CN114993122B - Test system and method for simulating small hole distance tunneling surface blasting electrostatic interference - Google Patents
Test system and method for simulating small hole distance tunneling surface blasting electrostatic interference Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C21/00—Checking fuzes; Testing fuzes
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Abstract
The application provides a test system and a test method for simulating blasting electrostatic interference of a small-hole-distance tunneling surface, wherein a first initiator bus and a second initiator bus are arranged on an initiator, and an electrostatic gun head and an electrostatic gun ground are arranged on an electrostatic generator; the fixed end of the first test switch is used for connecting a first electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the first test switch can be connected with the first igniter bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun land; the fixed end of the second test switch is used for connecting a second electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the second test switch can be connected with the second detonator bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun land; the detection device is used for measuring the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator module. The application can rapidly find out the static weak point of the electronic detonator module, and pertinently improves the ESD protection performance of the detonator module, thereby greatly reducing the blind gun proportion during blasting of the detonator.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic detonators, in particular to a test system and a test method for simulating explosion electrostatic interference of a small hole distance tunneling surface.
Background
In the current blasting of electronic detonators, especially in small-hole-distance roadway tunneling blasting, the probability of blind blasting is relatively high, and the artificial factors such as irregular construction of field workers are removed, so that the blind blasting is greatly related to the characteristics of tunneling blasting. Because the delay is different when the electronic detonator is blasted in a networking way, the hole distance of the blasting of the tunneling surface is smaller, and the detonator which is blasted first can generate some interference signals to enter the electronic detonator which is blasted later, if the protection of the electronic detonator is not in place, the work of the detonator is easy to be abnormal, and the explosion rejection is generated.
According to the analysis results of the electronic detonators which are rejected from the site, a great part of the interference is static generated in the explosion process, and how the static enters the detonators is specific to the detonators, so that the specific influence on the detonation of the detonators does not have a very clear theory at present, and meanwhile, no good method is provided for simulating and analyzing the problems at present.
In some existing electronic detonator static test systems, static electricity is directly charged between two ends of a leg wire A, B of an electronic detonator module through an ESD static generator, and finally, the basis of the electronic detonator passing the static electricity test is that an ignition powder head of the electronic detonator module should not be ignited. The existing electronic detonator static test system only needs no ignition for the ESD test of the electronic detonator module, namely, the detonator is not exploded by mistake, but the capacitor voltage of the detonator module cannot be tested to discharge.
Some detection methods adopt a mode of observing the voltage of the energy storage capacitor to judge, but the voltage is detected by directly applying detection equipment to the energy storage capacitor by mistake, which is equivalent to adding an extra path on the detonator module, which can lead to an ESD test result being completely incorrect and seriously inconsistent with the field situation.
In some detection methods, a small LED is used to replace the firing resistor Rf, and after the detonator is delayed and ESD electrostatic interference is injected, whether the energy storage capacitor is discharged is judged by observing whether the LED can be turned on or not.
Patent document with publication number CN100562753C discloses an electrostatic detection device of an explosion-proof fluidized bed, which consists of a probe, a conversion circuit and an explosion-proof electronic box, wherein the probe comprises a stainless steel sheath and an electrode encapsulated in the stainless steel sheath; the conversion circuit comprises a measuring resistor, a converter, a data acquisition display system and a direct current power supply which are connected in series, and the measuring resistor and the converter are arranged in the explosion-proof electronic box. However, the detection device of this patent document is not suitable for electrostatic detection of an electronic detonator.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a test system and a test method for simulating the blasting electrostatic interference of a small-hole-distance tunneling surface.
The application provides a test system for simulating small hole distance tunneling surface blasting electrostatic interference, which comprises an exploder, an electrostatic generator, a first test switch, a second test switch and detection equipment, wherein the exploder is connected with the electrostatic generator;
the primary initiator is provided with a first primary initiator bus and a second primary initiator bus, and the electrostatic generator is provided with an electrostatic gun head and an electrostatic gun ground;
the fixed end of the first test switch is used for being connected with a first electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the first test switch can be connected with the first detonator bus, the static gun head and the static gun ground;
the fixed end of the second test switch is used for connecting a second electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the second test switch can be connected with the second detonator bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun land;
the detection equipment is used for measuring the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator module.
