CN114951669B - Metal atomization diversion tundish device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal atomization diversion tundish device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114951669B CN114951669B CN202210686681.6A CN202210686681A CN114951669B CN 114951669 B CN114951669 B CN 114951669B CN 202210686681 A CN202210686681 A CN 202210686681A CN 114951669 B CN114951669 B CN 114951669B
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0832—Handling of atomising fluid, e.g. heating, cooling, cleaning, recirculating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal atomization diversion tundish device and an operation method thereof, which relate to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing equipment for additive manufacturing and comprise the following steps: the heat-insulating atomization unit is internally provided with a heat-insulating cavity for accommodating molten metal, and the upper end of the heat-insulating cavity is opened to form a liquid injection port; the heating unit can extend into the heat preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat preservation cavity; a sealing cover capable of sealing the cover and arranged on the liquid injection port; the pressurizing unit is arranged on the sealing cover in a penetrating way, and the pressurizing unit can introduce inert gas above the heat preservation cavity in a state that the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port. The metal atomization diversion tundish device can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by too fast temperature reduction of molten steel, and can solve the problem of reverse spraying of molten metal at the nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing equipment for additive manufacturing, in particular to a metal atomization diversion tundish device and an operation method thereof.
Background
The metal additive manufacturing technology (3D printing) is an advanced manufacturing technology, and compared with the traditional metal material manufacturing technology, the metal additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of near net shape, no cutting chips, short manufacturing period, good response capability to complex parts and the like. The raw material for manufacturing the metal additive is metal powder with a certain particle size range, and the metal powder is required to meet the requirements of pure chemical components, low oxygen content, high sphericity, good fluidity, good loose density and the like. The metal powder produced by adopting the vacuum gas atomization method can meet the requirements, and the basic principle of the method is that under the protection of inert gas, the molten metal flow is broken into small liquid drops by using high-pressure inert gas, and the small liquid drops are formed into the metal powder within a certain particle size range after flying and cooling. Among them, the vacuum induction melting inert gas atomization method (VIGA) adopting the vacuum tight coupling technology gradually becomes the mainstream industrial technology for preparing additive manufacturing metal powder due to the low kinetic energy loss of the inert gas and high metal powder yield.
However, the vacuum tight coupling technique generates strong interaction due to the fact that the metal liquid flow meets the high-pressure inert gas immediately after flowing out of the discharge spout, and the reverse spraying phenomenon easily occurs at the position of the discharge spout, so that atomization fails. In order to solve the problem, the thinner the leakage nozzle is, the generation of back spraying is reduced, the amount of molten steel flowing out per unit time is reduced, the gas-liquid ratio is improved, and the metal powder yield is further improved. However, the finer the tap, the smaller the amount of steel liquid to be discharged, and the faster the temperature of the molten metal decreases, and the problem of the tap clogging tends to occur. In order to further solve the problem, the prior art mainly improves the fluidity of molten steel and prevents leakage nozzle blockage by improving the temperature of the molten steel in a smelting crucible, but does not improve the structure and the heat preservation capability of a tundish, so that the temperature of the tundish is generally 1200-1300 ℃, the temperature of the molten steel smelted in the crucible is as high as 1600-1800 ℃, the great temperature difference greatly reduces the temperature of the molten steel, and the problem of leakage nozzle blockage caused by the reduction of the temperature of the molten steel cannot be well solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal atomization diversion tundish device which can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by too fast reduction of molten steel temperature and the problem of molten metal back spraying at the nozzle position, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a metal atomization diversion tundish device, which comprises:
the heat-insulating atomization unit is internally provided with a heat-insulating cavity for accommodating molten metal, and the upper end of the heat-insulating cavity is opened to form a liquid injection port;
the heating unit can extend into the heat preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat preservation cavity;
a sealing cover capable of sealing the cover and arranged on the liquid injection port;
the pressurizing unit is arranged on the sealing cover in a penetrating way, and the pressurizing unit can introduce inert gas above the heat preservation cavity in a state that the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of the heat-preserving atomization units is a plurality of; the metal atomization diversion intermediate package device comprises a first driving unit;
the first driving unit includes:
the movable first support body is provided with the heating unit;
The first linear driver can enable the first supporting body to move in the up-down direction so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat preservation cavity;
and the first rotary driver can enable the first supporting body to rotate in a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity, so that the heating unit can be respectively positioned above the heat preservation cavities of the heat preservation atomizing units.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing diversion tundish device comprises a second driving unit;
the second driving unit includes:
the movable second support body is provided with the sealing cover;
the second linear driver can enable the second support body to move up and down, so that the sealing cover can be sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port;
and the second rotary driver can rotate the second supporting body in a state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the sealing cover can be respectively positioned above the heat preservation cavities of the heat preservation atomizing units.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing diversion intermediate package device comprises a driving unit;
the driving unit includes:
the heating unit and the sealing cover are arranged on the supporting body at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the linear driver can enable the supporting body to move up and down so as to enable the heating unit to enter or leave the heat preservation cavity, or enable the sealing cover to be capable of sealing the cover and be arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port;
and the rotary driver can rotate the supporting body in a state that the heating unit leaves the heat-preserving cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the heating unit or the sealing cover is positioned above the heat-preserving cavity of the heat-preserving atomizing unit.
In a preferred embodiment, the first support body has a first cantilever portion formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof, and the heating unit is disposed on the first cantilever portion;
the first linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the first support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the first support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the drive of the hydraulic source;
The first rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a first gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a second gear in driving connection with the first support body, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear when the first support body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity, so that the first support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the second support body has a second cantilever portion formed by extending outwards from a side wall thereof, and the cover is disposed on the second cantilever portion;
the second linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the second support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the second support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the drive of the hydraulic source;
the second rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a third gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a fourth gear in driving connection with the second support body, and when the second support body moves upwards to a state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, so that the second support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the support body has third and fourth cantilever portions formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof and arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction, and the heating unit and the cover are respectively arranged on the third and fourth cantilever portions;
the linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the lower end of the support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a fifth gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a sixth gear in driving connection with the supporting body, wherein the fifth gear is meshed with the sixth gear when the supporting body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity and the sealing cover leaves the liquid filling opening, so that the supporting body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the periphery of the sealing cover is bent downwards, a pressurizing cavity communicated with the heat preservation cavity is formed around the middle part of the sealing cover, a sealing ring which can seal the sealing ring with the liquid injection port is arranged at the lower edge of the sealing cover, and a stop part which extends inwards from the inner wall of the sealing cover and is bent upwards is arranged inside the sealing cover;
The pressurizing unit includes:
a gas source for introducing the inert gas into the pressurized cavity;
an annular tube for transporting the inert gas;
the plurality of gas nozzles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular pipe, one end of each gas nozzle is communicated with the annular pipe, and the other end of each gas nozzle penetrates through the sealing cover to enter the pressurizing cavity and extends to the stopping part, so that the stopping part bears the impact pressure of inert gas sprayed from the gas nozzle.
