CN114992025B - Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply - Google Patents
Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN114992025B CN114992025B CN202210651098.1A CN202210651098A CN114992025B CN 114992025 B CN114992025 B CN 114992025B CN 202210651098 A CN202210651098 A CN 202210651098A CN 114992025 B CN114992025 B CN 114992025B
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- needle valve
- fuel
- guide section
- nozzle
- needle
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 69
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9038—Coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aeroengine fuel injector coupling adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply, which comprises a needle valve body and a needle valve; the needle valve body comprises a needle valve guide hole, a needle rod hole, a pressure containing cavity, an annular groove, a main fuel channel, a side fuel channel, a fuel injection hole and a sealing inner conical surface, wherein the main fuel channel is connected with the annular groove; the needle valve comprises a guide section, a conical surface sealing rod and a sealing outer conical surface, wherein the sealing outer conical surface is coated with a wear-resistant coating, an oil groove is formed in the lower stroke of the guide section of the needle valve, and the sealing outer conical surface of the needle valve is matched with the sealing inner conical surface of the needle valve body. The invention compensates the change of fuel density, improves the fuel injection quantity on the premise of considering the fuel atomization quality, improves the sealing life and reliability, solves the problem of mismatching of fuel supply quantity caused by different fuel viscosity and low heat value, and enables the injection rate of the carbon-negative fuel to be matched with the working condition of the navigation engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, in particular to an aeroengine fuel injector matching part suitable for supplying negative carbon biofuel.
Background
With the rapid development of aviation industry, aviation piston engine technology is getting more and more attention. However, because of limited petroleum resources and the exhaustion of petroleum resources, alternative fuels for diesel are being sought in various countries around the world. Use of carbon-negative biofuels as a replacement for traditional fossil fuelsThe fuel of aviation piston engines is a new solution. As mentioned in CN103890146, refers to a fuel in which more Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere at the time of manufacture than Carbon dioxide is emitted from combustion and Carbon dioxide is added as a result of the process used to manufacture the fuel (j.a. mathews, "Carbon-negative biofuels", energy Policy36 (2008) pages 940-945). Unlike traditional fossil fuels, carbon-negative biofuels have a negative sum of carbon emissions throughout the life cycle from biofuel production processing to combustion emissions. However, the nozzle of the diesel injector related in the prior art cannot adapt to the problems of mismatching of injection quantity and unsatisfied fuel atomization quality caused by physical parameter change of the negative carbon biofuel, such as that a certain negative carbon biofuel is derived from algae and other plants, the density of the fuel (at 20 ℃, the density of the negative carbon biofuel is 788-798kg/m3, the diesel is 840kg/m 3) is lower than that of the diesel, the low calorific value (the negative carbon biofuel is 45-46.2MJ/kg, the diesel is 42.5 MJ/kg) is higher than that of the diesel, the injection quantity needs to be adjusted to ensure enough engine power, the injection rate of the injector is influenced, and the kinematic viscosity of a certain negative carbon biofuel is smaller than that of heavy oil (at 40 ℃, the kinematic viscosity of the negative carbon biofuel is 1.60 mm) 2 Per second, diesel oil 2.5mm 2 S), although the diameter of the sprayed oil drops is smaller than that of diesel oil, the atomization degree is slightly lower than that of the diesel oil, and the lubrication characteristic of friction parts in an engine oil supply system is affected due to viscosity, so that the abrasion of parts is increased, the service life is shortened, and the service reliability is reduced. For the above reasons it is necessary to develop a fuel injector nozzle suitable for aviation piston engine carbon-loaded biofuels.
