CN114951669A - Metal atomization flow guide tundish device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal atomization flow guide tundish device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114951669A CN114951669A CN202210686681.6A CN202210686681A CN114951669A CN 114951669 A CN114951669 A CN 114951669A CN 202210686681 A CN202210686681 A CN 202210686681A CN 114951669 A CN114951669 A CN 114951669A
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0832—Handling of atomising fluid, e.g. heating, cooling, cleaning, recirculating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal atomization and flow guide tundish device and an operation method thereof, which relate to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing equipment for additive manufacturing and comprise the following steps: the device comprises a heat preservation atomization unit, a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet, wherein a heat preservation cavity for containing molten metal is formed in the heat preservation atomization unit, and the upper end of the heat preservation cavity is opened to form the liquid injection port; the heating unit can extend into the heat-preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat-preservation cavity; the sealing cover can be arranged on the liquid injection port in a sealing manner; the pressurizing unit penetrates through the sealing cover, and the pressurizing unit can introduce inert gas to the upper part of the heat-preservation cavity in the state that the sealing cover of the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port. The metal atomization and diversion tundish device can solve the problem of leakage nozzle blockage caused by over-quick reduction of the temperature of molten steel and the problem of molten metal back-spraying at the leakage nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing equipment for additive manufacturing, in particular to a metal atomization and flow guide tundish device and an operation method thereof.
Background
The metal additive manufacturing technology (3D printing) is an advanced manufacturing technology, and compared with the traditional metal material manufacturing technology, the metal additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of near net shape, no cutting, short manufacturing period, good response capability to complex parts and the like. The raw material for metal additive manufacturing is metal powder with a certain particle size range, and the metal powder needs to meet the requirements of pure chemical components, low oxygen content, high sphericity, good fluidity, good apparent density and the like. The basic principle of the method is that under the protection of inert gas, high-pressure inert gas is used to break molten metal liquid into small droplets, and the small droplets are formed into metal powder with a certain particle size range after flying and cooling. Among them, the vacuum induction melting inert gas atomization (VIGA) using the vacuum tight coupling technology gradually becomes the mainstream industrial technology for preparing metal powder for additive manufacturing because of less kinetic energy loss of inert gas and high yield of metal powder.
However, in the vacuum tight coupling technology, the metal liquid flow meets high-pressure inert gas immediately after flowing out of the discharge spout, so that strong interaction is generated, and a back-spray phenomenon is easily generated at the position of the discharge spout, so that atomization failure is caused. In order to solve the problem, the back-spray can be reduced by using a thinner discharge spout, the amount of the molten steel flowing out in unit time is reduced, and the gas-liquid ratio is improved so as to improve the yield of the metal powder. However, the finer the tip, the smaller the amount of molten steel flowing out, and the more rapidly the temperature of the molten metal decreases, leading to a problem that the tip is likely to be clogged. In order to further solve the problem, in the prior art, the fluidity of the molten steel is improved mainly by improving the temperature of the molten steel in the smelting crucible, and the leakage nozzle is prevented from being blocked, but the structure and the heat preservation capability of the tundish are not improved, so that the temperature of the tundish is generally 1200-1300 ℃, the temperature of the molten steel smelted by the crucible is as high as 1600-1800 ℃, the temperature of the molten steel is greatly reduced due to the huge temperature difference, and the problem of blockage of the leakage nozzle caused by the temperature reduction of the molten steel cannot be well solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal atomization and flow guide tundish device which can solve the problem of leakage nozzle blockage caused by over-quick reduction of the temperature of molten steel and the problem of back spraying of molten metal at the leakage nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a metal atomization flow guide tundish device, which comprises:
the device comprises a heat preservation atomization unit, a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet, wherein a heat preservation cavity for containing molten metal is formed in the heat preservation atomization unit, and the upper end of the heat preservation cavity is opened to form the liquid injection port;
the heating unit can extend into the heat-preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat-preservation cavity;
the sealing cover can be used for sealing the liquid injection port;
the pressurizing unit penetrates through the sealing cover, and under the condition that the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port in a sealing mode, inert gas can be introduced into the upper portion of the heat-preservation cavity through the pressurizing unit.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of the heat-preservation atomizing units is multiple; the metal atomization flow guide middle package device comprises a first driving unit;
the first driving unit includes:
the heating device comprises a movable first support body, a heating unit and a control unit, wherein the heating unit is arranged on the first support body;
the first linear driver can enable the first supporting body to move up and down so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat preservation cavity;
the first rotary driver enables the first support body to rotate under the state that the heating unit leaves the heat-insulation cavity, so that the heating unit can be respectively located in a plurality of heat-insulation atomizing units above the heat-insulation cavity.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal atomization flow guiding tundish device comprises a second driving unit;
