CN114980990A - 使用负载的膜溶剂萃取分离稀土元素 - Google Patents
使用负载的膜溶剂萃取分离稀土元素 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114980990A CN114980990A CN202080093891.3A CN202080093891A CN114980990A CN 114980990 A CN114980990 A CN 114980990A CN 202080093891 A CN202080093891 A CN 202080093891A CN 114980990 A CN114980990 A CN 114980990A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rare earth
- earth element
- feed solution
- hollow fibers
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 rare earth metal ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VRZYWIAVUGQHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dioctylamino)-2-oxoethoxy]-n,n-dioctylacetamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)C(=O)COCC(=O)N(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC VRZYWIAVUGQHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZJOLSKRAHJDLNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(9-carbamoylheptadecan-9-yloxy)-2-octyldecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCC)(C(N)=O)OC(CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)C(N)=O ZJOLSKRAHJDLNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDSMWGHQSXYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-2-phenoxynonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)C(C(O)=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 MMDSMWGHQSXYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUXFOKCUIZCKGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CP(O)(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C QUXFOKCUIZCKGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0415—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid in combination with membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0488—Flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
- B01D61/246—Membrane extraction
- B01D61/2461—Membrane extraction comprising multiple membrane extraction steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/38—Liquid-membrane separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/032—More than two tube sheets for one bundle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
- B01D69/141—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
- B01D69/142—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes with "carriers"
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/32—Carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3842—Phosphinic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3844—Phosphonic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/40—Mixtures
- C22B3/408—Mixtures using a mixture of phosphorus-based acid derivatives of different types
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2020/014363 WO2021150208A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Separation of rare earth elements using supported membrane solvent extraction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114980990A true CN114980990A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
Family
ID=69593800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202080093891.3A Pending CN114980990A (zh) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | 使用负载的膜溶剂萃取分离稀土元素 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4093527A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7462054B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20220124264A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN114980990A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2020424027B2 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY197844A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2021150208A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140076805A1 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Chemtor, Lp | Use of a Fiber Conduit Contactor for Metal and/or Metalloid Extraction |
| US20160346736A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-01 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Membrane assisted solvent extraction for rare earth element recovery |
| CN108728656A (zh) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-02 | 王增永 | 一种含稀土废料的分离回收方法 |
| CN110331285A (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-15 | 包头稀土研究院 | 由碱法制备的稀土氯化物溶液萃取分离轻稀土氯化物溶液的方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3026099B1 (fr) | 2014-09-24 | 2017-06-02 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procedes de recuperation selective de terres rares presentes dans des phases aqueuses acides issues du traitement d'aimants permanents usages ou rebutes |
-
2020
- 2020-01-21 MY MYPI2022003709A patent/MY197844A/en unknown
- 2020-01-21 EP EP20705861.1A patent/EP4093527A1/en active Pending
- 2020-01-21 WO PCT/US2020/014363 patent/WO2021150208A1/en unknown
- 2020-01-21 JP JP2022543735A patent/JP7462054B2/ja active Active
- 2020-01-21 KR KR1020227028341A patent/KR20220124264A/ko unknown
- 2020-01-21 AU AU2020424027A patent/AU2020424027B2/en active Active
- 2020-01-21 CN CN202080093891.3A patent/CN114980990A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140076805A1 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Chemtor, Lp | Use of a Fiber Conduit Contactor for Metal and/or Metalloid Extraction |
| US20160346736A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-01 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Membrane assisted solvent extraction for rare earth element recovery |
| CN107851471A (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2018-03-27 | Ut - 巴特勒有限公司 | 用于稀土元素回收的膜辅助溶剂萃取 |
| CN108728656A (zh) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-02 | 王增永 | 一种含稀土废料的分离回收方法 |
| CN110331285A (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-10-15 | 包头稀土研究院 | 由碱法制备的稀土氯化物溶液萃取分离轻稀土氯化物溶液的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021150208A1 (en) | 2021-07-29 |
| AU2020424027B2 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
| KR20220124264A (ko) | 2022-09-13 |
| JP7462054B2 (ja) | 2024-04-04 |
| EP4093527A1 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
| JP2023512494A (ja) | 2023-03-27 |
| AU2020424027A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
| MY197844A (en) | 2023-07-20 |
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