Strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of functional composite materials, and particularly relates to a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material and application thereof in photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction.
Technical Field
Realized by clean and unlimited solar energyThe efficient reduction of carbon dioxide into fuel and high value-added chemicals is a technology capable of simultaneously solving environmental problems such as energy crisis, greenhouse gases and the like. In carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) In a typical process of photoreduction, CO 2 The absorption and activation of (a), the excitation and transport and separation of photogenerated charges, and the desorption process of the target intermediate all determine the overall efficiency of the photocatalysis. The regulation of charge kinetics associated with charge generation, migration, separation has been extensively studied, however, there is little concern about the electronic structure regulation directly associated with the adsorption or desorption processes (kinetic processes). Therefore, either from the perspective of improving overall efficiency or from revealing complex CO 2 Regulating and controlling CO from the angle of photoreduction mechanism 2 Are more attractive and challenging to adsorb and photoactivate or accelerate the thermo-kinetic processes such as dissociation of specific intermediates. In recent years, porous crystalline Metal Organic Framework (MOF) materials have caused a hot tide of research in the field of energy transfer or charge transfer due to their flexible coordination environment, adjustable electronic structure and strong adsorption capacity to small molecules. The anchoring of metal framework materials on the photocatalyst surface allows the integration or concatenation of specific functions of different materials, e.g. MOF on CO 2 Adsorption of molecules and supply of photo-generated charges by the catalyst. In addition, the MOF/catalyst structure with integrated functions can be used as an ideal platform for further dynamic process modulation and catalytic mechanism research.
Due to the high correlation with the intrinsic variation of the electronic structure of the material surface, the strain regulation stands out in the advanced material design. Among the various strain regulation-induced features, the modulation of the adsorption energy of target molecules or intermediates is of great interest. By means of the designed MOF/catalyst material, a reasonable high-speed channel can be established for strain regulation and control of the surface of the catalytic site so as to optimize the catalytic reaction process and finally realize the catalytic material with excellent performance and high selectivity. However, no literature reports on strain regulation of functional composite MOF/catalysts to date.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite materialAnd the composite material integrates the functions of two monomer materials and higher CO 2 To carbon monoxide (CO) conversion.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material is characterized in that bismuth oxybromide has a two-dimensional (2D) structure, a thin-layer bismuth-based metal organic framework (Bi-MOF) is anchored on the surface, the surface of the Bi-MOF has higher strain, and the strain degree can reach 7.85%. The structure can integrate the functions of Bi-MOF and photocatalytic material bismuth oxybromide, wherein the Bi-MOF is used as a catalytic site for adsorbing, activating and converting CO 2 And bismuth oxybromide provides electrons with strong reduction capability, so that a functional cascade system is formed. The theoretical mass ratio of the bismuth oxybromide to the Bi-MOF is (2.0-4.9): 1.
The strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material is characterized by being prepared by adopting an in-situ growth method and then carrying out light radiation, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet monomer:
bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and potassium bromide are used as raw materials, and the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and the potassium bromide are prepared by a hydrothermal method; the method specifically comprises the following steps: respectively dispersing bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (with mass concentration of 48.5g/L) and potassium bromide (with mass concentration of 11.5g/L) into 20mL of ethanol, fully stirring, mixing, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 16 hours at 160 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating, washing and drying the solid sample to obtain the 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet. The obtained bismuth oxybromide material (BiOBr) is used for the subsequent synthesis of composite nano materials.
Step S2, preparing the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material by an in-situ growth method, and strain regulation:
s2.1, ultrasonically dispersing the bismuth oxybromide prepared in the step 1 into 20mL of ethanol/N, N-dimethylformamide/deionized water mixed solution, adding a certain amount of trimesic acid, wherein the mass concentration of the bismuth oxybromide is 2g/L, the mass concentration of the trimesic acid is 1-3 g/L, and the volume ratio of the ethanol to the N, N-dimethylformamide to the deionized water is 1:1: 1.
S2.2, placing the solution in the step 2.1 into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and heating for 24 hours at 100 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating and washing the solid sample, then soaking in methanol for 6 hours, collecting and drying to obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material. And then, carrying out light radiation treatment (300W xenon lamp) on the obtained material for 10-40 hours to finally obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional material with surface compressive strain.
The invention also provides a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite photocatalytic material with surface strain cascade function for photocatalytic CO 2 Application in the field of reduction; specifically, under the irradiation of visible light (300W xenon lamp), the CO generation rate is as high as 21.96 mu mol g -1 h -1 And has a CO selectivity of over 96%; the performances are respectively 1.48,4.3 and 8.6 times of that of the composite material without strain modulation, pure bismuth oxybromide and pure bismuth-based metal organic framework.
Compared with the existing composite functional photocatalytic material, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, the bismuth-based metal organic framework is anchored on the surface of two-dimensional bismuth oxybromide in a thin layer form, and the structure realizes the cascade of specific functions of the two in the photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction. Namely, the bismuth-based metal organic framework is taken as a site for adsorption activation and CO conversion 2 And bismuth oxybromide provides photogenerated electrons.
