CN114959401A - Differential texture reconstruction coating cutter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Differential texture reconstruction coating cutter and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114959401A
CN114959401A CN202210482930.XA CN202210482930A CN114959401A CN 114959401 A CN114959401 A CN 114959401A CN 202210482930 A CN202210482930 A CN 202210482930A CN 114959401 A CN114959401 A CN 114959401A
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coating
cutter
restructured
basic
differential
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Inventor
孙军龙
李志贞
徐欣
薛冲
常文程
杨帆
王锡腾
邵凯
张伟
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Yantai Aidi Ruineng Superhard Cutting Tool Co ltd
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Yantai Aidi Ruineng Superhard Cutting Tool Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210482930.XA priority Critical patent/CN114959401A/en
Publication of CN114959401A publication Critical patent/CN114959401A/en
Priority to CN202310498167.4A priority patent/CN116445891A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/40—Oxides
    • C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/52—Controlling or regulating the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/56—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/16—Cermet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/04—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by chemical vapour deposition [CVD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10—Coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/36—Multi-layered
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter with a differential texture restructuring coating, which comprises: a base body having a first blade surface and a second blade surface; the basic coating continuously covers the first cutter face and the second cutter face; the stress control transition coating is positioned on the basic coating of the first cutter face or the second cutter face and is obtained by removing the basic coating with a certain thickness on the first cutter face or the second cutter face; and the reconstructed coating covers the stress control transition coating, and differential grain preferred orientation is formed between the reconstructed coating and the basic coating. The invention also provides a preparation method of the differential texture reconstruction coating cutter. The invention can form a texture combination which aims at improving the abrasion resistance on the front cutter surface and improving the quality of the processed surface on the rear cutter surface; the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the machining efficiency is improved, and the quality of the machined surface is improved.

Description

Differential texture reconstruction coating cutter and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of mechanical cutting tools, in particular to a cutter with a differential texture reconstruction coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The preferred orientation (texture) of crystal grains is used for the cutter coating, so that the mechanical property, the friction property and the cutting property of the orientation direction can be improved. However, in order to take the dual objectives of both the cutting performance and the processed surface quality of the cutter into consideration, systematic research on the control strategy of the differentiated coating texture of the front-rear cutter surface is still lacked, and if the optimal matching of the texture of the front-rear cutter surface is realized by reasonably controlling the coating texture, a new research idea is expected to be brought to the coated cutter.
When the hard alloy coated tool carries out high-speed dry cutting on nodular cast iron, alloy steel and the like, in a key friction area of a front tool face and a rear tool face, cracks are generated and expanded in the coating due to thermal and mechanical coupling stress, so that the coating is peeled off and damaged; meanwhile, the machined surface and the rear cutter face are violently extruded and rubbed, so that the machined surface is subjected to work hardening to form a surface deterioration layer. Therefore, the problems that the friction and the abrasion are increased, the service life of the coating is reduced, and the quality of the processed surface is difficult to meet the requirements of users are solved.
Based on the above analysis, the present invention proposes the concept of texture reconstruction, i.e., the reconstructed coating formed by the secondary coating has a differentiated preferred orientation of grains from the base coating formed by the primary coating. Designing a texture combination with a rake face for improving wear resistance and a flank face for improving the quality of a processed surface; and introducing a stress regulation and control mechanism in the process of texture reconstruction, constructing a coordinated and unified relationship among the base coating, the reconstructed coating and the stress regulation and control transition coating, and inhibiting the defects such as dislocation, holes and the like through texture reconstruction and stress regulation and control. The problems of aggravated friction and wear, reduced coating service life and difficult satisfaction of the quality of the processed surface to the user caused by high-speed dry cutting of materials such as nodular cast iron, alloy steel and the like are hopefully solved; provides a theoretical basis for improving the research level of the coated cutter and provides technical support for the development of the high-end equipment manufacturing industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. The invention provides a differential texture restructuring coating cutter and a preparation method thereof, which can form a texture combination which aims at improving the abrasion resistance on a front cutter face and improving the quality of a processed surface on a rear cutter face; the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the machining efficiency is improved, and the quality of the machined surface is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention discloses a differential texture restructuring coated cutting tool, which comprises:
a base body having a first blade surface and a second blade surface;
the basic coating continuously covers the first cutter face and the second cutter face;
the stress control transition coating is positioned on the basic coating of the first cutter face or the second cutter face and is obtained by removing the basic coating with a certain thickness on the first cutter face or the second cutter face;
and the reconstructed coating covers the stress control transition coating, and differential grain preferred orientation is formed between the reconstructed coating and the basic coating.
