CN114961691A - Oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device and method for shale oil development - Google Patents
Oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device and method for shale oil development Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961691A CN114961691A CN202210595021.7A CN202210595021A CN114961691A CN 114961691 A CN114961691 A CN 114961691A CN 202210595021 A CN202210595021 A CN 202210595021A CN 114961691 A CN114961691 A CN 114961691A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/24—Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, measurement and pressurization device for shale oil development and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises an oil-gas extraction separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurization mechanism, an oil-gas-water measurement and control mechanism; the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank, the end part of the separation tank is connected with a well group liquid inlet pipeline, the top of the separation tank is provided with an exhaust pipeline, the bottom of the separation tank is provided with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, and the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism and the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline are communicated through a connecting pipeline with a tee joint; the exhaust pipeline and the oil-water outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a pressurizing and metering mechanism consisting of a pressure sensor, a flowmeter, a booster pump and the like, and each sensor and each actuating element are connected with a control mechanism. The invention can not only carry out metering pressurization conveying on oil water and associated gas of a well group, but also separate and meter crude oil of a single well, thereby reducing the back pressure of a well mouth, improving the yield of an oil well and recovering the associated gas; in addition, the device adopts an integrated skid-mounted structure, is convenient to install, has multiple functions of low-temperature heating and the like, and is suitable for various complex special environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shale oil gathering and transportation, and particularly relates to an oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, measurement and pressurization device and method for shale oil development.
Background
In the shale oil development technology, the existing domestic technology still has a plurality of limitations, particularly for most regions of western oil fields, such as vertical and horizontal gullies, long anchored beams, large ground surface height difference (150 plus 550m), and the original gas-oil ratio of the main force development oil reservoir is 100m 3 More than t, the initial production gas-oil ratio is 200-500m 3 And/t, which belongs to ultra-low permeability and shale oil reservoirs, are developed by adopting large-scale volume fracturing horizontal wells, and have the characteristics of high initial liquid yield, large gas yield, stable liquid yield, large gas yield decrement and the like.
Because a shale oil platform development mode is mainly adopted at present, the horizontal section of a horizontal well is longer (average more than 1km), so that the distance between platforms in an area and the distance between partial platforms and stations are longer (more than 3km), and the platform adopts a well group with higher self-pressure cold-conveying return pressure (usually more than 3.0 MPa) due to the influence of regional terrain gully, so that the oil well yield is influenced. Meanwhile, the back pressure is further increased under the influence of factors such as further wax precipitation in the production process, so that the line sweeping is frequent and potential safety hazards exist (the design working pressure of a wellhead and a pipeline is generally 4 MPa); meanwhile, the oil pressure is high, so that the well mouth constant pressure gas collection mixed transportation process adopted at present requires a set casing pressure value to be high and exceeds the reasonable flowing pressure of oil well production, and further the production of a crude oil well is seriously influenced. The well group is far away from a pressurizing station and a metering station, the oil pipeline is long, the wax deposition of the oil well is serious, and the like, so that each oil production well is always in a high back pressure (1.5-3MPa) production state for a long time, the normal production of the oil well is seriously influenced, particularly, the back pressure can reach 6-7MPa in cold weather in winter, and the oil well can hardly produce normally under the condition.
At present, the investment for building a pressurizing point is large, the site is limited, and the damage to the natural environment is serious. Mature digital pressurizing pry (oil-gas mixed transportation) single-seat minimum processing scale 120m for oil field 3 And d, investment exceeds 100 ten thousand, the problems of low pressurization, huge equipment, large occupied area, high cost and frequent maintenance exist in oil-gas mixed transportation, part of well site associated gas is in an in-situ torch combustion state, and an associated gas booster set and a gas transmission pipeline are required to be newly added for a high-gas-yield well group, particularly for a large number of 2-4 well shale oil platforms (liquid production amount is 50-100 m) 3 The application costs are higher.
