CN114982596B - Air water collection and drip irrigation device and method - Google Patents
Air water collection and drip irrigation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114982596B CN114982596B CN202210596162.0A CN202210596162A CN114982596B CN 114982596 B CN114982596 B CN 114982596B CN 202210596162 A CN202210596162 A CN 202210596162A CN 114982596 B CN114982596 B CN 114982596B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
- A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air water collecting and drip irrigation device and method, comprising an air water collecting mechanism and a water storage drip irrigation mechanism; the air water collecting mechanism utilizes the dew collecting plate and the glass plate to bind dew at night or early morning, and can release water vapor adsorbed by the adsorbent bed from the air at night or early morning again in daytime, and bind dew on the cooled glass plate, so that the dew collecting plate and the dew on the glass plate are finally collected, and the water collecting amount in desert air is increased; the water storage drip irrigation mechanism utilizes two water pipes with different height positions to realize stable water level in the drip irrigation pipe, so that the water quantity delivered to plants is stable; according to the difference of plant water demand, utilize the cotton hose and the cotton rope quantity that press rope mechanism to adjust the water supply, adjust the water yield size of delivering to the plant. The invention can effectively collect water from the air under the extreme climate condition of the desert, and supplies water for plants by utilizing the accurate drip irrigation mode of the water storage drip irrigation mechanism, thereby realizing the maximization of water resource utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air water collection and drip irrigation, in particular to an air water collection and drip irrigation device and method.
Background
Land desertification is increasingly attracting attention in human society. In desert areas, how to effectively obtain water resources and realize water and energy saving planting is a difficult problem that must be broken. Worldwide, many methods have been used to collect water, such as by sea water desalination, groundwater collection, rainwater collection and storage, but these sources are limited by geographical location and climatic conditions, so collecting water in the atmosphere becomes critical and using surface cooling to obtain water is an important way to collect water in the atmosphere. However, the existing equipment for taking water by using surface cooling has high cost due to difficult refrigeration; in addition, flood irrigation of plants in the desert now requires not only a lot of manpower, but also waste of water resources. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop a device that is capable of taking water in a desert and drip irrigation plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides an air water collecting and drip irrigation device and an air water collecting and drip irrigation method.
The invention relates to an air water collecting and drip irrigation device which comprises an air water collecting mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a water storage drip irrigation mechanism. The air water collecting mechanism comprises an upper water collecting tank, a first water pipe, a three-way pipe, a second water pipe, a front shutter, a rear shutter, a dew collecting plate, a glass plate, an adsorbent bed fixing plate and a lower water collecting tank; the dew collecting plate, the glass plate and the adsorbent bed fixing plate are sequentially arranged at intervals from top to bottom, and the dew collecting plate and the glass plate are obliquely arranged; the bottom end of the dew collecting plate is embedded into the upper water collecting tank, and the bottom end of the glass plate is embedded into the lower water collecting tank; a throttling air inlet with two sides respectively fixed with the two side plates is arranged between the top end of the dew collecting plate and the top end of the glass plate, or a refrigerating sheet connected with the controller is fixed at the top end of the glass plate; the front louver and the rear louver are positioned between the glass plate and the adsorbent bed fixing plate, the front louver is positioned at the top end position of the glass plate, and the rear louver is positioned at the bottom end position of the glass plate; one side of the dew collecting plate, the glass plate, the adsorbent bed fixing plate, the upper water collecting tank, the front louver and the rear louver are all fixed with one side plate, and the other side is all fixed with the other side plate; the interval between the two side plates is fixed on the upper section frame; the upper section frame is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism; the lower water collecting tank is fixed on the rear louver; the front shutter driving mechanism drives the front shutter, and the rear shutter driving mechanism drives the rear shutter; both sides of the upper water collecting tank and the lower water collecting tank are closed; the top end of the first water pipe is communicated with the upper water collecting tank, and the top end of the second water pipe is communicated with the lower water collecting tank; the bottom ends of the first water pipe and the second water pipe are respectively connected with two interfaces of the three-way pipe; a plurality of adsorbent beds are fixed on the adsorbent bed fixing plate, and adsorbent materials are arranged in the adsorbent beds.
The water storage drip irrigation mechanism comprises a first water storage tank, a drip irrigation pipe, a cotton thread hose and a cotton rope; the first inlet of the first water storage tank is communicated with the third interface of the three-way pipe in the air water collecting mechanism, and the second inlet is used as an external water source interface and is in a closed state when not used; the drip irrigation pipe is connected with the outlet of the first water storage tank; one end of the cotton thread hose is inserted into the drip irrigation pipe and is fixed with a cotton rope arranged in the drip irrigation pipe.
Preferably, the upper water pipe connecting block is fixed on the upper water collecting tank, and the lower water pipe connecting block is fixed on the lower water collecting tank; the top end of the first water pipe passes through the upper water pipe connecting block and is communicated with the upper water collecting tank; the top end of the second water pipe passes through the lower water pipe connecting block and is communicated with the lower water collecting tank.