Preferably, the electronic detonator module comprises an electronic detonator chip, a front-stage protection circuit, a bridge pile circuit, a communication capacitor, a firing element, a firing switch and an energy storage capacitor;
the first electronic detonator module bus is connected with the first input end of the front-stage protection circuit, and the second electronic detonator module bus is connected with the second input end of the front-stage protection circuit;
the first output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the first pin of the electronic detonator chip and the first connecting end of the bridge pile circuit, and the second output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the second pin of the electronic detonator chip and the second connecting end of the bridge pile circuit;
the third connecting end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the third pin of the electronic detonator chip, and the fourth connecting end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the fourth pin of the electronic detonator chip;
one end of the communication capacitor is connected with a fifth pin of the electronic detonator chip, and the other end of the communication capacitor is grounded;
a sixth pin of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the ignition element, one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the detection equipment; a seventh pin of the electronic detonator chip is connected with a base electrode of the ignition switch;
the collector of the ignition switch is connected with the other end of the ignition element, and the emitter of the ignition switch is grounded;
the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the other end of the detection device and grounded.
Preferably, the front-stage protection circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor and a TVS tube;
one end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and connected with one end of the TVS tube, and the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit;
one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the TVS tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
Preferably, the front-stage protection circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor and an ESD tube;
one end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and connected with one end of the ESD tube, and the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit;
one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the ESD tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
Preferably, the electrostatic generator is an ESD electrostatic generator, and the detection device is a multimeter or an oscilloscope.
Preferably, the ignition element is a bridge wire resistor or a metal patch resistor.
The application also provides a test method of the test system for simulating the blasting electrostatic interference of the small hole distance tunneling surface based on the test method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of respectively striking a first test switch and a second test switch at the positions of a first initiator bus and a second initiator bus, connecting an electronic detonator module with the initiators, supplying power to the electronic detonator module through the initiators, the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, and outputting an effective reset signal POR to reset the electronic detonator chip through an internal reset circuit after the electronic detonator chip is electrified, wherein the electronic detonator chip enters a standby state and waits for receiving an instruction;
step 2: sending a scanning command through an exploder to obtain a user equipment coding UID of the electronic detonator module;
step 3: the delay time is set for the electronic detonator through the detonator and the user equipment coding UID, and the delay value is set to be the configurable maximum value of the electronic detonator chip;
step 4: an energy storage capacitor charging command is sent through an exploder, and the capacitor is charged to a preset high voltage U h The detonator is used for simulating detonator initiation;
step 5: after the capacitor is charged, verifying the detonation password through the exploder, after the detonation password is verified, sending a detonation command through the exploder, and entering a delay mode of countdown before detonation after the detonation command is received by the electronic detonator chip;
step 6: according to different ESD static test types, the positions of the first test switch and the second test switch are controlled respectively:
test type one: simulating static electricity to enter from the first electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the second electronic detonator module bus, and striking the first test switch at the position of the static gun head and suspending the second test switch;
test type two: simulating static electricity to enter from the second electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the first electronic detonator module bus, suspending the first test switch and not connecting the first test switch, and striking the second test switch at the position of the static electricity gun head;
test type three: simulating the static loops of the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, and then striking the first test switch at the position of the static gun head and striking the second test switch at the position of the static gun;
step 7: for the three ESD electrostatic test types in step 6, at least the following test items are required to test the electronic detonator module:
test item one: contact discharge above +8kV, N times in 10 seconds, N > =20;
test item two: -contact discharge above 8kV, N consecutive times 10 seconds, N > =20;
step 8: after the static electricity is charged, the detection equipment is connected into the electronic detonator module, and the voltage U of the energy storage capacitor at the moment is measured 1 ；
Step 9: according to the measured voltage U 1 And judging whether the electronic detonator module is qualified or not.
Preferably, the delay value is greater than or equal to 60s.
Preferably, in the step 4, the preset high pressure is in a range of 16V to 25V.
