CN114974865A - Rubber magnetic material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rubber magnetic material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114974865A CN114974865A CN202210492858.9A CN202210492858A CN114974865A CN 114974865 A CN114974865 A CN 114974865A CN 202210492858 A CN202210492858 A CN 202210492858A CN 114974865 A CN114974865 A CN 114974865A
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- -1 magnesium oxide) Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC(C)(C)NC2=C1 ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=C1 JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
- H01F1/113—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles in a bonding agent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnets, in particular to a rubber magnetic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the rubber magnetic material comprises the following steps: carrying out primary mixing on the magnetic powder and the composite binder to obtain a primary mixed material; the composite binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75-90% of nitrile rubber and 10-25% of acrylate rubber; mixing the primary mixed material with a coupling agent, and then carrying out secondary mixing to obtain a secondary mixed material; rolling and molding the secondary mixed material; laminating the formed product, wherein the temperature of the laminating process is gradually increased from 30 ℃ to 110 ℃; and vulcanizing the laminated product to obtain the rubber magnetic material. The tensile strength and the temperature resistance of the rubber magnetic material are obviously superior to those of the traditional rubber permanent magnet material, the flexibility is good, the rubber magnetic material can not crack under long-time high-temperature and high-speed rotation, and the requirement of a high-rotating-speed motor can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnets, in particular to a rubber magnetic material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The high-rotation-speed micro motor generally refers to a motor with a motor rotor speed higher than 10000r/min, and is widely applied to products such as household air conditioners, refrigerators, communication base stations, automobiles and ships, and small electronic products such as electric toothbrushes, facial cleaning instruments, beauty instruments, electric toys, massage instruments and the like also use the high-rotation-speed micro motor.
A circular ring type rotor capable of being magnetized is arranged in a shell of the high-rotation-speed micro motor, and a magnetic strip is arranged on the circular ring type rotor. The magnetic stripe is fixed inside the casing, can rotate with the motor casing high speed together after the circular telegram starts. Under high-speed rotation, the ordinary unvulcanized rubber magnetic strip cannot bear the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the motor, and the conditions of breakage, fracture and the like can occur. The tensile strength of the physical property of the rubber magnetic strip vulcanized by adopting the vulcanization process can be obviously improved, but because the rubber magnetic strip used by the motor needs to be bent into a ring for use, the proper flexibility (representing the degree of bending into the ring with the minimum diameter on the premise of no crack of the rubber magnetic strip) must be ensured, and the improvement of the vulcanization crosslinking degree can lead the rubber magnetic strip to have stronger tensile strength, but the rubber magnetic strip is easy to crack during bending, and the tensile strength and the deformation resistance of the rubber magnetic strip which are improved by adopting the vulcanization crosslinking process alone cannot be suitable for the motor for use. The ordinary unvulcanized rubber magnetic strip has good flexibility and can be used in a motor, but the permanent magnet motor is restricted by low tensile strength, large size change and poor temperature resistance capability to develop towards high speed and high power. The rubber magnetic stripe which is suitable for the micro motor, has higher tensile strength, smaller high-temperature deformation and good flexibility is researched and developed, and has important significance for the development of the high-speed motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the tensile strength and the temperature resistance of the obtained rubber magnetic material are obviously superior to those of the traditional rubber permanent magnet material, the flexibility is good, the rubber magnetic material can not crack under long-time high-temperature and high-speed rotation, and the requirement of a high-rotating-speed motor can be met.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides the rubber magnetic material prepared by the preparation method and application thereof.
Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a rubber magnetic material, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary mixing on the magnetic powder and the composite binder to obtain a primary mixed material; the composite binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75-90% of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) and 10-25% of acrylate rubber (ACM);
mixing the primary mixed material with a coupling agent, and then carrying out secondary mixing to obtain a secondary mixed material;
rolling and molding the secondary mixed material;
laminating the molded product, wherein the temperature in the laminating process is increased from 50-60 ℃ to 100-110 ℃;
and vulcanizing the laminated product to obtain the rubber magnetic material.
