam boards are selected as floating bed carriers, holes are formed at different intervals, planting baskets are placed in the holes (planting basket water planting is a water planting cultivation mode which is carried out by utilizing the water-taxis principle of plant roots), the plants are inserted, and the biological floating bed is placed in a water body at a proper depth, so that the degradation and decomposition of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body are realized, and the eutrophic water body is purified and cultured.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the landscape water is biologically purified by: planting a biological floating bed in the middle stage of cultivation; applying a microbial flocculant according to the use amount of about 100-5000 g of water per mu for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition); then, applying the complex enzyme preparation according to the usage amount of about 100-5000 g of water per mu for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition); and finally, applying the compound microbial preparation according to the use amount of about 100-5000 g of water per mu for the middle and later culture periods (according to the water pollution condition).