Preferably, in the step 9, a normal drop range U of the voltage of the storage capacitor is calculated according to the normal leakage current I, the test time t and the capacity C of the storage capacitor 2 The calculation formula is as follows: i=c×u 2 ；
If U is h -U 1 U is less than or equal to 2 The electronic detonator module is qualified; if U is h -U 1 Greater than U 2 And the electronic detonator module is disqualified.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the application, after the electronic detonator module enters the detonation countdown, the static interference is injected from the static generator to test the antistatic performance of the detonator module, and strict test indexes are defined, so that the measurement result is more accurate;
2. the electronic detonator module is tested by adopting the testing method, so that the static weak point of the electronic detonator module can be quickly found, the ESD protection performance of the detonator module is pertinently improved, and the blind gun proportion during blasting of the detonator is greatly reduced;
3. the testing method adopts a mode that the electronic detonator chip enters a countdown delay mode before detonation and then is injected with ESD interference, so that the actual situation in the small hole distance tunneling surface blasting can be simulated most truly, and the reliability of the electronic detonator module when the electronic detonator module is interfered by the ESD entering from the foot line can be tested.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of steps of a test method for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the application in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present application.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a test system for simulating the explosion electrostatic interference of a small hole distance tunneling surface, which comprises an initiator, an electrostatic generator, a first test switch, a second test switch and detection equipment, wherein a first initiator bus and a second initiator bus are arranged on the initiator, an electrostatic gun head and an electrostatic gun ground are arranged on the electrostatic generator, a fixed end of the first test switch is used for connecting a first electronic detonator module bus of an electronic detonator module, a contact end of the first test switch can be connected with the first initiator bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun ground, a fixed end of the second test switch is used for connecting a second electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, a contact end of the second test switch can be connected with the second initiator bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun ground, and the detection equipment is used for measuring voltages at two ends of an energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator module.
The electrostatic generator is an ESD electrostatic generator, and the detection equipment is a multimeter or an oscilloscope. The ignition element is a bridge wire resistor or a metal patch resistor.
The electronic detonator module comprises an electronic detonator chip, a front-stage protection circuit, a bridge pile circuit, a communication capacitor, a firing element, a firing switch and an energy storage capacitor, wherein the first electronic detonator module bus is connected with the first input end of the front-stage protection circuit, the second electronic detonator module bus is connected with the second input end of the front-stage protection circuit, the first output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the first pin of the electronic detonator chip and the first connection end of the bridge pile circuit, the second output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the second pin of the electronic detonator chip and the second connection end of the bridge pile circuit, the third connection end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the third pin of the electronic detonator chip, the fourth connection end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the fourth pin of the electronic detonator chip, one end of the communication capacitor is connected with the fifth pin of the electronic detonator chip, the other end of the communication capacitor is grounded, the sixth pin of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the firing element, one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the detection device, the seventh end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with the base electrode of the firing switch, the other end of the firing switch is connected with the collector electrode of the firing switch, the third connection end of the firing element is grounded, and the emitter of the detector is grounded.
The front-stage protection circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor and a TVS tube, wherein one end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with one end of the TVS tube, the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit, one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the TVS tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
The embodiment also provides a detection method of the test system for simulating the blasting electrostatic interference of the small hole distance tunneling surface based on the above, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the first test switch and the second test switch are respectively arranged at the positions of the first initiator bus and the second initiator bus, the electronic detonator module is connected with the initiator, the electronic detonator module is powered through the initiator, the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, after the electronic detonator chip is powered on, an effective reset signal POR is output through the internal reset circuit to reset the electronic detonator chip, and the electronic detonator chip enters a standby state and waits for receiving instructions.
Step 2: and sending a scanning command through the initiator to obtain the user equipment coding UID of the electronic detonator module.
Step 3: and finishing delay time setting of the electronic detonator by using the detonator and the user equipment coding UID, and setting a delay value as a configurable maximum value of an electronic detonator chip, wherein the delay value is greater than or equal to 60s.
Step 4: an energy storage capacitor charging command is sent through an exploder, and the capacitor is charged to a preset high voltage U h The method is used for simulating detonator initiation, and the range of preset high pressure is 16V-25V.
Step 5: after the capacitor is charged, the initiation password is verified through the initiator, after verification is successful, an initiation command is sent through the initiator, and after the initiation command is received by the electronic detonator chip, a delay mode of countdown before initiation is entered.
Step 6: according to different ESD static test types, the positions of the first test switch and the second test switch are controlled respectively:
test type one: simulating static electricity to enter from the first electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the second electronic detonator module bus, and striking the first test switch at the position of the static gun head and suspending the second test switch;
test type two: simulating static electricity to enter from the second electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the first electronic detonator module bus, suspending the first test switch and not connecting the first test switch, and striking the second test switch at the position of the static electricity gun head;
test type three: and simulating the static loops of the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, and then striking the first test switch at the static gun head position and striking the second test switch at the static gun position.