The preparation method according to the first aspect of the present invention has at least the following advantageous effects:
the invention utilizes the characteristics of similar solubility parameters of ACM and NBR and good thermodynamic compatibility to combine NBR with a small amount of ACM to prepare the composite binder, thereby ensuring that magnetic powder can be uniformly distributed in the composite binder during mixing, and also avoiding the problems that the distribution of a vulcanizing agent and an accelerant in two phases during subsequent vulcanization and the difference of the vulcanizing speeds in the two phases cause asynchronous vulcanizing speeds of the two phases, the difference of the vulcanizing degrees of the two phases is larger, and the mechanical property of a product is low.
The coupling agent is added after mixing, so that the problems of nonuniform dispersion and agglomeration of magnetic powder and the binder during single mixing can be solved, and surface expansion bubbles and machine cracks caused by winding degradation during vulcanization treatment after subsequent molding can be prevented.
The lamination is carried out at a continuous high temperature, the viscosity of the composite binder is reduced, and the composite binder is changed into a flowing state. At the moment, the composite binder spreads and flows in the magnetic powder, the internal friction force of the composite binder during flowing is smaller, the friction force between magnetic powder particles and between the magnetic powder particles and the binder is not very large, and meanwhile, under the mechanical orientation stress of multiple double rollers, the magnetic powder particles easily rotate and slide, are easily oriented and arranged along the calendering direction, effectively reduce the porosity between the magnetic powder particles, improve the filling degree and ensure that the material has higher magnetic performance. The adhesive and the magnetic powder are combined more compactly under high temperature and high mechanical pressure, and high temperature vulcanization is carried out immediately after continuous high-roll temperature laminating, the internal and external temperatures of the magnetic film are stable and consistent, the internal and external crosslinking of the rubber magnet is uniform during vulcanization, and the rubber magnet material for the high-speed motor with comprehensively compatible tensile strength and flexibility can be prepared.
In some examples of the invention, the composite binder comprises, in mass percent: 80-90% of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) and 10-20% of acrylate rubber (ACM); preferably 82 to 88 percent of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) and 12 to 18 percent of acrylate rubber (ACM); more preferably, the Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) is about 85%. Acrylate rubber (ACM) about 15%. As used herein, "about" means that there can be some tolerance, which is acceptable within. + -. 0.5%. For example, "about 85%" refers to a numerical value of (85 ± 0.5)%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber has an acrylonitrile content of 30% to 40%, for example, NBR3606 having an acrylonitrile content of 36%; the acrylate rubber includes epoxy type acrylate rubber, and for example, ACM-62 can be used.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation of the composite binder comprises the steps of: and (3) mixing the nitrile rubber and the acrylate rubber to obtain the composite binder. The mixing temperature of the nitrile rubber and the acrylate rubber is 110-140 ℃, and preferably 120-130 ℃; the time is 18-20 min.
In some examples of the invention, the primary mixed material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80 to 95 percent of magnetic powder
4 to 20 percent of composite binder
0.5 to 3 percent of auxiliary agent.
In some examples of the invention, the primary mixed material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80 to 90 percent of magnetic powder
9 to 17 percent of composite binder
1 to 3 percent of auxiliary agent.
In some examples of the invention, the magnetic powder comprises at least one of an anisotropic strontium ferrite magnetic powder, an isotropic strontium ferrite magnetic powder, an anisotropic barium ferrite magnetic powder, and an isotropic barium ferrite magnetic powder.
In some examples of the invention, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of a lubricant, an anti-aging agent, a plasticizer, a vulcanizing agent, and an accelerator. Wherein the lubricant comprises stearic acid, paraffin, zinc stearate, vegetable oil, etc. The antioxidant comprises antioxidant RD (2,2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline polymer), antioxidant D (N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine), antioxidant MB (2-mercaptobenzimidazole), microcrystalline wax, etc. Plasticizers include trioctyl trimellitate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and the like. Vulcanizing agents include sulfur, metal oxides (e.g., magnesium oxide), peroxides (e.g., dicumyl peroxide, i.e., vulcanizing agent DCP), and the like. Accelerators include tetramethylthiuram disulfide, TMTD, and the like.