When the injector matching part works, the needle valve and the needle valve body must have good lubrication condition, otherwise, the phenomenon of seizure is easy to occur. To solve this problem, the patent publication No. CN201858069U, i.e., a diesel injector coupling for various fuels, provides a diesel injector coupling for various fuels, in which a lubrication groove is provided above a guide section of a needle valve, and high-pressure lubrication oil is pressed into a guide mating surface between the needle valve and a needle valve body from a lubrication oil passage and enters the lubrication groove on the needle valve, and a lubrication film is formed on the guide mating section of the needle valve and the needle valve body as the needle valve moves up and down. However, when the device uses the carbon-negative biofuel, the needle valve continuously reciprocates in the needle valve body along the axial direction due to different viscosities, the friction piece is subjected to long-term unidirectional match grinding, when the diesel engine fuel injection nozzle works, the contact parts of the needle valve and the friction piece are subjected to long-term unidirectional match grinding, so that the difference exists between the abrasion degrees of different parts on the needle valve body and the needle valve body, especially at the position of the sealing surface, the problem that the local abrasion of the sealing surface is too fast occurs after the needle valve and the needle valve body are subjected to long-term match grinding along the single direction can occur, the leak tightness is reduced, the sealing effect is finally disabled, and the service life and the service reliability of the coupling piece are reduced. In the aspect of solving unidirectional match grinding, a spiral groove is arranged on the wall of an inner hole of a valve body in the elevation range of a guide section in the 'needle valve body with a spiral structure' patent with publication number CN204436661U, when the device is used, after the needle valve is jacked up under the action of the pressure of diesel oil in a pressure accumulation cavity, the fuel oil returns to an oil return pipeline of the diesel oil after passing through a sealing section, a degassing cavity and the guide section I; in the process that the fuel flows through the guide section I, under the effect of the spiral groove, the fuel flows through the guide section I in a spiral mode, at the moment, the needle valve can rotate circumferentially under the action of a circumferential component of the acting force of the fuel, and in the operation process of the fuel engine, the needle valve can continuously rotate circumferentially along with repeated opening and closing of the nozzle, so that the contact position of the needle valve tip and the conical surface at the spray hole of the valve body can be continuously changed, the needle valve can be driven to do circumferential motion in the operation process, and long-term unidirectional wear of the needle valve between the tip and the needle valve body is avoided. The device rotates the needle valve body by utilizing the circumferential component of the acting force of the fuel oil in the oil return process. When the negative carbon biofuel is applied to an aeroengine, due to the change of parameters such as fuel density, viscosity, engine power, fuel pressure and the like, the circumferential component of the fuel acting force in the oil return process is only adopted, so that the needle valve is not enabled to perform effective axial movement, and the problem of unidirectional mating is solved. Meanwhile, the matching part is applied to the problem of mismatching of fuel supply quantity caused by different fuel viscosities and different fuel low heat values and the problem of combustion caused by different fuel atomization degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problem that the disclosed fuel injector matching parts cannot be well adapted to the negative carbon biofuel with different physicochemical properties, the invention discloses an aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapted to the oil supply of the negative carbon biofuel.
The complete technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
an aeroengine fuel injector coupling adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply comprises a needle valve body 1 and a needle valve 2;
the needle valve body 1 is provided with a needle valve guide hole 11, a side fuel channel 12, a main fuel channel 13, a fuel pressure cavity 14, an annular groove 15, a fuel nozzle 16 of a fuel injector, a sealing inner conical surface 17, a needle rod hole 18 and a nozzle spout 19;
the needle valve guide hole 11 is positioned in the center of the needle valve body 1 and is coaxial with the needle valve body 1, the annular groove 15 is positioned above the needle valve body 1, the main fuel channel 13 is positioned at one side of the needle valve guide hole 11 and is communicated with the fuel pressure containing cavity 14, the fuel pressure containing cavity 14 is positioned below the needle valve guide hole 11, the needle rod hole 18 is positioned below the fuel pressure containing cavity 14, the lower part of the needle rod hole 18 is communicated with the fuel nozzle 16 and the fuel nozzle 19 of the fuel injector, and the side surface of the needle valve body 1 is provided with the side fuel channel 12;
the main fuel channel 13 is communicated with the upper annular groove 15, the side fuel channel 12 is communicated with the needle valve guide hole 11, and the upper end of the side fuel channel 12 is communicated with the annular groove 15;
the needle valve 2 consists of a conical surface sealing rod 21, a needle valve guiding section 22 and a sealing outer conical surface 24, the needle valve guiding section 22 of the needle valve 2 is sleeved in the needle valve guiding hole 11 of the needle valve body 1, the conical surface sealing rod 21 is positioned in the needle rod hole 18, and the sealing outer conical surface 24 of the needle valve 2 is matched with the sealing inner conical surface 17 of the needle valve body 1;
the needle valve guide section 22 is provided with a needle valve guide section oil groove 23, when the needle valve body and the needle valve are in a sealing state, the upper end of the guide section oil groove 23 is positioned below an oil inlet of the side fuel channel, in the ascending process of the needle valve, the side fuel channel 12 is gradually opened, fuel is sprayed out of the side fuel channel 12 and acts on the needle valve guide section oil groove 23, the opening of the side fuel channel 12 is completely opened when the needle valve 2 moves to a top dead center, and when the needle valve reaches the top dead center, the lower section of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 reaches the oil inlet of the side fuel channel;
the number of the nozzle tips is 8, one nozzle tip is axially arranged, the rest nozzle tips are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the axial nozzle tip and uniformly distributed on a circle taking the central nozzle tip as a circle center, the axes of the circumferential nozzle tip and the axial nozzle tip intersect at one point, and the included angle between the nozzle tips 19 of two adjacent oil injectors is 72 degrees.
