CN114999751B - Aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and working method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114999751B CN114999751B CN202210600553.5A CN202210600553A CN114999751B CN 114999751 B CN114999751 B CN 114999751B CN 202210600553 A CN202210600553 A CN 202210600553A CN 114999751 B CN114999751 B CN 114999751B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
- H01C3/14—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids the resistive element being formed in two or more coils or loops continuously wound as a spiral, helical or toroidal winding
- H01C3/20—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids the resistive element being formed in two or more coils or loops continuously wound as a spiral, helical or toroidal winding wound on cylindrical or prismatic base
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/08—Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/08—Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements
- H01C1/084—Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements using self-cooling, e.g. fins, heat sinks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C13/00—Resistors not provided for elsewhere
- H01C13/02—Structural combinations of resistors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling. The resistor comprises a housing and a resistor assembly; the resistance component comprises a resistance wire, a resistance core, a pipe shell, a liquid absorbing core and water. In the invention, the hollow tube shell is arranged in the resistance core, the liquid absorbing core is arranged on the inner wall of the tube shell, and water is filled into the tube shell after the tube shell is vacuumized, so that compared with the original solid resistance core, the weight of the device is greatly reduced, in addition, after the heat of the resistance wire is transferred to the tube shell, the water is evaporated to absorb latent heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the resistance wire; the quartz sand is filled in the shell, and because the heat conductivity coefficient of the quartz sand is small, the heat conduction process in the resistor is dominant in a long time, so that the speed of reaching a melting point when the resistor is short-circuited is directly slowed down by strengthening internal heat transfer, and the normal working time of the resistor is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment heat dissipation, in particular to an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and a working method thereof.
Background
High speed trains and rail traffic have become more and more common in large cities around the world since the 21 st century, and at the same time, a large number of high power resistors are required in the electric equipment circuits in the trains during operation. These resistors can be used as braking resistance, speed regulating resistance, load resistance, regenerative resistance, etc. of the train. When these resistors are operated in the switched-in circuit, the electrical energy is converted into heat energy to raise the temperature of the resistor, and when the resistor is operated under the design condition, the generated heat is not enough to raise the temperature of the resistance wire to the melting point of the resistance wire. However, the circuit is often subjected to non-design conditions such as control unbalance and short circuit, the resistor is overheated, and the resistance wire is burnt and fused within a few seconds, so that the resistor is damaged and even ignited, and the brake chopper, the traction inverter and the motor are damaged.
On the occasion of non-design working condition temperature transient change, the internal temperature of the resistor rises sharply, but because the limitation of the heat conductivity coefficient of the internal material, heat can not be effectively transferred to the outside, the external temperature of the resistor does not rise greatly, the natural convection heat exchange effect formed by the change of air density caused by the temperature change is very weak, in addition, the radiation heat exchange quantity of the electronic equipment to the outside is very small due to the very small temperature difference, and the two reasons cause the equipment to be incapable of effectively radiating heat. Therefore, a good method for optimizing the heat dissipation capability is considered from the viewpoint of optimizing the structure inside the device.
In addition, generally, the resistance wire is wound on the solid resistance core, so that the resistance core is in contact with the resistance wire, heat conduction mainly passes through the resistance core, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the resistance core is not large enough, so that the heat dissipation effect of the whole resistor is poor, and the solid resistance core increases the weight of the whole device and increases the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and a working method thereof, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency and increase the normal working time of a high-power resistor.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling comprises a plurality of resistor components, wherein each resistor component comprises a resistance wire, a resistor core, a tube shell, a liquid absorbing core and water, the resistor core, the tube shell and the liquid absorbing core are concentric hollow cylinders, the liquid absorbing core is arranged in the tube shell, the resistor core is arranged outside the tube shell, and the resistance wire is uniformly and spirally wound on the resistor core at a certain pitch;
the tube shell is vacuumized, and then water is filled into the tube shell and is absorbed by the liquid absorption core through capillary action;
fins are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the tube shell, are annular ribs and are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the tube shell at certain intervals, and grooves matched with the fins are embedded in the inner wall of the resistor core, so that the fins are contacted with the inner wall of the resistor core;
preferably, the resistor further comprises a shell, the shell is a hollow cuboid with an opening at the upper end, the inner wall of the bottom of the shell is provided with a ceramic sheet, and the rest four inner side walls are provided with mica sheets.