Step 7: for the three ESD electrostatic test types in step 6, at least the following test items are required to test the electronic detonator module:
test item one: contact discharge above +8kV, N times in 10 seconds, N > =20;
test item two: -contact discharge above 8kV, N consecutive times 10 seconds, N > =20.
Step 8: after the static electricity is charged, the detection equipment is connected into the electronic detonator module, and the voltage U of the energy storage capacitor at the moment is measured 1 。
Step 9: according to the measured voltage U 1 Judging whether the electronic detonator module is qualified or not, and calculating the normal falling range U of the voltage of the energy storage capacitor according to the normal leakage current I of the energy storage capacitor, the test time t and the capacity C of the energy storage capacitor 2 The calculation formula is as follows: i=c×u 2 。
If U is h -U 1 U is less than or equal to 2 The electronic detonator module is qualified; if U is h -U 1 Greater than U 2 And the electronic detonator module is disqualified.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the front-stage protection circuit includes a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor, and an ESD tube.
One end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with one end of the ESD tube, the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit, one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the ESD tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
Example 3：
The present embodiment will be understood by those skilled in the art as a more specific description of embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a test system for simulating the explosion electrostatic interference of a small hole distance tunneling surface, which comprises an initiator, an ESD electrostatic generator, a test switch 1, a test switch 2, an electronic detonator module and a detection device.
An exploder: the electronic detonator detonation controller is communicated with the electronic detonator module through a A, B two-bus; ESD electrostatic generator: an electrostatic generator which can generate ESD pulse required by test; test switch 1: selecting whether the electronic detonator module A bus is from an initiator A bus or an electrostatic gun head of an ESD electrostatic generator or the ground; test switch 2: selecting whether the electronic detonator module B bus is from an initiator B bus or an electrostatic gun head of an ESD electrostatic generator or the ground; an electronic detonator module: the method comprises the steps of receiving an instruction of an exploder through a leg wire to explode and detonate explosive, wherein the exploder comprises an electronic detonator chip, a front-stage protection circuit, a bridge pile circuit, a communication capacitor, an ignition element, an ignition switch, an energy storage capacitor and the like; detection equipment: the voltage measuring instrument such as a multimeter or an oscilloscope can be realized.
Front-stage protection circuit: a transient high voltage suppressing tube (TVS tube) or an electrostatic protection tube (ESD tube), a current limiting resistor Rs, and a high voltage suppressing device for suppressing the interference signal coming from the leg wire; bridge stack circuit: completing the conversion from alternating current to direct current of the A, B two buses, and outputting VDD/GND to supply power to the chip; an electronic detonator chip: the main control chip of the electronic detonator module receives the instruction, controls delay and completes detonation; communication capacitance: the detonator chip is used for supplying power to the chip when the detonator chip communicates or enters the initiation countdown; energy storage capacitor: after the chip receives a charging instruction, charging is carried out, and the stored energy is used for heating the ignition element Rf when the electronic detonator is detonated, so that the medicine head wrapped on the ignition element is detonated; firing element: the bridge wire resistor or the metal patch resistor is used for detonating the medicine head after heating; firing switch: when the ignition countdown is finished, the ignition switch is turned on through an ignition control FIRE signal under the control of the electronic detonator chip, and the energy of the energy storage capacitor is instantaneously released through the ignition element and the switch to detonate the powder head.