the second driving unit includes:
a second support capable of moving, the cover being arranged on the second support;
the second linear driver can enable the second supporting body to move up and down so that the sealing cover can be arranged on the liquid injection port in a sealing mode or separated from the liquid injection port in a sealing mode;
and the second rotary driver can enable the second support body to rotate under the condition that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the sealing cover can be respectively positioned above the heat-insulation cavities of the heat-insulation atomizing units.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal atomization diversion middle package device comprises a driving unit;
the driving unit includes:
the heating unit and the sealing cover are arranged on the support body at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the linear driver can enable the supporting body to move up and down so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat-preservation cavity, or the sealing cover can be arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port in a sealing manner;
and the rotary driver can enable the support body to rotate under the condition that the heating unit is separated from the heat-preservation cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the heating unit or the sealing cover is positioned above the heat-preservation cavity of the heat-preservation atomization unit.
In a preferred embodiment, the first support body has a first cantilever portion extending outward from a sidewall thereof, and the heating unit is disposed on the first cantilever portion;
the first linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the first support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the first support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the first rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in transmission connection with the motor, a first gear in transmission connection with the main shaft, and a second gear in transmission connection with the first support body, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear in a state that the first support body moves upwards to the position that the heating unit leaves the heat insulation cavity, so that the first support body can rotate under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the second supporting body has a second cantilever portion extending outward from a sidewall thereof, and the cover is disposed on the second cantilever portion;
the second linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the second support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the second support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the second rotary driver comprises a motor, a spindle in transmission connection with the motor, a third gear in transmission connection with the spindle, and a fourth gear in transmission connection with the second support body, and the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear when the second support body moves upwards to the state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the second support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the supporting body has a third cantilever portion and a fourth cantilever portion extending outward from a sidewall thereof and disposed at intervals along a circumferential direction, and the heating unit and the cover are disposed on the third cantilever portion and the fourth cantilever portion, respectively;
the linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in transmission connection with the motor, a fifth gear in transmission connection with the main shaft, and a sixth gear in transmission connection with the support body, and the fifth gear is meshed with the sixth gear when the support body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat-preservation cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
In a preferred embodiment, the periphery of the sealing cover is bent downwards and surrounds the middle of the sealing cover to form a pressurizing cavity communicated with the heat-preservation cavity, a sealing ring capable of sealing the sealing ring with the liquid injection port is arranged on the lower edge of the sealing cover, and a stopping part which is formed by inwards extending from the inner wall of the sealing cover and bending upwards is arranged in the sealing cover;
the pressurizing unit includes:
a gas source for passing the inert gas into the pressurization cavity;
an annular tube for conveying the inert gas;
a plurality of edges the gas ejector pipe that the circumference evenly distributed of annular pipe set up, the one end of gas ejector pipe with the annular pipe is linked together, the other end of gas ejector pipe passes the closing cap gets into in the pressurization cavity, and extend to backstop portion department, so that backstop portion bears certainly gas ejector pipe spun inert gas's impact pressure.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat-preserving atomizing unit includes:
the tundish shell is internally provided with the heat preservation cavity, the upper end of the tundish shell is opened to form the liquid injection port, and the bottom of the tundish shell is provided with the discharge port;
the graphite sleeve layer is sleeved on the outer side of the tundish shell, a first accommodating opening is formed in the bottom of the graphite sleeve layer, the periphery of the first accommodating opening extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part, and a second accommodating opening is formed in the heat transfer flange part;
the heating shell is sleeved on the outer side of the graphite sleeve layer, an electric heating coil for heating is arranged on the heating shell, an embedded opening is formed at the bottom of the heating shell, and the heat transfer flange part is correspondingly embedded in the embedded opening;
the guide sleeve is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell, the guide sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating port and the second accommodating port in a penetrating mode, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is in contact with the inner walls of the first accommodating port and the second accommodating port, the middle of the guide sleeve penetrates through the guide sleeve along the axial direction to form a guide hole, the upper end of the guide hole is connected to the lower end of the discharge port, the guide hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom to the axis of the guide hole, and an installation port is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve and the heat transfer flange;