In view of the above, the present invention provides an oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and a method thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development and a method thereof, on one hand, the invention can separate (centrifuge, isolate and adsorb) oil water and associated gas of well group crude oil, and respectively realize mixed transportation and separate transportation of the separated oil water and associated gas in a metering and pressurizing mode according to actual needs; in addition, the oil, water and gas separation can be carried out on the crude oil of any single well in the well group in the same separation tank, and the separated oil and water can be measured; the invention can not only carry out measurement pressurization conveying on oil water and associated gas separated from well groups, but also measure oil water of a single well, thereby realizing the purposes of reducing wellhead back pressure, improving oil well production yield, increasing crude oil output pressure and recovering oil well associated gas.
The purpose of the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
an oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development comprises an oil-gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism;
the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank, the separation tank divides an inner cavity of the separation tank into a left oil-water buffer chamber, a right oil-water chamber and a top air chamber through an isolation net plate component, one end of the separation tank, which is positioned at the oil-water buffer chamber, is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline, a first electric three-way ball valve is installed on the well group liquid inlet pipeline, the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve is connected with a bypass pipeline, the top of the separation tank is connected with an exhaust pipeline, the bottom of the separation tank, which is positioned at the oil-water chamber, is connected with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline through a connecting pipeline, and a second electric three-way ball valve is arranged at the junction of the connecting pipeline and the exhaust pipeline;
an oil-water extraction separator is arranged in the separation tank and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, the oil-water extraction separator is connected with any single well liquid inlet pipeline and is used for separating oil, water and gas in a single well, the separated gas is discharged into the gas chamber, and the separated oil and water are respectively led out of the separation tank through an oil outlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline and then discharged into the oil-water chamber;
the oil-water-gas pressurization mechanism comprises a gas pressurization pump arranged on an exhaust pipeline and a liquid pressurization pump arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline;
the oil-water-gas metering mechanism comprises a gas flowmeter arranged on the exhaust pipeline, a first liquid flowmeter arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, a second liquid flowmeter arranged on the oil outlet pipeline and a third liquid flowmeter arranged on the water outlet pipeline;
the control mechanism comprises a first pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor which are respectively connected with a PLC control module and are arranged on the separation tank, a second pressure sensor and a gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve which are arranged on an exhaust pipeline, a third pressure sensor and a first electric three-way ball valve which are arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, the PLC control module can set a corresponding safety threshold, and when the safety threshold is exceeded, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time;
and the PLC control module is connected with the second electric three-way ball valve and is used for selecting oil-gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the actual condition of shale oil-gas production of the well group.
Further, on the profit drain line, be provided with the electronic tee bend ball valve of third on one side of being close to the knockout drum, two exports of the electronic tee bend ball valve of third are connected with main, vice profit pipeline respectively, and main, vice profit pipeline collects in first fluidflowmeter department, has set gradually main pressure sensor and main booster pump along the profit flow direction on the main profit pipeline, has set gradually vice pressure sensor and vice booster pump along the profit flow direction on the vice profit pipeline, the electronic tee bend ball valve of third is connected with PLC control module.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline and between the separation tank and the third electric three-way ball valve, an electric tracing band is laid on the oil-water outlet pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the PLC control module;
and a negative pressure ejector is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline and close to the connecting pipeline.
Further, a gas-liquid separation cylinder is arranged on the exhaust pipeline and close to the separation tank and used for filtering micro oil-water in the associated gas.
Further, a safety valve is arranged at the top of the separation tank.
Furthermore, the separating tank is of a horizontal tank body structure, and the bottom of the separating tank is provided with an oil-water sewage discharge pipe opening.
Further, the front end that the knockout drum is located the profit surge chamber is provided with centrifugal spiral plate, centrifugal spiral plate is connected with the exit end of well group liquid inlet pipeline for associated gas in the separation well group shale oil.
Further, the gas booster pump is a plunger type compressor and at least has two-stage boosting; the liquid booster pump is a plunger pump.
