CN114984914A - Coal gangue-based adsorption material, coal gangue-based adsorption odor removal material and application - Google Patents

Coal gangue-based adsorption material, coal gangue-based adsorption odor removal material and application Download PDF

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CN114984914A
CN114984914A CN202210612663.3A CN202210612663A CN114984914A CN 114984914 A CN114984914 A CN 114984914A CN 202210612663 A CN202210612663 A CN 202210612663A CN 114984914 A CN114984914 A CN 114984914A
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gangue
odor
component
coal gangue
adsorption
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CN114984914B (en
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康乐
刘思凡
易大伟
杜慧玲
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a coal gangue-based adsorption material, a coal gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material and application, wherein the coal gangue-based adsorption material consists of an active component and a carrier component; the active component is one or more of ethylene urea, glutamic acid, L-lysine, glycine, manganese dioxide and potassium permanganate; the carrier component is one or more of bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue. The gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material consists of a gangue-based adsorption material and an odor-removing component, wherein the odor-removing component is tea and/or dried orange peel. According to the coal gangue-based adsorbing material disclosed by the invention, the active component is combined with the carrier component, so that the adsorbing capacity and the adsorbing rate of formaldehyde gas at room temperature are greatly improved, the adsorbing capacity of formaldehyde in the environment is enhanced, and the requirement on purification of formaldehyde in indoor air is further met. The odor removing component is combined with the active component and the carrier component, so that the odor removing component has a remarkable adsorption effect on odor gas, and further meets the requirement for removing the peculiar smell in indoor air.

Description

Coal gangue-based adsorption material, coal gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of indoor air purification, relates to an air purification material, and particularly relates to a coal gangue-based adsorption material, a coal gangue-based adsorption odor removal material and application thereof.
Background
With the progress of society and the improvement of the living standard of people, a large amount of building materials and decoration materials increase the comfort level of the family environment and simultaneously cause the pollution of indoor air, wherein 65 percent of volatile organic pollutants come from formaldehyde gas. Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a strong pungent odor and was identified in 2004 by the international agency for research on cancer (IARC) of the world health organization as a category 1 carcinogen. The short-term exposure of human body to formaldehyde may cause the immune function abnormality of organs such as lung, liver, etc., and the long-term exposure to formaldehyde may cause more serious diseases such as cancer, etc.
At present, the methods for removing formaldehyde, removing odor and sterilizing mainly comprise a plant purification method, a ventilation method, a plasma method, a physical adsorption method, an ozone oxidation method, a photocatalytic oxidation method and the like. The physical adsorption method is one of the most extensive methods for removing formaldehyde and removing odor, and the common adsorption carrier is selected from activated carbon, molecular sieves and the like. The existing adsorption carrier has limited adsorption capacity and is difficult to meet the requirements of formaldehyde purification and peculiar smell removal. In addition, the method also has the defects of short service life, easy secondary pollution and the like.
The coal gangue is a main industrial solid waste separated from lump coal in the coal dressing process, the coal gangue is increased along with the increase of energy demand, and the high-efficiency treatment of the coal gangue becomes a worldwide problem because a large amount of coal gangue is accumulated to occupy large-area land resources and further induce environmental problems of land degradation, underground water pollution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a coal gangue-based adsorption material, a coal gangue-based adsorption odor removing material and application thereof, and solve the technical problems that the adsorption material in the prior art cannot meet the requirements for purifying formaldehyde and removing odor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
the coal gangue-based adsorbing material is composed of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the mass ratio of the active component to the carrier component is (0.6-1): 10;
the active component is one or more of ethylene urea, glutamic acid, L-lysine, glycine, manganese dioxide and potassium permanganate;
the carrier component is one or more of bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
preferably, the active component consists of ethylene urea, L-lysine and potassium permanganate, and the mass ratio of the ethylene urea to the L-lysine to the potassium permanganate is 5:1: 1; the carrier component comprises bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the diatomite to the coal gangue is 5:3: 2.
Preferably, or the active component consists of ethylene urea and glycine, and the mass ratio of the ethylene urea to the glycine is 1: 1; the carrier component comprises bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the diatomite to the coal gangue is 6:3: 1.
