CN114960551A - Method for treating superficial landslide of local bank slope - Google Patents
Method for treating superficial landslide of local bank slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN114960551A CN114960551A CN202210591675.2A CN202210591675A CN114960551A CN 114960551 A CN114960551 A CN 114960551A CN 202210591675 A CN202210591675 A CN 202210591675A CN 114960551 A CN114960551 A CN 114960551A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/10—Placing gravel or light material under water inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating a local bank slope to generate a superficial landslide, which comprises the following steps of cleaning a bulging surface and a collapse surface of the bank slope; step two, rubble throwing and silt squeezing of a soft layer of the bank slope; step three, backfilling and rolling the graded broken stones; step four, laying non-woven fabrics; fifthly, backfilling and rolling the stone blocks and finding slopes; and step six, monitoring the bank slope surface. The method solves the problem that shallow landslide occurs on a local bank slope due to water accumulation on the interlayer of the bank slope, can effectively stabilize the bank slope and filter the water accumulation on the interlayer, and has the advantages of simple construction, high effect, low cost and prevention effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bank protection engineering, and particularly relates to a method for treating a local bank slope to generate a superficial landslide.
Background
In order to reduce flood disasters caused by river channel water expansion in rainy season, the comprehensive treatment of the river channel needs to be strengthened. In the river regulation project, the stabilization function and the anti-scouring function of the bank slope are particularly important. When local sandy side slopes exist on the bank slopes of the river channel, the river channel is washed by the expanding water of the river channel for a long time, the river water permeates into the bank slopes to form interlayer accumulated water, and after the water is removed in a flood season, the local bank slopes seep out due to the interlayer accumulated water, so that the side slopes collapse easily. In the face of the problem that superficial landslide occurs on a local bank slope, no scientific and effective treatment method exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating superficial landslide of a local bank slope, which solves the problem of superficial landslide of the local bank slope caused by interlayer water accumulation of the bank slope, can effectively stabilize the bank slope and filter the interlayer water accumulation, and has the advantages of simple construction, high effect, low cost and prevention effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for treating superficial landslide of a local bank slope comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning a bank slope bulging surface and a collapse surface: the method comprises the following steps that a bulging surface and a collapse surface are processed only when the lowest position of a landslide area is higher than the water surface for a certain distance, before processing, steel sheet piles are arranged on the water side of the lower side of the landslide area, intercepting ditches are arranged on the upper side of the landslide area, the intercepting ditches extend to a river channel from two sides of the landslide area, and during processing, the bulging surface is dug, and a weak layer on the surface of the collapse surface is dug to a certain depth;
step two, rubble throwing and silt squeezing of a soft layer of the bank slope: carrying out sludge squeezing on a soft layer of a collapsed surface at a certain depth by using the rock blocks, and excavating excess sludge squeezed out;
step three, backfilling and rolling graded broken stones: carrying out layered backfill rolling on a collapsed surface by utilizing graded broken stones at a certain depth, and carrying out manual leveling and then rolling compaction on each layer of backfilled surface;
step four, laying non-woven fabrics: paving the non-woven fabric on a collapsed surface by adopting a bottom-up paving mode, and fixing the non-woven fabric to prevent sliding;
step five, backfilling, rolling and slope finding of the stone blocks: carrying out backfill and rolling on a collapsed surface layer by using stones with different particle sizes, after each layer of stones is backfilled, firstly manually cleaning, filling gaps with small stones, then rolling and compacting, and carrying out slope leveling after backfilling and rolling to a slope surface;
step six, monitoring the bank slope surface: inserting and fixing steel rods into holes of the slope concrete vegetation blocks, selecting steel rods at the same height to cut cross grooves at intervals as monitoring points, observing at intervals of a period through a total station and a small prism, and comparing whether the monitoring points are displaced before and after so as to judge whether the slope is landslide or not.