In some examples of the invention, the primary mixed material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80 to 95 percent of magnetic powder
4 to 20 percent of composite binder
0.05 to 0.5 percent of lubricant
0.05 to 0.1 percent of age inhibitor
0.05 to 0.5 percent of vulcanizing agent
0.05 to 0.1 percent of accelerant.
In some examples of the invention, the mass of the coupling agent is 0.5% to 1% of the mass of the primary mix.
In some examples of the invention, the coupling agent is a non-silane coupling agent, including one of the knowledge of titanate coupling agents, aluminate compounds, in view of the management of the silicon element in the electrical machine.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the rubber-magnetic material specifically comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary mixing on the magnetic powder, the composite binder and the auxiliary agent to obtain a primary mixed material;
crushing the primary mixed material into primary mixed granules, spraying a coupling agent into the primary mixed granules, and then carrying out secondary mixing to obtain a secondary mixed material;
crushing the secondary mixed material and then rolling into sheets;
laminating a plurality of said sheets;
and vulcanizing the laminated product to obtain the rubber magnetic material.
In some examples of the invention, the temperature of the primary mixing is 120-150 ℃, preferably 120-140 ℃; the time is 10-20 min, preferably 15-18 min.
In some examples of the invention, the primary mixed material is crushed after being cooled to 100-110 ℃. The granules obtained by crushing the primary kneaded material have a particle size of 0.3 to 2mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
In some examples of the invention, the coupling agent is added to the primary mixing granules by a spraying method, stirring is carried out during the spraying process, and the stirring time is 10-30 min.
In some examples of the invention, the temperature of the secondary mixing is 100-120 ℃, and the time is 10-20 min, preferably 10-12 min.
In some embodiments of the invention, the secondary mix after crushing has a particle size of 1 to 5mm, preferably 2 to 4 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the calendering process is carried out at a temperature of from 60 to 80 deg.C, preferably from 65 to 75 deg.C. This step is carried out using a twin roll calender. The magnetic properties are improved by mechanical stress orientation by calendering.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sheet has a thickness of 0.5 to 2mm, preferably 1.0 to 1.4 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the lamination process is specifically: and (3) laminating the formed product (a plurality of sheets) by at least five double-roller calenders in sequence, wherein the roller temperature of the first calender is gradually increased to the roller temperature of the last calender, the roller temperature of the first calender is 50-60 ℃, and the roller temperature of the last calender is 100-105 ℃. Preferably, the formed product (a plurality of sheets) is laminated by sequentially passing through five double-roller calenders, wherein the roller temperature of the first calender is 50-60 ℃, the roller temperature of the second calender is 70-80 ℃, the roller temperature of the third calender is 80-90 ℃, the roller temperature of the fourth calender is 100-105 ℃, and the roller temperature of the fifth calender is 100-105 ℃.
In some examples of the invention, in the laminating process, the thickness reduction of the laminating process is 1.5-2 times of the thickness reduction of the laminating process. Namely, the thickness reduction is 1.5 to 2 times the thickness after lamination. For example, a sheet having a thickness of 6.0mm is rolled by 5 calenders to a final thickness of 2.0mm (the thickness reduction in this process is 4mm, which is 2 times the final thickness of 2 mm).
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of sheets used for lamination is 3 to 10, preferably 5 to 9, and more preferably 6 to 8.
In some examples of the invention, the temperature of the vulcanization is 150-180 ℃, preferably 155-170 ℃; the vulcanizing time is 10-30 min, preferably 10-20 min. The vulcanization method can adopt a hot air continuous vulcanization method.
The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a rubber-magnetic material obtained by the above-mentioned production method.
A third aspect of the invention provides the use of said rubber magnetic material in the manufacture of an electrical machine.
In some examples of the invention, the motor is a high speed micro motor with a rotor speed above 10000 r/min.