Preferably, the front shutter driving mechanism comprises a front steering engine, a front connecting rod and a front iron wire; the front steering engine is fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the front connecting rod is fixed with one blade of the front shutter, and the other end is fixed with one end of the front iron wire; the other end of the front iron wire is fixed with an output shaft of the front steering engine; the rear shutter driving mechanism comprises a rear steering engine, a rear connecting rod and a rear iron wire; the rear steering engine is fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the rear connecting rod is fixed with one blade of the rear shutter, and the other end is fixed with one end of the rear iron wire; the other end of the rear iron wire is fixed with the output shaft of the rear steering engine.
Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a first optical axis, a first synchronous pulley, a turntable upper plate, a turntable outer ring, a turntable inner ring, a turntable lower plate, a second optical axis, a second synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt; the motor is fixed on the motor bracket; the first optical axis and the first bearing seat form a revolute pair and are connected with an output shaft of the motor through a coupler; the second optical axis and the second bearing form a revolute pair; the motor bracket, the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are all fixed on the lower section frame; the first synchronous belt wheel is fixed on a first optical axis; the second synchronous belt pulley is fixed on the second optical axis and is connected with the first synchronous belt pulley through a synchronous belt; the outer ring of the turntable is fixed on a lower turntable plate which is fixed on a lower profile frame; the turntable upper plate is fixed with the second optical axis through a flange plate; the inner ring of the turntable and the outer ring of the turntable form a revolute pair and are fixed on the bottom surface of the upper plate of the turntable.
Preferably, a third interface of the three-way pipe in the air water collecting mechanism is connected with one end of a fifth water pipe through a quick connector, and the other end of the fifth water pipe is connected with an inlet of a second water storage tank; the outlet of the second water storage tank is communicated with the first inlet of the first water storage tank through a third water pipe; the top of the second water storage tank is provided with a vent hole; the third water pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; the first water storage tank is fixed on the lower section frame through a first water storage tank bracket, and the second water storage tank is fixed on the lower section frame through a second water storage tank bracket; the second inlet of the first water storage tank is connected with a fourth water pipe which is connected with an external water source, and the fourth water pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the outlet in the middle of the first water storage tank is connected with the first inlet of the drip irrigation pipe through a seventh water pipe; a third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the seventh water pipe; the outlet at the bottom of the first water storage tank is connected with the second inlet of the drip irrigation pipe through a sixth water pipe; a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the sixth water pipe; the first inlet position of the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the second inlet position; the first water storage tank is internally provided with a liquid level sensor connected with the controller.
Preferably, the rope pressing mechanism is further provided with a rope pressing bracket, a first rope pressing block, a spring, a hose connector, a first connecting rod, a rope pressing steering engine, a second connecting rod, a rope pressing limiting block and a second rope pressing block; the drip irrigation pipe is fixed on the rope pressing bracket; the rope pressing steering engine is fixed on the rope pressing bracket, an output shaft of the rope pressing steering engine is fixed with one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the rope pressing limiting block; the rope pressing limiting block and the rope pressing bracket form a sliding pair; the first rope pressing block and the second rope pressing block form sliding pairs with the rope pressing support, are connected with the rope pressing limiting block through springs, and are lower than the second rope pressing block; three groups of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes are arranged in the water storage drip irrigation mechanism, three inlets of hose joints are respectively connected with the other ends of the three cotton rope hoses, and outlets of the hose joints are connected with drip irrigation rope pipes; the first rope pressing block and the second rope pressing block are respectively positioned above one cotton rope hose.
Preferably, the solar energy device is further arranged, and comprises a solar panel, a wind direction sensor and a sensor connecting block; the solar panel is fixed on the upright post and provides electric energy for the controller, the rotating mechanism, the front shutter driving mechanism, the rear shutter driving mechanism and the rope pressing mechanism; the wind direction sensor is fixed at the top end of the upright post through a sensor connecting block, and the signal output end of the wind direction sensor is connected with the controller; the photosensitive sensor is fixed on the upright post, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor is connected with the controller.
The method for collecting water and drip irrigation by the air water collecting and drip irrigation device comprises the following steps:
the water collecting process is as follows:
when the wind direction sensor detects the wind direction, signals are fed back to the controller, and the controller controls the rotating mechanism to adjust the direction of the air water collecting mechanism, so that the top end of the dew collecting plate, the top end of the glass plate and the front louver always face the wind.
When the photosensitive sensor detects that the window is at night, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutter to open, and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutter to open; the water vapor in the wind entering the front louver and passing through the adsorbent bed is absorbed by the adsorbent material in the adsorbent bed; when wind passes through the glass plate and the dew collecting plate, dew water accumulated on the glass plate flows into the lower water collecting tank, and dew water accumulated on the dew collecting plate flows into the upper water collecting tank.
When the photosensitive sensor detects the daytime, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutter to be closed, and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutter to be closed; gradually evaporating water in the adsorbent material in the adsorbent bed to form water vapor along with the gradual rise of the temperature in the daytime; when the throttling air inlet is arranged, due to the throttling expansion principle of the throttling air inlet, the air pressure entering the throttling air inlet is reduced, the speed is increased, the temperature is reduced, the temperature of the glass plate is lower than that of the water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surface of the glass plate and flows into a lower water collecting tank; if the refrigerating sheet is arranged, the temperature of the glass plate is also reduced, and water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surface of the glass plate and flows into the water collecting tank on the lower layer.