The first tool face is a tool front tool face, and the second tool face is a tool rear tool face.
The invention introduces the design idea of texture reconstruction into the field of coating cutter design, and forms a texture combination which aims at improving the abrasion resistance of the front cutter surface and improving the quality of the processed surface of the rear cutter surface by differentiating the preferred orientation of the front cutter surface and the rear cutter surface.
Further, the area of the base coating layer where the stress control transitional coating layer is not formed is covered with a covering layer.
Further, the area of the base coating layer which is not covered by the reconstructed coating layer and the covering layer is coated with an orientation-invariant coating layer, and the orientation-invariant coating layer, the covering layer and the reconstructed coating layer are continuously arranged.
Further, the composition of the restructured coating is selected from TiCN and Al 2 O 3 、TiN、TiB 2 One or more of TiBN, ZrN, ZrC, ZrCN and SiC.
Further, the substrate comprises a hard alloy cutter, and the components of the substrate are 79% of WC + 15% of TiC + 6% of Co or 94% of WC + 6% of Co in percentage by weight;
the basic coating component comprises TiCN and Al 2 O 3 And TiN.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the differential texture reconstruction coating cutter, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a base material;
(2) coating TiCN and Al on the substrate 2 O 3 And TiN to form a base coat;
(3) partially coating a covering layer on the base coating layer;
(4) removing the base coating which is not coated with the covering layer and has a certain thickness by adopting a mechanical treatment mode to form a stress regulation transition coating;
(5) application of the reconstituted coating by CVD technique: firstly, the differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 Nucleation, differentiation and preferred orientationAl 2 O 3 And coating to obtain the reconstructed coating.
The method can be applied to hard alloy cutter materials, and the prepared texture reconstruction self-repairing coating cutter can solve the problems of aggravated friction and wear, reduced service life of the coating, and difficult satisfaction of the quality of the processed surface to the requirements of users caused by high-speed dry cutting of nodular cast iron, alloy steel and the like.
When the coating is reconstructed, other surfaces of the cutter are shielded, and the effect of only coating a specific cutter face is achieved.
Further, in the step (5), the differentiated preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 In the nucleation process, the nucleation temperature is controlled to be 1000-; h 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 The volume percentages of HCl and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 1.5-3% and 0.1-1%.
Further, in the step (5), the differentiated preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 In the coating process, the temperature is controlled to be 1050 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 60-90mbar, and the deposition time is controlled to be 100 ℃ and 300 min; h 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-20%, 0.5-5%, 1-5%, 1.5-3%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%; wherein H 2 S and CO 2 Is greater than 0.08 and less than 0.11.
Further, in the step (2), the TiCN coating parameters are: controlling the temperature at 850- 2 、N 2 、TiCl 4 And CH 3 CN volume percentages are respectively 50-85%, 5-40%, 1-4% and 0.1-1%;
Al 2 O 3 the nucleation parameters are as follows: controlling the temperature at 1000- 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 HCl and CO accounting for 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2% and 1-5% respectively1.5-3% and 0.1-4%;
Al 2 O 3 the coating parameters were: controlling the temperature at 1000- 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 0.5-1%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%; wherein H 2 S and CO 2 The ratio is greater than 0.11;
the TiN coating parameters were: controlling the temperature at 900- 2 、N 2 And TiCl 4 The volume percentages are respectively 60-80%, 20-35% and 0.5-2%.