Furthermore, the control mechanism also comprises a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power supply module, an I/O module, a Bthnet and an RS485/232 communication interface module, wherein the gas flowmeter, the first liquid flowmeter, the second liquid flowmeter and the third liquid flowmeter are respectively connected with the PLC control module and are displayed through the display screen module, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extraction metering supercharging device and carrying out on-site display and remote transmission on the obtained data.
An oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, measurement and pressurization method for shale oil development is based on the extraction, measurement and pressurization device and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the liquid output of shale oil gas produced by a well group and the pressure and yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, oil-gas mixed transportation is selected; when the associated gas of the well group is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas to be separately transmitted;
secondly, according to the liquid outlet amount of shale oil gas produced by the well group and the pressure, yield and temperature parameters of associated gas, configuring separation tanks with matched volumes, the discharge capacity and output pressure of a liquid booster pump, the discharge capacity and output pressure of a gas booster pump and output pressure parameters;
thirdly, connecting pipelines and all parts one by one according to the oil-gas separate transmission or mixed transmission requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set to be an oil-gas mixed transmission mode by default, and when the oil-gas separate transmission is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve for transmitting gas to the connecting pipeline is cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline is separated from the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline;
step four, when all the pipelines are confirmed to be connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and corresponding control parameters are set on a display screen module of the control mechanism after the data pass self-checking;
step five, running in a trial mode, starting an automatic/manual switch on a display screen module of the control mechanism, observing whether each data and control function are normal or not, if so, eliminating faults, and switching to automatic control after all detected data are accurate and the control function is normal; the control mechanism automatically controls the gas booster pump and the liquid booster pump to perform variable-frequency speed regulation, the automatic switching of the main booster pump and the auxiliary booster pump, the low-temperature automatic heating of the device, various fault diagnosis and safety protection after calculating and analyzing the acquired pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data;
and step six, synchronously uploading all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device to a superior control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module for remote detection and control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the implementation process of measuring and pressurizing oil water and associated gas in a well group, crude oil in an oil well (well group) is firstly subjected to centrifugal action through a spiral plate arranged in a separation tank and then subjected to isolation and adsorption action through an isolation net plate component, so that the oil water and the associated gas in the crude oil are separated, the oil water sinks under the action of gravity and enters an oil water chamber, and the oil water is pressurized by a liquid booster pump on an oil water outlet pipeline and is measured by a flowmeter and then enters an external liquid transmission pipeline; associated gas floats upwards to enter a top air chamber, is further separated by a gas cylinder on an exhaust pipeline, is subjected to multistage pressurization by a gas booster pump and is metered by a gas flowmeter and then is conveyed to a gas outward conveying pipeline, so that oil and gas are separately conveyed, when mixed conveying is needed, a three-way ball valve of a connecting pipeline between an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline and the exhaust pipeline is opened, the associated gas is subjected to oil-water liquid outlet pipeline, and efficient mixed conveying is realized under the action of negative pressure jet flow.
2. When the oil water and the associated gas in the well group are mixed or separately transported, the oil, the water and the gas in any single well in the well group can be extracted, separated and metered; the single-well liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with an extraction separator arranged at the upper part of an oil-water chamber, separated associated gas is directly discharged into a top air chamber of a separation tank, oil and water are separated by extraction (liquid-liquid mixing and separation), the working principle is that a motor is utilized to drive a rotary drum to rotate at a high speed, oil-water liquids with different densities and incompatible densities are mixed and transferred under the action of shearing force generated by the rotation of the rotary drum and the rotation of blades, and are rapidly separated under the action of centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotary drum, and the problem of water-in-oil (oil-in-water) can be rapidly solved by utilizing the extraction separator, so that the purpose of rapid oil-water separation is achieved; and the separated oil and water are respectively led out of the separation tank through an oil outlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline which are provided with flow meters for measurement, and then are discharged into the oil-water chamber of the separation tank again, the associated gas of the single well can be estimated according to the data of the well group, and the control mechanism can obtain the oil, water and gas yield of the single well according to the acquired oil, gas and water data.
