Strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of functional composite materials, and particularly relates to a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material and application thereof in photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction.
Technical Field
The technology for reducing the carbon dioxide into the fuel and the chemicals with high added value by utilizing clean and infinite solar energy is a technology capable of simultaneously solving the environmental problems of energy crisis, greenhouse gases and the like. In carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) In a typical process of photoreduction, CO 2 The overall efficiency of photocatalysis is determined by the absorption and activation of the photo-generated charge, the excitation and transport and separation of the photo-generated charge, and the target intermediate desorption process. Regulating charge dynamics associated with charge generation, migration, separation has been widely studied, however, there is little interest in regulating electronic structures directly associated with adsorption or desorption processes (kinetic processes). Thus, complex COs are revealed, either from the standpoint of improving overall efficiency, or from the standpoint of disclosure 2 Angle of photoreduction mechanism, control of CO 2 Is more attractive and challenging, or accelerates the thermodynamic processes such as adsorption and photoactivation of specific intermediates or dissociation. In recent years, porous crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have led to a hot-strike in research in the field of energy transfer or charge transfer due to their flexible coordination environment, adjustable electronic structure and strong adsorption capacity to small molecules. The anchoring of the metal framework material on the surface of the photocatalyst can realize different purposesIntegration or cascading of specific functions of materials, e.g. MOF versus CO 2 Adsorption of molecules and the provision of a photo-generated charge by the catalyst. In addition, the functionally integrated MOF/catalyst structure can serve as an ideal platform for further kinetic process modulation and catalytic mechanism research.
Strain regulation stands out in advanced material design due to the highly correlated intrinsic variation of the electronic structure of the material surface. Among the various strain-regulation induced features, modulation of the adsorption energy of a target molecule or intermediate is of great interest. By means of the designed MOF/catalyst material, a reasonable high-speed channel can be established through strain regulation on the surface of the catalytic site so as to optimize the catalytic reaction process and finally realize the catalytic material with excellent performance and high selectivity. However, strain regulation for functional composite MOF/catalysts has not been reported to date.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite material, which integrates the functions of two monomer materials and higher CO 2 To carbon monoxide (CO) conversion.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material with strain modulation is characterized in that bismuth oxybromide has a two-dimensional (2D) structure, a thin layer of bismuth-based metal organic framework (Bi-MOF) is anchored on the surface of the bismuth-based metal organic framework, and the Bi-MOF has higher strain with the strain degree of 7.85%. The structure can integrate the functions of Bi-MOF and photocatalytic material bismuth oxybromide, wherein the Bi-MOF is used as a catalytic site for adsorbing, activating and converting CO 2 While bismuth oxybromide provides electrons with strong reducing power, thereby forming a functionally cascade system. The theoretical mass ratio of the bismuth oxybromide to the Bi-MOF is (2.0-4.9): 1.
The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material is characterized by being prepared by adopting an in-situ growth method and then through optical radiation, and comprises the following steps of:
step S1, preparing a 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet monomer:
bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and potassium bromide are used as raw materials, and the preparation is carried out by adopting a hydrothermal method; the method comprises the following steps: bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (with the mass concentration of 48.5 g/L) and potassium bromide (with the mass concentration of 11.5 g/L) are respectively dispersed into 20mL of ethanol, fully stirred and mixed, then transferred into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacted for 16 hours at 160 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating, washing and drying the solid sample to obtain the 2D bismuth oxybromide nano-sheet. The obtained bismuth oxybromide material (BiOBr) is used for the subsequent synthesis of the composite nano material.
S2, preparing the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite function photocatalytic material by an in-situ growth method, and regulating and controlling strain:
s2.1, ultrasonically dispersing the bismuth oxybromide prepared in the step 1 into 20mL of mixed solution of ethanol/N, N-dimethylformamide/deionized water, and adding a certain amount of trimesic acid, wherein the mass concentration of the bismuth oxybromide is 2g/L, the mass concentration of the trimesic acid is 1-3 g/L, and the volume ratio of the ethanol, the N, N-dimethylformamide to the deionized water is 1:1:1.
S2.2, placing the solution in the step 2.1 into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and heating at 100 ℃ for 24 hours; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating and washing a solid sample, then immersing the solid sample in methanol for 6 hours, and collecting and drying the solid sample to obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material. And then, carrying out optical radiation treatment (300W xenon lamp) on the obtained material for 10-40 hours to finally obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional material with surface compressive strain.
The invention also provides a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite photocatalytic material with surface strain for photocatalytic CO 2 Application in the field of reduction; specifically, under irradiation of visible light (300W xenon lamp), the CO generation rate is as high as 21.96. Mu. Mol g -1 h -1 And has a CO selectivity of over 96%; the properties were 1.48,4.3 and 8.6 times that of the unstrained composite, pure bismuth oxybromide, and pure bismuth-based metal organic frameworks, respectively.