The drip irrigation process comprises the following steps:
the water in the lower water collecting tank and the upper water collecting tank flows into the second water storage tank for storage; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank is lower than a set water level point state, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to keep a closed state, the second electromagnetic valve is opened, and water flows from the second water storage tank into the first water storage tank; if an external water source exists, and the water level of the second water storage tank is insufficient to enable the first water storage tank to be higher than the set water level point, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, and the first water storage tank is full. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank is higher than the set water level point, the second electromagnetic valve is closed after being continuously opened for a set time; then the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are opened, water in the first water storage tank flows into the drip irrigation pipe from the sixth water pipe until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe, the first water storage tank achieves a completely closed state, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is not changed any more; when the plant root is in water shortage, the drip irrigation rope tube is used for realizing drip irrigation on the plant root, and water in the drip irrigation rope tube is sucked from the drip irrigation tube by the cotton rope and is transmitted through the cotton hose and the hose connector. When the water level in the drip irrigation pipe falls below the outlet of the seventh water pipe due to the drip irrigation plants, the sixth water pipe supplies the water of the first water storage tank into the drip irrigation pipe again until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is in a stable state again and is not changed any more.
Preferably, in the drip irrigation process, the quantity of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes for supplying water is regulated according to the different water requirements of plants, and specifically: when the water demand of the plants is large, three groups of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes supply water simultaneously; when the water demand of plants is medium, the rope pressing steering engine drives the rope pressing limiting block to move downwards by a set distance through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, so that the first rope pressing block presses the lower cotton rope, but the first rope pressing block does not completely press the lower cotton rope due to the existence of the spring; the second rope pressing block is higher than the first rope pressing block and does not press the cotton rope below the second rope pressing block; when the plant water demand is less, press rope steering wheel to continue to drive and press rope stopper downwardly moving, make first rope pressing piece compress tightly the cotton rope of below completely, and the second rope pressing piece also presses on the cotton rope of below.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can effectively collect water from the air under the extreme climate condition of the desert, and supplies water for plants by utilizing the accurate drip irrigation mode of the water storage drip irrigation mechanism, thereby realizing the maximization and optimization of water resource utilization, furthest solving the problem that the plants in the desert cannot survive due to water shortage, and contributing to ecological restoration and desert greening. The dew collecting plate and the glass plate can be used for condensing dew at night or early morning, water vapor adsorbed by the adsorbent bed from air at night or early morning can be released again in daytime, dew is condensed on the cooled glass plate, and finally the dew on the dew collecting plate and the glass plate is collected, so that the water collection amount in desert air is greatly increased. In the drip irrigation process, the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is stable by utilizing two water pipes with different height positions, so that the water quantity delivered to plants is stable. Further, according to the difference of the water demand of different plants in each growth stage, the cotton thread hose and the cotton rope quantity for supplying water can be adjusted by utilizing the rope pressing mechanism, so that the water quantity delivered to the plants is adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air collection mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air collection assembly of the present invention with the side panels removed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of communication between an air water collection mechanism and a water storage drip irrigation mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an assembly of a medium pressure rope mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an air water collecting and drip irrigation device comprises an air water collecting mechanism 1, a rotating mechanism 2 and a water storage drip irrigation mechanism 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air water collection mechanism 1 includes an upper water collection tank 1-3, a first water pipe 1-7, a tee pipe 1-8, a second water pipe 1-12, a front louver 1-6, a rear louver 1-16, a dew collection plate 1-18, a glass plate 1-19, an adsorbent bed 1-20, an adsorbent bed fixing plate 1-21, and a lower water collection tank 1-22; the dew collecting plates 1-18, the glass plates 1-19 and the adsorbent bed fixing plates 1-21 are sequentially arranged at intervals from top to bottom, and the dew collecting plates 1-18 and the glass plates 1-19 are obliquely arranged; the bottom ends of the dew-water collecting plates 1-18 are embedded into the upper water collecting grooves 1-3 so as to maximally collect dew on the upper and lower surfaces of the dew-water collecting plates 1-18; the bottom ends of the glass plates 1-19 are embedded into the lower water collecting grooves 1-22; a throttling air inlet 1-5 with two sides respectively fixed with the two side plates 1-2 is arranged between the top end of the dew collecting plate 1-18 and the top end of the glass plate 1-19, or a refrigerating sheet connected with a controller is fixed at the top end of the glass plate 1-19; the throttling air inlet 1-5 is in a truncated cone shape, and the cross section of the throttling air inlet 1-5 is gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet; the front louver 1-6 and the rear louver 1-16 are positioned between