Working principle:
step one: the test switch 1 and the test switch 2 are respectively arranged at the position 1 and the position 2, the electronic detonator module is connected with the exploder, the exploder supplies power to the electronic detonator module through a A, B bus, and after the detonator chip is electrified, the internal reset circuit outputs an effective reset signal POR to reset the chip, and the chip enters a standby state to wait for receiving an instruction;
step two: the initiator sends a scanning command to obtain a user equipment code UID of the electronic detonator module;
step three: the detonator completes delay time setting on the electronic detonator through the UID, wherein a delay value is set to be the maximum value which can be configured by a chip, and the delay value is generally more than 60 s;
step four: the initiator sends a charge command to charge the energy storage capacitor to a high voltage U h For simulating detonator initiation, the high pressure U h Typically 16V to 25V;
step five: after the detonator waits for the capacitor to be charged, the detonator verifies the detonation password, and after the detonation password is successful, the detonator chip sends a detonation command, and after receiving the detonation command, the detonator chip enters a delay mode of countdown before detonation;
step six: the positions of the test switch 1 and the test switch 2 are respectively controlled according to different ESD electrostatic test types:
type one: if the simulation static electricity enters from the line A and does not exit from the line B, the test switch 1 is arranged at the position 3, and the test switch 2 is suspended and not connected;
type two: if the simulation static electricity enters from the line B and does not exit from the line A, the test switch 1 is suspended and not connected, and the test switch 2 is arranged at the position 3;
type three: if the static loop is an analog A line and B line static loop, the test switch 1 is arranged at the position 3, and the test switch 2 is arranged at the position 4;
three main types of distinction: in the first type and the second type, static electricity cannot form a loop, all static electricity can enter the detonator module, and the difference between the static electricity and the detonator module is whether the static electricity enters from the line A or the line B, so that the module is affected differently; the third type forms a complete static loop, static electricity enters from the line A and finally exits from the line B (or enters from the line B and exits from the line A, and the difference is not large), and the static electricity is not accumulated on the detonator module;
step seven: for the above three types, at least the following test items are required to test the module:
test item one: contact discharge above +8kV, N consecutive times (N > =20) for 10 seconds;
test item two: -contact discharge above 8kV, N consecutive times (N > =20) for 10 seconds;
the two test items are all carried out under the three types, and the ESD test of air discharge can be added to the module, so that the reliability of the module is further improved;
step eight: after the static electricity is discharged, the detection device is connected to measure the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, and the whole test process is generally continued within 20 seconds due to the small leakage current (less than 20 uA), and is calculated according to the ratio of Ixt=C×U, assuming that the capacitance is 100uF, U=I×t/C=20×20/100=4 (V), that is, the capacitance voltage is normally reduced by not more than 4V, if the capacitance voltage is obviously reduced, such as from the charged high voltage U h The voltage is reduced by at least more than 5V, which indicates that the capacitor has obvious discharge phenomenon under the action of static electricity, the explosion rejection risk exists in the field use, and the module is judged to be unqualified, otherwise, the module is judged to be qualified.
In the existing test system, static electricity is directly charged between two ends of the leg wire A, B of the electronic detonator module through the ESD static electricity generator, and finally, the basis of the electronic detonator passing the static electricity test is that the ignition powder head of the electronic detonator module should not be ignited. The test system of the embodiment firstly supplies power to the electronic detonator through the exploder, completes the complete explosion process, makes the electronic detonator enter a delay countdown state, and then uses the ESD electrostatic generator to apply static electricity to the electronic detonator module, wherein the static electricity applying mode comprises an A end (B suspension), a B end (A suspension) and an AB end, and finally judges whether the electronic detonator passes the static electricity test or not according to whether the voltage on the measured energy storage capacitor of the detection equipment is within a reasonable range or not.
The electronic detonator module is tested by adopting the testing method, so that the static weak point of the electronic detonator module can be quickly found, the ESD protection performance of the detonator module is pertinently improved, and the blind gun proportion during blasting of the detonator is greatly reduced;
the foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (9)
1. The test system for simulating the small hole distance tunneling surface blasting electrostatic interference is characterized by comprising an exploder, an electrostatic generator, a first test switch, a second test switch and detection equipment;
the primary initiator is provided with a first primary initiator bus and a second primary initiator bus, and the electrostatic generator is provided with an electrostatic gun head and an electrostatic gun ground;
the fixed end of the first test switch is used for being connected with a first electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the first test switch can be connected with the first detonator bus, the static gun head and the static gun ground;
the fixed end of the second test switch is used for connecting a second electronic detonator module bus of the electronic detonator module, and the contact end of the second test switch can be connected with the second detonator bus, the electrostatic gun head and the electrostatic gun land;
the detection equipment is used for measuring the voltages at two ends of the energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator module;
the electronic detonator module comprises an electronic detonator chip, a front-stage protection circuit, a bridge pile circuit, a communication capacitor, a firing element, a firing switch and an energy storage capacitor;
the first electronic detonator module bus is connected with the first input end of the front-stage protection circuit, and the second electronic detonator module bus is connected with the second input end of the front-stage protection circuit;
the first output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the first pin of the electronic detonator chip and the first connecting end of the bridge pile circuit, and the second output end of the front-stage protection circuit is respectively connected with the second pin of the electronic detonator chip and the second connecting end of the bridge pile circuit;
the third connecting end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the third pin of the electronic detonator chip, and the fourth connecting end of the bridge pile circuit is connected with the fourth pin of the electronic detonator chip;
one end of the communication capacitor is connected with a fifth pin of the electronic detonator chip, and the other end of the communication capacitor is grounded;
a sixth pin of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the ignition element, one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the detection equipment; a seventh pin of the electronic detonator chip is connected with a base electrode of the ignition switch;
the collector of the ignition switch is connected with the other end of the ignition element, and the emitter of the ignition switch is grounded;
the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the other end of the detection device and grounded.