More specifically, the rubber-magnetic material is applied to the manufacture of magnetic strips on rotors in electric machines. The magnetic strip made of the rubber magnetic material rotates at a high speed along with the rotor, does not crack under the high-speed rotation, and can meet the requirement of a high-speed motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the characteristics of similar solubility parameters of ACM and NBR and good thermodynamic compatibility, and NBR is used together with a small amount of ACM. The ACM and the NBR are blended into a polymer blend at high temperature, so that the two phases are fully diffused and blended into a composite binder, and the magnetic powder and the auxiliary agent added during mixing can be uniformly distributed in the composite binder. And the distribution of the vulcanizing agent and the accelerator in two phases and the difference of the vulcanizing speeds in the two phases during subsequent vulcanization can be avoided, so that the two phases are asynchronous in vulcanizing speed, the difference of the vulcanizing degrees of the two phases is large, and the mechanical property of the product is low.
The magnetic powder and the binding agent are uniformly dispersed and agglomerated after being mixed for one time. Prevent the occurrence of surface expansion bubbles and the installation cracks caused by the deterioration of winding after the subsequent molding and the crosslinking treatment.
The composite adhesive is prepared by combining ACM with good high-temperature resistance and NBR rubber with good processing performance. Mixing with magnetic powder and assistant, and rolling to obtain sheet. The magnetic film adhesive is reduced in viscosity and changed into a flowing state under the heat conduction of the two rollers with high roller temperature during the lamination of the plurality of magnetic film sheets. At the moment, the binder spreads and flows in the magnetic powder, the internal friction force of the binder during flowing is smaller, the friction force between magnetic powder particles and between the magnetic powder particles and the binder is not very large, and meanwhile, under the mechanical orientation stress of a plurality of double rollers, the magnetic powder particles easily rotate and slide, are easily oriented and arranged along the calendering direction, effectively reduce the porosity between the magnetic powder particles, improve the filling degree and ensure that the magnetic strip has higher magnetic performance. The adhesive and the magnetic powder are combined more compactly under high temperature and high mechanical pressure, and high temperature vulcanization is carried out immediately after continuous high-roller temperature laminating, the internal and external temperatures of the magnetic film are stable and consistent, the internal and external crosslinking of the rubber magnet is uniform during vulcanization, and the rubber magnetic strip for the high-speed motor with comprehensively compatible tensile strength and flexibility can be manufactured.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples. The starting materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are available from conventional commercial sources; the processes used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art.
Example one
A magnetic stripe for a high-speed micro motor comprises the following raw materials:
NBR3606：850g；
ACM-62：150g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate (coupling agent): 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate (adjuvant): 10g of a mixture;
antioxidant MB (aid): 10g of a mixture;
magnesium oxide (auxiliary): 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP (adjuvant): 10g of a mixture;
TMTD (adjuvant): 10 g.
After the weight of each substance is weighed according to the formula, the ACM and the NBR are put into an open mill to be mixed uniformly to 120 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled to prepare the composite binder. Adding the magnetic powder, the auxiliary agent and the composite binder into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling to 110 ℃, then pouring the mixture into a crusher to be crushed into granules, adding 0.5 mass percent of coupling agent into the granules in a stirring tank by a spraying method, pouring the mixture into the internal mixer again to 110 ℃, pouring the mixture into the crusher to be crushed into granules, discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, and keeping the roll temperature of the calender at 70 ℃. Continuously laminating 7 sheets by 5 calenders, wherein the roll temperatures of the 5 calenders are as follows: 50 deg.C, 70 deg.C, 80 deg.C, 100 deg.C, and 105 deg.C. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. Then immediately placing the mixture into a 160 ℃ vulcanizing furnace for vulcanizing for 15 minutes, taking out the mixture, and cooling the mixture. Cutting into proper size for testing magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and high-speed loading machine.
Comparative example 1
The magnetic strip for the high-speed micromotor has the same raw material formula as that of the first embodiment, and the preparation method of the magnetic strip is different from that of the first embodiment in that: in the calendering step, the roll temperatures of 5 calenders are as follows in sequence: 30 ℃, 30 ℃ and 30 ℃.