In a preferred embodiment, the thermal insulation atomizing unit comprises:
the heat insulation cavity is formed in the tundish shell, the upper end of the tundish shell is opened to form the liquid injection port, and the bottom of the tundish shell is provided with the discharge port;
the graphite sleeve layer is sleeved on the outer side of the tundish shell, a first accommodating opening is formed in the bottom of the graphite sleeve layer, the periphery of the first accommodating opening extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part, and a second accommodating opening is formed in the heat transfer flange part;
the heating shell is sleeved on the outer side of the graphite sleeve layer, an electric heating coil for heating is arranged on the heating shell, an embedding opening is formed at the bottom of the heating shell, and the heat transfer flange part is correspondingly embedded in the embedding opening;
The guide sleeve is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell, penetrates through the first accommodating opening and the second accommodating opening, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is in contact with the inner walls of the first accommodating opening and the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the guide sleeve is penetrated in the axial direction to form a guide hole, the upper end of the guide hole is connected to the lower end of the discharge opening, the guide hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom towards the axis of the guide hole, and an installation opening is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve and the heat transfer flange part;
the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve, a mounting ring which is correspondingly embedded with the mounting opening is formed at the upper end of the nozzle, the outer wall of the mounting ring is in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the nozzle is axially penetrated to form an atomization opening, and the upper end of the atomization opening is connected with the lower end of the guide hole;
the atomizing disk is sleeved on the nozzle, a gas flow passage is formed in the atomizing disk along the radial direction, and the gas flow passage is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing port.
The invention further aims to provide an operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device, which is based on the metal atomization diversion tundish device, can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by too fast temperature reduction of molten steel and can solve the problem of back spraying of molten metal at the nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an operation method of a metal atomization diversion tundish device, which can be used for atomizing molten metal by the metal atomization diversion tundish device, and comprises the following steps of:
medium-frequency alternating current is fed into an electric heating coil on the heating shell, so that the electric heating coil heats and heats the tundish shell and the guide sleeve through the graphite sleeve layer;
the heating unit stretches into the heat preservation cavity of the tundish shell through the first driving unit so that the heating unit heats the heat preservation cavity;
detecting the temperature in the heat preservation cavity, and enabling the heating unit to leave the heat preservation cavity through the first driving unit when the temperature of the tundish shell reaches a preset heat preservation temperature;
enabling atomized gas to flow to the lower end of an atomizing port of the nozzle through a gas flow channel in the atomizing disk, and pouring molten metal into the heat-preserving cavity through a liquid injection port;
the second driving unit enables the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover and the liquid injection port to be sealed;
injecting inert gas into the pressurizing cavity of the sealing cover through the gas injection pipe of the pressurizing unit so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity is higher than the preset atomization pressure;
When the molten metal in the heat-preserving cavity is 20% remained, the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port through the second driving unit, and the molten metal is replenished into the heat-preserving cavity;
and the second driving unit is used for enabling the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port again, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover to be sealed with the liquid injection port.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device has heating and heat preservation capability, and meanwhile, the heat preservation atomizing unit also has the heating unit 2 which can extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 to directly heat the heat preservation cavity 111, and the heating unit 2 can directly heat the heat preservation cavity 111, so that the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 can be effectively improved, the temperature drop of molten metal liquid entering the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced, the temperature of the molten metal liquid flowing out of an atomizing port is higher, and agglomeration is not easy to generate, thereby well solving the problem of blockage when the molten metal liquid is atomized. The metal atomization diversion tundish device is also provided with the sealing cover 3 which can seal the sealing cover on the liquid injection port 112 and the pressurizing unit 4 which is arranged on the sealing cover 3 in a penetrating way, inert gas is introduced above the heat preservation cavity 111 through the pressurizing unit 4, so that certain air pressure is arranged above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111, the molten metal at the atomizing port has higher pressure, the molten metal sprayed from the atomizing port cannot be reversely pushed back into the atomizing port by the atomized air, the generation of a reverse spraying phenomenon is effectively reduced, the atomizing effect of the molten metal is improved, and the fine powder yield is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a metal atomizing diversion tundish apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the metal atomizing diversion tundish apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heat-preserving atomizing unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the metal atomizing diversion tundish apparatus, the sealing cover and the pressurizing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the metal atomizing diversion tundish apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, may be in communication with each other in two elements, may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediary, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Embodiment one:
the invention provides a metal atomization diversion tundish device which can be used for atomizing molten metal liquid to prepare metal particles with smaller particle size for metal additive manufacturing. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a metal atomizing and guiding tundish device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the heat-preserving atomization unit 1 is internally provided with a heat-preserving cavity 111 for containing molten metal, and the upper end of the heat-preserving cavity 111 is opened to form a liquid injection port 112; a heating unit 2 which can extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 through the liquid injection port 112, wherein the heating unit 2 is used for heating the heat preservation cavity 111; a cover 3 capable of sealing the cover and arranged on the liquid injection port 112; the pressurizing unit 4 is inserted into the cover 3, and the pressurizing unit 4 can introduce the inert gas into the upper side of the heat-insulating cavity 111 in a state that the cover 3 seals the cover on the liquid injection port 112.
