CN114965265A - 一种晚熟柑橘新鲜度指示卡片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水果新鲜度指示卡片,其组分包括天然pH指示剂、微胶囊壁材、赖氨酸、增塑剂和成膜剂。由本发明的水果新鲜度指示卡片可以检测水果的新鲜程度,并通过颜色直观的表现出来,为消费者选购提供便利,且本发明的水果新鲜度指示卡片制备成本低廉、绿色无毒、准确灵敏。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品保鲜领域,具体是一种水果新鲜度指示卡片及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的日益提高,消费者对食品的质量安全和营养健康提出了越来越高的要求。食品安全已经是当今社会一个不可忽视的重要课题,对于有新鲜程度有要求的食品,为保证人们能够放心食用,一些商家会在该类食品的包装上表贴新鲜度指示标签,以用于提醒人们该类食品当前的新鲜度。
现有的新鲜度指示标签,通常会设置一个变色区和若干参考区。其中,每个参考区均对应一种新鲜度状态指示,变色区中的颜色能够随着时间的推移而发生变化,只要将变色区的颜色与参考区的颜色进行比较,便能获知食品当前的新鲜度状态。这种新鲜度指示标签主要是对食品储藏过程中产生的微生物代谢产物或挥发性气体进行检测,进而判断出食品新鲜程度。如专利一种微生物型时间-温度指示卡的制作方法(CN201010198562.3),就是将大肠杆菌、培养液和染色液混合包装,利用大肠杆菌在生长过程中代谢产生还原物质,还原物质可以使氧化型指示卡褪色来指示食品新鲜度的变化。此外,Loughran和Diamond设计出一种简单的对挥发性含氮化合物敏感的测定方法(MLoughran,D Diamond.Monitoringof volatile bases in fish sample headspace using an acidochromic dye[J].FoodChemistry,2000,69:97-103.),将染色液滴于圆纸片上,鳕鱼在储藏过程中,释放出的挥发性化合物与圆纸片接触后,其反射光谱发生变化,导致颜色变化,可以反应鳕鱼的新鲜程度。
虽然现有的新鲜度指示标签多种多样,但是现有的新鲜度指示标签都是检测肉类食品的新鲜程度,而鲜有用于检测水果新鲜程度的标签,且由于水果的价格远低于肉类食品,所以一种目前亟需一种制备成本低廉的、绿色无毒的、用于检测水果新鲜的指示标签。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种水果新鲜度指示卡片及其制备方法,以至少达到成本低廉、制备方法简单、绿色无毒、准确灵敏。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种水果新鲜度指示卡片,组分包括天然pH指示剂、微胶囊壁材、赖氨酸、增塑剂和成膜剂。
进一步的,按重量份计,所述组分包括天然pH指示剂0.1-1.5份、微胶囊壁材3-7份、增塑剂1-3份、赖氨酸1-2份、成膜剂3-7份。
进一步的,所述天然pH指示剂包括花青素、姜黄素、甜菜红或栀子黄。
根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述微胶囊壁材包括微胶囊壁材a和微胶囊壁材b;
所述微胶囊壁材a包括壳聚糖;
所述微胶囊壁材b包括海藻酸钠。
进一步的,所述微胶囊壁材a和微胶囊壁材b的质量比为1:4。
进一步的,所述成膜剂包括甲基纤维素、、羧甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、明胶。
进一步的,所述增塑剂包括甘油。
进一步的,所述的指示卡片的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1制备天然pH指示剂微胶囊:
将微胶囊壁材a溶于酸溶剂中,然后加入天然pH指示剂,制得溶液A;
将微胶囊壁材b溶于水,制得溶液B;
将溶液A加入溶液B中搅拌均匀,然后依次离心、过滤、冷冻干燥制得;
S2制备指示卡片:
将赖氨酸、成膜剂和增塑剂溶于水中搅拌均匀,然后加入所述天然pH指示剂微胶囊进行均质化处理,再经涂膜处理后制得。
进一步的,所述指示卡片的使用方法为:将卡片置于水果单独密闭的包装盒或包装袋中。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明的水果新鲜度指示卡片可以通过颜色直观的判断出水果的新鲜度,避免了肉眼造成的误差,且指示效果精确灵敏,为消费者提供了便利。
2、本发明的水果新鲜度指示卡片制备方法简单,制作成本低廉,且绿色无毒,可以直接食用,避免了孩童误食中毒。
