CN114960175B - Multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device and method - Google Patents
Multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114960175B CN114960175B CN202210527884.0A CN202210527884A CN114960175B CN 114960175 B CN114960175 B CN 114960175B CN 202210527884 A CN202210527884 A CN 202210527884A CN 114960175 B CN114960175 B CN 114960175B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
- D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasma surface modification, and discloses a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device and a method thereof. Generating plasma in the inner and outer ring cylindrical insulating medium gap areas through dielectric barrier discharge; the gap area is stably ventilated through the annular nozzle, so that continuous and stable plasma generation is ensured; by cooperatively controlling parameters such as discharge pressure and frequency, airflow velocity, fiber tow movement speed and the like, uniform, dense and continuous plasmas are formed in a gap area, and the effect and efficiency of surface modification of the multi-tow fiber plasmas are ensured. The whole device and the method have the advantages of simple principle and structure, low cost, easy operation, good parameter controllability and strong universality, and can be suitable for various fiber tows such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasma surface modification, and particularly relates to a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device and method.
Background
At present, the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite is a light high-strength composite and is commonly used in the fields of aerospace, energy traffic and the like. The fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is a composite material which is formed by taking resin as a matrix, taking carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and other fibers as reinforcements, and taking the carbon fiber, the glass fiber, the aramid fiber and the like in a certain proportion and in a certain arrangement mode. The interface between the fiber and the resin in the composite material is a stress force transmission surface, and the interface bonding strength is one of the key factors determining the strength performance of the composite material, so that the interface performance between the fiber and the resin is improved by roughening the surface of the fiber, chemically activating the fiber and the like through a surface modification technology, and the method becomes one of the important ways for improving the mechanical performance of the composite material.
The plasma is the fourth state of matter other than solid, liquid, and gas, and is the ionization of matter upon heating to a sufficiently high temperature or other conditions to become composed of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons. Converting gas into plasma by discharge is a common way of plasma generation and mainly includes forms of glow discharge, arc discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, and the like.
The plasma fiber surface modification technology is one of the methods which are more applied in the high-performance fiber surface modification method, and the method uses the oxidation and etching actions of high-energy particles such as electrons and ions in the plasma on the surface of the carbon fiber to remove the weak interface layer on the surface of the carbon fiber, form a large number of new chemical structures such as free radicals and active groups, increase the polarity and the surface roughness of the carbon fiber, enhance the chemical bonding and physical embedding interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin matrix, and further increase the interface bonding performance of the composite material. However, the existing plasma fiber surface modification mainly adopts a jet plasma device, only single-bundle fiber filaments can be subjected to plasma surface modification, the treatment efficiency is low, the jet direction is single, the fiber filaments cannot be subjected to omnibearing surface modification, and the problems that the fiber bundle modification treatment is uneven, even the fiber filaments facing away from the jet plasma are not subjected to modification treatment and the like often exist. Therefore, aiming at the problems, a dielectric barrier discharge mode, an annular cylindrical structure and parameter regulation are comprehensively adopted, and a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device and method are provided, so that the efficiency and effect of fiber-bundle plasma surface modification are remarkably improved.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows: the existing jet plasma fiber surface modification technology can carry out plasma surface modification on single fiber yarns, and has low treatment efficiency and poor uniformity.
The difficulty of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the existing jet flow plasma generation mode cannot form a uniform plasma area in a large range, so that the difficulty of simultaneous treatment of multiple bundles of fibers is high; in addition, the jet flow plasma direction is single, so that the 360-degree omnibearing plasma surface modification treatment cannot be performed on the fiber tows.
The meaning of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the plasma surface modification treatment is carried out on the multiple fiber filaments at the same time, so that the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect can be effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device, a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification method and application.
The invention is realized in this way, a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modifying device, which is in an inner and outer ring cylindrical structure as a whole, and is mainly divided into a dielectric barrier discharge module, a ventilation module, a fiber bundle conveying module and the like, and specifically comprises: the device comprises an inner ring cylindrical insulating medium, an outer ring cylindrical insulating medium, an inner ring and outer ring connecting and fixing device, an inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode, an outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode, an electric wire, an alternating current high-voltage generator, a fiber yarn discharging cylinder, a fiber yarn collecting cylinder, a rotating mechanism, a fiber yarn bundle, rollers, a fixing device, an annular nozzle, an air guide pipe, an air pump and the like;
the dielectric barrier discharge module consists of an insulating dielectric module and a discharge module;
the insulating medium module comprises two inner ring cylindrical insulating mediums and outer ring cylindrical insulating mediums with different diameters, wherein the inner ring cylindrical insulating mediums and the outer ring cylindrical insulating mediums form a concentric circular ring structure through connection with a fixing device, and the radial distance of an annular gap is a fixed value D;
the discharging module comprises an inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode, an outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode, an electric wire and an alternating current high-voltage generator, wherein the inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode and the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode are respectively connected with the alternating current high-voltage generator through the electric wire to discharge;
and the ventilation module comprises an annular nozzle, an air guide pipe and an air pump, and is used for ventilating a gap area between two cylindrical insulating mediums through air pump suction and annular nozzle blowing.