the glass plate 1-19 and the adsorbent bed fixing plate 1-21, the front louver 1-6 is positioned at the top end position of the glass plate 1-19, and the rear louver 1-16 is positioned at the bottom end position of the glass plate 1-19; one side of the dew collecting plate 1-18, the glass plate 1-19, the adsorbent bed fixing plate 1-21, the upper water collecting tank 1-3, the front louver 1-6 and the rear louver 1-16 is fixed with one side plate 1-2, and the other side is fixed with the other side plate 1-2; the two side plates 1-2 are fixed on the upper section frame at intervals; the upper profile frame is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism 2; the lower water collecting tank 1-22 is fixed on the rear louver 1-16; the front shutter driving mechanism drives the front shutters 1-6, and the rear shutter driving mechanism drives the rear shutters 1-16; both sides of the upper water collecting tank 1-3 and the lower water collecting tank 1-22 are closed; the top end of the first water pipe 1-7 is communicated with the upper water collecting tank 1-3, and the top end of the second water pipe 1-12 is communicated with the lower water collecting tank 1-22; the bottom ends of the first water pipe 1-7 and the second water pipe 1-12 are respectively connected with two interfaces of the three-way pipe 1-8; the adsorbent bed fixing plates 1-21 are fixedly provided with a plurality of adsorbent beds 1-20, and adsorbent materials are arranged in the adsorbent beds 1-20 and can absorb water vapor in air and release the absorbed water vapor at high temperature.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the water storage drip irrigation mechanism 3 includes a first water storage tank 3-2, a drip irrigation pipe 3-14, a cotton hose 3-13 and a cotton string 3-18; the first inlet of the first water storage tank 3-2 is communicated with the third interface of the three-way pipe 1-8 in the air water collecting mechanism 1, and the second inlet is used as an external water source interface and can be connected with an external water source according to actual requirements; the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is connected with the outlet of the first water storage tank 3-2; one end of the cotton thread hose 3-13 is inserted into the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 and fixed with the cotton thread rope 3-18 arranged in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14, and water is gradually infiltrated into the other end of the cotton thread hose 3-13 through the cotton thread rope 3-18 and then led to the root of the plant.
Preferably, the top and bottom surfaces of the dew collecting plates 1-18 are provided with a plurality of collecting grooves which are equidistantly arranged, so that the contact area with air can be increased, and more dew can be collected.
Preferably, the dew-water collecting plates 1-18 are fixedly connected with the side plates 1-2 through a plurality of L-shaped connecting pieces 1-4.
Preferably, the inclination angles of the dew-water collecting plates 1 to 18 and the glass plates 1 to 19 are each 30 degrees.
Preferably, the adsorbent beds 1-20 are provided with strip-shaped openings to allow sufficient contact between the air and the adsorbent material.
Preferably, the upper water pipe connecting block 1-17 is fixed on the upper water collecting tank 1-3, and the lower water pipe connecting block 1-1 is fixed on the lower water collecting tank 1-22; the top end of the first water pipe 1-7 passes through the upper water pipe connecting block 1-17 and is communicated with the upper water collecting tank 1-3; the top end of the second water pipe 1-12 passes through the lower water pipe connecting block 1-1 and is communicated with the lower water collecting tank 1-22.
Preferably, the front shutter driving mechanism comprises a front steering engine 1-9, a front connecting rod 1-11 and a front iron wire 1-10; the front steering engines 1-9 are fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the front connecting rod 1-11 is fixed with one blade of the front shutter 1-6, and the other end is fixed with one end of the front iron wire 1-10; the other end of the front iron wire 1-10 is fixed with an output shaft of the front steering engine 1-9; the front steering engine 1-9 can drive the front connecting rod 1-11 to rotate by pulling the front iron wire 1-10, so that the front shutter 1-6 can be opened and closed; the rear shutter driving mechanism comprises a rear steering engine 1-13, a rear connecting rod 1-15 and a rear iron wire 1-14; the rear steering engine 1-13 is fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the rear connecting rod 1-15 is fixed with one blade of the rear shutter 1-16, and the other end is fixed with one end of the rear iron wire 1-14; the other end of the rear iron wire 1-14 is fixed with an output shaft of the rear steering engine 1-13; the rear steering engine 1-13 rotates to drive the rear iron wires 1-14 and the rear connecting rods 1-15, so that the rear shutter 1-16 is opened and closed; the ventilation or sealing of the adsorbent bed 1-20 can be achieved by the simultaneous linkage of the front louvers 1-6 and the rear louvers 1-16.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotating mechanism 2 comprises a motor 2-1, a first optical axis 2-3, a first synchronous pulley 2-4, a turntable upper plate 2-6, a turntable outer ring 2-8, a turntable inner ring 2-9, a turntable lower plate 2-10, a second optical axis 2-12, a second synchronous pulley 2-13 and a synchronous belt 2-14; the motor 2-1 is fixed on the motor bracket 2-15; the first optical axis 2-3 and the first bearing seat 2-5 form a revolute pair and are connected with an output shaft of the motor 2-1 through a coupler 2-2; the second optical axis 2-12 and the second bearing 2-11 form a revolute pair; the motor bracket 2-15, the first bearing seat 2-5 and the second bearing seat 2-11 are all fixed on the lower section frame; the first synchronous pulley 2-4 is fixed on the first optical axis 2-3; the second synchronous pulley 2-13 is fixed on the second optical axis 2-12 and is connected with the first synchronous pulley 2-4 through a synchronous belt 2-14; the turntable outer ring 2-8 is fixed on the turntable lower plate 2-10, and the turntable lower plate 2-10 is fixed on the lower profile frame; the turntable upper plate 2-6 is fixed with the second optical axis 2-12 through a flange plate 2-7; the inner circle 2-9 of the turntable and the outer circle 2-8 of the turntable form a revolute pair and are fixed on the bottom surface of the upper plate 2-6 of the turntable; the outer circle 2-8 of the turntable plays a supporting role on the inner circle 2-9 of the turntable.
