CN114992025A - Aero-engine fuel injector matching part adapting to fuel supply of carbon-negative biofuel - Google Patents
Aero-engine fuel injector matching part adapting to fuel supply of carbon-negative biofuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114992025A CN114992025A CN202210651098.1A CN202210651098A CN114992025A CN 114992025 A CN114992025 A CN 114992025A CN 202210651098 A CN202210651098 A CN 202210651098A CN 114992025 A CN114992025 A CN 114992025A
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- needle valve
- fuel
- oil
- guide section
- nozzle
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010710 diesel engine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9038—Coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aircraft engine fuel injector matching part suitable for supplying fuel by using carbon-negative biofuel, which comprises a needle valve body and a needle valve; the needle valve body comprises a needle valve guide hole, a needle rod hole, a pressure containing cavity, an annular groove and a main fuel oil channel, wherein the main fuel oil channel is connected with the annular groove, a side fuel oil channel, a fuel injection hole and a sealing inner conical surface; the needle valve comprises a guide section, a conical surface sealing rod and a sealing outer conical surface, the sealing outer conical surface is coated with a wear-resistant coating, an oil groove is formed in the lower stroke of the needle valve guide section, and the sealing outer conical surface of the needle valve is matched with the sealing inner conical surface of the needle valve body. The invention compensates the change of fuel density, improves the fuel injection quantity on the premise of considering the quality of fuel atomization, prolongs the sealing service life and improves the reliability, solves the problem of mismatching of the fuel supply quantity caused by different fuel viscosity and low heat value, and enables the fuel injection rate of the negative carbon fuel to be matched with the working condition of the navigation engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to an aero-engine fuel injector matching part adaptive to fuel supply of carbon-negative biofuel.
Background
With the rapid development of the aviation industry, the aviation piston machine technology is more and more emphasized. However, due to the limited and gradually exhausted petroleum resources, various countries around the world are looking for alternative fuels for diesel oil. The use of carbon-negative biofuels as fuels for aviation piston engines instead of traditional fossil fuels has become a new solution. As mentioned in CN103890146, refers to a fuel that removes more Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at the time of manufacture than Carbon dioxide emitted from combustion and Carbon dioxide added as a result of the process used to make the fuel (j.a. mathews, "Carbon-negative biols", Energy Policy36(2008) page 940-. Unlike traditional fossil fuels, carbon-negative biofuels are negative in the sum of carbon emissions over the entire life cycle from production processing of the biofuel to combustion emissions. However, the oil nozzle of the diesel injector related in the prior art can not adapt to the problems that the oil injection quantity mismatch and the fuel oil atomization quality caused by the physical parameter change of the carbon-negative biofuel can not meet the requirements and the like, for example, a certain carbon-negative biofuel originates from plants such as algae, the fuel density (at 20 ℃, the density of the carbon-negative biofuel is 788 plus 798kg/m3, the density of the diesel is 840kg/m3) is lower than that of the diesel, the low heat value (45-46.2 MJ/kg of the carbon-negative biofuel, the density of the diesel is 42.5MJ/kg) is higher than that of the diesel, the oil injection quantity needs to be adjusted to ensure sufficient engine power, the oil injection rate of the injector is influenced, and the kinematic viscosity of the carbon-negative biofuel is 1.60mm when the kinematic viscosity of the certain carbon-negative biofuel is lower than that of the heavy oil (at 40 ℃), the kinematic viscosity of the carbon-negative biofuel is lower than that of the heavy oil 2 (s) 2.5mm diesel oil 2 S) of a fuel injection system, which is slightly less atomized than diesel fuel, although the injected oil droplets have a smaller diameter than the diesel fuel, and which, due to viscosity factors, affect the lubricating properties of the friction elements in the engine oil supply system, such thatThe abrasion of the parts is increased, the service life is shortened, and the service reliability is reduced. For the reasons, it is necessary to develop a fuel injector nozzle suitable for aviation piston engine carbon-negative biofuel.