the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve, an installation ring which is correspondingly embedded with the installation opening is formed at the upper end of the nozzle, the outer wall of the installation ring is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the nozzle penetrates through the nozzle along the axial direction to form an atomization opening, and the upper end of the atomization opening is connected to the lower end of the guide hole;
the atomizing disc is sleeved on the nozzle, a gas flow passage is formed in the atomizing disc along the radial direction, and the gas flow passage is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing opening.
The invention also aims to provide an operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device, which is based on the metal atomization diversion tundish device and can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by over-quick temperature reduction of molten steel and the problem of molten metal back-spraying at the nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an operation method of a metal atomization diversion tundish device, which can be used for atomizing molten metal based on the metal atomization diversion tundish device and comprises the following steps:
introducing medium-frequency alternating current to an electric heating coil on the heating shell so that the electric heating coil generates heat and heats the tundish shell and the guide sleeve through the graphite jacket layer;
the heating unit extends into the heat preservation cavity of the tundish shell through the first driving unit so as to heat the heat preservation cavity through the heating unit;
detecting the temperature in the heat-preservation cavity, and enabling the heating unit to leave the heat-preservation cavity through a first driving unit when the temperature of the tundish shell reaches a preset heat-preservation temperature;
atomizing gas flows to the lower end of an atomizing port of the nozzle through a gas flow passage in the atomizing disc, and molten metal liquid is poured into the heat-preservation cavity through a liquid injection port;
a sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port through a second driving unit, and pretightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover and the liquid injection port;
injecting an inert gas into the pressurizing cavity of the sealing cover through the gas injection pipe of the pressurizing unit so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity is higher than a preset atomizing pressure;
when 20% of the molten metal liquid in the heat preservation cavity is remained, the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port through the second driving unit, and the molten metal liquid is supplemented into the heat preservation cavity;
and enabling the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port through the second driving unit again, and applying pretightening force to enable the sealing cover and the liquid injection port to be sealed.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the heat preservation and heat preservation unit 1 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device has the heating and heat preservation capabilities, and meanwhile, the heating unit 2 which can extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 to directly heat the heat preservation cavity 111 is also arranged, the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 can be effectively improved by directly heating the heat preservation cavity 111 through the heating unit 2, the temperature drop of molten metal after the molten metal enters the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced, the temperature of the subsequent molten metal flowing out from an atomization opening is higher, and condensation blocks are not easy to generate, so that the problem of blockage during atomization of the molten metal is well solved. The metal atomization diversion tundish device also comprises a sealing cover 3 which can seal the sealing cover and is arranged on the liquid injection port 112, and a pressurizing unit 4 which is arranged on the sealing cover 3 in a penetrating way, wherein inert gas is introduced above the heat preservation cavity 111 through the pressurizing unit 4, so that certain air pressure is provided above the liquid level of molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111, the molten metal at the atomizing port has higher pressure, the molten metal sprayed out of the atomizing port cannot be pushed back to the atomizing port by the atomized gas, the generation of back spray phenomenon is effectively reduced, the atomization effect of the molten metal is improved, and the fine powder recovery rate is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a metal atomizing and flow guiding tundish device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat-preservation atomizing unit of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the metal atomizing and guiding tundish device and the sealing cover and the pressurizing unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, and indirect connections through intervening media, as well as the detailed meanings of the terms as understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides a metal atomization and diversion tundish device which can be used for atomizing molten metal liquid to prepare metal particles with smaller particle size for metal additive manufacturing. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a metal atomization flow guiding tundish device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the heat preservation atomization unit 1 is internally provided with a heat preservation cavity 111 for containing molten metal, and the upper end of the heat preservation cavity 111 is opened to form a liquid injection port 112; the heating unit 2 can extend into the heat-preservation cavity 111 through the liquid injection port 112, and the heating unit 2 is used for heating the heat-preservation cavity 111; a cover 3 capable of sealing the lid on the pouring port 112; the pressurizing unit 4 is inserted into the cover 3, and the pressurizing unit 4 can inject inert gas to the upper part of the heat preservation cavity 111 under the state that the cover 3 is sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port 112.