The fiber tow conveying module comprises a fiber yarn unwinding cylinder, a fiber yarn winding cylinder, a rotating mechanism, fiber tows, rollers and a fixing device, wherein a plurality of bundles of fiber yarns are annularly and equally arranged in a gap area between two cylindrical insulating mediums at intervals, and fiber tow movement is realized through the spinning, yarn winding cylinder, the rotating mechanism and two rollers;
further, a connecting line between the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode and the alternating-current high-voltage generator is connected with a grounding wire through the connecting line.
Further, the upper end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn unwinding barrels which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns, and the lower end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn winding barrels which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns.
Further, the outer wall of the high-voltage electrode on the inner ring cylindrical surface is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the inner ring cylindrical insulating medium, and the inner wall of the grounding electrode on the outer ring cylindrical surface is tightly contacted with the outer wall of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modification method of the multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modification apparatus, comprising the steps of:
step one, starting high-voltage discharge, and generating plasmas in the inner and outer ring cylindrical insulating medium gap areas in a dielectric barrier discharge mode;
step two, starting an air pump, and stably ventilating the gap area through an annular nozzle to ensure continuous and stable plasma generation;
starting a filament collecting rotating mechanism to drive the fiber filament bundles to pass through the gap area at a uniform speed;
and fourthly, by cooperatively controlling parameters such as discharge pressure and frequency, airflow velocity, fiber tow movement speed and the like, uniform, dense and continuous plasmas are formed in a gap area, and the effect and efficiency of surface modification of the multi-tow fiber plasmas are ensured.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention combines the dielectric barrier discharge plasma generation mode with a circular insulating dielectric structure, and provides a plasma surface modification device capable of simultaneously processing multi-fiber bundle annular distribution, and dense and uniform plasmas are formed in an annular gap area by combining stable airflow ventilation; the surface modification device can cooperatively control parameters such as discharge pressure and frequency, airflow velocity, fiber tow movement speed and the like according to the state of the multi-fiber tow, and greatly improves the effect and efficiency of the surface modification of the multi-fiber tow plasma. The whole modification device and method have the advantages of simple principle and structure, low cost, easy operation, good parameter controllability, high degree of automation and strong universality, and can be suitable for various fiber tows such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers and the like.
The fiber tows modified by the device and the method can be used for preparing composite materials in the fields of aerospace, energy traffic, ocean and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for efficient plasma surface modification of multiple fiber bundles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of microscopic morphology and mechanical property test results after SYT49S type PAN-based carbon fiber plasma surface modification provided by the embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. a cylindrical insulating medium; 2. an inner ring cylinder surface high-voltage electrode; 3. an outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode; 4. an alternating-current high-voltage generator; 5. a fiber tow; 6. a fiber yarn feeding bobbin; 7. a fiber yarn winding drum; 8. an annular nozzle; 9. an electric wire; 10. an air duct; 11. an air pump; 12. a rotating mechanism; 13. and a roller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device, a multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification method and application, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device provided by the embodiment of the invention is of an inner-outer ring cylindrical structure as a whole, two cylindrical insulating media 1 with different diameters are arranged, and the cylindrical insulating media 1 with smaller diameters are sleeved on the inner side of the cylindrical insulating media 1 with larger diameters. The pluralities of fiber filaments are annularly and equally arranged in a gap region between two cylindrical insulating mediums.
The inner side of the inner ring cylindrical insulating medium 1 is sleeved with an inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode 2, the outer wall of the inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode 2 is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the inner ring cylindrical insulating medium 1, the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium 1 is sleeved with an outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode 3, and the inner wall of the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode 3 is tightly contacted with the outer wall of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium 1. The inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode 2 and the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode 3 are respectively connected with the alternating current high-voltage generator 4 through connecting lines, and the connecting lines between the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode 2 and the alternating current high-voltage generator 4 are connected with grounding wires through connecting lines.
An annular nozzle 8 is provided on the upper side of the cylindrical insulating medium 1, and the gap region between the inner annular cylindrical insulating medium and the outer annular cylindrical insulating medium is ventilated through the annular nozzle 8. The upper end of the annular nozzle 8 is connected with an air pump 11 through an air duct 10.
The upper end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn unwinding bobbins 6 which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns, and the lower end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn winding bobbins 7 which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns. The central shaft of the fiber yarn collecting drum 7 is provided with a rotating mechanism 12, and the fiber yarn collecting drum 7 is driven to rotate and collect yarns by the rotating mechanism 12.