Further, in the step (4), the aluminum oxide with the granularity of 80-500 meshes is adopted to carry out dry sand blasting treatment on the basic coating, the pressure is controlled to be 1.5-3bar, the treatment time is 2-10min, the sand blasting distance is 100-250mm, and the sand blasting frequency is 2-5 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention introduces the design thought of texture reconstruction into the design field of coating cutters, namely that a reconstructed coating formed by a secondary coating and a basic coating formed by a primary coating have differentiated preferred crystal grain orientation; secondly, introducing a stress regulation and control mechanism in the process of texture reconstruction, and applying texture reconstruction and stress regulation and control to inhibit defects such as dislocation, holes and the like by regulating and controlling the relationship among the base coating, the reconstructed coating and the stress regulation and control transitional coating; finally, a reconstructed coating with different preferred orientations of the base coating and the stress control transition coating is coated, so that the texture combination of the front cutter face for improving the abrasion resistance and the rear cutter face for improving the quality of the processed surface is realized, and the effect that the front cutter face and the rear cutter face meet different requirements is achieved;
the texture restructuring coating cutter prepared by the process forms a texture combination which aims at improving the abrasion resistance on the front cutter face and improving the quality of a processed surface on the rear cutter face by differentiating the preferred orientation of the front cutter face and the rear cutter face; the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the machining efficiency is improved, the quality of the machined surface is improved, and the dilemma that front-back key areas cannot be simultaneously adapted to respective requirements is solved fundamentally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a differential texture restructuring coated tool according to example 1 and example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a differentially textured restructured coated tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a differential texture restructured coating tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a differentially textured restructured coated tool according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-substrate, 2-reconstruction coating, 3-stress control transition coating, 4-orientation invariant coating, 5-cover coating and 6-basic coating.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the features of the invention be limited to that embodiment. On the contrary, the invention has been described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications as may be extended based on the claims of the invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The differential texture restructured coated tool of example 1 was prepared by the following steps:
(1) the cutter material is a hard alloy cutter (79% of WC + 15% of TiC + 6% of Co in percentage by weight);
(2) coating TiCN and Al on the surface of the cutter in sequence by adopting CVD coating 2 O 3 And a TiN base coat; wherein the TiCN coating parameters are as follows: temperature 865 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 400min, H 2 、N 2 、TiCl 4 And CH 3 CN is 82 percent, 15 percent, 2.5 percent and 0.5 percent by volume respectively;
Al 2 O 3 nucleation parameters: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 20min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 The volume percentages of HCl and CO are 85%, 10%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 0.7% and 0.3%, respectively;
Al 2 O 3 the coating parameters were: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 420min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are respectively 84.5%, 10%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 0.7%, 0.5% and 0.3%; wherein H 2 S/CO 2 ＝0.2>0.11；
The TiN coating parameters were: temperature 1000 deg.C, pressure 650mbar, deposition time 70min, H 2 、N 2 And TiCl 4 The volume percentages are respectively 74%, 25% and 1%;
(3) coating a covering layer on the base coating;
(4) carrying out dry sand blasting treatment on the tool basic coating by adopting alumina with the granularity of 80-500 meshes to obtain a stress control transition layer, wherein the sand blasting parameters are as follows: the pressure is 2bar, the processing time is 3min, the sand blasting distance is 200mm, the sand blasting frequency is 2 times, 80-mesh alumina particles are adopted for the first time, and 300-mesh alumina particles are adopted for the second time;
(5) placing the cutter into acetone, ultrasonically cleaning for 15 minutes, drying for standby use, and coating the reconstructed coating within 30 minutes;
differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 Nucleation parameters: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 25min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 HCl and CO are respectively 82%, 10%, 1.5%, 3.5% and 2%And 1%;
differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 The coating parameters were: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 180min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are 82.92%, 10%, 1.5%, 3%, 2%, 0.28% and 0.3%, respectively; 0.08<H 2 S/CO 2 ＝0.09<0.11。
Example 2
The differential texture restructured coated tool of example 2 was prepared by the following steps:
(1) the cutter material is a hard alloy cutter (94% WC + 6% Co by weight percentage);
(2) coating TiCN and Al on the surface of the cutter in sequence by adopting CVD coating 2 O 3 And a TiN base coat; wherein the TiCN coating parameters are as follows: temperature 870 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 350min, H 2 、N 2 、TiCl 4 And CH 3 CN volume percentages are 82.5%, 14%, 3% and 0.5%, respectively;