Preferably, the sealing outer cone 24, the needle valve guide bore inner surface and the needle valve guide segment surface have a nano ceramic wear resistant coating.
Preferably, the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5-60 degrees, the number is 3-10, and the side fuel oil channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is one third to two thirds of the length of the needle valve guide section 22;
the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is parallel to the axis of the needle valve 2;
the depth of the needle valve guide section oil grooves 23 is 0.1-1 mm, the width is 0.1-1 mm, the needle valve guide section oil grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the needle valve, and the number of the oil grooves is 3-20.
Preferably, the return spring matched with the needle valve 2 is made of 304 stainless steel.
Preferably, the included angle between the side fuel passages 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel passages is 3;
the length of the needle guide section oil groove 23 is one third of the length of the needle guide section 22.
Preferably, the depth of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is 0.2mm, the groove width is 1mm, and the number of the grooves is 10.
Preferably, the number of needle valve guide section oil grooves 23 and the depth and width of the needle valve guide section oil grooves 23 are as follows:
H*W*A＝C
wherein H is the depth of the oil grooves of the guide section, W is the width of the oil grooves of the guide section, A is the number of the oil grooves of the guide section, and C is a constant.
Preferably, the diameter of the nozzles is 0.18mm, one nozzle is axially arranged, the rest nozzles are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the axial nozzle, the axes of the circumferential nozzles intersect with the axes of the axial nozzles at a point, and the included angle between the circumferential nozzles is 72 degrees, so that the number of the nozzles is 8.
According to the use method of the aircraft engine fuel injector coupling, fuel is pressurized by the fuel pump and flows into the pressure containing cavity through the fuel channel of the fuel injector, when the pressure exceeds the preset fuel injection pressure, the ECU sends a pulse signal, the electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic attraction force, the armature sucks the needle valve, the reset spring is pressed, the sealed inner conical surface is separated from the sealed outer conical surface, high-pressure fuel is sprayed out through the nozzle orifice of the fuel nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure containing cavity is reduced after the fuel is sprayed out, the electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the reset spring forces the needle valve to reset and close the nozzle orifice, the fuel injector stops injecting fuel, the pressure of the pressure containing cavity rises again, and the working process of the fuel injector is completed in a reciprocating cycle mode;
when the needle valve rises, the oil inlet of the side fuel channel is gradually opened, and the fuel passing through the side fuel channel flows into the guide section of the needle valve and the needle valve body, so that the fuel has tangential velocity and interacts with the oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate circumferentially, and when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet of the side fuel channel is gradually closed.
Preferably, the needle valve starting pressure is increased from 225bar to 255bar, so that the pressure during fuel injection is increased, the speed of the fuel injection nozzle is increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low atomization performance of the fuel is compensated.
The invention has the advantages compared with the prior art that:
(1) The invention improves the injection pressure to compensate the change of the fuel density, so that the injection rate of the carbon-negative biofuel is matched with the working condition of the navigation engine, thereby meeting the requirement of providing proper fuel mixture for the cylinder in the whole working range of the engine under all flight and atmospheric conditions.
(2) The diameter of the nozzle orifice of the oil sprayer can be increased by a certain oil injection quantity on the premise of considering the atomization quality of the fuel oil, the problem of mismatching of the oil supply quantity caused by different viscosity and different low heat value of the fuel is solved, and the injected fuel oil flow is fully controllable as a part of an aviation piston engine.