When atomizing molten metal, it is generally necessary to provide a tundish device with heating and heat-insulating capabilities in order to maintain a high-temperature molten state after the molten metal melted in a crucible enters an atomizing device. The heat preservation and atomization unit 1 of the metal atomization and diversion tundish device in the embodiment has heating and heat preservation capabilities, and molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111 keeps a melting temperature through continuous heating. However, the heat insulation atomizing unit 1 heats the heat insulation cavity 111 from the outside of the heat insulation cavity 111, so that heat is continuously dissipated from the heat insulation cavity 111, and the actual temperature (generally about 1200 ℃) in the heat insulation cavity 111 is lower than the temperature of the molten metal liquid melted in the crucible, at this time, the temperature of the molten metal liquid is gradually reduced after entering the heat insulation cavity 111, and when subsequent atomizing processes are performed, when the molten metal liquid flows out to an atomizing opening and contacts with atomizing gas with lower temperature, condensed metal blocks are more likely to appear, so that the yield of atomized fine powder is reduced, even the atomizing opening is blocked, so that the atomizing process is interrupted, and the production efficiency is affected. Therefore, in order to improve the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111, reduce the temperature difference of the molten metal liquid smelted in the heat preservation cavity 111 and the crucible, the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment also has the heating unit 2 which can extend into the heat preservation cavity 111 to directly heat the metal atomization diversion tundish device, the heat preservation cavity 111 is directly heated through the heating unit 2, the actual temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 can be effectively improved, the temperature drop of the molten metal liquid after entering the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced, the temperature of the subsequent molten metal liquid flowing out from the atomization port is higher, condensation blocks are not easy to generate, and therefore the problem of blockage during atomization of the molten metal liquid is well solved.
In order to make the atomization effect of the molten metal better and obtain higher fine powder yield, the aperture of the atomizing opening is generally smaller, and the atomizing opening with smaller aperture can make the molten metal flowing out in unit time less, so that the impact of the atomizing gas on the molten metal is stronger and more uniform, and the atomization effect of the molten metal can be further improved. However, less molten metal flows out through the atomizing opening with a smaller diameter, which causes the atomizing gas to blow part of the flowed molten metal back into the atomizing opening again, resulting in the occurrence of a back-spray phenomenon, which can cause the reduction of the production efficiency, and the cooled molten metal returns back into the atomizing opening again, which can also cause the generation of a condensation block, thereby causing the blockage of the atomizing opening and further reducing the production efficiency. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of back spray of the atomization opening, and improve the atomization effect, the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment further comprises a sealing cover 3 capable of sealing the sealing cover on the liquid injection opening 112, and a pressurizing unit 4 penetrating the sealing cover 3, and inert gas is introduced into the upper part of the heat preservation cavity 111 through the pressurizing unit 4, so that a certain air pressure is provided above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111, thereby the molten metal at the atomization opening has a greater pressure, further the molten metal sprayed out from the atomization opening can not be pushed back to the atomization opening by the atomized gas, the back spray phenomenon is effectively reduced, the atomization effect of the molten metal is improved, and further the fine powder recovery rate is improved.