Al 2 O 3 nucleation parameters: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 20min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 HCl and CO are 82.5%, 12%, 1.5%, 3%, 0.7% and 0.3% by volume respectively;
Al 2 O 3 the coating parameters were: temperature 1050 deg.C, pressure 75mbar, deposition time 480min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are 81.8%, 12%, 1.5%, 3%, 0.7% and 0.3%, respectively; h 2 S/CO 2 ＝0.23>0.11；
The TiN coating parameters were: temperature 1000 deg.C, pressure 650mbar, deposition time 70min, H 2 、N 2 And TiCl 4 The volume percentages are respectively 78%, 2% and 2%;
(3) coating a covering layer on the base coating;
(4) carrying out dry sand blasting treatment on the tool basic coating by adopting alumina with the granularity of 80-500 meshes to obtain a stress control transition layer, wherein the sand blasting parameters are as follows: the pressure is 2bar, the processing time is 2min, the sand blasting distance is 200mm, the sand blasting frequency is 3 times, 80-mesh aluminum oxide particles are adopted for the first time, and 350-mesh aluminum oxide particles are adopted for the second time;
(5) placing the cutter into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 15 minutes, and blow-drying for standby application for coating the reconstructed coating within 30 minutes;
differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 Nucleation parameters: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 25min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 HCl and CO are 77%, 15%, 2%, 2.5%, 2% and 1.5% by volume, respectively;
differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 The coating parameters were: temperature 1025 deg.C, pressure 70mbar, deposition time 180min, H 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are 78%, 15%, 2.5%, 1.5%, 0.25% and 0.25%, respectively; 0.08<H 2 S/CO 2 ＝0.1<0.11。
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reconstructed coating tool with a differentiated texture prepared in embodiments 1 and 2, and similarly, a reconstructed coating tool with a differentiated texture prepared by the same preparation method as in embodiments 1 and 2 may also have a schematic structural diagram shown in fig. 4, that is, in this application, a reconstructed coating 2 with a texture direction different from that of an original base coating 6 is not limited to a rake face (shown in fig. 4) or a flank face (shown in fig. 1) of the tool; fig. 2 shows that on the basis of the differential texture restructured coating tool prepared as shown in fig. 1, an orientation-invariant coating 4 is formed on the rake face which is not coated with a covering layer 5 and is not formed with a restructured coating 2, namely, grains are refined in a secondary coating, but the texture direction is the same as the original texture direction of a base coating 6; similarly, fig. 3 shows that on the basis of the differential texture restructured coating tool prepared as shown in fig. 4, an orientation-invariant coating 4 is formed on the rake face which is not coated with the covering layer 5 and is not formed with the restructured coating 2, i.e., the grains are refined in the secondary coating, but the texture direction is the same as the original texture direction of the base coating 6. In summary, fig. 2, 3 and 4 represent the implementation of the coating with differentiated texture prepared by the method similar to fig. 1, and only the grain orientation of the first blade surface and the second blade surface is differentiated.
Comparative example 1
The hard alloy cutter with the same proportion as that of the hard alloy cutter in the embodiment 1 adopts the known process to prepare TiCN and Al with the same thickness 2 O 3 And TiN coatings.
Comparative example 2
The hard alloy cutter with the same proportion as that of the hard alloy cutter in the embodiment 2 is used for preparing TiCN and Al with the same thickness by adopting a known process 2 O 3 And TiN coatings.
The performance tests were carried out on the cutters of example 1 and comparative example 1, and example 2 and comparative example 2 using the following tests:
(1) test conditions of example 1 and comparative example 1
Cutting conditions 1: cutting speed is 400m/min, feed rate is 0.35mm/rev, cutting depth is 2.5mm, and workpiece material QT450 is obtained; the coated tool of example 1 cut 7 pieces on average, the tool of comparative example 1 cut 5 pieces on average;
cutting conditions 2: cutting speed is 500m/min, feed rate is 0.3mm/rev, cutting depth is 1.5mm, and workpiece material QT600 is obtained; the coated tool of example 1 averaged 45 pieces, the tool of comparative example 1 averaged 33 pieces;
and when the flank wear VB is 0.3mm, determining that the cutter needs to be replaced. Cutting tests showed that the cutting tool with the coating of example 1 of the present invention has the ability to significantly extend the service life of the tool, as compared to comparative example 1.
(2) Test conditions of example 2 and comparative example 2
Cutting conditions 3: the cutting speed is 700m/min, the feed rate is 0.3mm/rev, the cutting depth is 1.5mm, and the workpiece material is 42 CrMo; coated tool mean cut of example 2, mean cut of 44, tool mean cut of comparative example 2, 35; and the coated tool machining machined surface roughness of example 2 was reduced by about 10% compared to the coated tool machining machined surface roughness of comparative example 2.
And when the flank wear VB is 0.3mm, determining that the cutter needs to be replaced. Cutting tests show that the cutting tool with the coating of example 2 has the capability of obviously prolonging the service life of the tool and improving the quality of the processed surface compared with the comparative example 2.