(3) The nano ceramic coating uniformly coated on the invention can prolong the sealing life of each part and increase the reliability, and the roughness of the surface of each fuel channel ensures that the thickness of the boundary layer of the flowing negative carbon biofuel does not influence the oil supply flow, and can ensure the fuel supply under different flight working conditions.
(4) According to the invention, the side fuel oil channel opened at the guide section of the needle valve body is matched with the groove on the needle valve, so that the needle valve can perform rotary motion along the circumferential direction, the blocking phenomenon caused by lack of lubrication between the needle valve and the needle valve body can be avoided, long-term single-item matched grinding between the needle valve and the needle valve body is effectively prevented, the reliability of the coupling part is increased, and the service life of the coupling part is prolonged.
(5) According to the invention, the side fuel oil channel opened at the guide section of the needle valve body is matched with the groove on the needle valve, so that the heat load caused by long-time friction of the guide section can be reduced, the phenomenon that the needle valve is blocked due to long-time work of the fuel injector can be effectively avoided, and the requirement of high reliability of an aeroengine is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the construction of an injector coupling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle valve body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle valve;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a needle nozzle;
fig. 5 is a bottom view of the needle nozzle.
The device comprises a 1-needle valve body, a 2-needle valve, a 11-needle valve guide hole, a 12-side fuel channel, a 13-main fuel channel, a 14-fuel pressure cavity, a 15-annular groove, a 16-needle valve body nozzle, a 17-sealed inner conical surface, a 18-needle rod hole, a 19-nozzle spout, a 21-conical surface sealing rod, a 22-needle valve guide section, a 23-needle valve guide section oil groove and a 24-sealed outer conical surface.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and not limiting of the present application.
Fig. 1-3 show an aeroengine fuel injector coupling adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply according to the present embodiment of the invention, the fuel injector coupling comprises a needle valve body 1 and a needle valve 2, a needle valve guide hole 11, a side fuel channel 12, a main fuel channel 13, a fuel pressure containing cavity 14, an annular groove 15, a fuel injector nozzle 16, a sealing inner conical surface 17, a needle rod hole 18 and a nozzle 19 are arranged on the needle valve body 1, wherein the main fuel channel 13 is communicated with the fuel pressure containing cavity 14, the main fuel channel 13 is communicated with an upper annular groove 15, the side fuel channel 12 is communicated with the needle valve guide hole 11, and the upper end of the side fuel channel 12 is communicated with the annular groove 15.
The front section of the fuel pressure cavity 14 is provided with a needle bar hole 18, and the front of the needle bar hole 18 is provided with a fuel injector nozzle 16 and a nozzle 19. The inner surface of the needle valve body 1 is provided with a sealing inner conical surface 17 matched with the needle valve 2.
The needle valve 2 provided by the invention consists of a conical surface sealing rod 21, a needle valve guiding section 22, a needle valve guiding section oil groove 23 and a sealing outer conical surface 24, wherein the needle valve guiding section 22 of the needle valve 2 is sleeved in the needle valve guiding hole 11 of the needle valve body 1, the conical surface sealing rod 21 is positioned in the needle rod hole 18, the sealing outer conical surface 24 of the needle valve 2 is matched with the sealing inner conical surface 17 of the needle valve body 1, and nano ceramic wear-resistant coatings are arranged on the sealing outer conical surface 24, the inner surface of the needle valve guiding hole and the surface of the needle valve guiding section.
Fig. 2 shows the needle valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the outlet position of the lateral fuel passage 12 is determined by the position of the oil groove 23 of the needle guide section, and the outlet of the lateral fuel passage 12 is completely opened when the needle valve 2 moves to the top dead center and is completely closed when the needle valve 2 moves to the bottom dead center. When the needle valve 2 moves upwards, the outlet of the lateral fuel passage is gradually opened, the momentum of fuel along the tangential direction enables the needle valve 2 to rotate along the rotation axis, so that when the needle valve 2 falls back, the contact point with the sealing inner conical surface 17 is changed, the problem of long-term unidirectional match grinding is effectively avoided, and the service life of the injector matching part is prolonged.
