CN114961691B - Oil gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and method thereof - Google Patents
Oil gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961691B CN114961691B CN202210595021.7A CN202210595021A CN114961691B CN 114961691 B CN114961691 B CN 114961691B CN 202210595021 A CN202210595021 A CN 202210595021A CN 114961691 B CN114961691 B CN 114961691B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/24—Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises an oil-gas extraction separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-gas-water metering mechanism and a control mechanism; the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank, the end part of the separation tank is connected with a well group liquid inlet pipeline, the top of the separation tank is provided with an exhaust pipeline, the bottom of the separation tank is provided with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, and the separation tank and the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline are communicated through a connecting pipeline with a tee joint; the pressure boosting and metering mechanisms comprising pressure sensor, flowmeter, booster pump, etc. are set on the exhaust pipeline and the oil-water outlet pipeline separately, and the sensors and executing elements are connected to the control mechanism. The invention can not only measure and boost the oil-water and associated gas of well group, but also separate and measure crude oil of single well, thereby reducing the back pressure of wellhead, improving the output of oil well and recovering associated gas; in addition, the device adopts an integrated skid-mounted structure, is convenient to install, has multiple functions of low-temperature heating and the like, and can be suitable for various complex special environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shale oil gathering and transportation, and particularly relates to an oil gas gathering and transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and a method thereof.
Background
In the shale oil development technology process, the domestic technology still has a plurality of limitations at present, particularly for the vast majority of regional topography ravines of western oil fields, the aspect ratio of the topography ravines is Liang continuous, the ground surface height difference is large (150-550 m), and the original gas-oil ratio of the main development oil reservoir is 100m 3 At least/t, the initial gas-oil ratio is 200-500m 3 And/t, which belong to ultra-low permeability and shale oil reservoirs, are developed by adopting large-scale volumetric fracturing horizontal wells, and have the characteristics of high initial liquid yield, high gas yield, stable liquid yield, large gas yield decrease and the like.
Because shale oil platform development mode is mainly adopted at present, the horizontal section of the horizontal well is longer (more than 1km on average), so that the distance between the platforms in the area and between part of the platforms and stations is longer (more than 3 km), and the platforms are influenced by regional topography gully, so that the self-pressure cold transfusion back pressure of the well group is higher, and the self-pressure cold transfusion back pressure is generally more than 3.0MPa, so that the oil well yield is influenced. Meanwhile, the back pressure is further increased under the influence of factors such as further wax precipitation in the production process, so that line sweeping is frequent and potential safety hazards exist (the working pressure of wellhead and pipeline design is generally 4 MPa); meanwhile, due to higher oil pressure, the well mouth constant pressure gas collection and mixed transportation technology adopted at present is required to set a higher casing pressure value, and the casing pressure value exceeds the reasonable flow pressure of oil well production, so that the production of the crude oil well is seriously affected. The oil well group is far away from the pressurizing station and the metering station, oil pipelines are long, oil well wax deposition is serious, and the like, so that all oil well production states are always in a high back pressure (1.5-3 MPa) production state for a long time, normal production of the oil well is seriously influenced, especially when winter weather is cold, the back pressure can reach 6-7MPa, and the oil well can hardly produce normally under the condition.
At present, the investment for building the pressurizing point is large, the site is limited, and the damage to the natural environment is serious. The minimum treatment scale of a single base of a digital pressurizing skid (oil-gas mixed transportation) used in an oil field is 120m 3 And/d, the investment exceeds 100 ten thousand, the problems of low pressure increase, huge equipment, large occupied area, high cost and frequent maintenance exist in the oil-gas mixed transportation, part of associated gas in a well site is in a burning state of an in-situ torch, a newly increased associated gas pressurizing unit and a gas transmission pipeline are required for a high-gas-yield well group, and particularly for a large number of shale oil platforms of 2-4 wells(liquid yield 50-100 m) 3 And/d) the application cost is high.
In view of the above, the present inventors have proposed an oil gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device and method for shale oil development, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an oil-gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device and a method thereof for shale oil development, which can separate oil and water of well group crude oil from associated gas (centrifuging, isolating and adsorbing) and realize mixed transportation and separate transportation of the separated oil and water and associated gas in a metering and pressurizing mode respectively according to actual needs; in addition, the crude oil of any single well in the well group can be separated into oil, water and gas in the same separating tank, and the separated oil and water can be measured; the invention not only can carry out metering pressurizing conveying on oil water and associated gas separated from a well group, but also can meter oil and water of a single well, thereby realizing the purposes of reducing wellhead back pressure, improving oil well production yield, increasing crude oil external conveying pressure and recovering oil well associated gas.
