CN114958439A - Marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114958439A CN114958439A CN202110248374.5A CN202110248374A CN114958439A CN 114958439 A CN114958439 A CN 114958439A CN 202110248374 A CN202110248374 A CN 202110248374A CN 114958439 A CN114958439 A CN 114958439A
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- fuel oil
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- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 long-chain fatty acid sodium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010747 number 6 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010762 marine fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007785 strong electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/18—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes use of detergents or dispersants for purposes not provided for in groups C10L10/02 - C10L10/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1266—Inorganic compounds nitrogen containing compounds, (e.g. NH3)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1275—Inorganic compounds sulfur, tellurium, selenium containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a surfactant, colloid and interfacial chemistry, in particular to an emulsifier for marine water-blended residual fuel oil and a preparation method thereof. In the emulsion formed by oil and water, the invention can reduce interfacial tension and interfacial energy and improve the stability of a thermodynamically unstable dispersion system. The emulsified fuel oil is combusted to generate micro-explosion, and the emulsified fuel oil is secondarily atomized into fine oil particles, so that the contact specific surface area of the fine oil particles and air is doubled, the influence of the viscosity of the fuel oil on atomization is overcome, the combustion speed is accelerated, and the flame strength is improved; meanwhile, water vapor and carbon generate water gas reaction at high temperature, so that the effective conversion efficiency of the heat value of the fuel oil is improved, the actual consumption and cost of the fuel are reduced, the emission of pollutants or gas in the flue gas is controlled, and the atmospheric environment is protected. Is an energy-saving and environment-friendly technology with far-reaching social and economic benefits. The emulsifying agent is mainly used for emulsifying residual fuel oil for ships and boiler fuel oil.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to physical chemistry, surfactant, colloid and interfacial chemistry, and is emulsifier for marine water-containing residual fuel oil and its preparation process.
Background
According to national standard regulations, the marine fuel oil is divided into two types of products, namely, distillate type marine fuel and residual type marine fuel. The fraction fuel comprises DMX (equivalent to-10 # light diesel oil), DMA (equivalent to 0# common diesel oil), DMZ, DMB and the like, is mainly used in a high-speed diesel engine and a medium-speed diesel engine, and is mainly used for providing power for small and medium-sized ships sailing in short distance, such as sand and earth carrying ships, fishing ships, dry bulk cargo ships and the like sailing in Yangtze river, or is used for auxiliary engine power generation of the ships. The residual type fuel includes marine residual fuel oils RMD80, RME180, RMG380, and the like. The diesel fuel is mainly used for low-speed diesel engines, or is mixed with fraction type fuel and then is used for low-speed diesel engines. The marine fuel oil is generally divided into 180CST, 380CST, 500CST and the like according to the difference of the kinematic viscosity at 50 ℃, is mainly used for international transport ships and on larger ships transported along the sea and the river, has high required viscosity with large engine horsepower, and can reach 700CST at most. 180CST and 380CST are the mainstream varieties in the market. The latest version of the marine fuel oil standard GB17411-2015 is issued by the State administration of quality supervision, inspection and quarantine of the people's republic of China and the State Committee of standardization and management of China on 31.12.2015.
Bunker fuels currently in use in the market are classified into domestic trade and bonded bunker fuels. The fuel oil for the domestic trade ship is prepared by taking residual oil, slurry oil or wax oil produced by oil refining enterprises as main materials, blending the main materials with shale oil, water-borne oil, coal and diesel oil, aromatic hydrocarbon tower bottoms and other auxiliary materials by blending enterprises to obtain heavy fuel oil for the domestic trade ship, and supplying the heavy fuel oil to the domestic trade ship through a domestic trade ship fuel supplier. The bonded marine fuel oil is produced directly in refinery and is supplied to foreign trade ship in export monitoring warehouse via bonded marine oil supplier.