Unlike CN204436661U, which uses the circumferential component of the fuel force in the oil return process (i.e. the needle valve is lowered) to rotate the needle valve, the present invention adopts the side fuel passage 12, and during the oil injection process (i.e. the needle valve is raised), the side fuel passage 12 is gradually opened, and during the needle valve is lowered, the side fuel passage 12 is gradually closed. In the process of lifting and descending the needle valve, fuel is sprayed out from the side fuel channel 12 gradually and acts on the guide section oil groove 23 of the needle valve, so that the needle valve moves circumferentially to avoid unidirectional mating.
Meanwhile, the structure of the invention can realize flexible adjustment on the circumferential force applied to the needle valve, and through simulation and actual verification, the invention discovers that the invention aims at the negative carbon biofuel with different density viscosities and injection quantity requirements, and designs the needle valve in terms of the arrangement quantity of the side fuel channels 12, the included angle between the side fuel channels and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11, the outlet pressure of the side fuel channels 12, the position of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 on the needle valve guide section, the quantity, the length, the depth and the width of the oil groove 23 and the angle relation between the needle valve axis, so that the needle valve can perform effective circumferential movement, and the sealing effect and the service life are prevented from being influenced by rotation friction.
According to the design concept, the embodiment provides an even member with a specific structure, which comprises a needle valve body and a needle valve matched with the needle valve body, and specifically comprises:
the included angle between the side fuel channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is not too large, otherwise, the tangential velocity of the fuel is too large, so that the needle valve 2 can generate rotary friction with the sealing inner conical surface 17 after falling back, and the sealing effect and the service life are affected. Specifically, the included angle between the side fuel channels 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5-60 degrees, the number of the side fuel channels is 3-10, and the side fuel channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; preferably, the included angle between the side fuel channels 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel channels is 3;
the lateral fuel passages 12 are uniformly distributed along the matching axis of the needle valve body 1 and the needle valve 2 so as to ensure that the needle valve 2 is uniformly stressed when in rotary motion, and the abrasion of the needle valve 2 and the needle valve body 1 caused by overlarge pressure on one side surface and the sealing effect of an injector coupling are not influenced. On the other hand, the opening of the side fuel passage 12 is completely opened when the needle valve 2 is operated to the top dead center, otherwise, the outlet pressure of the side fuel passage 12 is basically balanced with the pressure of the fuel pressure containing cavity 14, the speed of the fuel flowing out of the side fuel passage 12 is lower, the rotating effect of the needle valve 2 is small, and the expected effect cannot be met.
Fig. 3 shows the needle valve 2 according to the present embodiment, in which the oil groove 23 is formed between one third and two thirds of the length of the needle valve guiding section 22, the length of the needle valve guiding section oil groove 23 is preferably not too long, and in this embodiment, the length of the needle valve guiding section oil groove 23 is preferably one third of the length of the needle valve guiding section 22. Normally, the needle valve guiding section oil groove 23 is parallel to the axis of the needle valve 2, and when the injection pressure is low or high, the inclination angle of the needle valve guiding section oil groove 23 should be appropriately changed to change the circumferential force acting on the needle valve, so as to ensure that the needle valve 2 rotates appropriately. When the number of the opened guide section oil grooves 23 is changed, the depth and width of the guide section oil grooves 23 should be changed correspondingly, and preferably, the parameter settings of the guide section oil grooves should be in accordance with the following relation:
H*W*A＝C
wherein H is the depth of the oil grooves of the guide section, W is the width of the oil grooves of the guide section, A is the number of the oil grooves of the guide section, and C is a constant. The design avoids the change of oil pressure and does not influence the working effect.
Specifically, the depth of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is 0.1-1 mm, the width is 0.1-1 mm, the needle valve guide section oil groove is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the needle valve, and the number of the oil grooves is 3-20. Preferably, the depth of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is 0.2mm, the groove width is 1mm, and the number of grooves is 10.