Preferably, the resistor components are arranged in the shell in parallel, quartz sand is filled between the resistor components and the ceramic sheets at the bottom of the shell and the mica sheets on the inner side wall of the shell, and the quartz sand completely covers the resistor components.
Preferably, the upper end of the shell is sealed by glue, and the glue is attached to quartz sand in the shell to prevent the quartz sand in the shell from leaking.
Preferably, resistance wires of the resistance component are all made of nichrome wires, the ceramic plates are made of 95 porcelain serving as a forming material, and the resistance core is made of 75 porcelain serving as a forming material.
Preferably, the tube shell of the resistor assembly is made of 347 stainless steel tubes, a plurality of uniformly distributed annular fins are arranged on the outer wall of the resistor assembly, the cross sections of the fins are rectangular, and the thickness of the tube shell is 1.2-1.5mm.
Preferably, the wick of the resistor assembly is made of a nickel-chromium twill net, the porosity of the wick is 50%, the liquid filling rate is 70% -90%, and the thickness is 0.4mm-0.48mm.
Preferably, the shell is an aluminum shell, and the outer wall of the shell is provided with radiating fins for increasing the heat exchange area in a steady state so as to increase the heat exchange amount.
Preferably, the glue is a white organic silicon pouring glue with the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.299W/(m.K).
The invention also discloses a working method of the resistor based on evaporative cooling, when the resistor is short-circuited, the resistor voltage is rapidly increased to 750V, so that the heating power of the resistor is rapidly increased, and the power density of the resistor is rapidly increased; because the heat conductivity coefficient of the quartz sand filled in the resistor is small, the heat conduction process in the resistor is dominant in a long time, namely, the heat in the resistor is difficult to be conducted to the outside in a short time, and the total heat transfer characteristic of the resistor can be accurately represented by calculating the transient heat conduction characteristic in the resistor; the heat conductivity of the original solid resistor core is not large, and heat is slowly conducted to the inner part, while the aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling absorbs latent heat by water evaporation in the liquid absorption core when heat is transferred to the inner part, and partial heat transferred from the outer part is absorbed, so that the time of the resistor reaching the melting point is prolonged.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following technical effects:
compared with the original solid resistor core structure, the structure based on evaporative cooling absorbs latent heat by water evaporation in the liquid absorbing core when heat is transferred to the inside, and partial heat transferred from the outside is absorbed, so that the time of the resistor reaching the melting point is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an aluminum-case resistor based on evaporative cooling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the glue, the quartz sand and the ceramic wafer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relative positions of the ribbed vessel, wick, and water of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the ribbed tube housing, wick, water and hollow resistor core of the present invention in relative position;
FIG. 5 is an exterior isometric view of the relative position of the cartridge and fins of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a resistive core of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the resistor comprises a shell, 2 glue, 3 quartz sand, 4 ceramic plates, 5 mica plates, 6 first resistor cores, 7 second resistor cores, 8 third resistor cores, 9 first resistance wires, 10 second resistance wires, 11 third resistance wires, 12 tube shells, 13 liquid absorption cores, 14 water and 15 fins.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components and/or sections, these elements, components and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, and/or section from another. Thus, a first element, component, and/or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention discloses an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling, which comprises a housing and a plurality of resistor assemblies, wherein the number of the resistor assemblies in the embodiment is 3, and the resistor assemblies are respectively a first resistor assembly, a second resistor assembly and a third resistor assembly.
The resistance component comprises a resistance wire, a resistance core, a pipe shell 12, a liquid absorbing core 13 and water 14, wherein the resistance core and the pipe shell 12 are hollow cylinders, and the outer wall of the pipe shell 12 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the resistance core, as shown in fig. 4. The liquid absorption core 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the pipe shell 12, and the section of the liquid absorption core is circular; after the pipe shell 12 is vacuumized, water 14 is filled into the pipe shell 12 in a proper amount and is absorbed by the liquid absorption core 13 through capillary action; a plurality of annular fins 15 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the tube shell 12 at a certain interval, and each fin 15 abuts against the inner wall of the resistor core, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. The inner wall of the resistor core is provided with a clamping groove matched with the fin 15, as shown in fig. 6, so that the fin 15 and the tube shell 12 are in close contact with the inner wall of the resistor core.