The 70 th meeting of the international maritime organization maritime environmental protection committee decides that the regulations that the sulfur content of the fuel oil for the ship does not exceed 0.50 percent m/m are implemented on the global scale from 1 month and 1 day of 2020, and relevant amendments, guidance rules, letter and the like of the international convention for preventing pollution caused by ships are issued.
The heavy oil is also called residual oil and fuel oil, is residual heavy oil obtained after extracting gasoline and diesel oil from crude oil, and is characterized by large molecular weight, high viscosity, heavy oil specific gravity of 0.82-0.95 generally, and heat value of 10000-11000 kcal/kg, and the components of the heavy oil are mainly hydrocarbons, and in addition, the heavy oil contains part of sulfur and trace inorganic compounds. When used as fuel, the direct combustion is not energy-saving and environment-friendly.
After the existing emulsifier emulsifies heavy oil, water and oil separation can be generated in the storage and transportation process, the flame is unstable during combustion, complete combustion cannot be realized, black smoke can be emitted, and the environment is polluted. As heavy oil, fuel oil is difficult to fully atomize, the phenomenon of incomplete combustion is prominent, the phenomenon of coking is serious, the effective thermal efficiency is low, and the pollutant discharge is seriously overproof. The ship discharges a large amount of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, particulate matters and the like, which is the key point of global and national governance and is also a difficult point.
In a dispersion system formed by oil and water, due to the existence of interfacial tension and interfacial energy, the system is in a thermodynamically unstable system, and in order to improve the stability of the dispersion system, a third component, namely an emulsifier, is generally required to be added. Emulsifiers are substances which modify the surface tension between the various constituent phases of an emulsion to form a uniform and stable dispersion or emulsion. Emulsifiers are surface-active substances which have both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in the molecule and which accumulate at the oil/water interface and reduce the interfacial tension and the energy required to form the emulsion, thereby increasing the stability of the emulsion.
The fuel oil emulsion combustion can generate a micro-explosion effect, heavy oil atomized particles are secondarily atomized into finer oil particles, the specific surface area of the oil particles contacted with air is increased by times, the influence of the viscosity of the fuel oil on the atomization is overcome, the combustion speed is accelerated, and the flame strength is improved. Meanwhile, the water vapor and carbon generate water gas reaction at high temperature, so that the effective conversion efficiency of the heat value of the fuel oil is correspondingly improved, the actual consumption and cost of the fuel are reduced, the emission of pollutants or gases in the flue gas is also controlled, and the atmospheric environment is protected. Therefore, the fuel oil emulsification technology is an energy-saving and environment-friendly technology with far-reaching social and economic benefits.
At present, the research on the emulsification technology of the heavy oil in water is more at home and abroad, and a certain progress is made, but the phenomena of high temperature, easy demulsification, short storage time, low oil saving rate and the like occur in the use process, and the emulsification of the heavy oil in water lacks of practical application guidance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the existing defects, the invention provides a marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and a preparation method thereof.
The invention takes the lipophilic hydrophilic balance value (HLB) and the synergistic effect of different surfactants as guidance, designs and configures the emulsifier for the marine heavy fuel oil, practices the emulsification process conditions and the stability thereof, and finally obtains the stable marine residue emulsified fuel oil, thereby achieving the purposes of energy saving and environmental protection.
And (4) selecting and matching an emulsifier. The stability of the emulsion is not only related to the continuous phase but also to the dispersed phase, the added amount of the dispersed phase and the particle size, and the choice of emulsifier is very critical. The surfactants are generally selected from both the lipophilic and hydrophilic balance HLB of the emulsifier and the synergistic effect between different surfactants. The smaller the HLB value is, the stronger the lipophilicity of the surfactant is, and the W/O type microemulsion is easy to form; otherwise, the hydrophilicity is strong. The HLB values of the surfactants required to form W/O microemulsions vary from fuel to fuel. Generally for W/O type, the HLB value is generally between 4 and 7; if the O/W type is formed, the HLB is generally between 7 and 18. For a specific oil product, the corresponding emulsifier needs to be determined according to the properties of the oil product. Therefore, the surfactants are selected from the HLB value of the fuel, and the synergistic effect between different surfactants is considered. In practical application, the existence form of the single emulsifier and the compound emulsifier is usually compounded by two or more surface agents, and the synergistic effect is strong. The emulsifier can be selected from ionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant. The ionic surfactant includes sodium salt and ammonium salt of long-chain fatty acid, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), etc., and the nonionic surfactant includes Span, Tween, fatty acid amide, dodecyl-polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, etc. The stability of the fuel microemulsion prepared by a single surfactant is poor, and the stability of the microemulsion can be improved by compounding two or more surfactants.