Specifically, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorption material specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, adding water into the active component and uniformly stirring to prepare an active component solution;
step two, adding a carrier component into the active component solution prepared in the step one, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixture;
and step three, dipping the mixture prepared in the step two for 20-30 hours, and curing the dipped mixture for 3-5 hours at 80-90 ℃ to prepare the coal gangue-based adsorbing material.
Specifically, in the first step, the mass ratio of water to active components is (6-8): (0.6-1).
The invention also protects the application of the coal gangue-based adsorption material as a formaldehyde adsorption material in indoor air purification.
Specifically, the application includes: 5g of the gangue-based adsorbing material is placed in a closed container, the initial formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 3mg/mL, and after the closed container is placed for 24 hours, the residual formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 0.02-0.8 mg/mL.
Preferably, the application comprises: 5g of the gangue-based adsorption material is put into a closed container, the initial formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 3mg/mL, and after the closed container is placed for 24 hours, the residual formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 0.02 mg/mL.
The invention also protects a coal gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material which consists of the coal gangue-based adsorption material and odor-removing components; the taste-removing component is tea and/or dried orange peel;
the mass ratio of the coal gangue-based adsorbing material to the smell removing component is (10.7-11): (1-2).
The invention also protects the application of the coal gangue-based adsorption odor removing material as a formaldehyde adsorption material and an odor removing material in indoor air purification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the active component of the coal gangue-based adsorbing material can react with formaldehyde by utilizing self amino to generate hydroxymethyl derivatives, so that the chemical decomposition effect on formaldehyde is realized. The carrier component has a microporous structure, and the specific surface area of the carrier component is large, so that on one hand, enough attachment space can be provided for the active component, and on the other hand, the carrier component can absorb formaldehyde. The active component is combined with the carrier component, so that the adsorption capacity and the adsorption rate of formaldehyde gas at room temperature are greatly improved, the adsorption capacity of formaldehyde in the environment is enhanced, and the requirement on the purification of formaldehyde in indoor air is further met.
The gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material disclosed by the invention is characterized in that an odor-removing component is added on the basis of an active component and a carrier component, and the odor-removing component is combined with the active component and the carrier component, so that the gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material has a remarkable adsorption effect on odor gases such as odor sour bamboo shoots and odor eggs, and further meets the requirement for removing the odor of indoor air.
In the coal gangue-based adsorbing material, the carrier component adopts bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue, and the components are simple, nontoxic and low in economic cost.
(IV) the gangue-based adsorbing material disclosed by the invention adopts the gangue, so that the efficient reutilization of the gangue is realized, the economic added value of the gangue is improved, and the green environmental protection is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process of a coal gangue-based adsorption material and a coal gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that all the raw materials in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are those known in the art, for example, coal gangue, bentonite and diatomite, which have particle sizes of 200 mesh and are known in the art, are those known in the art, and the oxide compositions in the coal gangue, bentonite and diatomite are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3:
TABLE 1 oxide composition of coal gangue
Oxidation by oxygenArticle (A) CaO MgO SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 TiO 2 K 2 O Na 2 O Loss
wt.％ 0.82 1.57 61.39 23.76 4.14 0.79 2.82 1.62 2.11
TABLE 2 oxide composition of Bentonite
Oxide compound SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 CaO MgO K 2 O Na 2 O Fe 2 O 3 FeO Loss
wt.％ 69.32 14.27 1.99 2.69 1.04 1.58 1.84 0.63 0.27
TABLE 3 oxide composition of diatomaceous earth
Oxide compound SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 CaO MgO Loss
wt.％ 92.75 2.57 0.54 0.29 0.19 2.89
In the invention:
the performance test process of the formaldehyde adsorption effect comprises the following steps: and (3) placing 5g of adsorbing material into a closed container, wherein the initial formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 3mg/mL, and after placing for 24 hours, detecting the residual formaldehyde concentration in the closed container by adopting a formaldehyde detection kit known in the prior art.
The performance test process of the peculiar smell removing effect comprises the following steps: putting 5g of the adsorption odor-removing material into a closed container containing 1g of odorous sour bamboo shoots, and after standing for 24h, judging the odor removing effect of the adsorption odor-removing material by smelling the odor.