When the fuel injector matching part works, a needle valve and a needle valve body must have good lubricating conditions, otherwise, seizure is easy to occur. In order to solve the problem, a patent publication CN201858069U "diesel injector coupler suitable for various fuels" provides a diesel injector coupler suitable for various fuels, in which a lubricant groove is disposed above a guide section of a needle valve, high-pressure lubricant is pressed into a guide fitting surface between the needle valve and a needle valve body from a lubricant passage and enters the lubricant groove on the needle valve, and a lubricant film is formed at the guide fitting section of the needle valve and the needle valve body along with the up-and-down movement of the needle valve. However, when the device uses the carbon-negative biofuel, the needle valve does not continuously reciprocate in the needle valve body along the axial direction due to different viscosities, the friction piece is subjected to long-term unidirectional match grinding, when the diesel engine oil nozzle works, the contact part of the needle valve and the oil nozzle body is subjected to long-term single-direction match grinding, so that the abrasion degrees of different parts on the needle valve and the needle valve body are different, particularly, the problem that the local abrasion of the sealing surface is too fast occurs after the needle valve and the needle valve body are subjected to long-term single-direction match grinding at the position of the sealing surface, the sealing performance is reduced, the sealing effect is finally failed, and the service life and the use reliability of the matching part are reduced. In the aspect of solving the one-way match grinding, a patent 'needle valve body with a spiral structure' with the publication number of CN204436661U sets a spiral groove on the hole wall of an inner hole of the valve body in the elevation range of a guide section, when the device is used, after a needle valve is jacked up under the pressure action of diesel oil in a pressure accumulation cavity, fuel oil returns to an oil return pipeline of the diesel oil after passing through a sealing section, a degassing cavity and the guide section I; the in-process of the guide section I is flowed through to the fuel, under the effect of helicla flute, the guide section I is flowed through with spiral form to the fuel, at this moment, the needle valve will be along circumferential direction under the circumference weight effect of fuel effort, the fuel machine operation in-process, along with the repeated switching of nozzle, the needle valve will be constantly along circumferential direction, thereby constantly change the contact site of needle valve point portion and valve body jet orifice department conical surface, can drive the needle valve at the operation in-process and be circumferential motion, avoid the needle valve to wear in one-way for a long time between point portion and needle valve body. The device makes use of the circumferential component of the fuel acting force in the oil return process to rotate the needle valve body. When the carbon-negative biofuel is applied to an aircraft engine, due to the change of parameters such as fuel density, viscosity, engine power, fuel pressure and the like, the needle valve does not effectively move axially only by adopting the circumferential component of the fuel acting force in the oil return process so as to solve the problem of one-way match grinding. Meanwhile, when the matching part is applied to burden fuel, the problem of mismatching of fuel supply amount caused by different fuel viscosities and different fuel low calorific values and the problem of combustion caused by different fuel atomization degrees are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problem that the disclosed fuel injector matching parts cannot be well adapted to negative carbon biofuels with different physicochemical properties, the invention discloses a fuel injector matching part of an aircraft engine, which is adapted to fuel supply of the negative carbon biofuels.
The complete technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
an aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapting to the fuel supply of carbon-negative biofuel comprises a needle valve body 1 and a needle valve 2;
the needle valve body 1 is provided with a needle valve guide hole 11, a side fuel oil channel 12, a main fuel oil channel 13, a fuel oil pressure containing cavity 14, an annular groove 15, an oil injector nozzle 16, a sealing inner conical surface 17, a needle rod hole 18 and a nozzle 19;
the needle valve guide hole 11 is positioned in the center of the needle valve body 1 and is coaxial with the needle valve body 1, the annular groove 15 is positioned above the needle valve body 1, the main fuel oil channel 13 is positioned on one side of the needle valve guide hole 11 and is communicated with a fuel oil pressure containing cavity 14, the fuel oil pressure containing cavity 14 is positioned below the needle valve guide hole 11, the needle rod hole 18 is positioned below the fuel oil pressure containing cavity 14, an oil nozzle 16 and an oil nozzle 19 of an oil injector are communicated below the needle rod hole 18, and a side fuel oil channel 12 is arranged on the side surface of the needle valve body 1;
the main fuel oil channel 13 is communicated with an upper annular groove 15, the side fuel oil channel 12 is communicated with the needle valve guide hole 11, and the upper end of the side fuel oil channel 12 is communicated with the annular groove 15;
the needle valve 2 consists of a conical surface sealing rod 21, a needle valve guide section 22 and a sealing outer conical surface 24, the needle valve guide section 22 of the needle valve 2 is sleeved in a needle valve guide hole 11 of the needle valve body 1, the conical surface sealing rod 21 is positioned in a needle valve hole 18, and the sealing outer conical surface 24 of the needle valve 2 is matched with a sealing inner conical surface 17 of the needle valve body 1;
the needle valve guide section 22 is provided with a needle valve guide section oil groove 23, when a needle valve body and the needle valve are in a sealing state, the upper end of the guide section oil groove 23 is positioned below an oil inlet hole of a lateral oil passage, in the ascending process of the needle valve, a side fuel oil passage 12 is gradually opened, fuel oil is sprayed from the side fuel oil passage 12 and acts on the needle valve guide section oil groove 23, the opening of the side fuel oil passage 12 is completely opened when the needle valve 2 runs to an upper dead center, and when the needle valve reaches the upper dead center, the lower section of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 reaches the position of the oil inlet hole of the lateral oil passage;
the number of the oil injection holes is 8, one nozzle is arranged along the axial direction, the other nozzles are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of the axial nozzle and are uniformly distributed on a circle with the central nozzle as the circle center, the axial line of the circumferential oil injection hole intersects with the axial line of the axial oil injection hole at one point, and the included angle between the nozzle orifices 19 of the two adjacent oil injectors is 72 degrees.