The invention aims at solving the problems by the following technical scheme:
an oil gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development comprises an oil gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism;
the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank, wherein the separation tank divides an inner cavity of the separation tank into an oil-water buffer chamber at the left side, an oil-water chamber at the right side and an air chamber at the top through an isolation screen plate assembly, one end of the separation tank, which is positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber, is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline, a first electric three-way ball valve is installed on the well group liquid inlet pipeline, the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve is connected with a bypass pipeline, the top of the separation tank is connected with an exhaust pipeline, the bottom of the separation tank, which is positioned in the oil-water chamber, is connected with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline through a connecting pipeline, and a second electric three-way ball valve is arranged at the junction of the connecting pipeline and the exhaust pipeline;
an oil-water extraction separator is arranged in the separating tank and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, and is connected with any single well liquid inlet pipeline, and is used for separating oil, water and gas in the single well, discharging the separated gas into the air chamber, and leading the separated oil and gas out of the separating tank through an oil outlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline respectively and then discharging the separated oil and gas into the oil-water chamber;
the oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism comprises a gas pressurizing pump arranged on an exhaust pipe line and a liquid pressurizing pump arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipe line;
the oil-water-gas metering mechanism comprises a gas flowmeter arranged on an exhaust pipe line, a first liquid flowmeter arranged on an oil-water outlet pipe line, a second liquid flowmeter arranged on an oil outlet pipe line and a third liquid flowmeter arranged on an water outlet pipe line;
the control mechanism comprises a first pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor which are respectively connected with a PLC control module and are arranged on the separation tank, a second pressure sensor and a gas overpressure relief exhaust valve which are arranged on the exhaust pipe line, a third pressure sensor and a first electric three-way ball valve which are arranged on the oil-water liquid pipeline, wherein the PLC control module can set a corresponding safety threshold value, and when the safety threshold value is exceeded, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time;
the PLC control module is connected with the second electric three-way ball valve and is used for selecting oil and gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to actual conditions of shale oil and gas produced by the well group.
Further, be provided with the electronic three way ball valve of third on the profit drain line, be close to separator tank one side, two exports of the electronic three way ball valve of third are connected with main, vice profit pipeline respectively, and main, vice profit pipeline are collected in first liquid flowmeter department, have set gradually main pressure sensor and main booster pump along the oil water flow direction on the main oily water pipeline, have set gradually auxiliary pressure sensor and auxiliary booster pump along the oil water flow direction on the vice oily water pipeline, the electronic three way ball valve of third is connected with PLC control module.
Further, a temperature sensor is arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline and between the separating tank and the third electric three-way ball valve, an electric tracing band is paved on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the PLC control module;
and a negative pressure ejector is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline and close to the connecting pipeline.
Further, a gas-liquid separation cylinder is arranged on the exhaust pipe line and close to the separation tank and is used for filtering tiny oil-water in associated gas.
Further, a safety valve is arranged at the top of the separation tank.
Further, the separating tank is of a horizontal tank structure, and an oil-water drain pipe orifice is arranged at the bottom of the separating tank.
Further, the front end of the separating tank, which is positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber, is provided with a centrifugal spiral plate, and the centrifugal spiral plate is connected with the outlet end of the well group liquid inlet pipeline and is used for separating associated gas in shale oil in the well group.
Further, the gas booster pump is a plunger type compressor and is at least two-stage in pressure; the liquid booster pump is a plunger pump.
Further, the control mechanism further comprises a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power module, an I/O module, a Btunet and an RS485/232 communication interface module, wherein the gas flowmeter, the first liquid flowmeter, the second liquid flowmeter and the third liquid flowmeter are respectively connected with the PLC control module and are displayed through the display screen module, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extraction metering supercharging device and carrying out on-site display and remote transmission on obtained data.