When the molten metal is atomized, the tundish apparatus generally needs to have heating and heat-insulating capabilities in order to keep the molten metal melted in the crucible in a high-temperature molten state after entering the atomizing apparatus. The heat preservation and atomization unit 1 of the metal atomization and diversion tundish device of the embodiment has the heating and heat preservation capability, and the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111 is kept at the melting temperature by continuously heating. But only heats the heat insulation atomizing unit 1 from the outside of the heat insulation cavity 111, heat can be continuously emitted from the heat insulation cavity 111, and the actual temperature (generally about 1200 ℃) in the heat insulation cavity 111 is lower than the temperature of molten metal liquid smelted in a crucible, at this time, the temperature of the molten metal liquid gradually drops after entering the heat insulation cavity 111, and when the molten metal liquid flows out to an atomizing port and contacts atomizing gas with lower temperature in the subsequent atomizing process, condensed metal blocks are more likely to appear, the yield of atomized fine powder is reduced, even the atomizing port is blocked, the atomizing process is interrupted, and the production efficiency is affected. Therefore, in order to increase the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 and reduce the temperature difference between the heat preservation cavity 111 and the molten metal melted in the crucible, the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment is further provided with a heating unit 2 which can extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 to directly heat the heat preservation cavity 111, the heating unit 2 can be used for directly heating the heat preservation cavity 111, the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 can be effectively increased, and the temperature drop of the molten metal melted after entering the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced, so that the temperature of the molten metal melted after flowing out from an atomization port is higher, and condensation blocks are not easy to generate, thereby well solving the blocking problem of the molten metal melted during atomization.
In order to ensure that the atomization effect of the molten metal liquid is better, the higher fine powder receiving rate is obtained, the caliber of an atomization opening is generally smaller, and the smaller caliber atomization opening can ensure that the molten metal liquid flowing out in unit time is less, so that the impact of atomization gas on the molten metal liquid is stronger and more uniform, and the atomization effect of the molten metal liquid can be improved. But less molten metal flows out of the atomizing port with smaller caliber, and the atomized gas is caused to blow part of the flowed molten metal back into the atomizing port again, so that the reverse spraying phenomenon is caused, the production efficiency is reduced, the cooled molten metal is returned into the atomizing port again, and the coagulation is caused, so that the atomizing port is blocked, and the production efficiency is further reduced. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of reverse spraying of the atomizing port, the metal atomizing diversion tundish device of the embodiment further comprises a sealing cover 3 capable of sealing the sealing cover on the liquid injection port 112, and a pressurizing unit 4 penetrating through the sealing cover 3, inert gas is introduced into the upper part of the heat preservation cavity 111 through the pressurizing unit 4, so that a certain air pressure is formed above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111, the molten metal at the atomizing port has a larger pressure, the molten metal sprayed from the atomizing port is not pushed back into the atomizing port by the atomized air, the generation of the reverse spraying phenomenon is effectively reduced, the atomizing effect of the molten metal is improved, and the fine powder yield is further improved.
Specifically, the metal atomizing and guiding tundish device of the present embodiment can be used for atomizing different molten metal solutions, and thus different temperatures can be provided in the heat preservation chamber 111 by adjusting the heating time of the heating unit 2, and different air pressures can be provided above the liquid level of the molten metal solution in the heat preservation chamber 111 by adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing unit 4. For example, when the metal atomizing and guiding intermediate package device of this embodiment is used for preparing 316L stainless steel metal powder, before molten metal in a crucible is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111, the heat preservation cavity 111 should be heated together by the heating unit 2 and the heat preservation atomizing unit 1, so that the temperature of the heat preservation cavity 111 reaches 1520 ℃. When atomizing molten 316L stainless steel liquid, the pressure of the gas above the liquid surface should be set to 0.8MPa or more by the pressurizing means 4. For example, when the metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus of the present embodiment is used for preparing GH3230 alloy metal powder, the temperature of the insulating cavity 111 should be made to be above 1570 ℃ before the molten metal in the crucible is poured into the insulating cavity 111. When atomizing molten GH3230 alloy, the pressure above the liquid surface should be set to 0.9MPa or more by the pressurizing means 4. In addition, the inert gas introduced into the insulating cavity 111 is preferably argon, so as to achieve good oxidation protection of the molten metal, and the heating unit 2 may be a flame gun (as shown in fig. 1), an electrothermal coil (as shown in fig. 2), or other devices capable of rapidly heating the insulating cavity 111.
In order to further improve the heat preservation capability of the heat preservation cavity 111, so that the heating unit 2 can still continuously heat and preserve heat of the heat preservation cavity 111 after withdrawing from the heat preservation cavity 111, and perform atomization processing on molten metal, the structure of the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment has good heating and heat preservation effects and has the atomizing capability of molten metal. Referring to fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment, the thermal insulation atomizing unit 1 comprises: a tundish shell 11, wherein a heat preservation cavity 111 is formed in the tundish shell, a liquid injection port 112 is formed by opening the upper end of the tundish shell 11, and a discharge port 113 is formed at the bottom of the tundish shell 11; a graphite sheath layer 12 sleeved outside the tundish shell 11, wherein a first accommodating opening 121 is formed at the bottom of the graphite sheath layer 12, the periphery of the first accommodating opening 121 extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part 123, and a second accommodating opening 122 is formed inside the heat transfer flange part 123; a heating shell 13 sleeved outside the graphite sleeve layer 12, an electric heating coil 131 for heating is arranged on the heating shell 13, an embedding opening 132 is formed at the bottom of the heating shell 13, and a heat transfer flange 123 is correspondingly embedded in the embedding opening 132; the guide sleeve 14 is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell 11, the guide sleeve 14 is penetrated in the first accommodating port 121 and the second accommodating port 122, the outer wall of the guide sleeve 14 is contacted with the inner walls of the first accommodating port 121 and the second accommodating port 122, the middle part of the guide sleeve 14 is penetrated in the axial direction to form a guide hole 141, the upper end of the guide hole 141 is connected at the lower end of the discharge port 113, the guide hole 141 is gradually reduced from top to bottom towards the axis, and an installation port is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve 14 and the heat transfer flange part 123; a nozzle 15 provided at the lower end of the guide sleeve 14, wherein a mounting ring 151 corresponding to the mounting opening is formed at the upper end of the nozzle 15, the outer wall of the mounting ring 151 is in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating opening 122, the middle part of the nozzle 15 is penetrated in the axial direction to form an atomizing opening 152, and the upper end of the atomizing opening 152 is connected to the lower end of the guide hole 141; the atomizing disk 16 is sleeved on the nozzle 15, a gas flow channel 161 is formed in the atomizing disk 16 along the radial direction, and the gas flow channel 161 is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing port 152.