2. The test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference according to claim 1, wherein the front-stage protection circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor and a TVS tube;
one end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and connected with one end of the TVS tube, and the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit;
one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the TVS tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
3. The test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference of claim 2, wherein the pre-stage protection circuit comprises a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor and an ESD tube;
one end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first input end of the front-stage protection circuit and connected with one end of the ESD tube, and the other end of the first current limiting resistor is used as a first output end of the front-stage protection circuit;
one end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second input end of the front-stage protection circuit and is connected with the other end of the ESD tube, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as a second output end of the front-stage protection circuit.
4. The test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference of claim 1, wherein the electrostatic generator is an ESD electrostatic generator, and the detection device is a multimeter or an oscilloscope.
5. The test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference of claim 1, wherein the firing element is a bridge wire resistor or a metal chip resistor.
6. A test method based on the test system for simulating small hole distance heading face blasting electrostatic interference according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of respectively striking a first test switch and a second test switch at the positions of a first initiator bus and a second initiator bus, connecting an electronic detonator module with the initiators, supplying power to the electronic detonator module through the initiators, the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, and outputting an effective reset signal POR to reset the electronic detonator chip through an internal reset circuit after the electronic detonator chip is electrified, wherein the electronic detonator chip enters a standby state and waits for receiving an instruction;
step 2: sending a scanning command through an exploder to obtain a user equipment coding UID of the electronic detonator module;
step 3: the delay time is set for the electronic detonator through the detonator and the user equipment coding UID, and the delay value is set to be the configurable maximum value of the electronic detonator chip;
step 4: an energy storage capacitor charging command is sent through an exploder, and the energy storage capacitor is charged to a preset high voltage U h The detonator is used for simulating detonator initiation;
step 5: after the energy storage capacitor is charged, verifying the detonation password through the exploder, after the detonation password is verified, sending a detonation command through the exploder, and entering a delay mode of countdown before detonation after the detonation command is received by the electronic detonator chip;
step 6: according to different ESD static test types, the positions of the first test switch and the second test switch are controlled respectively:
test type one: simulating static electricity to enter from the first electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the second electronic detonator module bus, and striking the first test switch at the position of the static gun head and suspending the second test switch;
test type two: simulating static electricity to enter from the second electronic detonator module bus and not exit from the first electronic detonator module bus, suspending the first test switch and not connecting the first test switch, and striking the second test switch at the position of the static electricity gun head;
test type three: simulating the static loops of the first electronic detonator module bus and the second electronic detonator module bus, and then striking the first test switch at the position of the static gun head and striking the second test switch at the position of the static gun;
step 7: for the three ESD electrostatic test types in step 6, at least the following test items are required to test the electronic detonator module:
test item one: contact discharge above +8kV, N times in 10 seconds, N > =20;
test item two: -contact discharge above 8kV, N consecutive times 10 seconds, N > =20;
step 8: after the static electricity is charged, the detection equipment is connected into the electronic detonator module, and the stored energy electricity at the moment is measuredVoltage U of capacitor 1 ；
Step 9: according to the measured voltage U 1 And judging whether the electronic detonator module is qualified or not.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 3, the delay value is 60s or more.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 4, the preset high pressure is in a range of 16V to 25V.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 9, the normal drop range U of the voltage of the storage capacitor is calculated according to the normal leakage current I of the storage capacitor, the test time t and the capacity C of the storage capacitor 2 The calculation formula is as follows: i=c×u 2 ；
If U is h -U 1 U is less than or equal to 2 The electronic detonator module is qualified; if U is h -U 1 Greater than U 2 And the electronic detonator module is disqualified.
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