Preferably, when the landslide area is close to the top road surface of the slope, a long-arm excavator is adopted to excavate a bulging surface, dig a collapse surface downwards, throw stones, squeeze silt, backfill graded broken stones and backfill the blocky stones on the top road surface of the slope; when the landslide area is far away from the top road surface of the slope, excavating a bulging surface, excavating a collapsed surface downwards, throwing stones, squeezing silt, backfilling graded broken stones and backfilling lump stones on the top road surface of the slope by using an excavator; compacting by rolling after backfilling by adopting a small-sized ramming machine; the materials for the stone throwing and silt squeezing, the graded broken stone backfilling and the block stone backfilling are transferred to the road surface on the top of the slope by the excavator before the construction of each step.
Preferably, in the step one, the excavation depth of the weak layer on the surface of the collapse surface is not less than 1000 mm; in the second step, the depth of the block stone with the particle size of 500 plus 800mm is not less than 800 mm; in the third step, the backfill depth of graded broken stones is not less than 500 mm; in step four, 200g/m is used 2 Non-woven fabrics; in the fifth step, the lower layer adopts the block stone with the particle size of 200-300mm, the middle layer adopts the block stone with the particle size of 500-800mm, and the upper layer adopts the block stone with the particle size of 100-200 mm.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the non-woven fabric is smoothly and moderately tightly attached to the gravel surface in a tight mode in an elastic mode during laying, the non-woven fabric is fixed on the top of a slope and the bottom of the slope through anchoring grooves, the adjacent non-woven fabric blocks are spliced in a 'overedged' or 'T-seam' sewing mode, and the splicing width is not smaller than 1000 mm.
Preferably, in the sixth step, when the displacement of the steel drill is monitored and found, immediately organizing constructors to set warning barriers at the front side and the rear side of the displacement section of the steel drill, so that the constructors are prevented from entering the dangerous area by mistake, and meanwhile organizing machines, materials and personnel to perform landslide treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the method, water and soil loss of the side slope is avoided by grading broken stones and filtering accumulated water in the interlayer by the non-woven fabric; according to the method, the rock blocks with different grain diameters are backfilled and rolled, so that the function of filling and silt squeezing of a soft soil layer is achieved, and the slope fixing effect is achieved; according to the method, the bank slope condition is known in time through bank slope monitoring, the deformed bank slope is repaired in advance, and landslide damage is avoided; according to the method, the steel sheet piles are used for preventing the water of the river course from being refilled and the water and soil of the side slope from being continuously lost, the surface water is timely drained through the intercepting ditch, the continuous entering of a landslide area is avoided, and the follow-up construction is facilitated; the method solves the problem that shallow landslide occurs on a local bank slope due to water accumulation on the interlayer of the bank slope, can effectively stabilize the bank slope and filter the water accumulation on the interlayer, and has the advantages of simple construction, high effect, low cost and prevention effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a process for occurrence of superficial landslide of a local bank slope.
Fig. 2 is a schematic processing diagram (cross section) of a local bank slope with superficial landslide in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view (top view) of the process of the local bank slope generating the shallow landslide in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of bank slope monitoring in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-bulging surface; 2-collapsed surface; 3, excavating a surface; 4-steel sheet pile; 5-intercepting the ditch; 6-lump stones for throwing stones and squeezing silts; 7-graded crushed stone; 8-non-woven fabric; 9-lower layer rock block for rock block backfill; 10-middle layer lump stone for lump stone backfill; 11-upper layer lump stone for lump stone backfill; 12-steel chisel.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for processing a local bank slope to generate a shallow landslide includes:
step one, cleaning a bank slope rising drum surface 1 and a collapse surface 2: treating the bulging surface 1 and the collapse surface 2 when the lowest part of the landslide region is more than 1m higher than the water surface, before treatment, arranging steel sheet piles 4 on the water side of the lower side of the landslide region, arranging intercepting ditches 5 at least 1.5m higher than the upper side of the landslide region, wherein the intercepting ditches 5 extend to river channels from two sides of the landslide region, and during treatment, excavating the bulging surface 1 and excavating the weak layer on the surface of the collapse surface 2 to a certain depth;