By placing the molten metal in the heat-insulating chamber 111 formed by the tundish casing 11, the graphite jacket 12 having uniform heat conduction is provided outside the tundish casing 11, and the heating casing 13 having the electric heating coil 131 is provided outside the graphite jacket 12, the heat-insulating chamber 111 can be continuously and uniformly heated. Before molten metal is poured into the heat-preserving cavity 111, the heat-preserving cavity 111 is heated only by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13, so that the defects of insufficient temperature and the like are generated, the heat-preserving cavity 111 needs to be heated simultaneously by the heating unit 2, and when the heat-preserving cavity 111 reaches a sufficient temperature and contains molten metal, the upper end of the heat-preserving cavity 111 is sealed by the sealing cover 3 at the same time, and the heat dissipation of the molten metal is very slow, so that the molten metal in the heat-preserving cavity 111 can be kept at the original temperature only by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13. A guide sleeve 14 is provided between the discharge port 113 at the bottom of the tundish casing 11 and the nozzle 15, a guide hole 141 for guiding the molten metal is provided in the guide sleeve 14, and the guide hole 141 is tapered from top to bottom toward the axis thereof, so that the molten metal can smoothly flow to the nozzle 15 under the guide of the guide hole 141 in the guide sleeve 14. In addition, since the guide sleeve 14 is inserted into the graphite sleeve layer 12, and the guide sleeve 14 is disposed in contact with the graphite sleeve layer 12, the heat generated by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating housing 13 can be transferred to the guide sleeve 14 through the graphite sleeve layer 12, so that the molten metal still can be kept in a high-temperature molten state when flowing into the guide sleeve 14, and the nozzle 15 is correspondingly embedded at the mounting opening formed by the graphite sleeve layer 12 and the guide sleeve 14 through the mounting ring 151 at the upper end of the nozzle 15 and is disposed in contact with the graphite sleeve layer 12 and the guide sleeve 14, so that the nozzle 15 can obtain the heat generated by the electric heating coil 131 under the transfer of the graphite sleeve layer 12, thereby further ensuring the high-temperature molten state of the molten metal. When the molten metal flows out from the atomizing port 152 of the nozzle 15, the molten metal is immediately contacted with the atomized gas flowing out from the gas flow channel 161 of the atomizing disk 16 at a high speed, the molten metal is atomized into a plurality of small droplets under the impact of the atomized gas, and the droplets are cooled and solidified into metal particles with smaller particle size when falling, so that the metal particles meeting the particle size requirement are reserved and become metal powder for metal additive manufacturing.
Specifically, the tundish shell 11 may be integrally cast from a high-temperature resistant material such as high alumina or mullite self-casting material, and the inner wall of the tundish shell 11 may be further coated with a high-temperature resistant plate made of a high-temperature resistant material such as siliceous, magnesia, or forsterite, or a high-temperature resistant coating made of a high-temperature resistant material such as magnesia, magnesia-chromite, or magnesia-calcia. The graphite jacket layer 12 is made of a graphite material to ensure good heat conduction, and the guide sleeve 14 is also made of a graphite material to conduct heat well from the graphite jacket layer 12. The heating housing 13 is also made of a heat-resistant material to withstand the high heat of the electric heating coil 131. In order to make the guide hole 141 of the guide sleeve 14 better guide the flow of the molten metal, the diameter of the upper end of the guide hole 141 is the same as that of the discharge port 113 of the tundish housing 11, and the diameter of the lower end of the guide hole 141 is the same as that of the atomizing port 152 of the nozzle 15, so that the molten metal can flow out more smoothly. Further, it is preferable that the main component of the atomizing gas flowing out from the gas flow channel 161 of the atomizing disk 16 is argon gas to prevent the molten metal from being oxidized.
In the molten metal atomizing process, in order to prevent the occurrence of the back spray phenomenon, it is necessary to seal the molten metal injection port 112 by the cap 3 and to charge air above the liquid surface of the molten metal by the pressurizing means 4. To achieve this, referring to fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the periphery of the cover 3 is bent downward, and a pressurizing cavity 31 communicating with the heat preservation cavity 111 is formed around the middle of the cover 3, a sealing ring 32 capable of sealing between the sealing ring and the liquid filling port 112 is provided at the lower edge of the cover 3, and a stop portion 33 extending inward from the inner wall of the cover 3 and formed by bending upward is provided inside the cover 3; the pressurizing unit 4 includes: a gas source 41 for introducing an inert gas into the pressurized cavity 31; an annular tube 42 for conveying inert gas; the plurality of gas spraying pipes 43 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe 42, one end of each gas spraying pipe 43 is communicated with the annular pipe 42, and the other end of each gas spraying pipe 43 penetrates through the sealing cover 3 to enter the pressurizing cavity 31 and extends to the position of the corresponding stopping part 33, so that the stopping part 33 bears the impact pressure of inert gas sprayed from the gas spraying pipe 43.
The pressurizing chamber 31 is formed by bending the cover 3, so that a certain space is formed above the liquid surface of the molten metal liquid without affecting the molten metal liquid reserve of the thermal insulation atomizing unit 1, and a pressure is generated by charging gas. By the seal ring 32 at the lower edge of the cover 3, good sealing performance of the pressurizing chamber 31 can be ensured, and the gas filled in the pressurizing chamber can be prevented from leaking to reach the expected gas pressure. The inside of the cover 3 is also provided with a stop part 33, when the high-speed air flow is filled into the pressurizing cavity 31 through the air injection pipe 43, the stop part 33 is firstly impacted, so that the high-speed air flow is prevented from directly jetting to the liquid level of the molten metal liquid to cause splashing of metal liquid drops, and the waste of materials is caused. The pressure of the charged gas in the pressurizing chamber 31, i.e., above the liquid surface of the molten metal, is gradually increased, so that the molten metal is more likely to flow out of the atomizing port 152 without being affected by the atomized gas to cause a problem of back spray.
Specifically, the number of the gas nozzles 43 communicating with the annular tube 42 may be 4 to 16 to uniformly and rapidly charge the pressurizing chamber 31 with the gas. The gas charged into the pressurizing chamber 31 may be argon gas to prevent the molten metal from being oxidized. The sealing ring 32 between the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112 can be a metal sealing ring, the metal sealing ring has stable performance in a high temperature state, and is influenced by the thermal expansion and contraction effect, and can be further expanded to enable the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112 to have better sealing.