The oil gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing method for shale oil development is based on the extracting, metering and pressurizing device and specifically comprises the following steps of:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the shale oil gas liquid output amount produced by a well group and the pressure and the yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil-gas mixed transmission; when the well group associated gas is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas for separate transmission;
step two, according to shale oil gas liquid output volume produced by the well group and pressure, output and temperature parameters of associated gas, configuring a separation tank with matched volume, liquid booster pump displacement and output pressure, gas booster pump displacement and output pressure parameters;
step three, connecting pipelines and parts one by one according to the oil gas separate transportation or mixed transportation requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set to be an oil gas mixed transportation mode by default, and when the oil gas separate transportation is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve for gas transportation to the connecting pipelines is required to be cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline is separated from the oil water liquid pipeline;
step four, after confirming that all pipelines are connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and after self-checking, corresponding control parameters are set on a control mechanism display screen module;
step five, test operation, starting an automatic/manual switch on a control mechanism display screen module, observing whether each data and control functions are normal or not, if abnormal, discharging faults, and switching to automatic control after all detection data are accurate and the control functions are normal; the control mechanism automatically controls the variable frequency speed regulation of the gas booster pump and the liquid booster pump, the automatic switching of the main booster pump and the auxiliary booster pump, the low-temperature automatic heating of the device, various fault diagnosis and safety protection after calculation and analysis according to the collected pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data;
and step six, all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device are synchronously uploaded to an upper control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module to be remotely detected and controlled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the implementation process of metering and pressurizing oil and associated gas in a well group, crude oil in an oil well (well group) firstly performs centrifugal action through a spiral plate arranged in a separation tank, then performs separation and adsorption action on the crude oil through a separation screen plate assembly, so that the oil and the oil in the crude oil are separated from the associated gas, the oil and the water sink under the action of gravity and enter an oil water chamber, and the oil and the water are pressurized by a liquid booster pump on an oil-water liquid pipeline and metered by a flowmeter and then are delivered to a liquid delivery pipeline; the associated gas floats upwards to enter the top air chamber, is further separated by the air-liquid cylinder on the exhaust pipe line, is subjected to multistage pressurization by the air booster pump and is metered by the air flowmeter and then enters the air output pipeline, so that oil and gas separate transmission is realized, when mixed transmission is needed, a three-way ball valve of a connecting pipeline between the oil and water output pipeline and the exhaust pipeline is opened, the associated gas is carried out in the oil and water output pipeline, and high-efficiency mixed transmission is realized under the action of negative pressure jet.
2. When the oil-water and associated gas in the well group are mixed or separated, the oil, water and gas of any single well in the well group can be extracted, separated and metered; the working principle is that a motor is used for driving a rotary drum to rotate at high speed, oil-water liquids with different densities and incompatibility are mixed and conveyed under the action of shearing force generated by rotation of the rotary drum and rotation of a paddle, and are rapidly separated under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotary drum, so that the problem of oil-in-water (oil-in-water) removal can be rapidly solved by using the extraction separator, and the aim of rapid oil-water separation is fulfilled; the separated oil and water are led out of the separating tank through an oil outlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline which are provided with flow meters, and then discharged into an oil water chamber of the separating tank again, associated gas of a single well can be estimated according to data of a well group, and a control mechanism can obtain oil, water and gas yield of the single well according to the collected oil, gas and water data.
3. The control mechanism in the device automatically collects, stores, calculates and analyzes various data such as pressure, liquid level, temperature, flow and the like, and automatically controls the functions of variable frequency speed regulation, main and auxiliary pump switching, pipeline low-temperature heating, various fault diagnosis and protection of the gas and oil-water booster pumps; actively acquiring data such as liquid level, oil, gas, water flow, temperature, pressure and the like in the device through a control mechanism, and calculating well group data such as instantaneous and accumulated output of well group oil, gas and water according to key data such as oil, gas and water; meanwhile, all data of the device are synchronously uploaded to an upper control system through an RS485/232 communication interface module in a control mechanism to be remotely detected and controlled; in addition, the device is provided with a safety valve on the separating tank, a gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, an electric reversing valve is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline and the oil-water outlet pipeline, a temperature sensor is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline, the main parts of the device can be automatically protected, the device is comprehensively protected through a control mechanism, and the unmanned on duty function of a digital oil field and a well site is realized.