The raw material formula is as follows:
NBR3606：850g；
ACM-62：150g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate ester: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate: 10g of a mixture;
anti-aging agent MB: 10g of a mixture;
magnesium oxide: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP：10g；
TMTD：10g。
after the weight of each substance is weighed according to the formula, the ACM and the NBR are put into an open mill to be mixed uniformly to 120 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled to prepare the composite binder. Adding the magnetic powder, the auxiliary agent and the composite binder into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling to 110 ℃, then pouring the mixture into a crusher to be crushed into granules, adding 0.5 mass percent of coupling agent into the granules in a stirring tank by a spraying method, pouring the mixture into the internal mixer again to 110 ℃, pouring the mixture into the crusher to be crushed into granules, discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, and keeping the roll temperature of the calender at 70 ℃. Continuously laminating 7 sheets by 5 calenders, wherein the roll temperatures of the 5 calenders are as follows: 30 ℃, 30 ℃ and 30 ℃. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. Then immediately placing the mixture into a 160 ℃ vulcanizing furnace for vulcanizing for 15 minutes, taking out the mixture, and cooling the mixture. Cutting into proper size for testing magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and high-speed loading machine.
Comparative example No. two
The magnetic strip for the high-speed micromotor has the same raw material formula as that of the first embodiment, and the preparation method of the magnetic strip is different from that of the first embodiment in that: no vulcanization step was performed after calendering.
The raw material formula is as follows:
NBR3606：850g；
ACM-62：150g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate ester: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate: 10g of a mixture;
anti-aging agent MB: 10g of a mixture;
magnesium oxide: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP：10g；
TMTD：10g。
after the weight of each substance is weighed according to the formula, the ACM and the NBR are put into an open mill to be mixed uniformly to 120 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled to prepare the composite binder. Adding the magnetic powder, the auxiliary agent and the composite binder into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling to 110 ℃, then pouring the mixture into a crusher to be crushed into granules, adding 0.5 mass percent of coupling agent into the granules in a stirring tank by a spraying method, pouring the mixture into the internal mixer again to 110 ℃, pouring the mixture into the crusher to be crushed into granules, discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, and keeping the roll temperature of the calender at 70 ℃. Continuously laminating 7 sheets by 5 calenders, wherein the roll temperatures of the 5 calenders are as follows: 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ and 105 ℃. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. After cooling, the materials are cut into proper sizes to be tested by a high-speed loading machine with magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and flexibility.
Comparative example No. three
The preparation method of the magnetic strip for the high-speed micromotor is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the raw material formula of the magnetic strip is different from that of the first embodiment in that: the NBR dosage is reduced, and the ACM dosage is increased.
The raw material formula is as follows:
NBR3606：700g；
ACM-62：300g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate ester: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate: 10g of the total weight of the mixture;
anti-aging agent MB: 10g of the total weight of the mixture;
magnesium oxide: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP：10g；
TMTD：10g。
after the weight of each substance is weighed according to the formula, the ACM and the NBR are put into an open mill to be mixed uniformly to 120 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled to prepare the composite binder. Adding the magnetic powder, the auxiliary agent and the composite binder into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling to 110 ℃, then pouring the mixture into a crusher to be crushed into granules, adding 0.5 mass percent of coupling agent into the granules in a stirring tank by a spraying method, pouring the mixture into the internal mixer again to 110 ℃, pouring the mixture into the crusher to be crushed into granules, discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, and keeping the roll temperature of the calender at 70 ℃. Continuously laminating 7 sheets by 5 calenders, wherein the roll temperatures of the 5 calenders are as follows: 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ and 105 ℃. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. Then immediately placing the mixture into a vulcanizing furnace at 160 ℃ for vulcanizing for 15 minutes, taking out the mixture and cooling the mixture. Cutting into proper size for testing magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and high-speed loading machine.
Comparative example No. four
The preparation method of the magnetic strip for the high-speed micromotor is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the raw material formula of the magnetic strip is different from that of the first embodiment in that: no ACM is contained.