step two, rubble throwing and silt squeezing of a soft layer of the bank slope: carrying out sludge squeezing on the soft layer of the collapsed surface 2 by a certain depth by using the block stone 6, and excavating excess sludge squeezed out;
step three, backfilling and rolling graded broken stones 7: carrying out layered backfilling and rolling on the collapsed surface 2 at a certain depth by utilizing graded broken stones 7, and after backfilling each layer, firstly, manually leveling and then rolling to compact the layer;
step four, laying non-woven fabric 8: the non-woven fabric 8 is laid on the collapsed surface 2 in a bottom-up laying mode, and the non-woven fabric 8 is fixed to prevent sliding;
step five, backfilling and rolling the stone blocks and finding slopes: carrying out layered backfill and rolling on the collapsed surface 2 by using the stones (9, 10 and 11) with different particle sizes, after each layer of stones (9, 10 and 11) is backfilled, firstly manually cleaning, filling gaps with small stones, then rolling for compacting, and carrying out slope leveling after backfilling and rolling to the slope according to the proportion of 1: 3.5, slope finding is carried out;
step six, monitoring the bank slope surface: inserting a steel chisel 12 into the hole of the slope concrete vegetation block, and adopting a method of 1: and 2, hardening and fixing cement mortar, selecting cross grooves cut at intervals of 5m for the drill steel 12 at the same height as monitoring points, observing at intervals of a period of time through a total station and a small prism for at least 2 times every week, and comparing whether the monitoring points are displaced before and after to judge whether the slope surface is landslide or not.
In the embodiment, when a landslide area is close to a top road surface of a slope, a long-arm excavator is adopted to excavate a bulging surface 1, dig a collapse surface 2, throw stones and squeeze silt, backfill graded broken stones 7 and backfill stones (9, 10 and 11) on the top road surface of the slope; when the landslide area is far away from the top road surface of the slope, excavating a bulging surface 1, excavating a collapse surface 2, throwing stones to squeeze silt, backfilling graded broken stones 7 and backfilling block stones (9, 10 and 11) on the top road surface of the slope by using an excavator; compacting by rolling after backfilling by adopting a small-sized ramming machine; the materials for the stone throwing and the silt squeezing, the graded broken stone 7 backfilling and the block stone (9, 10 and 11) backfilling are transferred to the top of the slope by the excavator before the construction of each step and are stacked.
In the embodiment, in the step one, the excavation depth of the weak layer on the surface of the collapsed surface 2 is not less than 1000 mm; in the second step, the silt depth is not less than 800mm by adopting the blocky stone 6 with the particle size of 500-; in the third step, the backfill depth of the graded broken stone 7 is not less than 500 mm; in step four, 200g/m is used 2 A non-woven fabric 8; in the fifth step, the lower layer adopts the block stone 9 with the particle size of 200-.
In the fourth step, the non-woven fabric 8 is smoothly and properly tightly attached to the gravel surface in an elastic and elastic manner during laying, the non-woven fabric 8 is fixed on the top and the bottom of the slope by the anchoring grooves, the adjacent non-woven fabrics 8 are spliced by adopting a seaming type of 'over seaming' or't seaming', and the splicing width is not less than 1000 mm.
In the embodiment, in the sixth step, when the displacement of the steel rod 12 is detected by monitoring, immediately organizing constructors to set warning barriers at the front side and the rear side of the displacement section of the steel rod 12, so as to avoid the personnel from entering the dangerous area by mistake, and meanwhile organizing machinery, materials and personnel to perform landslide treatment.
The method filters the accumulated water in the interlayer through graded broken stones 7 and non-woven fabrics 8, and avoids the loss of water and soil of the side slope together; according to the method, the rock blocks (9, 10 and 11) with different grain diameters are backfilled and rolled, so that the function of occupying and squeezing silt is performed on a soft soil layer, and the slope fixing effect is achieved; according to the method, the bank slope condition is known in time through bank slope monitoring, the deformed bank slope is repaired in advance, and landslide damage is avoided; according to the method, the steel sheet piles 4 are used for preventing the water of the river course from recharging and the water and soil of the side slope from continuously losing, the surface water is drained in time through the intercepting ditches 5, the continuous entering of a landslide area is avoided, and the follow-up construction is facilitated; the method solves the problem that shallow landslide occurs on a local bank slope due to water accumulation on the interlayer of the bank slope, can effectively stabilize the bank slope and filter the water accumulation on the interlayer, and has the advantages of simple construction, high effect, low cost and prevention effect.