4. The device has wide treatment capacity range, and the well group liquid outlet amount is 30-400m 3 /d, associated gas 500-20000m 3 The highest output pressurization reaches 6.3MPa, the oil-gas-water metering of the oil well is accurate, the requirements of the oil field on oil, gas and water parameters of the oil well are met, compared with the existing equipment used in the oil field, the device has low cost, fewer auxiliary matches, complete functions and convenient later use and maintenance, key parts of the device adopt a redundant scheme of one-standby double-pressurization pump, on-site display, remote display of double liquid levels and the like, technical parameters such as liquid level, temperature, displacement, pressure and the like in the device are automatically detected and displayed on site, and are transmitted to an upper monitoring system in real time, so that the remote data monitoring is realized; the system has the functions of ultrahigh pressure and ultrahigh temperature automatic pump stopping protection, fault automatic discharge alarming function, anti-theft, anti-freezing and explosion-proof functions, and can realize unmanned operation of collection, transportation metering and pressurization, and digital intelligent management; the whole equipment integrated skid-mounted structure is convenient to install, has the functions of intelligent heating, heat preservation, corrosion resistance and explosion resistance, and can be suitable for special environment requirements of open air low temperature.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate principles of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shale oil development oil and gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and supercharging device.
Wherein: 1 is a separation tank; 2 is a well group liquid inlet pipeline; 3 is an exhaust line; 4 is an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline; 5 is a connecting pipeline; 6 is an oil-water extraction separator; 7 is an oil outlet pipeline; 8 is a water outlet pipeline; 11 is an isolation net assembly; 12 is a first pressure sensor; 13 is a liquid level sensor; 14 is a safety valve; 15 is an oil-water drain pipe orifice; 16 is a centrifugal screw plate; 20 is Shan Jingjin liquid pipeline; 21 is a first electric three-way ball valve; 22 is a bypass line; 31 is a gas booster pump; 32 is a gas flow meter; 33 is a second pressure sensor; 34 is a gas overpressure relief vent valve; 35 is a gas-liquid separation cylinder; 41,42 are liquid booster pumps; 41 is a main booster pump; 42 is a booster pump; 43 is a first liquid flow meter; 44,45 are third pressure sensors; 44 is the main pressure sensor; 45 is a secondary pressure sensor; 46 is a third electric three-way ball valve; 47 is a temperature sensor; 48 is a negative pressure ejector; 51 is a second electric three-way ball valve; 71 is a second liquid flow meter; 81 is a third liquid flow meter.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the invention. Rather, they are merely examples of devices that are consistent with aspects of the invention that are set forth in the following claims.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples for better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an oil-gas collecting, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development, which comprises an oil-gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism.
Specifically, the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a separation tank 1, wherein the separation tank 1 divides an inner cavity of the separation tank 1 into an oil-water buffer chamber at the left side, an oil-water chamber at the right side and an air chamber at the top by arranging an isolation net assembly 11, one end of the separation tank 1, which is positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber, is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline 2, a first electric three-way ball valve 21 is arranged on the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2, the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve 21 is connected with a bypass pipeline 22, the front end of the separation tank 1, which is positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber, is provided with a centrifugal spiral plate 16, and the centrifugal spiral plate 16 is connected with the outlet end of the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2 and is used for separating associated gas in shale oil of a well group. Through the arrangement, after crude oil of a well group enters the separation tank 1 through the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2, most of associated gas in the crude oil is separated and floats to the top air chamber through the centrifugal action of the centrifugal spiral plate 16, and oil-water enters the oil-water buffer chamber to further separate the associated bubbles contained in the oil-water after the oil-water enters the oil-water buffer chamber through the isolation and adsorption actions of the isolation net assembly 11, namely, the crude oil of the well group is separated from the associated gas in the separation tank 1.
Preferably, the separating tank 1 of the embodiment of the invention is of a horizontal tank structure, and an oil-water drain pipe orifice 15 is arranged at the bottom of the oil-water buffer chamber so as to maintain the tank at regular intervals; in addition, a liquid level sensor 13 is arranged in the separation tank 1, and a first pressure sensor 12 and a safety valve 15 are arranged at the top of the separation tank 1 to monitor and protect the tank body.
Wherein, knockout drum 1 top is connected with exhaust line 3, and knockout drum 1 is located the bottom of oil water room and is connected with profit drain line 4, and exhaust line 3 and profit drain line 4's end respectively with gas outer transmission line and liquid outer transmission line intercommunication, through connecting line 5 intercommunication between exhaust line 3 and the profit drain line 4 end, the junction of connecting line 5 and exhaust line 3 installs second electronic tee bend ball valve 51, through controlling second electronic tee bend ball valve 51, decides whether with exhaust line 3 and profit drain line 4 intercommunication or separation to realize oil gas mixed transportation or divide transportation.