(2) The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material disclosed by the invention induces and generates huge compressive strain on the bismuth-based metal-organic framework, improves the adsorption and activation behaviors of the material on carbon dioxide by strain regulation, promotes the desorption of CO, enables the material to have high conversion rate and high selectivity on a CO reduction product, and has a potential application prospect in the field of photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction.
(3) The strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material does not need to add any sacrificial agent or cocatalyst in the carbon dioxide reduction, greatly saves the economic cost and has no pollution in the aspect of environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an in situ Raman (in situ Raman) spectrum of a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material strain modulation process of the present invention; in the figure, BiOBr-mof1 represents a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material which is not subjected to strain modulation, the mass concentration of correspondingly added trimesic acid is 1g/L, s-BiOBr-mof1 represents the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material which is subjected to strain modulation, and the light radiation time is 40 hours.
FIG. 2 shows Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) photographs of a bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material with or without strain modulation according to the present invention, wherein a and b correspond to the composite material without strain modulation, and c and d correspond to the composite material after 40 hours of light irradiation treatment.
FIG. 3 is a carbon dioxide temperature programmed desorption diagram of the strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the rate of formation of the carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction product of the strain modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the selectivity of the carbon dioxide photocatalytic reduction product of the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention.
The specific description is as follows:
the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1:
step S1, preparing a 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet monomer:
respectively dispersing bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (with mass concentration of 48.5g/L) and potassium bromide (with mass concentration of 11.5g/L) into 20mL of ethanol, fully stirring, mixing, transferring into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and reacting for 16 hours at 160 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating, washing and drying the solid sample to obtain the 2D bismuth oxybromide nanosheet. The obtained bismuth oxybromide material is used for the subsequent synthesis of composite nano materials.
Step S2, preparing bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material by an in-situ growth method, and strain regulation:
s2.1 ultrasonically dispersing 200mg of the bismuth oxybromide prepared in the step 1 into 20mL of a mixed solution of ethanol/N, N-dimethylformamide/deionized water, and then adding 20mg of trimesic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol, the N, N-dimethylformamide to the deionized water is 1:1: 1.
S2.2, placing the solution in the step 2.1 into a stainless steel autoclave with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and heating for 24 hours at 100 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, cooling, separating and washing the solid sample, then soaking in methanol for 6 hours, collecting and drying to obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material. And then, carrying out light radiation treatment on the obtained material (a 300W xenon lamp) for 40 hours to finally obtain the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional material with surface compressive strain.
FIG. 1 is an in situ Raman diagram of the strain modulation process of a bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, which shows the characteristic vibration of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework and the characteristic vibration of bismuth oxybromide in the composite material, and indicates the successful anchoring of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework material on the surface of the bismuth oxybromide. In addition, the in-situ spectra showed a gradual blue shift of the characteristic vibrational peak of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework during light irradiation, indicating the generation of compressive strain of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework.
Fig. 2 is TEM and HRTEM photographs of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material with or without strain modulation of the present invention, it can be clearly seen that the bismuth-based metal organic framework is successfully anchored on the surface of the two-dimensional bismuth oxybromide nanosheet, the lattice spacing of the surface of the bismuth-based metal organic framework after the optical radiation treatment is changed from standard 0.33nm to 0.305nm, which intuitively illustrates the generation of compressive strain, which is calculated to be as high as 7.85%.
FIG. 3 is a carbon dioxide temperature programmed desorption diagram of the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material of the present invention, wherein a decrease in the area of the composite material spectrum and a transition to a low temperature, relative to bismuth oxybromide alone, indicate a decrease in the adsorption capacity and an enhancement in the activation capacity of the strain-modulated bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material.
FIG. 4 shows the CO and CH of a strain-modulated bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material under visible light irradiation 4 A generated rate comparison graph. Wherein, CO is the main product, and the generation rate is as high as 21.96 mu mol g -1 h -1 The performances are respectively 1.48,4.3 and 8.6 times of those of the composite material without strain modulation, pure bismuth oxybromide and pure bismuth-based metal organic framework.
FIG. 5 shows the selectivity of the strain-modulated CO product of the bismuth-based metal-organic framework/bismuth oxybromide material, and the CO product selectivity of the synthesized composite material exceeds 96%.
Example 2:
example 2 is different from example 1 in that: and (3) adjusting the time of the light radiation treatment of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 10 hours. The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3:
example 3 is different from example 1 in that: and (3) adjusting the time of the light radiation treatment of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step 2.2 to be 20 hours. The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 4:
example 4 is different from example 1 in that: the time for carrying out light radiation treatment on the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step 2.2 is adjusted to be 30 hours. The remaining procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 5:
example 5 differs from example 1 in that: adjusting the amount of trimesic acid in the step 2.1 to 60 mg; and (3) adjusting the time of the light radiation treatment of the bismuth-based metal organic framework/bismuth oxybromide composite functional photocatalytic material obtained in the step (2.2) to 10 hours. The remaining procedure was the same as in example 1.