3. The control mechanism in the device automatically acquires various data such as pressure, liquid level, temperature, flow and the like, stores, calculates and analyzes the data, and automatically controls the variable frequency speed regulation of the gas and oil-water booster pump, the switching of the main pump and the auxiliary pump, the low-temperature heating of the pipeline, and various fault diagnosis and protection functions; the control mechanism is used for actively acquiring data such as liquid level, oil, gas, water flow, temperature, pressure and the like in the device, and calculating well group data such as instantaneous and accumulated yield of oil, gas and water in a well group according to key data such as oil, gas and water; simultaneously, all data of the device are synchronously uploaded to a superior control system through an RS485/232 communication interface module in the control mechanism for remote detection and control; in addition, the device is provided with a safety valve on the separation tank, the exhaust pipe line is provided with a gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve, the liquid inlet pipeline and the oil-water outlet pipeline are provided with electric reversing valves, the oil-water outlet pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor, the safety protection of main parts of the device can be automatically carried out, and the device is subjected to omnibearing safety protection through a control mechanism, so that the unattended function of a digital oil field and a well site is realized.
4. The device has wide treatment capacity range, and the liquid outlet amount of a well group is 30-400m 3 Associated gas 500- 3 The device has the advantages that the pressure is measured according to the standard pressure, the highest external pressure is increased by 6.3MPa, the oil-gas-water metering of the oil well is accurate, the oil-gas-water parameter requirements of oil fields on the oil well by digitalization are met, compared with the existing equipment of the oil field, the device is low in cost, few in auxiliary matching, complete in function and convenient to use and maintain in the later period, the key components of the device are provided with a double pressure increasing pump, on-site display and remote display of double liquid levels and other redundancy schemes, the technical parameters of liquid level, temperature, discharge capacity, pressure and the like in the device are automatically detected and displayed on site and are transmitted to a superior monitoring system in real time, and the remote monitoring of data is realized; has the functions of ultrahigh pressure and ultrahigh temperature automatic pump stop protection, automatic fault discharge alarm, anti-theft, anti-freezing and anti-explosion, and can realize the unmanned operation of gathering, transportation, metering and pressurizationDigital intelligent management; the whole set of equipment integration sled dress structure, simple to operate has intelligent heating heat preservation, anticorrosive, explosion-proof, applicable in the low temperature special environmental requirement in open air.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an oil-gas gathering, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development.
Wherein: 1 is a separating tank; 2 is a well group liquid inlet pipeline; 3 is an exhaust line; 4 is an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline; 5 is a connecting pipeline; 6 is an oil-water extraction separator; 7 is an oil outlet pipeline; 8 is a water outlet pipeline; 11 is an isolation net component; 12 is a first pressure sensor; 13 is a liquid level sensor; 14 is a safety valve; 15 is an oil-water sewage pipe orifice; 16 is a centrifugal spiral plate; 20 is a single well liquid inlet pipeline; 21 is a first electric three-way ball valve; 22 is a bypass line; 31 is a gas booster pump; 32 is a gas flow meter; 33 is a second pressure sensor; 34 is a gas overpressure and pressure relief exhaust valve; 35 is a gas-liquid separation cylinder; 41,42 are liquid booster pumps; 41 is a main booster pump; 42 is an auxiliary booster pump; 43 is a first liquid flow meter; 44,45 is a third pressure sensor; 44 is a primary pressure sensor; 45 is an auxiliary pressure sensor; 46 is a third electric three-way ball valve; 47 is a temperature sensor; 48 is a negative pressure jet device; 51 is a second electric three-way ball valve; 71 is a second liquid flow meter; and 81 is a third liquid flow meter.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides an oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development, which comprises an oil-gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism.