The raw material formula is as follows:
NBR3606：1000g；
ACM-62：0g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate ester: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate: 10g of the total weight of the mixture;
anti-aging agent MB: 10g of a mixture;
magnesium oxide: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP：10g；
TMTD：10g。
weighing the materials according to the formula, adding the materials into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing the materials to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling the materials to 110 ℃, then pouring the materials into a crusher to crush the materials into granules, adding 0.5 mass percent of coupling agent to the granules in a stirring tank by a spraying method, pouring the materials into the internal mixer again to mix the materials to 110 ℃, pouring the materials into the crusher to crush the materials into granules, discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, and keeping the roll temperature of the calender at 70 ℃. Continuously laminating 7 sheets by 5 calenders, wherein the roll temperatures of the 5 calenders are as follows: 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ and 105 ℃. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. Then immediately placing the mixture into a vulcanizing furnace at 160 ℃ for vulcanizing for 15 minutes, taking out the mixture and cooling the mixture. Cutting into proper size for testing magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and high-speed loading.
Comparative example five
The magnetic strip for the high-speed micromotor has the same raw material formula as that of the first embodiment, and the preparation method of the magnetic strip is different from that of the first embodiment in that: no coupling agent was added prior to calendering.
The raw material formula is as follows:
NBR3606：850g；
ACM-62：150g；
strontium ferrite magnetic powder: 10 kg;
titanate ester: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
zinc stearate: 10g of a mixture;
anti-aging agent MB: 10g of a mixture;
magnesium oxide: 20g of the total weight of the mixture;
DCP：10g；
TMTD：10g。
after the weight of each substance is weighed according to the formula, the ACM and the NBR are put into an open mill to be mixed uniformly to 120 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled to prepare the composite binder. Adding the magnetic powder, the auxiliary agent and the composite binder into an internal mixer, uniformly mixing to 135 ℃, then stirring and cooling to 110 ℃, then pouring the mixture into a crusher to crush the mixture into granules, and discharging the granules into 1.2mm sheets on a double-roll calender, wherein the roll temperature of the calender is 70 ℃. 7 sheets of thin sheets are continuously laminated through 5 calenders, and the roller temperature of the 5 calenders is as follows in sequence: 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃ and 105 ℃. Finally pressed to a thickness of 2.0 mm. Then immediately placing the mixture into a 160 ℃ vulcanizing furnace for vulcanizing for 15 minutes, taking out the mixture, and cooling the mixture. Cutting into proper size for testing magnetic property, physical property, flexibility and high-speed loading machine.
Comparative example six
Taking the conventional vulcanized motor rubber magnetic strip in the market.
The magnetic strips in the examples were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in tables one to three below.
Table one: magnetic performance of magnetic stripe and winding test result
The flexibility test method comprises the following steps: bending the magnetic strips on different specification shafts with diameters of 2mm at intervals, bending the magnetic strips into a circle to observe the surface condition of the magnetic strips, and recording the maximum diameter of the magnetic strips without cracks. For example, a wrap Φ 14 indicates that the bead bends with no cracks on the surface on the axis of diameter Φ 14, but cracks on the axis of diameter Φ 12. Because the magnetic rubber strip in the micro motor needs to be bent into a circular ring when in use, the magnetic strip has certain flexibility.
Table two: physical property and density test results of magnetic stripe
Table three: high rotation speed test result of magnetic stripe
The miniature finished motor has the advantages that all parts are assembled compactly, the motor is guaranteed to have no fault after continuous long-time high-rotation-speed operation, and the magnetic stripe used by the actual high-rotation-speed motor needs to meet the requirement that the magnetic stripe is not more than 0.120mm after being arranged in the shell and continuously operated for a long time, so that the magnetic stripe can not touch other motor parts to cause the faults of part damage, cracking, blocking and the like. When the height change of the magnetic strip is more than 0.120mm and less than delta h and less than or equal to 0.200mm after the magnetic strip is arranged in the shell, the phenomenon that the magnetic strip is higher than the shell and touches the circuit board after a small part of motors run for a long time occurs. When the height change delta h of the magnetic strip is more than 0.200mm after the magnetic strip is arranged in the shell, the faults of magnetic strip damage, card jamming and the like exist after part of motors run for a long time.