The oil resistance of the return spring is enhanced by adopting 304 stainless steel materials as the return spring matched with the needle valve 2 in the embodiment of the invention, and the spring stiffness of the return spring is four fifths of that of the conventional return spring, so that the closing pressure of the oil nozzle 16 of the oil injector is slightly reduced, even if the oil pressure reaches one fifth of that of the needle valve matched with the conical surface to be opened, the along-path pressure loss and the local loss of the fuel pressure in an oil path are compensated, particularly the local pressure loss in an annular groove are compensated, and the nozzle of the oil injector can be stably opened and closed within a specified time when the negative-carbon biofuel is used, so that the small-flow oil supply requirement of a navigation piston engine can be met.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the injector nozzle orifice 19 of the needle valve body 1 in an embodiment of the present invention, the axes of the orifices intersecting at a point, and the orifice axis at the center coinciding with the axis of the needle valve 2.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the nozzle tips 19 of the injector of the needle valve body 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle tips 19 distributed along the circumferential direction are uniformly distributed on a circle centered on the central nozzle, and the included angle between two adjacent nozzle tips 19 distributed along the circumferential direction is 72 °. The expansion of the nozzle orifice of the oil injector makes up the problem that the oil injection quantity is not matched with the power of the aviation piston engine because the density of the negative carbon biofuel is lower than that of diesel oil.
In the working process of the coupling, fuel is pressurized by a fuel pump and flows into a pressure containing cavity through a fuel channel of a fuel injector, when the pressure exceeds the preset fuel injection pressure, an ECU sends a pulse signal, an electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic attraction force, an armature sucks up a needle valve, a reset spring is pressed, a sealing inner conical surface is separated from a sealing outer conical surface, high-pressure fuel is sprayed out through a nozzle orifice of a fuel nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure containing cavity is reduced after the fuel is sprayed out, an electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the reset spring forces a needle valve to reset and close the nozzle orifice, the fuel injector stops injecting fuel, the pressure of the pressure containing cavity rises again, and the working process of the fuel injector is completed in a reciprocating cycle;
when the needle valve rises, the oil inlet of the side fuel channel is gradually opened, and the fuel passing through the side fuel channel flows into the guide section of the needle valve and the needle valve body, so that the fuel has tangential velocity and interacts with the oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate circumferentially, and when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet of the side fuel channel is gradually closed.
According to the invention, the needle valve starting pressure is increased from 225bar to 255bar, so that the pressure during fuel injection is increased, the speed of fuel injection nozzle nozzles can be increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low atomization performance of fuel is compensated.
The aeroengine fuel injector matching part suitable for the negative carbon biofuel supply is subjected to simulation experiments, and experiments are carried out on the aeropiston engine under different rotating speeds and loads, and the experiment proves that the negative carbon biofuel circulation fuel injection quantity can adapt to the fuel supply requirements of the aeropiston engine under different working conditions.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aeroengine fuel injector coupling adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply is characterized by comprising a needle valve body (1) and a needle valve (2);
the needle valve body (1) is provided with a needle valve guide hole (11), a side fuel channel (12), a main fuel channel (13), a fuel pressure cavity (14), an annular groove (15), a fuel injector nozzle (16), a sealing inner conical surface (17), a needle rod hole (18) and a nozzle spout (19);
the needle valve guide hole (11) is positioned in the center of the needle valve body (1) and is coaxial with the needle valve body (1), the annular groove (15) is positioned above the needle valve body (1), the main fuel channel (13) is positioned at one side of the needle valve guide hole (11) and is communicated with the fuel pressure containing cavity (14), the fuel pressure containing cavity (14) is positioned below the needle valve guide hole (11), the needle rod hole (18) is positioned below the fuel pressure containing cavity (14), the lower part of the needle rod hole (18) is communicated with the fuel nozzle (16) and the fuel nozzle spout (19), and the side surface of the needle valve body (1) is provided with the side fuel channel (12);
the main fuel channel (13) is communicated with the upper annular groove (15), the side fuel channel (12) is communicated with the needle valve guide hole (11), and the upper end of the side fuel channel (12) is communicated with the annular groove (15);
the needle valve (2) is composed of a conical surface sealing rod (21), a needle valve guide section (22) and a sealing outer conical surface (24), the needle valve guide section (22) of the needle valve (2) is sleeved in a needle valve guide hole (11) of the needle valve body (1), the conical surface sealing rod (21) is positioned in a needle rod hole (18), and the sealing outer conical surface (24) of the needle valve (2) is matched with a sealing inner conical surface (17) of the needle valve body (1);
the needle valve guide section (22) is provided with a needle valve guide section oil groove (23), when the needle valve body and the needle valve are in a sealing state, the upper end of the guide section oil groove (23) is positioned below an oil inlet of the side fuel passage (12), the side fuel passage (12) is gradually opened in the ascending process of the needle valve, fuel is sprayed out of the side fuel passage (12) and acts on the needle valve guide section oil groove (23), the opening of the side fuel passage (12) is completely opened when the needle valve (2) moves to a top dead center, and when the needle valve reaches the top dead center, the lower section of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) reaches the oil inlet of the side fuel passage (12);
the number of the oil nozzle nozzles (19) is 8, one nozzle is axially arranged, the rest nozzles are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the axial nozzle, the rest nozzles are uniformly distributed on a circle taking the central nozzle as the center of a circle, the axes of the circumferential oil nozzle nozzles (19) and the axes of the axial oil nozzle nozzles (19) intersect at one point, and the included angle between two adjacent oil nozzle nozzles (19) of the oil injector is 72 degrees.