Compared with the existing composite function photocatalytic material, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material provided by the invention has the advantages that the bismuth-based metal organic framework is anchored on the two-dimensional bismuth oxybromide surface in a thin layer form, and the structure realizes cascade connection of specific functions of the bismuth-based metal organic framework and the bismuth oxybromide in photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction. Namely, bismuth-based metal organic framework is used as a site to perform adsorption activation and CO conversion 2 While bismuth oxybromide provides photogenerated electrons.
(2) The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material induces huge compressive strain on the bismuth-based metal organic framework, the strain regulation improves the adsorption and activation behaviors of the material on carbon dioxide, and simultaneously promotes the desorption of CO, so that the material has high conversion rate and high selectivity on CO reduction products, and has potential application prospects in the field of photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction.
(3) The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material does not need any sacrificial agent or cocatalyst in the reduction of carbon dioxide, so that the economic cost is greatly saved, and the pollution in the aspect of no environment is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an in situ Raman (in situ Raman) spectrum of a strain modulation process of a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention; in the figure, biOBr-mof1 represents an unstrained bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, the mass concentration of the corresponding trimesic acid added is 1g/L, s-BiOBr-mof represents a strained bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, and the light irradiation time is 40 hours.
Fig. 2 is a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) photograph of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material with or without strain modulation according to the present invention, a, b corresponds to the composite material without strain modulation, c, d corresponds to the composite material after 40 hours of optical radiation treatment.
Fig. 3 is a carbon dioxide temperature programmed desorption diagram of a strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the comparative rate of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction product formation for strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide materials of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction product selectivity for strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide materials of the present invention.
The specific description is as follows:
the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1:
step S1, preparing a 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet monomer:
bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (with the mass concentration of 48.5 g/L) and potassium bromide (with the mass concentration of 11.5 g/L) are respectively dispersed into 20mL of ethanol, fully stirred and mixed, then transferred into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacted for 16 hours at 160 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating, washing and drying the solid sample to obtain the 2D bismuth oxybromide nano-sheet. The obtained bismuth oxybromide material is used for the subsequent synthesis of the composite nano material.
S2, preparing the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite function photocatalytic material by an in-situ growth method, and regulating and controlling strain:
s2.1, 200mg of bismuth oxybromide prepared in the step 1 is dispersed in 20mL of a mixed solution of ethanol/N, N-dimethylformamide/deionized water in an ultrasonic manner, and then 20mg of trimesic acid, ethanol, N, N-dimethylformamide and deionized water are added in a volume ratio of 1:1:1.
S2.2, placing the solution in the step 2.1 into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and heating at 100 ℃ for 24 hours; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating and washing a solid sample, then immersing the solid sample in methanol for 6 hours, and collecting and drying the solid sample to obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material. And then, carrying out optical radiation treatment (300W xenon lamp) on the obtained material for 40 hours to finally obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional material with surface compressive strain.
Fig. 1 is an in situ Raman plot of a bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material strain modulation process, and it can be seen that the characteristic vibration of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework and the characteristic vibration of bismuth oxybromide in the composite material show successful anchoring of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework material on the bismuth oxybromide surface. In addition, the in-situ spectrum shows a gradual blue shift of the characteristic vibration peak of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework during light irradiation, indicating the generation of compressive strain of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework.
Fig. 2 is a TEM and HRTEM photograph of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material with or without strain modulation according to the present invention, and it is clear that the bismuth-based metal organic framework is successfully anchored on the surface of the two-dimensional bismuth oxybromide nano-sheet, and the lattice spacing of the bismuth-based metal organic framework surface after the optical radiation treatment is changed from 0.33nm to 0.305nm, which intuitively illustrates the generation of compressive strain, and the strain is as high as 7.85% through calculation.
Fig. 3 is a carbon dioxide temperature programmed desorption graph of the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention, showing the reduction in the map area and transition to low temperatures of the composite material relative to bismuth oxybromide alone, indicating a reduction in the adsorption capacity and an increase in the activation capacity of the material after strain modulation.
FIG. 4 is a graph of CO and CH for a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material under visible light irradiation 4 Is a comparison of the generated rate. Wherein CO is the main product, and the generation rate is up to 21.96 mu mol g -1 h -1 The properties were 1.48,4.3 and 8.6 times that of the unstrained composite, pure bismuth oxybromide, and pure bismuth-based metal organic frameworks, respectively.
FIG. 5 shows the selectivity of the CO product of the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, and the CO product selectivity of the synthesized composite material exceeds 96%.
Example 2:
example 2 differs from example 1 in that: and (3) adjusting the time for carrying out light radiation treatment on the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 10 hours. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 3:
example 3 differs from example 1 in that: and (3) adjusting the time for carrying out light radiation treatment on the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 20 hours. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 4:
example 4 differs from example 1 in that: and (3) adjusting the time for carrying out light radiation treatment on the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 30 hours. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 5:
example 5 differs from example 1 in that: the amount of trimesic acid in step 2.1 was adjusted to 60mg; and (3) adjusting the time for carrying out light radiation treatment on the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 10 hours. The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.