Preferably, a gas-liquid separation cylinder 35 is arranged on the exhaust line 3 near the separator tank 1, which is mainly used for further filtering the micro oil-water in the associated gas.
In addition, the oil-water extraction separator 6 is arranged in the separating tank 1 and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, so that the air chamber space and the oil-water chamber in the separating tank 1 are fully utilized, the time and the separating effect of single-well oil-gas-water separation are improved, and the subsequent pressurization control of gas and oil-water is facilitated. Preferably, the model of the oil-water extraction separator 6 is CWL25-M, the top of the water extraction separator 6 is connected with a single well liquid inlet pipeline 20, and the single well liquid inlet pipeline 20 can be connected with any oil well through well group changing flow for separating oil, water and gas in the single well, discharging separated associated gas into an air chamber, and discharging separated oil and separated oil into an oil-water chamber after being respectively led out of the separation tank 1 through an oil outlet pipeline 7 and a water outlet pipeline 8. The working principle of the oil-water extraction separator 6 is that a motor is used for driving a rotary drum to rotate at high speed, so that oil-water liquids with different densities and incompatibility are mixed and conveyed under the action of shearing force generated by rotation of the rotary drum and rotation of a blade, and are rapidly separated under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation of the rotary drum, and the oil-water separation (oil-in-water) can be rapidly realized by using the extraction separator, so that the purpose of rapidly separating oil from water is realized.
The oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism of the embodiment of the invention comprises a gas pressurizing pump 31 arranged on an exhaust pipeline 3 and liquid pressurizing pumps 41 and 42 arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4. Preferably, the gas booster pump 31 is a plunger compressor of at least two-stage booster type, and the liquid booster pumps 41,42 are plunger pumps.
The oil-water-gas metering mechanism of the embodiment of the invention comprises a gas flowmeter 32 arranged on the exhaust pipeline 3, a first liquid flowmeter 43 arranged on the oil-water liquid pipeline 4, a second liquid flowmeter 71 arranged on the oil outlet pipeline 7 and a third liquid flowmeter 81 arranged on the water outlet pipeline 8. Through the arrangement, oil-water and associated gas yield data of the well group can be measured on one hand, and oil, water and gas yield data of any single well can be measured on the other hand, wherein the yield of the associated gas of the single well can be estimated according to the measurement of the well group.
The control mechanism of the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises a PLC control module, a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power supply module, an I/O module, a Btunet, an RS485/232 communication interface module and the like, wherein the PLC control module is respectively connected with a pressure sensor 12, a liquid level sensor 13, a first electric three-way ball valve 21, a second pressure sensor 33 and a gas overpressure relief exhaust valve 34 which are arranged on an exhaust pipeline 3, and third pressure sensors 44 and 45 which are arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4, and can set corresponding safety thresholds, and after the safety thresholds are exceeded, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time; for example, when the second pressure sensor 33 detects that the pressure of the exhaust pipeline 3 is greater than a set threshold, the control mechanism immediately starts the gas overpressure relief exhaust valve 34 and gives an alarm, or when the first pressure sensor 12 on the separation tank 1 is greater than the threshold, the control mechanism opens the bypass pipeline 22 of the first electric three-way ball valve 21 and/or the safety valve 14 to automatically open and give an alarm at the same time, so that a double protection function is achieved, the functions of the double protection function are similar, and the double protection function is not repeated one by one, so that the safe and stable operation of the extraction metering supercharging device is ensured. In addition, the gas flow meter 32, the first liquid flow meter 43, the second liquid flow meter 71 and the third liquid flow meter 81 are respectively connected with the PLC control module and displayed by the display screen module, that is, the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extraction metering supercharging device and displaying and remote transmitting the obtained data in situ.
Preferably, the PLC control module is connected with the second electric three-way ball valve 51 and is used for selecting oil and gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to actual conditions of shale oil and gas produced by the well group.