Preferably, the sealing outer conical surface 24, the inner surface of the needle valve guide hole and the surface of the needle valve guide section are provided with nano ceramic wear-resistant coatings.
Preferably, the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5-60 degrees, the number of the side fuel oil channels is 3-10, and the side fuel oil channels and the needle valve body guide hole are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 accounts for one third to two thirds of the length of the needle valve guide section 22;
the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 is parallel to the axis of the needle valve 2;
the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 the degree of depth be 0.1 ~ 1mm, the width is 0.1 ~ 1mm, along needle valve circumference evenly distributed, the quantity of oil groove is 3 ~ 20.
Preferably, the return spring used with the needle valve 2 is made of 304 stainless steel.
Preferably, the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel oil channels is 3;
the needle guide oil groove 23 has a length of one third of the length of the needle guide 22.
Preferably, the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 has a depth of 0.2mm, a groove width of 1mm, and 10 grooves.
Preferably, the relationship between the number of the needle valve guide section oil grooves 23 and the depth and width of the needle valve guide section oil grooves 23 is as follows:
H*W*A＝C
in the formula, H is the direction section oil groove degree of depth, and W is direction section oil groove width, and A is direction section oil groove quantity, and C is the constant.
Preferably, the diameter of each nozzle is 0.18mm, one nozzle is arranged along the axial direction, the other nozzles are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of the axial nozzle, the axis of the circumferential oil injection hole intersects with the axis of the axial oil injection hole at one point, the included angle between the circumferential nozzles is 72 degrees, and the number of the oil injection holes is 8.
According to the using method of the aircraft engine fuel injector matching part, fuel oil is pressurized by a fuel oil pump and flows into a pressure containing cavity through a fuel oil channel of a fuel injector, when the pressure exceeds preset fuel injection pressure, an ECU sends a pulse signal, an electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic suction, an armature sucks up a needle valve, a reset spring is pressed, the tail end of a conical surface sealing rod is separated from a sealing outer conical surface, high-pressure fuel oil is sprayed out through a fuel injection hole of a fuel nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure containing cavity is reduced after the fuel oil is sprayed out, the electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the reset spring forces the needle valve to reset and close a nozzle of the fuel nozzle, the fuel injector stops fuel injection, the pressure of the pressure containing cavity rises again, and the working process of the fuel injector is completed in a reciprocating cycle mode;
when the needle valve ascends, the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually opened, fuel oil passing through the lateral oil ducts flows into the needle valve and the guide section of the needle valve body, the fuel oil at the position has tangential speed and interacts with an oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate in the circumferential direction, when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually closed.
Preferably, the starting pressure of the needle valve is increased from 225bar to 255bar, the pressure during fuel oil spraying is increased, the speed during fuel oil spraying out of the nozzle of the oil nozzle can be increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low self-atomization performance of the fuel is compensated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the fuel injection pressure increase of the invention compensates the fuel density change, so that the fuel injection rate of the carbon-negative biofuel is matched with the working condition of the navigation engine, thereby meeting the requirement of providing proper fuel mixture for the cylinder in the whole engine working range under all flight and atmospheric conditions.
(2) The increased diameter of the nozzle of the oil sprayer can improve certain oil injection quantity on the premise of considering the quality of fuel oil atomization, solves the problem of mismatching of oil supply quantity caused by different fuel viscosities and different fuel low heat values, and is used as a part of an aviation piston engine, and the flow of the injected fuel oil is fully controllable.