In order to accelerate the execution speed of each process in the production process, so as to improve the production efficiency and further improve the heat preservation effect of molten metal, the heating unit 2 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device and the sealing cover 3 provided with the pressurizing unit 4 are arranged on a movable mechanical structure, so that the rapid process flow conversion can be realized under the drive of the mechanical structure, and the single heating unit 2 or the single pressurizing unit 4 can be used for a plurality of different heat preservation atomizing units 1 in a time-sharing manner. Referring to fig. 1, in a possible preferred embodiment, the number of thermal insulation atomizing units 1 is plural; the metal atomization diversion intermediate package device comprises a first driving unit 5; the first driving unit 5 includes: a movable first support body 51, the heating unit 2 being provided on the first support body 51; a first linear actuator 52, the first linear actuator 52 being capable of moving the first support 51 in the up-down direction so that the heating unit 2 can enter or leave the heat preservation chamber 111; the first rotary driver 53 can rotate the first support body 51 in a state where the heating unit 2 is separated from the heat preservation chamber 111, so that the heating unit 2 can be positioned above the heat preservation chambers 111 of the plurality of heat preservation and atomization units 1, respectively.
By arranging the heating unit 2 on the first support 51 of the first driving unit 5, the movement of the heating unit 2 can be conveniently controlled, avoiding the risk of manual operation of high temperature devices. After the heating unit 2 heats the heat preservation cavity 111 to the ideal temperature, the heating unit 2 should be taken out as soon as possible, and the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111, and the first driving unit 5 drives the heating unit 2, so that the conversion time between the process flows can be reduced, and the heat dissipation of the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced. In addition, through the cooperation of the first linear driver 52 and the first rotary driver 53 of the first driving unit 5, the heating unit 2 can be rotated and lowered into another heat preservation cavity 111 to be heated after leaving one heated heat preservation cavity 111 through high lifting, so that a single heating unit 2 can be used for time-sharing heating of a plurality of heat preservation cavities 111, energy loss caused by idle or repeated on-off of the heating unit 2 is reduced, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the first linear actuator 52 may be a linear motor, a worm gear pair structure, or a hydraulic drive, etc., and the first rotary actuator 53 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, etc., so that the first support body 51 provided with the heating unit 2 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The first support 51 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the first support 51 has a first cantilever portion 511 formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof, and the heating unit 2 is disposed on the first cantilever portion 511; the first linear actuator 52 includes a hydraulic source 521 and a hydraulic cylinder 522, and the lower end of the first supporting body 51 extends into the hydraulic cylinder 522 so that the first supporting body 51 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder 522 by the driving of the hydraulic source 521; the first rotary driver 53 includes a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a first gear 531 in driving connection with the main shaft, and a second gear 532 in driving connection with the first support 51, and in a state where the first support 51 moves upward to the heating unit 2 out of the heat preservation chamber 111, the first gear 531 is engaged with the second gear 532 so that the first support 51 can be rotated by the motor.
The first supporting body 51 and the heating unit 2 fixed on the first supporting body 51 are driven by the hydraulic system with strong bearing capacity, so that the heating unit 2 can stably and rapidly enter or leave the heat preservation cavity 111, and meanwhile, the first supporting body 51 can be positioned by the hydraulic cylinder 522, so that the first supporting body 51 can conveniently rotate under the driving of the motor. When the heating unit 2 is in the heat preservation cavity 111, the first gear 531 and the second gear 532 are in a disengaged state, at this time, the first support body 51 can not be driven by the motor, the first gear 531 can be meshed with the second gear 532 only after the electric heating unit is completely separated from the heat preservation cavity 111, and the first support body 51 can be driven by the motor to have rotary motion, so that when the motor is started due to misoperation, the heating unit 2 is driven to touch the inner wall of the heat preservation cavity 111, damage of equipment is prevented, and the heat preservation atomization unit 1 can be prevented from being influenced by external force to skew or even topple over, and serious accidents are caused.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source 521 that can move the first support 51 in the up-down direction can be controlled by a worker, or can be controlled by an automatic industrial control program, and likewise, the start and stop of the motor that can rotate the first support 51 can be controlled by a worker, or can be controlled by an automatic industrial control program, so as to realize an automatic process flow, reduce manual operations, and improve production efficiency.
Similarly, referring to fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus includes a second driving unit 6; the second driving unit 6 includes: a movable second support 61, the cover 3 being disposed on the second support 61; a second linear actuator 62, the second linear actuator 62 being capable of moving the second support body 61 in the up-down direction so that the cap 3 can be sealed on the liquid inlet 112 or separated from the liquid inlet 112; the second rotary driver 63 can rotate the second support body 61 in a state that the cover 3 is separated from the liquid filling port 112, so that the cover 3 can be respectively positioned above the heat preservation cavities 111 of the plurality of heat preservation and atomization units 1.
By arranging the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 on the second support 61 of the second driving unit 6, the movement of the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be conveniently controlled, avoiding the risk of manual operation of high temperature devices. After the heating unit 2 heats the insulating cavity 111 to a desired temperature and the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the insulating cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 should be sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port 112 of the insulating cavity 111 as soon as possible. The second driving unit 6 drives the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4, so that the conversion time between the process flows can be reduced, and the heat dissipation of the heat preservation cavity 111 can be reduced. In addition, by the cooperation of the second linear driver 62 and the second rotary driver 63 of the second driving unit 6, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be separated from one heat-preserving atomizing unit 1 which is used for atomizing molten metal liquid through high lifting, and can rotate and descend to be combined with the other heat-preserving atomizing unit 1 which is used for atomizing molten metal liquid, so that a single sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be used for pressurizing a plurality of heat-preserving cavities 111 in a time sharing way, the time waste caused by idle of the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 is reduced, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the second linear actuator 62 may be a linear motor, a worm gear pair structure, or a hydraulic drive, etc., and the second rotary actuator 63 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, etc., so that the second support body 61 provided with the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The second support 61 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the second support 61 has a second cantilever portion 611 formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof, and the cover 3 is disposed on the second cantilever portion 611; the second linear actuator 62 includes a hydraulic source 621 and a hydraulic cylinder 622, and the lower end of the second support body 61 extends into the hydraulic cylinder 622 so that the second support body 61 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder 622 under the driving of the hydraulic source 621; the second rotary driver 63 includes a motor, a spindle in driving connection with the motor, a third gear 631 in driving connection with the spindle, and a fourth gear 632 in driving connection with the second support 61, and the third gear 631 meshes with the fourth gear 632 in a state in which the second support 61 moves upward until the cap 3 is separated from the liquid filling port 112, so that the second support 61 can be rotated by the motor.