It will be appreciated that modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for treating superficial landslide of local bank slope is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
step one, cleaning a bank slope bulging surface and a collapse surface: the method comprises the following steps that a bulging surface and a collapse surface are processed only when the lowest position of a landslide area is higher than a water surface for a certain distance, steel sheet piles are arranged on the water side of the lower side of the landslide area before processing, a catch drain is arranged on the upper side of the landslide area and extends to a river channel from two sides of the landslide area, the bulging surface is dug out during processing, and a weak layer on the surface of the collapse surface is dug down to a certain depth;
step two, rubble throwing and silt squeezing of a soft layer of the bank slope: carrying out sludge squeezing on a soft layer of a collapsed surface at a certain depth by using the rock blocks, and excavating excess sludge squeezed out;
step three, backfilling and rolling graded broken stones: carrying out layered backfill rolling on a collapsed surface by utilizing graded broken stones at a certain depth, and carrying out manual leveling and then rolling compaction on each layer of backfilled surface;
step four, laying non-woven fabrics: paving the non-woven fabric on a collapsed surface by adopting a bottom-up paving mode, and fixing the non-woven fabric to prevent sliding;
step five, backfilling, rolling and slope finding of the stone blocks: carrying out backfill and rolling on a collapsed surface in layers by using stones with different particle sizes, after each layer of stones is backfilled, firstly manually cleaning, filling joints with small stones, then rolling and compacting, and after backfilling and rolling to a slope surface, leveling the slope surface;
step six, monitoring the bank slope surface: inserting and fixing steel rods into holes of the slope concrete vegetation blocks, selecting steel rods at the same height to cut cross grooves at intervals as monitoring points, observing at intervals of a period through a total station and a small prism, and comparing whether the monitoring points are displaced before and after so as to judge whether the slope is landslide or not.
2. The method for treating the local bank slope to generate the superficial landslide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the landslide area is close to the top road surface of the slope, a long-arm excavator is adopted to excavate a bulging surface, dig a collapse surface downwards, throw stones and squeeze silt, backfill graded broken stones and backfill the blocky stones on the top road surface of the slope; when the landslide area is far away from the top road surface of the slope, excavating a bulging surface, excavating a collapsed surface downwards, throwing stones, squeezing silt, backfilling graded broken stones and backfilling lump stones on the top road surface of the slope by using an excavator; carrying out roller compaction after backfilling by adopting a small tamping machine; the materials for the stone throwing and silt squeezing, the graded broken stone backfilling and the block stone backfilling are transferred to the road surface on the top of the slope by the excavator before the construction of each step.
3. The method for treating the local bank slope to generate the superficial landslide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, digging down a soft layer on the surface of a collapsed surface to a depth of not less than 1000 mm; in the second step, the depth of the block stone with the particle size of 500 plus 800mm is not less than 800 mm; in the third step, the backfill depth of the graded broken stone backfill is not less than 500 mm; in step four, 200g/m is used 2 Non-woven fabrics; in the fifth step, the lower layer adopts the block stone with the particle size of 200-.
4. The method for treating the local bank slope with the shallow landslide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the non-woven fabrics are smoothly and appropriately tightly attached to the gravel surface in a tight and tight manner during laying, the non-woven fabrics are fixed by adopting the anchoring ditches at the top and the bottom of the slope, the adjacent non-woven fabric blocks are spliced by adopting a seaming mode of 'overedged' or 'T-seam', and the splicing width is not less than 1000 mm.
5. The method for treating the local bank slope to generate the superficial landslide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, when the displacement of the steel drill is found through monitoring, immediately organizing constructors to set warning surrounding barriers on the front side and the rear side of the displacement section of the steel drill, avoiding the personnel from entering the dangerous area by mistake, and organizing machinery, materials and personnel to perform landslide treatment.
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| CN113624153A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Large rock slope surface deformation monitoring method |
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