(3) The nano ceramic coating uniformly coated by the invention can prolong the sealing service life of each part and increase the reliability, and the roughness of the surface of each fuel oil channel ensures that the thickness of the boundary layer where the carbon-negative biofuel flows does not influence the fuel oil supply flow, and can ensure the fuel oil supply under different flight working conditions.
(4) According to the invention, the lateral oil duct formed on the guide section of the needle valve body is matched with the groove on the needle valve, so that the needle valve can rotate along the circumferential direction, the phenomenon of locking between the needle valve and the needle valve body due to lack of lubrication can be avoided, long-term single-phase matching grinding between the needle valve and the needle valve body is effectively prevented, the reliability of a matching part is improved, and the service life of the matching part is prolonged.
(5) According to the invention, the lateral oil duct formed in the guide section of the needle valve body is matched with the groove on the needle valve, so that the thermal load caused by long-time friction of the guide section can be reduced, the phenomenon that the needle valve is clamped due to long-time operation of the oil injector can be effectively avoided, and the requirement of high reliability of an aeroengine is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel injector subassembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a needle valve body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a needle valve;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view of the needle valve body nozzle;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the needle valve body nozzle.
The fuel injection valve comprises a needle valve body 1, a needle valve 2, a needle valve guide hole 11, a side fuel channel 12, a main fuel channel 13, a fuel pressure accommodating cavity 14, an annular groove 15, a needle valve body nozzle 16, a sealing inner conical surface 17, a needle rod hole 18, a nozzle 19, a conical surface sealing rod 21, a needle valve guide section 22, a needle valve guide section oil groove 23 and a sealing outer conical surface 24.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application.
Fig. 1-3 show an aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapted to supply fuel with a negative carbon biofuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel injector matching part is composed of a needle valve body 1 and a needle valve 2, the needle valve body 1 is provided with a needle valve guide hole 11, a side fuel passage 12, a main fuel passage 13, a fuel pressure chamber 14, an annular groove 15, a fuel injector nozzle 16, a sealing inner conical surface 17, a needle rod hole 18, and a nozzle 19, wherein the main fuel passage 13 is communicated with the fuel pressure chamber 14, the main fuel passage 13 is communicated with the upper annular groove 15, the side fuel passage 12 is communicated with the needle valve guide hole 11, and the upper end of the side fuel passage 12 is communicated with the annular groove 15.
The front section of the fuel pressure chamber 14 is provided with a needle rod hole 18, and the front of the needle rod hole 18 is provided with a fuel injector nozzle 16 and a nozzle 19. The inner surface of the needle valve body 1 is provided with a sealing inner conical surface 17 matched with the needle valve 2.
The needle valve 2 consists of a conical surface sealing rod 21, a needle valve guide section 22, a needle valve guide section oil groove 23 and a sealing outer conical surface 24, wherein the needle valve guide section 22 of the needle valve 2 is sleeved in a needle valve guide hole 11 of a needle valve body 1, the conical surface sealing rod 21 is positioned in a needle rod hole 18, the sealing outer conical surface 24 of the needle valve 2 is matched with a sealing inner conical surface 17 of the needle valve body 1, and the sealing outer conical surface 24, the inner surface of the needle valve guide hole and the surface of the needle valve guide section are all provided with nano ceramic wear-resistant coatings.
Fig. 2 shows a needle valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the outlet position of the lateral fuel passage 12 is determined by the position of the oil groove 23 of the needle guide section, and the outlet of the lateral fuel passage 12 is fully opened when the needle 2 moves to the top dead center and fully closed when the needle 2 moves to the bottom dead center. When the needle valve 2 moves upwards, the outlet of the lateral fuel channel is gradually opened, and the fuel rotates along the rotation axis along the tangential momentum, so that the contact point of the needle valve 2 and the sealing inner conical surface 17 is changed when the needle valve 2 falls back, the problem of long-term one-way match grinding is effectively avoided, and the service life of a fuel injector matching part is prolonged.
Different from the technical idea that CN204436661U utilizes the circumferential component of the fuel acting force in the oil return process (namely the needle valve descending process) to rotate the needle valve body, the invention adopts the side fuel passage 12, the side fuel passage 12 is gradually opened in the oil injection process (namely the needle valve ascending process), and the side fuel passage 12 is gradually closed in the needle valve descending process. In the process of ascending and descending of the needle valve, fuel is sprayed out from the side fuel channel 12 gradually and acts on the oil groove 23 of the guide section of the needle valve, so that the needle valve moves circumferentially to avoid one-way match grinding.