2. An aeroengine injector coupling for carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, wherein the sealing outer cone (24), the needle guide bore (11) inner surface and the needle guide segment (22) surface are provided with a nano ceramic wear resistant coating.
3. The aeroengine fuel injector matching piece adapting to the carbon-negative biofuel fuel supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the included angle between the side fuel channel (12) and the axis of the needle valve guide hole (11) is 5-60 degrees, the number of the side fuel channels is 3-10, and the side fuel channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is one third to two thirds of the length of the needle valve guide section (22);
the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is parallel to the axis of the needle valve (2);
the depth of the needle valve guide section oil grooves (23) is 0.1-1 mm, the width of the needle valve guide section oil grooves is 0.1-1 mm, the needle valve guide section oil grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the needle valve, and the number of the oil grooves is 3-20.
4. An aircraft engine injector unit adapted to accommodate carbon-negative biofuel supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein the return spring with which the needle valve (2) is co-operated is of 304 stainless steel material.
5. An aeroengine injector coupling for adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 3, wherein the angle between the side fuel channels (12) and the axis of the needle valve guide hole (11) is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel channels is 3;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is one third of the length of the needle valve guide section (22).
6. An aeroengine injector coupling for carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is 0.2mm, the groove width is 1mm, and the number of grooves is 10.
7. An aeroengine injector coupling for adapting carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, wherein the number of needle guide section oil grooves (23) and the depth and width of needle guide section oil grooves (23) are:
H*W*A＝C
wherein H is the depth of the oil grooves of the guide section, W is the width of the oil grooves of the guide section, A is the number of the oil grooves of the guide section, and C is a constant.
8. An aeroengine injector coupling for adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the nozzle is 0.18mm, one of the nozzles is arranged along the axial direction, the rest of the nozzles are distributed evenly around the circumference of the axial nozzle, the axes of the circumferential nozzle tips (19) intersect with the axes of the axial nozzle tips (19) at a point, and the included angle between the circumferential nozzle tips (19) is 72 degrees, and the number of the nozzle tips (19) is 8.
9. The method of using an aircraft engine injector coupling according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that fuel is pressurized by a fuel pump and flows into a pressure containing cavity through a main fuel channel of the injector, when the pressure exceeds a preset injection pressure, an ECU sends a pulse signal, an electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic attraction force, an armature sucks up a needle valve, a return spring is pressed, a sealing inner conical surface (17) is separated from a sealing outer conical surface (24), high-pressure fuel is sprayed out through a nozzle orifice (19) of the nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure containing cavity is reduced after the fuel is sprayed out, an electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the return spring forces the needle valve to reset and close the nozzle orifice, the injector stops injecting fuel, and the pressure of the pressure containing cavity rises again, so that the working process of the injector is completed in a reciprocating cycle;
when the needle valve is lifted, the oil inlet of the side fuel passage (12) is gradually opened, the fuel passing through the side fuel passage (12) flows into the guide section of the needle valve and the needle valve body, the fuel has tangential velocity and interacts with the oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate circumferentially, when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet of the side fuel passage (12) is gradually closed.
10. The use method of the aircraft engine fuel injector coupling according to claim 9, wherein the needle valve starting pressure is increased from 225bar to 255bar, so that the pressure during fuel injection is increased, the speed during fuel injection from a nozzle orifice can be increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low atomization performance of the fuel is compensated.
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| CN202210651098.1A CN114992025B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply |
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| CN202210651098.1A CN114992025B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply |
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