Preferably, the drip irrigation pipes 3-14 are in an inverted conical shape, so that the drip irrigation pipes are conveniently pricked into soil for fixation.
Preferably, a third interface of a three-way pipe 1-8 in the air water collecting mechanism 1 is connected with one end of a fifth water pipe 3-8 through a quick connector 3-7, and the other end of the fifth water pipe 3-8 is connected with an inlet of a second water storage tank 3-9; the outlet of the second water storage tank 3-9 is communicated with the first inlet of the first water storage tank 3-2 through a third water pipe 3-4; the top of the second water storage tank 3-9 is provided with a vent hole, so that the pressure in the second water storage tank 3-9 is equal to the atmospheric pressure, and the water in the three-way pipe 1-8 can smoothly flow down; the third water pipe 3-4 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 3-11; the first water storage tank 3-2 is fixed on the lower section frame through the first water storage tank bracket 3-3, and the second water storage tank 3-9 is fixed on the lower section frame through the second water storage tank bracket 3-10; the second inlet of the first water storage tank 3-2 is connected with a fourth water pipe 3-5, the fourth water pipe 3-5 is connected with an external water source, and the fourth water pipe 3-5 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 3-6.
Preferably, the outlet in the middle of the first water storage tank 3-2 is connected with the first inlet of the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 through a seventh water pipe 3-17; the seventh water pipe 3-17 is provided with a third electromagnetic valve 3-12; the outlet at the bottom of the first water storage tank 3-2 is connected with the second inlet of the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 through a sixth water pipe 3-15; the sixth water pipe 3-15 is provided with a fourth electromagnetic valve 3-16; the first inlet position of the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is higher than the second inlet position; a liquid level sensor connected with the controller is arranged in the first water storage tank 3-2.
More preferably, the outlet in the middle of the first water storage tank 3-2 is connected with the seventh water pipe 3-17 through the rubber pad pagoda head 3-1, and the outlet in the bottom of the first water storage tank 3-2 is connected with the sixth water pipe 3-15 through the rubber pad pagoda head 3-1.
Preferably, the device is also provided with a rope pressing mechanism, and the rope pressing mechanism comprises a rope pressing bracket 3-19, a first rope pressing block 3-20, a spring 3-21, a hose connector 3-22, a first connecting rod 3-23, a rope pressing steering engine 3-24, a second connecting rod 3-25, a rope pressing limiting block 3-26 and a second rope pressing block 3-27; the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is fixed on the rope pressing bracket 3-19; the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 is fixed on the rope pressing bracket 3-19, an output shaft of the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 is fixed with one end of the first connecting rod 3-23, and the other end of the first connecting rod 3-23 is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod 3-25; the other end of the second connecting rod 3-25 is hinged with the rope pressing limiting block 3-26; the rope pressing limiting block 3-26 and the rope pressing bracket 3-19 form a sliding pair; the first rope pressing block 3-20 and the second rope pressing block 3-27 form sliding pairs with the rope pressing bracket 3-19 and are connected with the rope pressing limiting block 3-26 through a spring 3-21, and the first rope pressing block 3-20 is lower than the second rope pressing block 3-27; three groups of cotton thread hoses 3-13 and cotton ropes 3-18 in the water storage drip irrigation mechanism 3 are arranged, three inlets of hose joints 3-22 are respectively connected with the other ends of the three cotton thread hoses 3-13, outlets of the hose joints 3-22 are connected with drip irrigation rope pipes, and the drip irrigation rope pipes guide water to plant roots; the first rope pressing block 3-20 and the second rope pressing block 3-27 are respectively positioned above one cotton rope hose 3-13.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, a solar device 4 is further provided, and the solar device 4 comprises a solar panel 4-1, a wind direction sensor 4-2 and a sensor connecting block 4-3; the solar panel 4-1 is fixed on the upright post and provides electric energy for the controller, the rotating mechanism 2, the front shutter driving mechanism, the rear shutter driving mechanism and the rope pressing mechanism, in particular to provide electric energy for the controller, the motor 2-1 in the rotating mechanism 2, the front steering engine 1-9 of the front shutter driving mechanism, the rear steering engine 1-13 of the rear shutter driving mechanism and the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 of the rope pressing mechanism, so that the problem of difficult power supply in a desert can be solved; preferably, the inclination angle of the solar panel 4-1 is 40 degrees; the wind direction sensor 4-2 is fixed at the top end of the upright post through the sensor connecting block 4-3, the signal output end of the wind direction sensor 4-2 is connected with the controller, the wind direction can be detected, the rotating mechanism 2 can adjust the orientation of the air water collecting mechanism 1, the air water collecting mechanism 1 always faces the wind, and the conversion efficiency is improved; the photosensitive sensor is fixed on the upright post, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor is connected with the controller and used for detecting whether the light is in the daytime or at night; the motor 2-1, the front steering engine 1-9, the rear steering engine 1-13, the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 and the electromagnetic valves are controlled by a controller; wherein, the wind direction sensor 4-2 and each electromagnetic valve are powered by the controller.