Meanwhile, the structure of the invention can realize flexible adjustment on the circumferential force applied to the needle valve, and through simulation and practical verification, the invention discovers that aiming at the carbon-negative biofuel with different density, viscosity and fuel injection quantity requirements, the design should be carried out on the arrangement number of the side fuel oil channels 12, the included angle between the side fuel oil channels and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11, the outlet pressure of the side fuel oil channels 12, the position of the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 on the needle valve guide section, the number, length, depth and width of the oil grooves 23 and the angle relation between the oil grooves and the axis of the needle valve, so that the needle valve can carry out effective circumferential motion, and the sealing effect and the service life are prevented from being influenced by the occurrence of the rotary friction.
According to the above design, this embodiment provides a matching parts of concrete structure, including the needle valve body to and with needle valve body matched with needle valve, specifically do:
the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is not too large, otherwise, the too large tangential speed of the fuel oil can cause the needle valve 2 to generate rotary friction with the sealing inner conical surface 17 after falling back, and the sealing effect and the service life are influenced. Specifically, the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5-60 degrees, the number of the included angles is 3-10, and the included angles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; preferably, the included angle between the side fuel oil channel 12 and the axis of the needle valve body guide hole 11 is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel oil channels is 3;
the lateral fuel oil channels 12 are uniformly distributed along the matching axial line of the needle valve body 1 and the needle valve 2, so as to ensure that the needle valve 2 is uniformly stressed when rotating, and the needle valve 2 and the needle valve body 1 are not abraded and the sealing effect of a fuel injector matching part is not influenced due to the fact that the pressure of one side face of the needle valve 2 and the needle valve body 1 is too large. On the other hand, the opening of the side fuel passage 12 is completely opened when the needle valve 2 runs to the top dead center, otherwise, the outlet pressure of the side fuel passage 12 is basically balanced with the pressure at the fuel pressure chamber 14, the speed of the fuel flowing out from the side fuel passage 12 is low, the rotation effect of the needle valve 2 is small, and the expected effect cannot be met.
Fig. 3 shows the needle valve 2 according to the present embodiment, in which the oil groove 23 is formed between one third and two thirds of the length of the needle guide section 22, the length of the needle guide section oil groove 23 is not too long, and preferably, in the present embodiment, the length of the needle guide section oil groove 23 is one third of the length of the needle guide section 22. Normally, the needle valve guide oil groove 23 is parallel to the axis of the needle valve 2, and when the injection pressure is low or high, the inclination angle of the needle valve guide oil groove 23 should be properly changed to change the circumferential force acting on the needle valve, so as to ensure proper rotation of the needle valve 2. When the number of the opened guide section oil grooves 23 changes, the depth and the width of the guide section oil grooves 23 should be correspondingly changed, and preferably, the guide section oil groove parameter setting should meet the following relation during design:
H*W*A＝C
in the formula, H is the direction section oil groove degree of depth, and W is direction section oil groove width, and A is direction section oil groove quantity, and C is the constant. The oil pressure is prevented from changing by the design, and the working effect is not influenced.
Specifically, needle valve guide section oil groove 23 the degree of depth be 0.1 ~ 1mm, the width is 0.1 ~ 1mm, along needle valve circumference evenly distributed, the quantity of oil groove is 3 ~ 20. Preferably, the needle valve guide section oil groove 23 has a depth of 0.2mm, a groove width of 1mm, and 10 grooves.
The return spring matched with the needle valve 2 in one embodiment of the invention is made of 304 stainless steel, so that the oil resistance of the return spring is enhanced, the spring stiffness of the return spring is four fifths of that of the traditional return spring, the closing pressure of an oil nozzle 16 of the oil injector is slightly reduced, even if the value of the oil pressure reaching the needle valve matching conical surface and being opened is reduced by one fifth, the on-way pressure loss and the local loss of the fuel oil pressure in an oil way, particularly the local pressure loss in an annular groove, can be compensated, and the nozzle of the oil injector can be stably opened and closed within a specified time when the carbon-negative biofuel is used, so that the requirement of small-flow oil supply of a navigation piston engine can be met.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle orifices 19 of the injector nozzle of the needle valve body 1 in an embodiment of the invention, with the axes of the orifices intersecting at a point and the axis of the centrally located orifice coinciding with the axis of the needle 2.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of nozzle orifices 19 of an injector nozzle of a needle valve body 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, each nozzle orifice 19 distributed along the circumferential direction is uniformly distributed on a circle with a central nozzle as a center, and an included angle between two adjacent nozzle orifices 19 of the injector nozzle distributed along the circumferential direction is 72 °. The expansion of the nozzle of the oil injector nozzle makes up the problem that the fuel injection quantity is not matched with the power of an aviation piston engine due to the fact that the density of the negative carbon biofuel is lower than that of diesel oil.