The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the grounding electrode 3 on the outer ring cylindrical surface are respectively provided with rollers 13 through a fixing device, the direction of the fiber tows is changed through the rollers, the upper end rollers change the fiber tows 5 from a vertical cylinder to a parallel cylinder at 90 degrees, and the fiber tows pass through a gap area; the lower roller converts the direction of the fiber tows into a vertical cylinder.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for modifying the surface of the multi-fiber bundle by using the high-efficiency plasma provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, starting high-voltage discharge, and generating plasmas in inner and outer ring cylindrical insulating medium gap areas in a dielectric barrier discharge mode;
s102, starting an air pump, and stably ventilating a gap area through an annular nozzle to ensure continuous and stable plasma generation;
s103, starting a filament collecting rotating mechanism to drive the fiber tows to pass through the gap area at a uniform speed;
s104, the parameters such as discharge pressure and frequency, airflow velocity, fiber tow movement speed and the like are cooperatively controlled, so that uniform, dense and continuous plasmas are formed in a gap area, and the effect and efficiency of surface modification of the multi-tow fiber plasmas are ensured.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the test.
As shown in fig. 3, microscopic morphology and mechanical property test results of the SYT49S type PAN-based carbon fiber plasma surface modified; (a) after conventional jet plasma surface modification; (b) after surface modification of the device of the invention; after the SYT49S type PAN-based carbon fiber is modified on the surface of the plasma, the surface of the fiber yarn is etched, and a large number of functional groups are attached, wherein the surface etching effect is more obvious and more uniform after the device is modified. The carbon fibers subjected to different surface modification treatments are prepared into the composite material laminated plate, and the interlayer shear strength under different modification states is obtained through a carbon fiber interlayer shear strength test, wherein the interlayer shear strength after the surface modification of the traditional jet plasma is improved from the standard 83.20MPa to 101.64MPa, 18.44MPa is improved, and the interlayer shear strength after the surface modification is improved to 117.49MPa, so that the interface bonding strength of the carbon fibers and the resin is remarkably improved.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modifying apparatus, the multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modifying apparatus comprising:
the dielectric barrier discharge module consists of an insulating dielectric module and a discharge module;
the insulating medium module comprises two inner ring cylindrical insulating mediums and outer ring cylindrical insulating mediums with different diameters, wherein the inner ring cylindrical insulating mediums and the outer ring cylindrical insulating mediums form a concentric ring structure through connection and a fixing device, and the radial distance of an annular gap of the concentric ring structure is a fixed value D;
the discharging module comprises an inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode, an outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode, an electric wire and an alternating current high-voltage generator, wherein the inner ring cylindrical surface high-voltage electrode and the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode are respectively connected with the alternating current high-voltage generator through the electric wire to discharge;
the ventilation module comprises an annular nozzle, an air duct and an air pump, and is used for ventilating a gap area between two cylindrical insulating media through air suction of the air pump and air blowing of the annular nozzle;
the fiber tow conveying module comprises a fiber yarn unwinding cylinder, a fiber yarn winding cylinder, a rotating mechanism, fiber tows, rollers and a fixing device, wherein a plurality of bundles of fiber yarns are annularly and equally arranged in a gap area between two cylindrical insulating mediums at intervals, and fiber tow movement is realized through the spinning, yarn winding cylinder, the rotating mechanism and two rollers;
the connecting line between the outer ring cylindrical surface grounding electrode and the alternating-current high-voltage generator is connected with the grounding wire through the connecting line;
the upper end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn unwinding barrels which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns, and the lower end of the outer side of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium is provided with a plurality of fiber yarn winding barrels which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each bundle of fiber yarns;
the outer wall of the high-voltage electrode on the inner ring cylindrical surface is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the inner ring cylindrical insulating medium, and the inner wall of the grounding electrode on the outer ring cylindrical surface is tightly contacted with the outer wall of the outer ring cylindrical insulating medium.
2. A multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modification method of the multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multi-fiber bundle high efficiency plasma surface modification method comprises the steps of:
step one, starting high-voltage discharge, and generating plasmas in the inner and outer ring cylindrical insulating medium gap areas in a dielectric barrier discharge mode;
step two, starting an air pump, and stably ventilating the gap area through an annular nozzle to ensure continuous and stable plasma generation;
starting a filament collecting rotating mechanism to drive the fiber filament bundles to pass through the gap area at a uniform speed;
and fourthly, by cooperatively controlling parameters such as discharge pressure and frequency, airflow velocity, fiber tow movement speed and the like, uniform, dense and continuous plasmas are formed in a gap area, and the effect and efficiency of surface modification of the multi-tow fiber plasmas are ensured.
3. A method for preparing a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, characterized in that the method for preparing a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite uses the multi-fiber bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device of claim 1.
4. A method for preparing an aerospace composite, characterized in that the method for preparing an aerospace composite uses the multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device according to claim 1.
5. A method for preparing a composite material for energy traffic, characterized in that the method for preparing a composite material for energy traffic uses the multi-fiber-bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification device according to claim 1.
6. A method for producing a composite material for automobiles, characterized in that the method for producing a composite material for automobiles uses the multi-fiber bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modifying apparatus according to claim 1.
7. A method for preparing a composite material for marine industry, characterized in that the method for preparing a composite material for marine industry uses the multi-fiber bundle high-efficiency plasma surface modification apparatus according to claim 1.
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