A method for collecting water and drip irrigation by an air water collecting and drip irrigation device comprises the following steps:
the water collecting process is as follows:
when the wind direction sensor 4-2 detects the wind direction, a signal is fed back to the controller, and the controller controls the rotating mechanism 2 to adjust the direction of the air water collecting mechanism 1, so that the top ends of the dew collecting plates 1-18, the top ends of the glass plates 1-19 and the front shutters 1-6 always face the wind.
When the photosensitive sensor detects that the window is at night, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutters 1-6 to open and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutters 1-16 to open; the water vapor in the wind entering the front louver 1-6 and passing through the adsorbent bed 1-20 is absorbed by the adsorbent material in the adsorbent bed 1-20; and when wind passes through the glass plates 1-19 and dew collecting plates 1-18, dew water which is bound on the glass plates 1-19 flows into the lower layer water collecting tank 1-22, and dew water which is bound on the dew collecting plates 1-18 flows into the upper layer water collecting tank 1-3.
When the photosensitive sensor detects daytime, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutters 1-6 to be closed, and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutters 1-16 to be closed; as the temperature gradually increases during the day, the water in the adsorbent materials in the adsorbent beds 1-20 gradually evaporates into water vapor; when the throttle air inlet 1-5 is arranged, due to the throttle expansion principle of the throttle air inlet 1-5, the air pressure entering the throttle air inlet 1-5 is reduced, the speed is increased, the temperature is reduced, the temperature of the glass plate 1-19 is lower than that of the water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surface of the glass plate 1-19 and flows into the lower water collecting tank 1-22; if the refrigerating sheet is arranged, the temperature of the glass plates 1-19 is reduced, and water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surfaces of the glass plates 1-19 and flows into the lower water collecting grooves 1-22.
The drip irrigation process comprises the following steps:
the water in the lower water collecting tank 1-22 and the upper water collecting tank 1-3 flows into the second water storage tank 3-9 for storage; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank 3-2 is lower than a set water level point (the set water level point is higher than the liquid level height of the inlet of the sixth water pipe 3-15), the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve 3-12 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 3-16 to keep a closed state, the second electromagnetic valve 3-11 is opened, and water flows from the second water storage tank 3-9 into the first water storage tank 3-2; if there is an external water source and the water level of the second water storage tank 3-9 is insufficient to make the water level of the first water storage tank 3-2 higher than the set water level point, the first electromagnetic valve 3-6 can be opened to make the first water storage tank 3-2 full. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank 3-2 is higher than the set water level point, the second electromagnetic valve 3-11 is closed after being continuously opened for a set time; then the third electromagnetic valve 3-12 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 3-16 are opened, water in the first water storage tank 3-2 flows into the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 from the sixth water pipe 3-15 (the inlet liquid level of the seventh water pipe 3-17 is higher, and the water inevitably flows out of the sixth water pipe 3-15) until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe 3-17, the first water storage tank 3-2 achieves a completely closed state, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is not changed any more; when the plant root is deficient in water, the drip irrigation rope tube achieves a drip irrigation effect on the plant root, and the water of the drip irrigation rope tube is sucked from the drip irrigation tube 3-14 by the cotton rope 3-18 and is transmitted through the cotton hose 3-13 and the hose connector 3-22. When the water level in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 falls below the outlet of the seventh water pipe 3-17 due to the drip irrigation plants, the sixth water pipe 3-15 supplies the water of the first water storage tank 3-2 into the drip irrigation pipe again until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe 3-17, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe 3-14 is in a stable state again and is not changed any more.
Preferably, in the drip irrigation process, the invention can supply water according to different adjustment of water demand of different plants in each growth stage, and the number of the cotton thread hoses 3-13 and the cotton ropes 3-18 is specifically as follows: when the water demand of plants is large, three groups of cotton thread hoses 3-13 and cotton ropes 3-18 supply water simultaneously; when the water demand of plants is medium, the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 drives the rope pressing limiting block 3-26 to move downwards by a set distance through the first connecting rod 3-23 and the second connecting rod 3-25, so that the first rope pressing block 3-20 presses the lower cotton rope, but the first rope pressing block 3-20 does not completely press the lower cotton rope due to the existence of the spring 3-21; the second rope pressing block 3-27 is higher than the first rope pressing block 3-20, so that the second rope pressing block 3-27 does not press cotton ropes below the second rope pressing block 3-27; when the water demand of plants is low, the rope pressing steering engine 3-24 continues to drive the rope pressing limiting blocks 3-26 to move downwards, so that the first rope pressing blocks 3-20 completely press the lower cotton ropes, and the second rope pressing blocks 3-27 also press the lower cotton ropes (the second rope pressing blocks 3-27 can completely press the lower cotton ropes or not completely press the lower cotton ropes as required).