Specifically, a third electric three-way ball valve 46 is arranged on the oil-water liquid pipeline 4 and near one side of the separation tank 1, two outlets of the third electric three-way ball valve 46 are respectively connected with a main oil-water pipeline and an auxiliary oil-water pipeline (one for one), the main oil-water pipeline and the auxiliary oil-water pipeline are converged at the first liquid flowmeter 43, a main pressure sensor 44 and a main booster pump 41 are sequentially arranged on the main oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, an auxiliary pressure sensor 45 and an auxiliary booster pump 42 are sequentially arranged on the auxiliary oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, and the third electric three-way ball valve 45 is connected with a PLC control module. In addition, a temperature sensor 47 is arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4 and between the separating tank 1 and the third electric three-way ball valve 46, and an electric tracing band is paved on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4, wherein the temperature sensor 47 is connected with the PLC control module and is used for heating the pipeline, so that the phenomenon that oil and water are easy to condense and wax and interfere with liquid conveying when the temperature of the external environment is too low is prevented.
Preferably, the embodiment of the invention is provided with the negative pressure jet device 48 on the oil-water outlet pipeline 4 and near the connecting pipeline 5, so as to mix oil-water and associated gas efficiently during oil-gas mixing and transportation.
The invention provides an oil gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing method for shale oil development based on the extraction, metering and pressurizing device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the shale oil gas liquid output amount produced by a well group and the pressure and the yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil-gas mixed transmission; when the well group associated gas is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas for separate transmission;
step two, configuring the displacement and the external transmission pressure of a separation tank 1, liquid booster pumps 41 and 42 and the displacement and the external transmission pressure parameters of a gas booster pump 31 of which the volumes are matched according to the shale oil gas liquid output volume produced by a well group and the pressure, the output and the temperature parameters of associated gas;
step three, connecting pipelines and parts one by one according to the oil and gas separate transportation or mixed transportation requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set to be an oil and gas mixed transportation mode by default, and when the oil and gas separate transportation is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve 51 for transporting gas to the connecting pipeline 5 is required to be cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline 3 is separated from the oil and water outlet pipeline 4;
step four, after confirming that all pipelines are connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and after self-checking, corresponding control parameters are set on a control mechanism display screen module;
step five, test operation, starting an automatic/manual switch on a control mechanism display screen module, observing whether each data and control functions are normal or not, if abnormal, discharging faults, and switching to automatic control after all detection data are accurate and the control functions are normal; the control mechanism automatically controls the variable frequency speed regulation of the gas booster pump 31 and the liquid booster pumps 41 and 42, the automatic switching of the main booster pumps and the auxiliary booster pumps, the low-temperature automatic heating of the device, the diagnosis of various faults and the safety protection after calculation and analysis according to the collected pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data;
and step six, all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device are synchronously uploaded to an upper control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module to be remotely detected and controlled.
In addition, the invention can calculate the oil, gas and water instantaneous and accumulated output data of the well group or the single well according to the oil quantity and water quantity of each single well in the well group, the total gas quantity and total oil water quantity of the well group and the oil, gas and water metering mathematical model, thereby realizing quantitative management.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to what has been described above and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An oil gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development comprises an oil gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism;
the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank (1), wherein an inner cavity of the separation tank (1) is divided into an oil-water buffer chamber at the left side, an oil-water chamber at the right side and an air chamber at the top through an isolation screen plate assembly (11), one end of the separation tank (1) positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline (2), a first electric three-way ball valve (21) is installed on the well group liquid inlet pipeline (2), the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve (21) is connected with a bypass pipeline (22), the top of the separation tank (1) is connected with an exhaust pipeline (3), the bottom of the separation tank (1) positioned in the oil-water chamber is connected with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4), the exhaust pipeline (3) is communicated with the oil-water outlet pipeline (4) through a connecting pipeline (5), and a second electric three-way ball valve (51) is arranged at the junction of the connecting pipeline (5) and the exhaust pipeline (3).
An oil-water extraction separator (6) is arranged in the separating tank (1) and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, the oil-water extraction separator (6) is connected with any single well liquid inlet pipeline (20) and is used for separating oil, water and gas in the single well, and discharging the separated gas into the air chamber, and the separated oil and gas are respectively led out of the separating tank (1) through an oil outlet pipeline (7) and a water outlet pipeline (8) and then are discharged into the oil-water chamber;
the oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism comprises a gas booster pump (31) arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3) and liquid booster pumps (41, 42) arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4);
the oil-water-gas metering mechanism comprises a gas flowmeter (32) arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3), a first liquid flowmeter (43) arranged on the oil-water liquid pipeline (4), a second liquid flowmeter (71) arranged on the oil outlet pipeline (7) and a third liquid flowmeter (81) arranged on the water outlet pipeline (8);
the control mechanism comprises a first pressure sensor (12) and a liquid level sensor (13) which are respectively connected with a PLC control module and are arranged on the separation tank (1), a second pressure sensor (33) and a gas overpressure relief exhaust valve (34) which are arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3), third pressure sensors (44, 45) and a first electric three-way ball valve (21) which are arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4), wherein the PLC control module can set a corresponding safety threshold value, and after exceeding the safety threshold value, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time;
the PLC control module is connected with a second electric three-way ball valve (51) and is used for selecting oil and gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to actual conditions of shale oil and gas produced by the well group.