First resistance core 6, second resistance core 7, third resistance core 8 evenly twine respectively outside first resistance component, second resistance component and third resistance component's tube 12, first resistance wire 9, second resistance wire 10, third resistance wire 11 twines respectively with the even spiral of certain pitch on first resistance core 6, second resistance core 7, third resistance core 8, and first resistance wire 9, second resistance wire 10, establish ties in proper order between the third resistance wire 11 to establish ties first resistance component, second resistance component and third resistance component.
Casing 1 is upper end open-ended hollow cuboid, adopts aluminium to make, is equipped with potsherd 4 on the inner wall of its diapire, all is equipped with mica sheet 5 on the inner wall of its four lateral walls. The first to third resistor components are arranged in the shell 1 in parallel, quartz sand 3 is filled between the resistor components and the ceramic sheets 4 on the bottom wall of the shell 1 and the mica sheets 5 on the inner walls of the four side walls, and the quartz sand 3 completely covers the first to third resistor components. The upper end of the shell 1 is sealed by glue 2, and the glue 2 is attached to the quartz sand 3 to prevent the quartz sand 3 in the shell 1 from leaking out, as shown in fig. 2. The shell 1 is preferably an aluminum shell, and the outer wall of the shell is provided with radiating fins for increasing the heat exchange area in a stable state so as to increase the heat exchange amount.
In this embodiment, the resistance wires of the first to third resistance assemblies are all made of nichrome wires, the ceramic plates are made of 95 porcelain, the resistance core is made of 75 porcelain, the tube shell is made of 347 stainless steel tubes, the outer wall of the tube shell is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed annular fins, the cross sections of the fins are rectangular, and the thickness of the tube shell is 1.2-1.5mm. The wicks of the first resistor component, the second resistor component, the third resistor component and the fourth resistor component are made of nickel-chromium steel twill nets, the porosity of the wicks is 50%, the liquid filling rate is 70% -90%, and the thickness is 0.4mm-0.48mm. The glue adopts white organic silicon pouring sealant with the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.299W/(m.K).
In the embodiment, the ceramic plate and the mica plate in the shell are insulated and heat-resistant, and the quartz sand is an insulating material with low heat conductivity coefficient; the aluminium system material that the casing adopted can give out heat radiation to the external world during high temperature for effective heat dissipation, and the radiating fin on the casing outer wall then helps dispel the heat faster.
The working principle and the working method of the invention are as follows: when the resistor is short-circuited, the resistor voltage is rapidly increased to 750V, so that the heating power of the resistor is rapidly increased, and the power density of the resistor is rapidly increased; because the heat conductivity coefficient of the quartz sand filled in the resistor is small, the heat conduction process in the resistor is dominant in a long time, namely, the heat in the resistor is difficult to be conducted to the outside in a short time, and the total heat transfer characteristic of the resistor can be accurately represented by calculating the transient heat conduction characteristic in the resistor; the heat conductivity of the original solid resistor core is not large, and heat is slowly conducted to the inner part, while the aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling absorbs latent heat by water evaporation in the liquid absorption core when heat is transferred to the inner part, and partial heat transferred from the outer part is absorbed, so that the time of the resistor reaching the melting point is prolonged.