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an air catchment and drip irrigation device, includes air catchment mechanism, rotary mechanism and water storage drip irrigation mechanism, its characterized in that: the air water collecting mechanism comprises an upper water collecting tank, a first water pipe, a three-way pipe, a second water pipe, a front shutter, a rear shutter, a dew collecting plate, a glass plate, an adsorbent bed fixing plate and a lower water collecting tank; the dew collecting plate, the glass plate and the adsorbent bed fixing plate are sequentially arranged at intervals from top to bottom, and the dew collecting plate and the glass plate are obliquely arranged; the bottom end of the dew collecting plate is embedded into the upper water collecting tank, and the bottom end of the glass plate is embedded into the lower water collecting tank; a throttling air inlet with two sides respectively fixed with the two side plates is arranged between the top end of the dew collecting plate and the top end of the glass plate, or a refrigerating sheet connected with the controller is fixed at the top end of the glass plate; the front louver and the rear louver are positioned between the glass plate and the adsorbent bed fixing plate, the front louver is positioned at the top end position of the glass plate, and the rear louver is positioned at the bottom end position of the glass plate; one side of the dew collecting plate, the glass plate, the adsorbent bed fixing plate, the upper water collecting tank, the front louver and the rear louver are all fixed with one side plate, and the other side is all fixed with the other side plate; the interval between the two side plates is fixed on the upper section frame; the upper section frame is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism; the lower water collecting tank is fixed on the rear louver; the front shutter driving mechanism drives the front shutter, and the rear shutter driving mechanism drives the rear shutter; both sides of the upper water collecting tank and the lower water collecting tank are closed; the top end of the first water pipe is communicated with the upper water collecting tank, and the top end of the second water pipe is communicated with the lower water collecting tank; the bottom ends of the first water pipe and the second water pipe are respectively connected with two interfaces of the three-way pipe; a plurality of adsorbent beds are fixed on the adsorbent bed fixing plate, and adsorbent materials are arranged in the adsorbent beds;
the water storage drip irrigation mechanism comprises a first water storage tank, a drip irrigation pipe, a cotton thread hose and a cotton rope; the first inlet of the first water storage tank is communicated with the third interface of the three-way pipe in the air water collecting mechanism, and the second inlet is used as an external water source interface and is in a closed state when not used; the drip irrigation pipe is connected with the outlet of the first water storage tank; one end of the cotton thread hose is inserted into the drip irrigation pipe and is fixed with a cotton rope arranged in the drip irrigation pipe;
the front shutter driving mechanism comprises a front steering engine, a front connecting rod and a front iron wire; the front steering engine is fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the front connecting rod is fixed with one blade of the front shutter, and the other end is fixed with one end of the front iron wire; the other end of the front iron wire is fixed with an output shaft of the front steering engine; the rear shutter driving mechanism comprises a rear steering engine, a rear connecting rod and a rear iron wire; the rear steering engine is fixed on the upper section frame; one end of the rear connecting rod is fixed with one blade of the rear shutter, and the other end is fixed with one end of the rear iron wire; the other end of the rear iron wire is fixed with an output shaft of the rear steering engine;
the rotating mechanism comprises a motor, a first optical axis, a first synchronous belt pulley, a turntable upper plate, a turntable outer ring, a turntable inner ring, a turntable lower plate, a second optical axis, a second synchronous belt pulley and a synchronous belt; the motor is fixed on the motor bracket; the first optical axis and the first bearing seat form a revolute pair and are connected with an output shaft of the motor through a coupler; the second optical axis and the second bearing form a revolute pair; the motor bracket, the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are all fixed on the lower section frame; the first synchronous belt wheel is fixed on a first optical axis; the second synchronous belt pulley is fixed on the second optical axis and is connected with the first synchronous belt pulley through a synchronous belt; the outer ring of the turntable is fixed on a lower turntable plate which is fixed on a lower profile frame; the turntable upper plate is fixed with the second optical axis through a flange plate; the inner ring of the turntable and the outer ring of the turntable form a revolute pair and are fixed on the bottom surface of the upper plate of the turntable;
a third interface of the three-way pipe in the air water collecting mechanism is connected with one end of a fifth water pipe through a quick connector, and the other end of the fifth water pipe is connected with an inlet of a second water storage tank; the outlet of the second water storage tank is communicated with the first inlet of the first water storage tank through a third water pipe; the top of the second water storage tank is provided with a vent hole; the third water pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; the first water storage tank is fixed on the lower section frame through a first water storage tank bracket, and the second water storage tank is fixed on the lower section frame through a second water storage tank bracket; the second inlet of the first water storage tank is connected with a fourth water pipe which is connected with an external water source, and a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fourth water pipe;
the outlet in the middle of the first water storage tank is connected with the first inlet of the drip irrigation pipe through a seventh water pipe; a third electromagnetic valve is arranged on the seventh water pipe; the outlet at the bottom of the first water storage tank is connected with the second inlet of the drip irrigation pipe through a sixth water pipe; a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the sixth water pipe; the first inlet position of the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the second inlet position; a liquid level sensor connected with the controller is arranged in the first water storage tank;
the rope pressing mechanism comprises a rope pressing bracket, a first rope pressing block, a spring, a hose connector, a first connecting rod, a rope pressing steering engine, a second connecting rod, a rope pressing limiting block and a second rope pressing block; the drip irrigation pipe is fixed on the rope pressing bracket; the rope pressing steering engine is fixed on the rope pressing bracket, an output shaft of the rope pressing steering engine is fixed with one end of the first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the rope pressing limiting block; the rope pressing limiting block and the rope pressing bracket form a sliding pair; the first rope pressing block and the second rope pressing block form sliding pairs with the rope pressing support, are connected with the rope pressing limiting block through springs, and are lower than the second rope pressing block; three groups of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes are arranged in the water storage drip irrigation mechanism, three inlets of hose joints are respectively connected with the other ends of the three cotton rope hoses, and outlets of the hose joints are connected with drip irrigation rope pipes; the first rope pressing block and the second rope pressing block are respectively positioned above one cotton rope hose.