A co-surfactant. Generally, alcohol substances are mainly used for further reducing the interfacial tension, increasing the fluidity of an interfacial film and adjusting the HLB value of the surfactant. The cosurfactant can enter the surfactant molecules in the human interface film, reduce the rigidity of the interface film, increase the fluidity, reduce the bending energy required by emulsion formation and easily form emulsion. In addition, the total content of the active carbon can be greatly reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
And (3) other auxiliary agents. Electrolyte: during the formation of the emulsion, electrolyte (NH4NO3, NaCl, etc.) is added in proper amount to reduce the addition of surfactant and increase the efficiency of surfactant. Water cracking catalyst: the development trend of emulsion fuel oil is to add water cracking catalyst, such as metal salt solution of titanate and potassium permanganate, as catalyst while increasing the water content, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of fuel oil. Viscosity regulator: the viscosity of the system is adjusted, so that the atomization and combustion fluidity of the fuel oil are facilitated. Smoke suppressor: mainly organic barium compounds, can reduce the smoke emission of fuel oil and reduce the pollution to the environment.
Detailed Description
Compounding the surfactant: the emulsifier for emulsifying oil and water mainly comprises nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant and cationic surfactant, and is used in much ionic form, and the use of nonionic form is limited due to high price. But the nonionic surfactant has high stability, is not easily influenced by the existence of strong electrolyte and acid and alkali, can be mixed with other types of surfactants for use, and has good compatibility. The project is to select the needed emulsifier from the non-ionic surfactant, and to adopt the compound surfactant, and to take HLB of 4-7 as standard, the HLB value of the compound emulsifier is calculated as formula HLB ∑ i HLB × wi. The ionic surfactant is selected from long-chain fatty acid sodium salt and ammonium salt, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), etc., and the nonionic surfactant is selected from Span, Tween, fatty acid amide, dodecyl-polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, etc.
Cosurfactant: the cosurfactant is alcohol and is selected according to Bansal theoretical formula Ls ═ Lc + La. Wherein Ls is the carbon atom number of the surfactant molecule; lc-average number of carbon atoms in the fuel oil molecule; la is the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol molecule.
The water cracking catalyst is a metal salt solution, and the types and the adding amount of the metal salt are inspected.
The formula I comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.0-2.0% of carrageenin, 0.3-0.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5-3.5% of polysorbate, 0.3-0.5% of fatty alcohol, 0.3-0.5% of sodium sulfate, 18-20% of calcium hydroxide, 0.8-1.0% of ammonium nitrate and 70-72% of water.
The formula II comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.5% of carrageenin, 0.3-0.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3.5-4.5% of polysorbate, 0.3-0.5% of fatty alcohol, 0.8-1.0% of sodium sulfate, 16-18% of calcium hydroxide, 0.8-1.0% of sodium chloride and 70-72% of water.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, putting water and ammonium nitrate or sodium chloride into a container according to a certain proportion, stirring and mixing uniformly to prepare an electrolyte solution, and standing for 30 minutes; secondly, putting the electrolyte solution and calcium hydroxide in a container according to a proportion, uniformly stirring and standing for 30 minutes; thirdly, sequentially placing the carrageenin, the polyvinyl alcohol, the polysorbate, the fatty alcohol and the sodium sulfate in a container according to a proportion, stirring and uniformly mixing, and standing for 30 minutes; and finally, pouring the three mixed solutions into a container respectively, and standing for 60 minutes to prepare the emulsifier for the marine residual fuel oil.