In the working process of the matching part, fuel oil is pressurized by a fuel oil pump and flows into a pressure containing cavity through a fuel oil channel of an oil injector, when the pressure exceeds preset oil injection pressure, an ECU sends a pulse signal, an electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic suction, an armature sucks up a needle valve, a return spring is pressed, the tail end of a conical surface sealing rod is separated from a sealing outer conical surface, high-pressure fuel oil is sprayed out through an oil injection hole of an oil nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure containing cavity is reduced after the fuel oil is sprayed out, the electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the return spring forces the needle valve to reset and close a nozzle of the oil nozzle, the oil injector stops oil injection, the pressure of the pressure containing cavity rises again, and the oil injector is repeatedly cycled in such a way to complete the working process of the oil injector;
when the needle valve ascends, the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually opened, fuel oil passing through the lateral oil ducts flows into the needle valve and the guide section of the needle valve body, the fuel oil at the position has tangential speed and interacts with an oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate in the circumferential direction, when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually closed.
According to the invention, the starting pressure of the needle valve is increased from 225bar to 255bar, so that the pressure during fuel oil spraying is increased, the speed during fuel oil spraying out of the nozzle of the oil nozzle can be increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low self-atomization performance of the fuel is compensated.
The fuel injector matching part of the aircraft engine suitable for supplying the carbon-negative biofuel is subjected to simulation experiments and is tested on the navigation piston engine under different rotating speeds and loads, and the test verifies that the circulating fuel injection quantity of the carbon-negative biofuel can meet the fuel supply requirements of the navigation piston engine under different working conditions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aircraft engine fuel injector matching part suitable for supplying fuel by using carbon-negative biofuel is characterized by comprising a needle valve body (1) and a needle valve (2);
the needle valve body (1) is provided with a needle valve guide hole (11), a side fuel oil channel (12), a main fuel oil channel (13), a fuel oil pressure containing cavity (14), an annular groove (15), an oil injector nozzle (16), a sealing inner conical surface (17), a needle rod hole (18) and a nozzle (19);
the fuel injector is characterized in that the needle valve guide hole (11) is located in the center of the needle valve body (1) and is coaxial with the needle valve body (1), the annular groove (15) is located above the needle valve body (1), the main fuel channel (13) is located on one side of the needle valve guide hole (11) and is communicated with the fuel pressure containing cavity (14), the fuel pressure containing cavity (14) is located below the needle valve guide hole (11), the needle rod hole (18) is located below the fuel pressure containing cavity (14), the lower part of the needle rod hole (18) is communicated with the fuel injector nozzle (16) and the fuel nozzle (19), and the side surface of the needle valve body (1) is provided with the side fuel channel (12);
the main fuel oil channel (13) is communicated with an upper annular groove (15), the side fuel oil channel (12) is communicated with the needle valve guide hole (11), and the upper end of the side fuel oil channel (12) is communicated with the annular groove (15);
the needle valve (2) is composed of a conical surface sealing rod (21), a needle valve guide section (22) and a sealing outer conical surface (24), the needle valve guide section (22) of the needle valve (2) is sleeved in a needle valve guide hole (11) of the needle valve body (1), the conical surface sealing rod (21) is located in a needle rod hole (18), and the sealing outer conical surface (24) of the needle valve (2) is matched with a sealing inner conical surface (17) of the needle valve body (1);
the needle valve guide section (22) is provided with a needle valve guide section oil groove (23), when a needle valve body and the needle valve are in a sealing state, the upper end of the guide section oil groove (23) is positioned below an oil inlet hole of a lateral oil duct, a side fuel oil channel (12) is gradually opened in the lifting process of the needle valve, fuel oil is sprayed from the side fuel oil channel (12) and acts on the needle valve guide section oil groove (23), the opening of the side fuel oil channel (12) is completely opened when the needle valve (2) runs to an upper dead center, and when the needle valve reaches the upper dead center, the lower section of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) reaches the position of the oil inlet hole of the lateral oil duct;
the number of the oil injection holes is 8, one nozzle is arranged along the axial direction, the other nozzles are uniformly distributed around the circumferential direction of the axial nozzle and are uniformly distributed on a circle with the central nozzle as the circle center, the axial line of the circumferential oil injection hole intersects with the axial line of the axial oil injection hole at one point, and the included angle between two adjacent oil injector nozzle nozzles (19) is 72 degrees.