In the invention, the hollow tube shell is arranged in the resistance core, the liquid absorbing core is arranged on the inner wall of the tube shell, and water is filled into the tube shell after the tube shell is vacuumized, so that compared with the original solid resistance core, the weight of the device is greatly reduced, in addition, after the heat of the resistance wire is transferred to the tube shell, the water is evaporated to absorb latent heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the resistance wire; the quartz sand is filled in the shell, and because the heat conductivity coefficient of the quartz sand is small, the heat conduction process in the resistor is dominant in a long time, so that the speed of reaching a melting point when the resistor is short-circuited is directly slowed down by strengthening internal heat transfer, and the normal working time of the resistor is prolonged.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling is characterized by comprising a plurality of resistor components, wherein each resistor component comprises a resistance wire, a resistor core, a tube shell, a liquid absorbing core and water, the resistor core, the tube shell and the liquid absorbing core are concentric hollow cylinders, the liquid absorbing core is arranged in the tube shell, the resistor core is arranged outside the tube shell, and the resistance wire is uniformly spirally wound on the resistor core at a certain pitch;
the tube shell is vacuumized, water is filled into the tube shell, and the water is absorbed by the liquid absorption core through capillary action;
fins are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the tube shell, are annular ribs and are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the tube shell at certain intervals, and grooves matched with the fins are embedded in the inner wall of the resistor core, so that the fins are in contact with the inner wall of the resistor core;
the plurality of resistance components are connected in series in sequence through resistance wires.
2. The aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as recited in claim 1, further comprising a housing, wherein the housing is a hollow cuboid with an open upper end, the bottom inner wall of the housing is provided with ceramic sheets, and the remaining four inner side walls are provided with mica sheets.
3. The evaporative cooling-based aluminum-shell resistor as recited in claim 2, wherein the resistor elements are arranged in parallel in the housing, quartz sand is filled between the resistor elements and the ceramic sheets at the bottom of the housing and the mica sheets at the inner side walls, and the quartz sand completely covers the resistor elements.
4. The aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as recited in claim 3, wherein the upper end of the shell is sealed by glue, and the glue is attached to the quartz sand inside the shell to prevent the quartz sand inside the shell from leaking.
5. The aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as recited in claim 4, wherein the resistance wires of the resistance assembly are all made of nichrome wire, the ceramic plates are made of 95 porcelain as a molding material, and the resistance core is made of 75 porcelain as a molding material.
6. The aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as recited in claim 5, wherein the tube shell material of the resistor assembly is 347 stainless steel tube, the outer wall is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed annular fins, the cross section of each fin is rectangular, and the thickness of the tube shell is 1.2-1.5mm.
7. The evaporative cooling-based aluminum case resistor of claim 6, wherein the wick of the resistor assembly is made of nichrome twill mesh having a wick porosity of 50%, a liquid fill of 70-90%, and a thickness of 0.4-0.48 mm.
8. The aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as recited in claim 7, wherein the housing is an aluminum shell, and the outer wall of the housing is provided with heat dissipation fins for increasing the heat exchange area in a steady state to increase the heat exchange amount.
9. The in-cell resistor of claim 8 wherein the glue is a white silicone potting glue having a thermal conductivity of 0.299W/(m-K).
10. An operating method of an aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the resistance power density is rapidly increased due to rapid increase of resistance voltage when the resistance is short-circuited, and the water in the wick absorbs latent heat by evaporation when heat is transferred to the inside of the resistor, and absorbs part of the heat transferred from the outside, and the time for the resistor to reach the melting point is prolonged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210600553.5A CN114999751B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and working method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210600553.5A CN114999751B (en) | 2022-05-30 | 2022-05-30 | Aluminum-shell resistor based on evaporative cooling and working method thereof |
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| CN114999751A CN114999751A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
| CN114999751B true CN114999751B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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Citations (8)
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| CN111653402A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-11 | 蚌埠市欧利特电子科技有限公司 | Resistor with high stability |
| CN112687439A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 上海吉泰电阻器有限公司 | Novel high-voltage forced cooling high-power resistance element |
| CN114334315A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-12 | 广东福德电子有限公司 | High-performance water-cooling aluminum shell resistor |
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2022
- 2022-05-30 CN CN202210600553.5A patent/CN114999751B/en active Active
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| CN102610340A (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2012-07-25 | 安徽昌盛电子有限公司 | Temperature insured anti-lightning surge wirewound resistor |
| CN207663863U (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-07-27 | 广东福德电子有限公司 | A kind of aluminum hull water-cooled resistor |
| EP3570299A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-20 | ABB Schweiz AG | Voltage limiting energy absorber with fast thermal recovery |
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