The second supporting body 61, the sealing cover 3 fixed on the second supporting body 61 and the pressurizing unit 4 are driven by a hydraulic system with strong bearing capacity, so that the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be stably and rapidly covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111 or separated from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, and meanwhile, the second supporting body 61 can be positioned by the hydraulic cylinder 622, and the second supporting body 61 can be conveniently rotated under the driving of a motor. When the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the third gear 631 and the fourth gear 632 are in a disengaged state, at this time, the second supporting body 61 is not driven by a motor, and only after the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are completely disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the third gear 631 is engaged with the fourth gear 632, the second supporting body 61 can be driven by the motor to have a rotary motion, so that when the motor is started due to misoperation, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are driven to be disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, damage of equipment and exposure and oxidization of molten metal liquid are prevented, and the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 can be prevented from being skewed or even toppled over due to external force influence, thereby causing serious accidents.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source 621 that enables the second support body 61 to move in the up-down direction may be manually controlled by a worker, or may be controlled by an automated industrial control program, and likewise, the start and stop of the motor that enables the second support body 61 to rotate may be manually controlled by a worker, or may be controlled by an automated industrial control program, so as to implement an automated process flow, reduce manual operations, and improve production efficiency.
In order to accelerate the execution speed of each process in the production process, improve the production efficiency and reduce the redundancy of equipment, the heating unit 2 and the sealing cover 3 provided with the pressurizing unit 4 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment can be simultaneously connected to the same movable mechanical structure, the rapid process flow conversion is realized under the drive of the mechanical structure, and the single heating unit 2 or the single pressurizing unit 4 can be only used for the same heat-preserving atomizing unit 1, so that the continuous process flow speed of the single heat-preserving atomizing unit 1 is improved. Referring to fig. 5, in another possible preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing diversion intermediate package comprises a driving unit 7; the driving unit 7 includes: a movable support 71, the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 being circumferentially arranged on the support 71 at intervals; a linear driver 72, the linear driver 72 being capable of moving the supporting body 71 in the up-down direction so that the heating unit 2 can enter or leave the heat preservation chamber 111, or the closing cap 3 can be sealed to be provided on the liquid filling port 112 or to be separated from the liquid filling port 112; the rotation driver 73 can rotate the support body 71 in a state that the heating unit 2 is separated from the heat preservation chamber 111 and the cover 3 is separated from the liquid filling port 112, so that the heating unit 2 or the cover 3 is positioned above the heat preservation chamber 111 of the heat preservation atomizing unit 1.
By arranging the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 on the supporting body 71 of the driving unit 7 at the same time, the movement of the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 can be conveniently controlled, and the danger of manually operating the high temperature device is avoided. After the heating unit 2 heats the heat preservation cavity 111 to the ideal temperature, the heating unit 2 should be taken out as soon as possible, the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are arranged on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111 as soon as possible, and the driving unit 7 drives the heating unit 2 and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4, so that the conversion time between the technological processes can be reduced, and the heat loss of the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced. In addition, through the cooperation of the linear driver 72 and the rotary driver 73 of the driving unit 7, after the heating unit 2 completes heating the heat preservation cavity 111, the heated heat preservation cavity 111 is separated through the height lifting, the rotary driver 73 immediately rotates the heating unit 2 to be separated, simultaneously rotates the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 to the upper part of the heat preservation cavity 111, and then the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111 through the height lowering, so that the heat preservation cavity 111 can be rapidly switched between a heating process and an atomizing process, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the linear actuator 72 may be a linear motor, a worm gear pair structure, or a hydraulic drive, etc., and the rotary actuator 73 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, etc., so that the support body 71 provided with the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The support 71 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the support body 71 has third and fourth cantilever parts 711 and 712 formed to extend outwardly from the side walls thereof, and disposed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 are disposed on the third and fourth cantilever parts 711 and 712, respectively; the linear driver 72 includes a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the support body 71 extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the support body 71 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the drive of the hydraulic source; the rotary driver 73 includes a motor, a spindle in driving connection with the motor, a fifth gear 731 in driving connection with the spindle, and a sixth gear 732 in driving connection with the support body 71, and in a state where the support body 71 moves upward until the heating unit 2 leaves the heat-retaining chamber 111 and the cap 3 is separated from the pouring port 112, the fifth gear 731 is engaged with the sixth gear 732 so that the support body 71 can be rotated by the motor.
The support body 71, the heating unit 2 fixed on the support body 71 and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 are driven by a hydraulic system with strong bearing capacity, so that the heating unit 2 can stably and rapidly enter or leave the heat preservation cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 can be stably and rapidly arranged on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111 or can be separated from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, and meanwhile, the support body 71 can be positioned by a hydraulic cylinder, so that the support body 71 can conveniently rotate under the driving of a motor. When the pressurizing unit 4 is in the heat preservation cavity 111, or the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the fifth gear 731 and the sixth gear 732 are in a disengaged state, at this time, the supporting body 71 cannot be driven by a motor, and only after the heating unit 2 is completely separated from the heat preservation cavity 111, and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is completely disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the fifth gear 731 is engaged with the sixth gear 732, and the supporting body 71 can be driven by the motor to have a rotating motion, so that when the motor is started due to misoperation, the pressurizing unit 4 touches the inner wall of the heat preservation cavity 111, or the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is driven to be disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, thereby preventing damage of equipment and exposed oxidation of molten metal, and further preventing the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 from being influenced by external force to incline or even topple over, causing serious accidents.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source capable of moving the support body 71 in the up-down direction can be manually controlled by a worker, or can be controlled by an automatic industrial control program, and likewise, the start and stop of the motor capable of rotating the support body 71 can be manually controlled by the worker, or can be controlled by the automatic industrial control program, so that an automatic process flow is realized, manual operation is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.