2. The aircraft engine fuel injector coupler according to claim 1, wherein the outer sealing conical surface (24), the inner surface of the needle guide hole (11) and the surface of the needle guide section (22) are provided with nano ceramic wear-resistant coatings.
3. The aircraft engine fuel injector matching part suitable for supplying the negative carbon biofuel according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between a side fuel channel (12) and the axis of a needle valve guide hole (11) is 5-60 degrees, the number of the side fuel channels is 3-10, and the side fuel channels and the needle valve guide hole are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) accounts for one third to two thirds of the length of the needle valve guide section (22);
the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is parallel to the axis of the needle valve (2);
the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) the degree of depth be 0.1 ~ 1mm, the width is 0.1 ~ 1mm, along needle valve circumference evenly distributed, the quantity of oil groove is 3 ~ 20.
4. The aircraft engine fuel injector coupler adapted to supply the carbon-negative bio-fuel according to claim 1, wherein the return spring used in cooperation with the needle valve (2) is made of 304 stainless steel.
5. The aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapting to the supply of the carbon-negative biofuel according to claim 3, characterized in that an included angle between the side fuel oil channel (12) and the axis of the needle valve guide hole (11) is 5 degrees, and the number of the side fuel oil channels is 3;
the length of the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) is one third of the length of the needle valve guide section (22).
6. The aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle valve guide section oil groove (23) has a depth of 0.2mm, a groove width of 1mm and a number of 10 grooves.
7. The aircraft engine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the number of needle valve guide section oil grooves (23) and the depth and width of the needle valve guide section oil grooves (23) is as follows:
H*W*A＝C
in the formula, H is the direction section oil groove degree of depth, and W is direction section oil groove width, and A is direction section oil groove quantity, and C is the constant.
8. The aircraft engine fuel injector matching part suitable for supplying the carbon-negative biofuel according to claim 1, wherein the diameters of the nozzles are 0.18mm, one nozzle is axially arranged, the other nozzles are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the axial nozzle, the axis of the circumferential fuel injection hole intersects with the axis of the axial fuel injection hole at a point, the included angle between the circumferential nozzles is 72 degrees, and the number of the fuel injection holes is 8.
9. The use method of the aircraft engine fuel injector matching part according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fuel is pressurized by the fuel pump and flows into the pressure chamber through the fuel channel of the fuel injector, when the pressure exceeds the preset fuel injection pressure, the ECU sends a pulse signal, the electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic suction, the armature sucks up the needle valve, the return spring is pressed, the end of the conical sealing rod is separated from the sealing outer conical surface, the high-pressure fuel is injected through the fuel injection hole of the fuel nozzle and generates an atomization effect, when the pressure of the pressure chamber is reduced after the fuel is injected, the electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the return spring forces the needle valve to return to close the nozzle of the fuel nozzle, the fuel injector stops injecting fuel, the pressure of the pressure chamber rises again, and the reciprocating cycle completes the working process of the fuel injector;
when the needle valve ascends, the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually opened, fuel oil passing through the lateral oil ducts flows into the needle valve and the guide section of the needle valve body, the fuel oil at the position has tangential speed and interacts with an oil groove of the guide section of the needle valve to force the needle valve to rotate in the circumferential direction, when the needle valve falls back, the contact surface of the needle valve and the needle valve body is changed, and the oil inlet holes of the lateral oil ducts are gradually closed.
10. The use method of the aircraft engine fuel injector matching part as claimed in claim 9, wherein the starting pressure of the needle valve is raised from 225bar to 255bar, so that the pressure during fuel injection is raised, the speed during fuel injection from the nozzle of the fuel nozzle is increased, the atomization effect is improved, and the influence of low atomization performance of the fuel is compensated.
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| CN202210651098.1A CN114992025B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply |
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| CN202210651098.1A CN114992025B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Aeroengine fuel injector matching part adapting to carbon-negative biofuel supply |
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| CN114992025B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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