Specifically, the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank 1, the separation tank 1 is provided with an isolation net assembly 11 to divide an internal cavity of the separation tank 1 into a left oil-water buffer chamber, a right oil-water chamber and a top air chamber, one end of the separation tank 1, which is located at the oil-water buffer chamber, is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline 2, the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2 is provided with a first electric three-way ball valve 21, the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve 21 is connected with a bypass pipeline 22, the front end of the separation tank 1, which is located at the oil-water buffer chamber, is provided with a centrifugal spiral plate 16, and the centrifugal spiral plate 16 is connected with the outlet end of the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2 and is used for separating associated gas in shale oil of the well group. Through the arrangement, after crude oil of a well group enters the separation tank 1 through the well group liquid inlet pipeline 2, most of associated gas in the crude oil is separated and floats to the top air chamber under the centrifugal action of the centrifugal spiral plate 16, and oil and water enter the oil and water buffer chamber to further separate associated bubbles contained in the oil and water through the separation and adsorption actions of the separation net component 11, namely, the crude oil of the well group is separated into oil and water and associated gas in the separation tank 1.
Preferably, the separation tank 1 in the embodiment of the invention is of a horizontal tank body structure, and the bottom of the oil-water buffer chamber is provided with an oil-water sewage discharge pipe orifice 15 so as to maintain the tank body regularly; in addition, a liquid level sensor 13 is arranged in the separation tank 1, and a first pressure sensor 12 and a safety valve 15 are arranged at the top of the separation tank 1, so that the tank body is monitored and protected.
Wherein, 1 top of knockout drum is connected with exhaust pipe line 3, the bottom that knockout drum 1 is located the hydroecium is connected with oily water outlet pipe line 4, exhaust pipe line 3 and oily water outlet pipe line 4's end respectively with gaseous outer transport pipeline and liquid outer transport pipeline intercommunication, exhaust pipe line 3 and oily water outlet pipe line 4 are terminal to be passed through connecting tube line 5 intercommunication, connecting tube line 5 and exhaust pipe line 3's junction install the electronic tee bend ball valve 51 of second, through controlling the electronic tee bend ball valve 51 of second, decide whether to communicate exhaust pipe line 3 with oily water outlet pipe line 4 or separately, in order to realize that oil gas thoughtlessly transports or divide and transport.
Preferably, a gas-liquid separation cylinder 35 is disposed on the exhaust line 3 near the separation tank 1, and is mainly used for further filtering the micro oil-water in the associated gas.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the oil-water extraction separator 6 is arranged in the separation tank 1 and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, so that the gas chamber space and the oil-water chamber in the separation tank 1 are fully utilized, the time and the separation effect of oil-gas-water separation of a single well are improved, and the subsequent pressurization control of gas and oil-water is facilitated. Preferably, the model of the oil-water extraction separator 6 is CWL25-M, the top of the water extraction separator 6 is connected with a single well liquid inlet pipeline 20, and the single well liquid inlet pipeline 20 can be connected with any oil well through a well group changing flow path for separating oil, water and gas in the single well, the diameter of separated associated gas is discharged into an air chamber, and the separated oil and water are respectively led out of the separation tank 1 through an oil outlet pipeline 7 and a water outlet pipeline 8 and then discharged into an oil-water chamber. The oil-water extraction separator 6 has the working principle that a motor drives a rotary drum to rotate at a high speed, so that oil-water liquids with different densities and mutually incompatible densities are mixed and transmitted under the action of shearing force generated by the rotation of the rotary drum and the rotation of blades, and are quickly separated under the action of centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotary drum, and the problem of water-in-oil (oil-in-water) can be quickly solved by using the extraction separator, so that the aim of quickly separating oil from water is fulfilled.
The oil-water-gas pressurization mechanism of the embodiment of the invention comprises a gas pressurization pump 31 arranged on the exhaust pipeline 3 and liquid pressurization pumps 41 and 42 arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4. Preferably, the gas booster pump 31 is a plunger type compressor of at least two-stage boosting type, and the liquid booster pumps 41 and 42 are plunger pumps.
The oil-water-gas metering mechanism of the embodiment of the invention comprises a gas flow meter 32 arranged on the exhaust pipeline 3, a first liquid flow meter 43 arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4, a second liquid flow meter 71 arranged on the oil outlet pipeline 7 and a third liquid flow meter 81 arranged on the water outlet pipeline 8. Through the setting, the oil-water and associated gas yield data of the well group can be measured on one hand, the oil-water and associated gas yield data of any single well can be measured on the other hand, and the yield of the associated gas of the single well can be estimated according to the measurement of the well group.