Claims (10)
1. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier includes emulsifier, co-surfactant and other assistant and its preparation process.
2. The residual fuel oil emulsifier for ships and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises ionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, the ionic surfactant comprises long-chain fatty acid sodium salt and ammonium salt, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and the like; the nonionic surfactant comprises Span, Tween, fatty acid amide, dodecyl-polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, etc.; the fuel oil emulsion prepared by a single surfactant has poor stability, and the stability of the emulsion can be improved by compounding two or more surfactants; the surfactant is generally alcohol substances, and mainly has the functions of further reducing the interfacial tension, increasing the fluidity of an interfacial film and adjusting the HLB value of the surfactant.
3. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and the method for preparing the same according to claim 1, wherein the cosurfactant enters the surfactant molecules in the interfacial film, so that the rigidity of the interfacial film is reduced, the fluidity is increased, the bending energy required by emulsion formation is reduced, and the emulsion is easy to form; in addition, the total content of the sodium alginate can be greatly reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
4. The residual fuel oil emulsifier for ships and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is added in a proper amount during the formation of the emulsion, so that the addition amount of the surfactant can be reduced, and the efficiency of the surfactant can be increased.
5. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and the preparation method thereof according to claim 4, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a water cracking catalyst, and the emulsion fuel oil is added with the water cracking catalyst such as metal salt solution of titanate and potassium permanganate as the catalyst while the water content is increased, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel oil.
6. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and the preparation method thereof according to claim 4, wherein the other additives comprise a viscosity regulator, which can regulate the viscosity of the system and facilitate the atomization and combustion fluidity of the fuel oil.
7. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and the preparation method thereof according to claim 4, wherein other additives comprise a smoke suppressor, mainly organic barium compounds, which can reduce the smoke emission of fuel oil and reduce the pollution to the environment.
8. The bunker fuel oil emulsifier and the method for preparing the same as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein the formulation comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.0-2.0% of carrageenin, 0.3-0.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5-3.5% of polysorbate, 0.3-0.5% of fatty alcohol, 0.3-0.5% of sodium sulfate, 18-20% of calcium hydroxide, 0.8-1.0% of ammonium nitrate and 70-72% of water.
9. The bunker fuel oil emulsifier and the preparation method of the bunker fuel oil emulsifier according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein the formulation II comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.5% of carrageenin, 0.3-0.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 3.5-4.5% of polysorbate, 0.3-0.5% of fatty alcohol, 0.8-1.0% of sodium sulfate, 16-18% of calcium hydroxide, 0.8-1.0% of sodium chloride and 70-72% of water.
10. The marine residual fuel oil emulsifier and the preparation method according to claims 1, 8 and 9, the preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing electrolyte solution from water and ammonium nitrate or sodium chloride according to a proportion, stirring and uniformly mixing in a container, and standing for 30 minutes; secondly, proportionally placing the electrolyte solution and calcium hydroxide in a container, uniformly stirring and mixing, and standing for 30 minutes; thirdly, sequentially placing the carrageenin, the polyvinyl alcohol, the polysorbate, the fatty alcohol and the sodium sulfate in a container according to a proportion, stirring and uniformly mixing, and standing for 30 minutes; and finally, pouring the three mixed solutions into a container respectively, stirring and uniformly mixing, and standing for 60 minutes to prepare the emulsifier for the marine residual fuel oil.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115975686A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-18 | 秦皇岛天倪科技有限公司 | Preparation method and device of marine emulsified heavy oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115975686A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-18 | 秦皇岛天倪科技有限公司 | Preparation method and device of marine emulsified heavy oil |
| CN115975686B (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-05-23 | 秦皇岛天倪科技有限公司 | Marine emulsified heavy oil preparation method and device |
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