Embodiment two:
the invention further aims to provide an operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device, which is based on the metal atomization diversion tundish device, can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by too fast temperature reduction of molten steel and can solve the problem of back spraying of molten metal at the nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder. The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides an operation method of a metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus, which can be used for atomizing molten metal by using the metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus, comprising the following steps: medium-frequency alternating current is supplied to the electric heating coil 131 on the heating shell 13, so that the electric heating coil 131 heats and heats the tundish shell 11 and the guide sleeve 14 through the graphite sleeve layer 12; the heating unit 2 is extended into the heat preservation cavity 111 of the tundish shell 11 through the first driving unit 5, so that the heating unit 2 heats the heat preservation cavity 111; detecting the temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111, and when the temperature of the tundish shell 11 reaches the preset heat preservation temperature, enabling the heating unit 2 to leave the heat preservation cavity 111 through the first driving unit 5; the atomized gas flows to the lower end of an atomizing port 152 of the nozzle 15 through a gas flow channel 161 in the atomizing disk 16, and molten metal is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111 through a liquid injection port 112; the second driving unit 6 enables the sealing cover 3 to be arranged on the liquid injection port 112 in a covering way, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112 to be sealed; injecting an inert gas into the pressurizing chamber 31 of the cover 3 through the gas injection pipe 43 of the pressurizing unit 4 so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat-retaining chamber 111 is higher than a preset atomization pressure; when the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111 is 20%, the second driving unit 6 enables the sealing cover 3 to leave the liquid injection port 112, and the molten metal is replenished in the heat preservation cavity 111; the second driving unit 6 is used for enabling the sealing cover 3 to cover the liquid filling port 112, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover 3 and the liquid filling port 112 to be sealed.
When the molten metal is atomized, the molten metal melted in the crucible still keeps a high-temperature molten state after entering the atomizing equipment, if the molten metal is heated from the outside of the heat preservation cavity 111 only through the heat preservation atomizing unit 1, heat can be continuously emitted from the heat preservation cavity 111, and the actual temperature (generally about 1200 ℃) in the heat preservation cavity 111 is lower than the temperature of the molten metal melted in the crucible, at this time, the temperature of the molten metal gradually drops after entering the heat preservation cavity 111, and when the subsequent atomizing process is carried out, when the molten metal flows out to the atomizing port 152 and contacts with the atomizing gas with lower temperature, the coagulated metal blocks are more likely to appear, so that the atomized fine powder yield drops, even the atomizing port 152 is blocked, the atomizing process is interrupted, and the production efficiency is affected. In addition, in order to make the atomization effect of the molten metal better, and obtain higher fine powder receiving rate, the caliber of the atomization opening 152 is generally smaller, and the smaller caliber atomization opening 152 can make the molten metal flowing out in unit time less, so that the impact of the atomization gas on the molten metal is stronger and more uniform, and the atomization effect of the molten metal can be improved. But less molten metal flows out through the smaller-caliber atomizing port 152, and the atomized gas is caused to blow part of the molten metal which flows out back into the atomizing port 152, so that the back spraying phenomenon is caused, the production efficiency is reduced, the cooled molten metal is returned into the atomizing port 152 again, and the agglomeration is caused, so that the atomizing port 152 is blocked, and the production efficiency is further reduced.
The operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for atomizing molten metal, so that the problems can be effectively solved, and the production efficiency of atomized molten metal into powder can be improved. The electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13 generates heat and transmits the heat to the heat preservation cavity 111 and the guide sleeve 14 in the tundish shell 11 through the graphite sleeve layer 12, and meanwhile, the first driving unit 5 enables the heating unit 2 to extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 of the tundish shell 11, so that the heating unit 2 heats the heat preservation cavity 111, the inside and the outside of the heat preservation cavity 111 can be heated simultaneously, a higher ideal temperature can be achieved, the temperature difference between the heating unit and molten metal is reduced, and the molten metal is prevented from being cooled too quickly. When the temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 reaches the preset heat preservation temperature, the heating unit 2 is separated from the heat preservation cavity 111 through the first driving unit 5, then molten metal is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111 through the liquid injection port 112, the sealing cover 3 is arranged on the liquid injection port 112 through the second driving unit 6, and pretightening force is applied, so that the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112 are sealed, the process of entering the molten metal into the heat preservation cavity 111 can be completed rapidly under the driving of mechanical movement, and the molten metal can be further prevented from being cooled too rapidly. After the sealing cover 3 is arranged on the liquid injection port 112 in a sealing manner, inert gas is injected into the pressurizing cavity 31 of the sealing cover 3 through the air injection pipe 43 of the pressurizing unit 4, so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111 is higher than the preset atomization pressure, and the molten metal can be stably sprayed out of the atomization port 152 under the action of the preset atomization pressure, and is not easy to be disturbed by the atomization gas to generate a back spraying phenomenon. When 20% of the molten metal remains in the heat-retaining chamber 111, the second driving unit 6 moves the cover 3 away from the pouring port 112, and the molten metal is replenished into the heat-retaining chamber 111, so that the atomizing port 152 is prevented from being blocked due to the low temperature of the remaining molten metal. After the molten metal is replenished, the second driving unit 6 is used to cover the sealing cover 3 on the liquid injection port 112, and a pretightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112, so that the atomization process operation is realized.
Specifically, the preset heat preservation temperature and the preset atomization pressure depend on the material of the molten metal liquid to be atomized, for example, when the molten metal liquid is 316L stainless steel, the preset heat preservation temperature is 1520 ℃, the preset atomization pressure is 0.8MPa, and when the molten metal liquid is GH3230 alloy, the preset heat preservation temperature is 1570 ℃ and the preset atomization pressure is 0.9MPa. When molten metal is added into the heat preservation cavity 111, the temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 can be detected, and if the temperature is lower than the preset heat preservation temperature, the heating unit 2 can be made to enter the heat preservation cavity 111 again through the first driving unit 5 so as to be heated to the preset heat preservation temperature again.