The test method comprises the following steps: after the magnetic stripe packed into micro motor's casing, under the high rotational speed centrifugal force effect after starting micro motor, if the tensile strength and the temperature toleration of magnetic stripe are poor, then the magnetic stripe can appear warping or the condition of breaking, through the deformation condition or the condition of having or not breaking under the long-time high temperature high rotational speed after the test magnetic stripe packs into the casing, can contrast the reliability difference of different magnetic stripes. After the continuous test at 70 ℃ for 25000rpm for 100 hours, the height change of the installed magnetic strip is less than 0.120mm and the magnetic strip is not cracked, the requirement of the high-speed motor can be met.
From the above table, it can be seen that the magnetic properties of the magnetic strip prepared in example one are the same as those of the magnetic strip for the conventional motor, and the flexibility of the magnetic strip is better than that of the magnetic strip for the conventional motor. As seen from comparative example III, increasing the ACM content resulted in poor processability and failed winding.
From the test results in table two, it can be seen that the physical properties of the rubber magnetic strip are significantly better than those of the unvulcanized (comparative example two) or room temperature lamination (comparative example one) by adding the high temperature lamination and vulcanization process (example one).
From the high rotation speed test results in table three, the magnetic stripe prepared in the first example has the minimum deformation under the high temperature, high rotation speed and long-time operation, and the Δ h is only 0.083mm and is less than 0.120mm, so that the magnetic stripe has no cracking or damage. In the first comparative example, normal-temperature lamination high-temperature vulcanization is adopted, the inside and the outside of vulcanization are uneven, the deformation of a magnetic strip is large at high temperature and high rotating speed, and the delta h is larger than 0.120 mm. Comparative example No vulcanization was carried out, the amount of deformation was large, and cracking occurred. And in the third comparative example, high-temperature lamination and post-vulcanization are adopted, although the deformation of the magnetic strip is small under the high-rotating-speed test of an assembling machine, the magnetic strip prepared in the third comparative example is bent into a circle and cracks appear when the magnetic strip is assembled into a shell, and the third comparative example cannot be practically adapted to a motor. Comparative example four using NBR alone as the binder, the deformation was large and cracking occurred. And in the fifth comparative example, the magnetic stripe is subjected to secondary mixing after being not treated by a crushing coupling agent, expansion bubbles appear on the surface part of the crosslinked magnetic stripe, and cracks appear after the magnetic stripe is filled into a shell, so that the magnetic stripe cannot be practically used for a motor. It can be known from the synthesis that the magnetic strip prepared in the first embodiment can meet the use requirements of the magnetic strip of the high-rotating-speed motor in all aspects.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a rubber magnetic material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out primary mixing on the magnetic powder and the composite binder to obtain a primary mixed material; the composite binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75-90% of nitrile rubber and 10-25% of acrylate rubber;
mixing the primary mixed material with a coupling agent, and then carrying out secondary mixing to obtain a secondary mixed material;
rolling and molding the secondary mixed material;
laminating the molded product, wherein the temperature in the laminating process is increased from 50-60 ℃ to 100-110 ℃;
and vulcanizing the laminated product to obtain the rubber magnetic material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the composite binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 80-90% of nitrile rubber and 10-20% of acrylate rubber.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the composite binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 82-88% of nitrile rubber and 12-18% of acrylate rubber.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the primary mixing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
80 to 95 percent of magnetic powder
4 to 20 percent of composite binder
0.5 to 3 percent of auxiliary agent.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the mass of the coupling agent is 0.5-1% of that of the primary mixed material.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the lamination process specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) laminating the formed product by at least five double-roller calenders in sequence, wherein the roller temperature of the first calender is gradually increased to the roller temperature of the last calender, the roller temperature of the first calender is 50-60 ℃, and the roller temperature of the last calender is 100-105 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the lamination process specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) laminating the formed product by five double-roller calenders in sequence, wherein the roller temperature of the first calender is 50-60 ℃, the roller temperature of the second calender is 70-80 ℃, the roller temperature of the third calender is 80-90 ℃, the roller temperature of the fourth calender is 100-105 ℃, and the roller temperature of the fifth calender is 100-105 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the vulcanization temperature is 150-180 ℃.
9. A rubber magnetic material obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the rubber magnetic material according to claim 9 for the manufacture of an electrical machine.
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