2. An air water collection and drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper water pipe connecting block is fixed on the upper water collecting tank, and the lower water pipe connecting block is fixed on the lower water collecting tank; the top end of the first water pipe passes through the upper water pipe connecting block and is communicated with the upper water collecting tank; the top end of the second water pipe passes through the lower water pipe connecting block and is communicated with the lower water collecting tank.
3. An air water collection and drip irrigation device according to claim 1, wherein: the solar device comprises a solar panel, a wind direction sensor and a sensor connecting block; the solar panel is fixed on the upright post and provides electric energy for the controller, the rotating mechanism, the front shutter driving mechanism, the rear shutter driving mechanism and the rope pressing mechanism; the wind direction sensor is fixed at the top end of the upright post through a sensor connecting block, and the signal output end of the wind direction sensor is connected with the controller; the photosensitive sensor is fixed on the upright post, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor is connected with the controller.
4. A method of collecting and drip irrigation in an air collection and drip irrigation device according to claim 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
the water collecting process is as follows:
when the wind direction sensor detects the wind direction, signals are fed back to the controller, and the controller controls the rotating mechanism to adjust the direction of the air water collecting mechanism, so that the top end of the dew collecting plate, the top end of the glass plate and the front louver always face the wind;
when the photosensitive sensor detects that the window is at night, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutter to open, and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutter to open; the water vapor in the wind entering the front louver and passing through the adsorbent bed is absorbed by the adsorbent material in the adsorbent bed; when wind passes through the glass plate and the dew collecting plate, dew water accumulated on the glass plate flows into the lower water collecting tank, and dew water accumulated on the dew collecting plate flows into the upper water collecting tank;
when the photosensitive sensor detects the daytime, the controller controls the front shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the front shutter to be closed, and controls the rear shutter driving mechanism to drive the blades of the rear shutter to be closed; gradually evaporating water in the adsorbent material in the adsorbent bed to form water vapor along with the gradual rise of the temperature in the daytime; when the throttling air inlet is arranged, due to the throttling expansion principle of the throttling air inlet, the air pressure entering the throttling air inlet is reduced, the speed is increased, the temperature is reduced, the temperature of the glass plate is lower than that of the water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surface of the glass plate and flows into a lower water collecting tank; if the refrigerating sheet is arranged, the glass plate is cooled, and water vapor is condensed into water drops on the bottom surface of the glass plate and flows into the water collecting tank on the lower layer;
the drip irrigation process comprises the following steps:
the water in the lower water collecting tank and the upper water collecting tank flows into the second water storage tank for storage; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank is lower than a set water level point state, the controller controls the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to keep a closed state, the second electromagnetic valve is opened, and water flows from the second water storage tank into the first water storage tank; if an external water source exists, and the water level of the second water storage tank is insufficient to enable the first water storage tank to be higher than the set water level point, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, so that the first water storage tank is full; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level of the first water storage tank is higher than the set water level point, the second electromagnetic valve is closed after being continuously opened for a set time; then the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are opened, water in the first water storage tank flows into the drip irrigation pipe from the sixth water pipe until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe, the first water storage tank achieves a completely closed state, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is not changed any more; when the plant roots lack water, the drip irrigation rope pipe is used for realizing drip irrigation on the plant roots, and water in the drip irrigation rope pipe is sucked from the drip irrigation pipe by cotton ropes and is transmitted through a cotton hose and a hose joint; when the water level in the drip irrigation pipe falls below the outlet of the seventh water pipe due to the drip irrigation plants, the sixth water pipe supplies the water of the first water storage tank into the drip irrigation pipe again until the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is higher than the outlet of the seventh water pipe, and the water level in the drip irrigation pipe is in a stable state again and is not changed any more.
5. The method for collecting and drip irrigation with an air water collection and drip irrigation device according to claim 4, wherein: in the drip irrigation process, the quantity of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes for supplying water is regulated according to different plant water requirements, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the water demand of the plants is large, three groups of cotton thread hoses and cotton ropes supply water simultaneously; when the water demand of plants is medium, the rope pressing steering engine drives the rope pressing limiting block to move downwards by a set distance through the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, so that the first rope pressing block presses the lower cotton rope, but the first rope pressing block does not completely press the lower cotton rope due to the existence of the spring; the second rope pressing block is higher than the first rope pressing block and does not press the cotton rope below the second rope pressing block; when the plant water demand is less, press rope steering wheel to continue to drive and press rope stopper downwardly moving, make first rope pressing piece compress tightly the cotton rope of below completely, and the second rope pressing piece also presses on the cotton rope of below.
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