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which comprises an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component comprises 0.5g of ethylene urea, 0.1g of L-lysine and 0.1g of potassium permanganate; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorption material comprises the following steps:
step one, adding 8mL of water into an active component, stirring for 0.5h, and fully dissolving to obtain an active component solution;
step two, putting the active component solution prepared in the step one into a stirring tank, adding a pre-mixed carrier component, and fully and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixture;
and step three, soaking the mixture prepared in the step two for 24 hours, then placing the soaked mixture into a constant-temperature drying oven, and curing for 4 hours at 90 ℃ to prepare the coal gangue-based adsorbing material.
In this example, the formaldehyde adsorption effect of examples 1 to 9 was subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which consists of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component consists of 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.5g of glycine; the carrier component consisted of 6g of bentonite, 3g of diatomaceous earth and 1g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example gives an adsorption material consisting of a carrier component consisting of 6g of bentonite, 3g of diatomaceous earth and 1g of coal gangue.
In this comparative example, the adsorbent was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that: this comparative example, in step one, no active ingredient was added.
In this comparative example, the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the adsorbing material was subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in table 4.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example gives an adsorption material consisting of a carrier component consisting of 7g of bentonite and 3g of diatomaceous earth.
In this comparative example, the adsorbent was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that: this comparative example, in step one, no active ingredient was added.
In this comparative example, the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the adsorbing material was subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which consists of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component consists of 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.5g of glycine; the carrier component consists of 9g of bentonite and 1g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which consists of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component consists of 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.5g of L-lysine; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which comprises an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component comprises 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.1g of L-glycine; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorbing material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which comprises an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component comprises 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.1g of potassium permanganate; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 7:
this example provides a gangue-based adsorbent material consisting of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component consists of 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.1g of manganese dioxide; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 8:
this example provides a gangue-based adsorbent material, which is composed of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component is composed of 0.5g of manganese dioxide and 0.1g of potassium permanganate; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorption material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 9:
this example provides a gangue-based adsorbent material, which is composed of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component is composed of 0.5g of ethylene urea, 0.1g of manganese dioxide, and 0.1g of potassium permanganate; the carrier component consists of 5g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 2g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the formaldehyde adsorption effect of the gangue-based adsorbing material, and the results are shown in table 4.
Example 10:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which comprises an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component comprises 0.5g of ethylene urea, 0.1g of L-lysine and 0.1g of potassium permanganate; the carrier component consists of 6g of bentonite, 3g of diatomite and 1g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is completely the same as that in embodiment 1.
Example 11:
the embodiment provides a coal gangue-based adsorbing material which consists of an active component and a carrier component, wherein the active component consists of 0.5g of ethylene urea and 0.5g of glycine; the carrier component consists of 9g of bentonite and 1g of coal gangue.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that: in step one, 6mL of water was used.
Example 12:
in this embodiment, a gangue-based adsorption odor removal material is provided, and as shown in fig. 1, after adding odor removal components to the gangue-based adsorption material of embodiment 1 and mixing them uniformly, a gangue-based adsorption odor removal material is prepared; the odor-removing component is pericarpium Citri Tangerinae. In this example, the mass of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material was 10.7g, and the mass of the odor removal component was 1 g.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the odor removal effect of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material, and the results are shown in table 5.
Example 13:
in this embodiment, a gangue-based adsorption odor removal material is provided, and as shown in fig. 1, after adding odor removal components to the gangue-based adsorption material of embodiment 1 and mixing them uniformly, a gangue-based adsorption odor removal material is prepared; the odor-removing component is tea. In this example, the mass of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material was 10.7g, and the mass of the odor removal component was 2 g.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the odor removal effect of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material, and the results are shown in table 5.
Example 14:
the embodiment provides a gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material, wherein the gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material is prepared by adding odor-removing components into the gangue-based adsorption material in the embodiment 11 and uniformly mixing; the odor-removing component is pericarpium Citri Tangerinae. In this example, the mass of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material was 11g, and the mass of the odor removal component was 1 g.
In this example, performance tests were performed on the odor removal effect of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material, and the results are shown in table 5.
Example 15:
the embodiment provides a gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material, wherein the gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material is prepared by adding odor-removing components into the gangue-based adsorption material in the embodiment 11 and uniformly mixing; the odor-removing component is tea. In this example, the mass of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material was 11g, and the mass of the odor removal component was 2 g.