Reconstructing the preferred orientation of the coating in the front-rear key area of the cutter, designing the texture respectively adapting to the frictional wear characteristics of the front-rear key area, and considering two targets of prolonging the service life of the cutter and improving the quality of the processed surface. In order to realize the goal of reconstructing the differentiated texture in the front-back key area of the cutter, the effect of only coating a specific cutter face is obtained by shielding when a coating with the differentiated preferred orientation reconstruction coating is coated on the basis of stress regulation and control, and the goal of meeting the design of reconstructing the texture according to the performance and the texture characteristics of the alternative coating is realized.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof, and that no limitation of the invention is intended thereby. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A differentially textured restructured coated cutting tool comprising:
a base body having a first blade surface and a second blade surface;
the basic coating continuously covers the first cutter face and the second cutter face;
the stress control transition coating is positioned on the basic coating of the first cutter face or the second cutter face and is obtained by removing the basic coating with a certain thickness on the first cutter face or the second cutter face;
and the reconstructed coating covers the stress control transition coating, and differential grain preferred orientation is formed between the reconstructed coating and the basic coating.
2. The differentially textured restructured coated tool of claim 1 wherein the regions of the base coating not having the stress modulating transition coating formed thereon are covered with a cap layer.
3. The differentially textured restructured coated tool of claim 2 wherein the base coating is coated with an orientation invariant coating in areas not covered by the restructured coating and the cap layer, the orientation invariant coating, the cap layer and the restructured coating being disposed in series.
4. The differentially textured restructured coated tool of claim 1 wherein the restructured coating comprises a composition selected from the group consisting of TiCN, Al 2 O 3 、TiN、TiB 2 One or more of TiBN, ZrN, ZrC, ZrCN and SiC.
5. The differentially textured restructured coated tool of claim 1 wherein said substrate comprises cemented carbide, said substrate having a composition, by weight, of 79% WC + 15% TiC + 6% Co or 94% WC + 6% Co;
the basic coating comprises TiCN and Al 2 O 3 And TiN.
6. The method for preparing the differential texture restructured coating cutter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a substrate;
(2) coating TiCN and Al on the substrate 2 O 3 And TiN to form a base coat;
(3) partially coating a covering layer on the base coating layer;
(4) removing the base coating which is not coated with the covering layer and has a certain thickness by adopting a mechanical treatment mode to form a stress regulation transition coating;
(5) application of the reconstituted coating by CVD technique: firstly, the differential preferred orientation Al 2 O 3 Nucleating, differentiating and preferentially orienting Al 2 O 3 And coating to obtain the reconstructed coating.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step (5), the differentially textured preferentially oriented Al is selected from the group consisting of 2 O 3 In the nucleation process, the nucleation temperature is controlled to be 1000-; h 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 The volume percentages of HCl and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 1.5-3% and 0.1-1%.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein in step (5), the differentially textured preferentially oriented Al is selected from the group consisting of 2 O 3 In the coating process, the temperature is controlled to be 1050 ℃ and the pressure is controlled to be 60-90mbar, and the deposition time is controlled to be 100 ℃ and 300 min; h 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-20%, 0.5-5%, 1-5%, 1.5-3%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%; wherein H 2 S and CO 2 Is greater than 0.08 and less than 0.11.
9. The method for preparing the cutter with the differentially textured restructured coating according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the TiCN coating parameters are as follows: controlling the temperature at 850- 2 、N 2 、TiCl 4 And CH 3 CN volume percentages are respectively 50-85%, 5-40%, 1-4% and 0.1-1%;
Al 2 O 3 the nucleation parameters are as follows: controlling the temperature at 1000- 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 The volume percentages of HCl and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 1.5-3% and 0.1-4%;
Al 2 O 3 the coating parameters were: controlling the temperature at 1000- 2 、N 2 、AlCl 3 、CO 2 、HCl、H 2 The volume percentages of S and CO are respectively 80-90%, 5-10%, 0.5-2%, 1-5%, 0.5-1%, 0.1-1% and 0.1-1%; wherein H 2 S and CO 2 The ratio is greater than 0.11;
the TiN coating parameters were: controlling the temperature at 900- 2 、N 2 And TiCl 4 The volume percentages are respectively 60-80%, 20-35% and 0.5-2%.
10. The method for preparing the tool with the differential texture reconstruction coating as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the aluminum oxide with the grain size of 80-500 meshes is used for carrying out dry sand blasting on the basic coating, the pressure is controlled to be 1.5-3bar, the processing time is 2-10min, the sand blasting distance is 100-250mm, and the sand blasting frequency is 2-5 times.
CN202210482930.XA 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Differential texture reconstruction coating cutter and preparation method thereof Pending CN114959401A (en)

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