The control mechanism of the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises a PLC control module, a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power supply module, an I/O module, a Bthnet and an RS485/232 communication interface module, wherein the PLC control module is respectively connected with a pressure sensor 12, a liquid level sensor 13, a first electric three-way ball valve 21, a second pressure sensor 33 and a gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve 34 which are arranged on an exhaust pipeline 3, and third pressure sensors 44 and 45 which are arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4, the PLC control module can set corresponding safety thresholds, and when the safety thresholds are exceeded, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time; for example, when the second pressure sensor 33 detects that the pressure of the exhaust line 3 is greater than a set threshold, the control mechanism immediately starts the gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve 34 and gives an alarm, or when the first pressure sensor 12 on the separation tank 1 is greater than the threshold, the control mechanism opens the bypass line 22 of the first electric three-way ball valve 21 and/or the safety valve 14 to automatically open and give an alarm at the same time, so that a double-protection effect is achieved, the functions are similar and are not repeated, and the safe and stable operation of the extraction metering supercharging device is ensured. In addition, the gas flowmeter 32, the first liquid flowmeter 43, the second liquid flowmeter 71 and the third liquid flowmeter 81 are respectively connected with the PLC control module and are displayed through the display screen module, namely, the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extraction metering supercharging device and carrying out local display and remote transmission on the obtained data.
Preferably, the PLC control module is connected with the second electric three-way ball valve 51 and is used for selecting oil-gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the actual condition of shale oil-gas production of a well group.
In particular, in the embodiment of the present invention, a third electric three-way ball valve 46 is disposed on the oil-water outlet line 4 and on a side close to the separation tank 1, two outlets of the third electric three-way ball valve 46 are respectively connected to a main oil-water line and an auxiliary oil-water line (one for one), the main oil-water line and the auxiliary oil-water line are converged at a first liquid flow meter 43, a main pressure sensor 44 and a main booster pump 41 are sequentially disposed on the main oil-water line along the oil-water flow direction, an auxiliary pressure sensor 45 and an auxiliary booster pump 42 are sequentially disposed on the auxiliary oil-water line along the oil-water flow direction, and the third electric three-way ball valve 45 is connected to the PLC control module. In addition, a temperature sensor 47 is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline 4 and between the separation tank 1 and the third electric three-way ball valve 46, an electric tracing band is paved on the oil-water outlet pipeline 4, and the temperature sensor 47 is connected with the PLC control module and used for heating the pipeline, so that the oil-water is prevented from being easily condensed and waxed when the external environment temperature is too low, and the liquid conveying is prevented from being interfered.
Preferably, the negative pressure ejector 48 is installed on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4 and near the connecting pipeline 5 in the embodiment of the invention, and is used for efficiently mixing oil water and associated gas during oil-gas mixing transportation.
The invention provides an oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, measurement and pressurization method for shale oil development based on the extraction, measurement and pressurization device, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the liquid output of shale oil gas produced by a well group and the pressure and yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, oil-gas mixed transmission is selected; when the associated gas of the well group is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas to be separately transmitted;
secondly, configuring a separation tank 1, liquid booster pumps 41 and 42 with matched volumes, and output pressure, gas booster pump 31 displacement and output pressure parameters according to the shale oil gas liquid output amount produced by the well group and the pressure, yield and temperature parameters of associated gas;
thirdly, connecting pipelines and all parts one by one according to the oil-gas separate transmission or mixed transmission requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set as an oil-gas mixed transmission mode by default, and when the oil-gas separate transmission is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve 51 for transmitting gas to the connecting pipeline 5 is cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline 3 is separated from the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline 4;
step four, when all the pipelines are confirmed to be connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and corresponding control parameters are set on a display screen module of the control mechanism after the self-detection is passed;
step five, running in a trial mode, starting an automatic/manual switch on a display screen module of the control mechanism, observing whether each data and control function are normal or not, if so, eliminating faults, and switching to automatic control when all detected data are accurate and the control function is normal; the control mechanism automatically controls the gas booster pump 31 and the liquid booster pumps 41 and 42 to carry out variable frequency speed regulation, automatic switching of the main booster pump and the auxiliary booster pumps, low-temperature automatic heating of the device, diagnosis of various faults and safety protection after calculation and analysis according to the acquired pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data;
and step six, all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device are synchronously uploaded to a superior control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module for remote detection and control.