In this example, the results of performance tests on the odor removal effect of the gangue-based adsorption odor removal material are shown in table 5.
Table 4 results of formaldehyde adsorption effect performance test of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 and 2
Figure BDA0003672525500000111
Table 5 results of odor removal performance test of examples 11 to 15
Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15
The result of the detection Has no odor and has pericarpium Citri Tangerinae flavor Slight odor Slightly smelly and slightly orange peel flavor Slight odor
The following conclusions can be drawn from examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 and 2:
in each of examples 1 to 9, the residual formaldehyde concentration was less than 0.8mg/m 3 Wherein the residual formaldehyde concentration of examples 1 and 2 was 0.02mg/m 3 Lower than the limit value of indoor air formaldehyde concentration of 0.10mg/m specified by national sanitary standard 3 The lower the residual formaldehyde concentration is, the better the adsorption effect is. While comparative examples 1 and 2 each had a residual formaldehyde concentration of 0.9mg/m or more 3 。
From the above analysis, it is understood that the examples 1 to 9 have a significantly better formaldehyde adsorption effect than the comparative examples 1 and 2. Compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, in examples 1 to 9, the active component is added into the carrier component, the active component can perform a chemical decomposition effect on formaldehyde, and the active component and the carrier component are combined to perform a physical adsorption effect on formaldehyde, so that the coal gangue-based adsorption material provided by the invention has a good adsorption effect on formaldehyde.
The following conclusions can be drawn from examples 11 to 15:
in examples 11 to 15, the gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material had a good odor-removing effect. Compared with examples 1 to 9, examples 11 to 15 further added an odor-removing component, which in combination with the active component and the carrier component, was able to exert a good adsorption effect on odor molecules, thereby achieving a good odor-removing effect.

Claims (10)

1. The coal gangue-based adsorbing material is characterized by comprising an active component and a carrier component, wherein the mass ratio of the active component to the carrier component is (0.6-1): 10;
the active component is one or more of ethylene urea, glutamic acid, L-lysine, glycine, manganese dioxide and potassium permanganate;
the carrier component is one or more of bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue.
2. The gangue-based adsorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active component consists of ethylene urea, L-lysine and potassium permanganate, and the mass ratio of ethylene urea to L-lysine to potassium permanganate is 5:1: 1; the carrier component comprises bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the diatomite to the coal gangue is 5:3: 2.
3. The gangue-based adsorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active component is composed of ethylene urea and glycine, and the mass ratio of ethylene urea to glycine is 1: 1; the carrier component comprises bentonite, diatomite and coal gangue, and the mass ratio of the bentonite to the diatomite to the coal gangue is 6:3: 1.
4. The gangue-based adsorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the gangue-based adsorbing material comprises the following steps:
step one, adding water into the active component and uniformly stirring to prepare an active component solution;
step two, adding a carrier component into the active component solution prepared in the step one, and uniformly stirring to prepare a mixture;
and step three, dipping the mixture prepared in the step two for 20-30 hours, and curing the dipped mixture for 3-5 hours at 80-90 ℃ to prepare the coal gangue-based adsorbing material.
5. The gangue-based adsorbing material as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the first step, the mass ratio of water to active components is (6-8): (0.6-1).
6. Use of the gangue-based adsorption material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 as formaldehyde adsorption material for indoor air purification.
7. The application of claim 6, wherein 5g of the gangue-based adsorbing material is placed in a closed container, the initial formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 3mg/mL, and after the closed container is placed for 24 hours, the residual formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 0.02-0.8 mg/mL.
8. The use of claim 7, wherein 5g of the gangue-based absorbent material is placed in a closed container, the initial formaldehyde concentration in the closed container is 3mg/mL, and the residual formaldehyde concentration in the closed container after 24h of standing is 0.02 mg/mL.
9. A gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material, which is characterized by consisting of the gangue-based adsorption material and odor-removing component as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5; the taste-removing component is tea and/or dried orange peel;
the mass ratio of the coal gangue-based adsorbing material to the odor removing component is (10.7-11): (1-2).
10. The use of the gangue-based adsorption odor-removing material of claim 9 as a formaldehyde adsorbing material and an odor-removing material for indoor air purification.
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