2. The oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein a third electric three-way ball valve (46) is arranged on one side, close to a separation tank (1), of the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4), two outlets of the third electric three-way ball valve (46) are respectively connected with a main oil-water pipeline and an auxiliary oil-water pipeline, the main oil-water pipeline and the auxiliary oil-water pipeline are converged at a first liquid flowmeter (43), a main pressure sensor (44) and a main pressurizing pump (41) are sequentially arranged on the main oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, an auxiliary pressure sensor (45) and an auxiliary pressurizing pump (42) are sequentially arranged on the auxiliary oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, and the third electric three-way ball valve (46) is connected with a PLC control module.
3. The oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 2, wherein a temperature sensor (47) is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4) and between the separation tank (1) and a third electric three-way ball valve (46), and an electric tracing band is paved on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4), and the temperature sensor (47) is connected with a PLC control module;
and a negative pressure ejector (48) is arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4) and close to the connecting pipeline (5).
4. The oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein a gas-liquid separation cylinder (35) is arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3) close to the separation tank (1) and is used for filtering tiny oil-water in associated gas.
5. The oil and gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil exploitation according to claim 1, wherein a safety valve (14) is arranged at the top of the separation tank (1).
6. The oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein the separating tank (1) is of a horizontal tank body structure, and an oil-water drain pipe orifice (15) is formed in the bottom of the separating tank.
7. The oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein a centrifugal spiral plate (16) is arranged at the front end of the separation tank (1) positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber, and the centrifugal spiral plate (16) is connected with the outlet end of the well group liquid inlet pipeline (2) and is used for separating associated gas in the shale oil of the well group.
8. The oil and gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein the gas booster pump (31) is a plunger type compressor and is at least two-stage pressurizing; the liquid booster pumps (41, 42) are plunger pumps.
9. The oil and gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism further comprises a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power supply module, an I/O module, a Btunet and an RS485/232 communication interface module, the gas flowmeter (32), the first liquid flowmeter (43), the second liquid flowmeter (71) and the third liquid flowmeter (81) are respectively connected with the PLC control module and displayed through the display screen module, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extracting, metering and pressurizing device and displaying and remotely transmitting obtained data in situ.
10. An oil gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing method for shale oil development, which is based on the extraction, metering and pressurizing device of any one of claims 1-9, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the shale oil gas liquid output amount produced by a well group and the pressure and the yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil-gas mixed transmission; when the well group associated gas is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the external transmission pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas for separate transmission;
step two, according to shale oil gas liquid output amount produced by well groups and pressure, output and temperature parameters of associated gas, configuring a separation tank (1), liquid booster pumps (41, 42) displacement and external transmission pressure, a gas booster pump (31) displacement and external transmission pressure parameters of matched volumes;
thirdly, connecting pipelines and parts one by one according to the oil and gas separate transportation or mixed transportation requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set to be an oil and gas mixed transportation mode by default, and when the oil and gas separate transportation is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve (51) for transporting gas to the connecting pipeline (5) is required to be cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline (3) is separated from the oil and water outlet pipeline (4);
step four, after confirming that all pipelines are connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and after self-checking, corresponding control parameters are set on a control mechanism display screen module;
step five, test operation, starting an automatic/manual switch on a control mechanism display screen module, observing whether each data and control functions are normal or not, if abnormal, discharging faults, and switching to automatic control after all detection data are accurate and the control functions are normal; the control mechanism automatically controls the variable frequency speed regulation of the gas booster pump (31) and the liquid booster pumps (41, 42), the automatic switching of the main booster pumps and the auxiliary booster pumps, the low-temperature automatic heating of the device, the diagnosis of various faults and the safety protection after calculation and analysis according to the collected pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data;
and step six, all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device are synchronously uploaded to an upper control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module to be remotely detected and controlled.
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