3、本发明的水果新鲜度指示卡片还具有抗菌效果,可以在指示水果新鲜度的同时延长水果的货架期。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。
实施例1
制备一种晚熟柑橘新鲜度指示卡片,具体方法如下:
向100mL 1%(v/v)乙酸水溶液中加入2份壳聚糖,室温下搅拌24h。将5份花青素、姜黄素、甜菜红和栀子黄分别添加到100mL的壳聚糖溶液中以形成复合物。使用去离子水(100mL)作为溶剂制备2份的果胶水溶液,将果胶溶液添加到上述复合物溶液中,将纳米载体离心,冷冻干燥。称取2份瓜尔豆胶置于磁力搅拌器上搅拌,再将2.5份结冷胶置于蒸馏水中,放入80℃左右的水浴锅中加热搅拌,待两者充分溶解后混合定容至60m L,加入2 份甘油、1.5份胶囊和2份赖氨酸加入其中,均质5min,将柑橘涂膜处理浸泡后2min制得。称取3份1kg的新鲜度、大小、色泽几乎一致橘子,分别将不同的指示卡放在保鲜盒中,然后将制作好的指示卡片固定在保鲜盒的内部顶端,盖好保鲜盒,室温下避光存放,每隔三天观察指示卡片的颜色变化。实验结果见表1,感官评价方法为通过专业感官评价培训的10名学生组成感官评定小组,以色泽、褶皱、风味和腐烂情况为指标,对果实的品质进行评定,具体评价标准见表2。
表1
表2
分数 | 评价指标 |
4-5 | 色泽光亮,饱满无褶皱,有清香味,无腐烂 |
3-4 | 色泽光亮较为饱满路有皱缩,有清香味无腐烂 |
2-3 | 色泽较光亮,有皱缩局部出现变色暗淡或表面有局部变软,有清香味轻微腐烂 |
1-2 | 色泽暗淡皱缩严重略有异味局部出现腐烂 |
实施例2
制备三种晚熟柑橘新鲜度指示卡片,方法如实施例1,区别在于加入赖氨酸的含量分别为0.05%、0.1%、0.2%。称取3份1kg的新鲜度、大小、色泽几乎一致橘子,分别将他们放在保鲜盒中,然后将制作好的指示卡片分别固定在保鲜盒的内部顶端,盖好保鲜盒,室温下避光存放,每隔三天观察指示卡片的颜色变化。实验结果见表3,感官评价方法同实施例1:
表3
实施例3
制备4种晚熟柑橘新鲜度指示卡片,方法如实施例1,区别在于加入天然pH指示剂分别为紫薯花青素、姜黄素、甜菜红、栀子黄。称取3份1kg的新鲜度、大小、色泽几乎一致橘子,分别将他们放在保鲜盒中,然后将制作好的指示卡片分别固定在保鲜盒的内部顶端,盖好保鲜盒,室温下避光存放,每隔三天观察指示卡片的颜色变化。实验结果见表4,感官评价方法同实施例1:
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围,则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种水果新鲜度指示卡片,其特征在于:组分包括天然pH指示剂、微胶囊壁材、赖氨酸、增塑剂和成膜剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:按重量份计,所述组分包括天然pH指示剂0.1-1.5份、微胶囊壁材3-7份、增塑剂1-3份、赖氨酸1-2份、成膜剂3-7份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述天然pH指示剂包括花青素、姜黄素、甜菜红或栀子黄。
4.根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述微胶囊壁材包括微胶囊壁材a和微胶囊壁材b;
所述微胶囊壁材a包括壳聚糖;
所述微胶囊壁材b包括果胶。
5.根据权利要求4所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述微胶囊壁材a和微胶囊壁材b的质量比为1:4。
6.根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述成膜剂包括甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、明胶。
7.根据权利要求1所述的指示卡片,其特征在于:所述增塑剂包括甘油。
8.由权利要求1-7任一所述的指示卡片的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1制备天然pH指示剂微胶囊:
将微胶囊壁材a溶于酸溶剂中,然后加入天然pH指示剂,制得溶液A;
将微胶囊壁材b溶于水,制得溶液B;
将溶液A加入溶液B中搅拌均匀,然后依次离心、过滤、冷冻干燥制得;
S2制备指示卡片:
将赖氨酸、成膜剂和增塑剂溶于水中搅拌均匀,然后加入所述天然pH指示剂微胶囊进行均质化处理,再经涂膜处理后制得。
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