In addition, the invention can calculate the data of the oil, gas and water instantaneous and accumulated yield and the like of the well group or the single well according to the oil, gas and water metering mathematical model and the total gas flow and the total oil and water flow of each single well in the well group collected by the control mechanism, thereby realizing quantitative management.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An oil-gas gathering, transporting, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development comprises an oil-gas extraction and separation mechanism, an oil-water-gas pressurizing mechanism, an oil-water-gas metering mechanism and a control mechanism;
wherein the oil-gas extraction separation mechanism comprises a separation tank (1), the separation tank (1) divides the inner cavity of the separation tank into an oil-water buffer chamber at the left side, an oil-water chamber at the right side and a gas chamber at the top through an isolation net plate component (11), one end of the separation tank (1) positioned in the oil-water buffer chamber is communicated with a well group liquid inlet pipeline (2), a first electric three-way ball valve (21) is arranged on the well group liquid inlet pipeline (2), the other outlet of the first electric three-way ball valve (21) is connected with a bypass pipeline (22), the top of the separation tank (1) is connected with an exhaust pipeline (3), the bottom of the separation tank (1) positioned in the oil-water chamber is connected with an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4), the exhaust pipeline (3) is communicated with the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4) through a connecting pipeline (5), a second electric three-way ball valve (51) is arranged at the intersection of the connecting pipeline (5) and the exhaust pipeline (3);
an oil-water extraction separator (6) is arranged in the separation tank (1) and positioned at the liquid level of the oil-water chamber, the oil-water extraction separator (6) is connected with any single-well liquid inlet pipeline (20) and used for separating oil, water and gas in a single well, the separated gas is discharged into the gas chamber, and the separated oil and water are respectively led out of the separation tank (1) through an oil outlet pipeline (7) and a water outlet pipeline (8) and then discharged into the oil-water chamber;
the oil-water-gas pressurization mechanism comprises a gas pressurization pump (31) arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3) and liquid pressurization pumps (41,42) arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4);
the oil-water-gas metering mechanism comprises a gas flowmeter (32) arranged on the exhaust pipeline (3), a first liquid flowmeter (43) arranged on the oil-water-outlet pipeline (4), a second liquid flowmeter (71) arranged on the oil-outlet pipeline (7) and a third liquid flowmeter (81) arranged on the water-outlet pipeline (8);
the control mechanism comprises a first pressure sensor (12) and a liquid level sensor (13) which are respectively connected with a PLC control module and are arranged on the separation tank (1), a second pressure sensor (33) and a gas overpressure pressure relief exhaust valve (34) which are arranged on an exhaust pipeline (3), third pressure sensors (44,45) which are arranged on an oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4) and a first electric three-way ball valve (21), wherein the PLC control module can set a corresponding safety threshold, and when the safety threshold is exceeded, corresponding measures are started and an alarm program is started at the same time;
and the PLC control module is connected with a second electric three-way ball valve (51) and is used for selecting oil-gas mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the actual condition of shale oil-gas production of the well group.
2. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein a third electric three-way ball valve (46) is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4) and close to one side of the separation tank (1), two outlets of the third electric three-way ball valve (46) are respectively connected with a main oil-water pipeline and an auxiliary oil-water pipeline, the main oil-water pipeline and the auxiliary oil-water pipeline are converged at the first liquid flow meter (43), a main pressure sensor (44) and a main pressurizing pump (41) are sequentially arranged on the main oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, an auxiliary pressure sensor (45) and an auxiliary pressurizing pump (42) are sequentially arranged on the auxiliary oil-water pipeline along the oil-water flow direction, and the third electric three-way ball valve (46) is connected with the PLC control module.
3. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 2, wherein a temperature sensor (47) is arranged on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4) and between the separation tank (1) and the third electric three-way ball valve (46), an electric tracing band is laid on the oil-water outlet pipeline (4), and the temperature sensor (47) is connected with the PLC control module;
and a negative pressure ejector (48) is arranged on the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4) and close to the connecting pipeline (5).
4. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas-liquid separation cylinder (35) is arranged on the exhaust line (3) near the separation tank (1) for filtering micro oil-water in associated gas.
5. The oil and gas gathering, extraction, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein a safety valve (14) is arranged at the top of the separation tank (1).
6. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separation tank (1) is of a horizontal tank structure, and an oil-water blowdown pipe opening (15) is formed in the bottom of the separation tank.
7. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil exploitation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a centrifugal spiral plate (16) is arranged at the front end of the separation tank (1) located in the oil-water buffer chamber, and the centrifugal spiral plate (16) is connected with the outlet end of the well group liquid inlet pipeline (2) and is used for separating associated gas in the shale oil of the well group.
8. The oil-gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas booster pump (31) is a plunger type compressor and is at least two-stage pressurized; the liquid booster pumps (41,42) are plunger pumps.
9. The oil gas gathering, extracting, metering and pressurizing device for shale oil development as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control mechanism further comprises a frequency converter, a CPU module, a display screen module, a power supply module, an I/O module, a Bthnet and RS485/232 communication interface module, the gas flowmeter (32), the first liquid flowmeter (43), the second liquid flowmeter (71) and the third liquid flowmeter (81) are respectively connected with the PLC control module and displayed through the display screen module, and the control mechanism is used for controlling the operation of the extracting, metering and pressurizing device and displaying and remotely transmitting the obtained data on site.
10. An oil-gas gathering, transportation, extraction, metering and pressurization method for shale oil development, which is based on the extraction, metering and pressurization device of any one of claims 1-9, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting mixed transportation or separate transportation according to the liquid output of shale oil gas produced by a well group and the pressure and yield of associated gas: when the associated gas of the well group is less than 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, oil-gas mixed transportation is selected; when the associated gas of the well group is more than or equal to 5000 square/day and the output pressure is more than 4.0MPa, selecting oil gas to be separately transmitted;
secondly, according to the liquid outlet amount of shale oil gas produced by a well group and the pressure, yield and temperature parameters of associated gas, the discharge capacity and output pressure of a separation tank (1), liquid booster pumps (41,42) and discharge capacity and output pressure of a gas booster pump (31) which are matched in volume are configured;
thirdly, connecting pipelines and all parts one by one according to the oil-gas separate transmission or mixed transmission requirement, wherein the initial state of the extraction metering supercharging device is set as an oil-gas mixed transmission mode by default, and when the oil-gas separate transmission is required, only the outlet of the second electric three-way ball valve (51) for transmitting gas to the connecting pipeline (5) is cut off, so that the exhaust pipeline (3) is separated from the oil-water liquid outlet pipeline (4);
step four, when all the pipelines are confirmed to be connected without errors, the control mechanism automatically detects data of various sensors, and corresponding control parameters are set on a display screen module of the control mechanism after the data pass self-checking;
step five, running in a trial mode, starting an automatic/manual switch on a display screen module of the control mechanism, observing whether each data and control function are normal or not, if so, eliminating faults, and switching to automatic control after all detected data are accurate and the control function is normal; after the control mechanism calculates and analyzes the acquired pressure, liquid level, temperature and flow data, the control mechanism automatically controls a gas booster pump (31), a liquid booster pump (41,42) to carry out variable-frequency speed regulation, automatic switching of a main booster pump and an auxiliary booster pump, low-temperature automatic heating of the device, diagnosis of various faults and safety protection;
and step six, synchronously uploading all detection data of the extraction metering supercharging device to a superior control system through a control mechanism RS485/232 communication interface module for remote detection and control.
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