The foregoing is only a few embodiments of the present invention and those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may make numerous changes and modifications to the embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Claims (9)
1. A metal atomizing and guiding tundish device, which is characterized by comprising:
the heat-insulating atomization unit is internally provided with a heat-insulating cavity for accommodating molten metal, the upper end of the heat-insulating cavity is opened to form a liquid injection port, the heat-insulating atomization unit comprises a nozzle, and the middle part of the nozzle is axially penetrated to form an atomization port;
the heating unit can extend into the heat preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat preservation cavity;
a sealing cover capable of sealing the cover and arranged on the liquid injection port;
the pressurizing unit is penetrated on the sealing cover, and can introduce inert gas above the heat preservation cavity in a state that the sealing cover of the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port, so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity is higher than the preset atomization pressure, and the molten metal sprayed from the atomization port cannot be reversely pushed back into the atomization port by the atomization gas;
the periphery of the sealing cover is bent downwards, a pressurizing cavity communicated with the heat preservation cavity is formed around the middle part of the sealing cover, a sealing ring which can seal the sealing ring with the liquid injection port is arranged at the lower edge of the sealing cover, and a stop part which extends inwards from the inner wall of the sealing cover and is bent upwards is arranged in the sealing cover;
The pressurizing unit includes:
a gas source for introducing the inert gas into the pressurized cavity;
an annular tube for transporting the inert gas;
the plurality of gas nozzles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the annular pipe, one end of each gas nozzle is communicated with the annular pipe, and the other end of each gas nozzle penetrates through the sealing cover to enter the pressurizing cavity and extends to the stopping part, so that the stopping part bears the impact pressure of inert gas sprayed from the gas nozzle.
2. The metal atomizing and guiding tundish device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the heat preservation atomizing units is a plurality of; the metal atomization diversion intermediate package device comprises a first driving unit;
the first driving unit includes:
the movable first support body is provided with the heating unit;
the first linear driver can enable the first supporting body to move in the up-down direction so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat preservation cavity;
and the first rotary driver can enable the first supporting body to rotate in a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity, so that the heating unit can be respectively positioned above the heat preservation cavities of the heat preservation atomizing units.
3. The metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus comprises a second driving unit;
the second driving unit includes:
the movable second support body is provided with the sealing cover;
the second linear driver can enable the second support body to move up and down, so that the sealing cover can be sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port;
and the second rotary driver can rotate the second supporting body in a state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the sealing cover can be respectively positioned above the heat preservation cavities of the heat preservation atomizing units.
4. The metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus comprises a driving unit;
the driving unit includes:
the heating unit and the sealing cover are arranged on the supporting body at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the linear driver can enable the supporting body to move up and down so as to enable the heating unit to enter or leave the heat preservation cavity, or enable the sealing cover to be capable of sealing the cover and be arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port;
And the rotary driver can rotate the supporting body in a state that the heating unit leaves the heat-preserving cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the heating unit or the sealing cover is positioned above the heat-preserving cavity of the heat-preserving atomizing unit.
5. The metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first support body has a first cantilever portion formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof, and the heating unit is provided on the first cantilever portion;
the first linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the first support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the first support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the drive of the hydraulic source;
the first rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a first gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a second gear in driving connection with the first support body, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear when the first support body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity, so that the first support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
6. A metal atomizing and deflector tundish apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein said second support body has a second cantilever portion extending outwardly from a sidewall thereof, said closure being disposed on said second cantilever portion;
the second linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the second support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the second support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the drive of the hydraulic source;
the second rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a third gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a fourth gear in driving connection with the second support body, and when the second support body moves upwards to a state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, so that the second support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
7. The metal atomizing and deflector tundish apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said support body has third and fourth cantilever portions formed to extend outwardly from a side wall thereof and arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction, said heating unit and said cover being provided on said third and fourth cantilever portions, respectively;
The linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the lower end of the support body stretches into the hydraulic cylinder so that the support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in driving connection with the motor, a fifth gear in driving connection with the main shaft, and a sixth gear in driving connection with the supporting body, wherein the fifth gear is meshed with the sixth gear when the supporting body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity and the sealing cover leaves the liquid filling opening, so that the supporting body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
8. The metal atomizing and guiding tundish apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat-preserving atomizing unit comprises:
the heat insulation cavity is formed in the tundish shell, the upper end of the tundish shell is opened to form the liquid injection port, and the bottom of the tundish shell is provided with the discharge port;
the graphite sleeve layer is sleeved on the outer side of the tundish shell, a first accommodating opening is formed in the bottom of the graphite sleeve layer, the periphery of the first accommodating opening extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part, and a second accommodating opening is formed in the heat transfer flange part;
The heating shell is sleeved on the outer side of the graphite sleeve layer, an electric heating coil for heating is arranged on the heating shell, an embedding opening is formed at the bottom of the heating shell, and the heat transfer flange part is correspondingly embedded in the embedding opening;
the guide sleeve is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell, penetrates through the first accommodating opening and the second accommodating opening, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is in contact with the inner walls of the first accommodating opening and the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the guide sleeve is penetrated in the axial direction to form a guide hole, the upper end of the guide hole is connected to the lower end of the discharge opening, the guide hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom towards the axis of the guide hole, and an installation opening is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve and the heat transfer flange part;
the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve, a mounting ring which is correspondingly embedded with the mounting opening is formed at the upper end of the nozzle, the outer wall of the mounting ring is in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the nozzle is axially penetrated to form an atomization opening, and the upper end of the atomization opening is connected with the lower end of the guide hole;
the atomizing disk is sleeved on the nozzle, a gas flow passage is formed in the atomizing disk along the radial direction, and the gas flow passage is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing port.
9. A method of operating a metal atomizing and guiding tundish means for atomizing molten metal by means of a metal atomizing and guiding tundish means according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 6, 8, characterized in that the metal atomizing and guiding tundish means comprises a first drive unit and a second drive unit, the method of operating the metal atomizing and guiding tundish means comprising the steps of:
medium-frequency alternating current is fed into an electric heating coil on the heating shell, so that the electric heating coil heats and heats the tundish shell and the guide sleeve through the graphite sleeve layer;
the heating unit stretches into the heat preservation cavity of the tundish shell through the first driving unit so that the heating unit heats the heat preservation cavity;
detecting the temperature in the heat preservation cavity, and enabling the heating unit to leave the heat preservation cavity through the first driving unit when the temperature of the tundish shell reaches a preset heat preservation temperature;
enabling atomized gas to flow to the lower end of an atomizing port of the nozzle through a gas flow channel in the atomizing disk, and pouring molten metal into the heat-preserving cavity through a liquid injection port;
the second driving unit enables the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover and the liquid injection port to be sealed;
Injecting inert gas into the pressurizing cavity of the sealing cover through the gas injection pipe of the pressurizing unit so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity is higher than the preset atomization pressure;
when the molten metal in the heat-preserving cavity is 20% remained, the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port through the second driving unit, and the molten metal is replenished into the heat-preserving cavity;
and the second driving unit is used for enabling the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port again, and pretightening force is applied to enable the sealing cover to be sealed with the liquid injection port.
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