Specifically, the metal atomization and diversion tundish device of the present embodiment can be used for atomizing different molten metal liquids, and therefore, different temperatures can be provided in the heat-insulating cavity 111 by adjusting the heating time of the heating unit 2, and different air pressures can be provided above the liquid level of the molten metal liquid in the heat-insulating cavity 111 by adjusting the pressure of the pressurizing unit 4. For example, when the metal atomization diversion tundish device of this embodiment is used for preparing 316L stainless steel metal powder, before the molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat-preservation cavity 111, the heat-preservation cavity 111 should be heated together by the heating unit 2 and the heat-preservation atomization unit 1, so that the temperature of the heat-preservation cavity 111 reaches 1520 ℃. When atomizing molten 316L stainless steel, the pressure above the liquid surface should be set to 0.8MPa or more by the pressurizing means 4. For example, when the metal atomizing and guiding tundish device of this embodiment is used for preparing GH3230 alloy metal powder, the temperature of the heat-preserving chamber 111 should reach 1570 ℃ or above before the molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat-preserving chamber 111. When atomizing molten GH3230 alloy liquid, the pressure above the liquid surface should be set to 0.9MPa or more by the pressurizing means 4. In addition, preferably, the inert gas introduced into the thermal insulation cavity 111 may be argon gas in general, so as to achieve good oxidation protection for the molten metal, and preferably, the heating unit 2 may be a flame spray gun (as shown in fig. 1), an electric heating coil (as shown in fig. 2), or other equipment capable of rapidly heating the thermal insulation cavity 111.
In order to further improve the heat preservation capability of the heat preservation cavity 111, so that the heating unit 2 can continuously heat and preserve the heat of the heat preservation cavity 111 after being withdrawn from the heat preservation cavity 111, and atomize the molten metal, the structure of the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment has good heating and heat preservation effects, and has the atomization capability of the molten metal. Referring to fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment, the thermal atomizing unit 1 includes: a tundish shell 11, a heat-insulating cavity 111 is formed in the tundish shell 11, the upper end of the tundish shell 11 is opened to form a liquid injection port 112, and the bottom of the tundish shell 11 forms an exhaust port 113; the graphite sleeve layer 12 is sleeved on the outer side of the tundish shell 11, a first accommodating opening 121 is formed at the bottom of the graphite sleeve layer 12, the periphery of the first accommodating opening 121 extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part 123, and a second accommodating opening 122 is formed inside the heat transfer flange part 123; the heating shell 13 is sleeved on the outer side of the graphite sleeve layer 12, an electric heating coil 131 for heating is arranged on the heating shell 13, an embedded opening 132 is formed at the bottom of the heating shell 13, and the heat transfer flange part 123 is correspondingly embedded in the embedded opening 132; the guide sleeve 14 is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell 11, the guide sleeve 14 is arranged in the first accommodating port 121 and the second accommodating port 122 in a penetrating mode, the outer wall of the guide sleeve 14 is arranged in contact with the inner walls of the first accommodating port 121 and the second accommodating port 122, a guide hole 141 is formed in the middle of the guide sleeve 14 in a penetrating mode along the axial direction, the upper end of the guide hole 141 is connected to the lower end of the discharge port 113, the guide hole 141 is arranged in a tapered mode from top to bottom to the axis of the guide hole, and an installation port is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve 14 and the heat transfer flange portion 123; the nozzle 15 is arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve 14, the upper end of the nozzle 15 is provided with a mounting ring 151 which is correspondingly embedded with the mounting port, the outer wall of the mounting ring 151 is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating port 122, the middle part of the nozzle 15 penetrates through the nozzle in the axial direction to form an atomizing port 152, and the upper end of the atomizing port 152 is connected with the lower end of the guide hole 141; the atomizing disk 16 is sleeved on the nozzle 15, a gas channel 161 is formed in the atomizing disk 16 along the radial direction, and the gas channel 161 is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing opening 152.
The heat preservation cavity 111 can be continuously and uniformly heated by placing molten metal in the heat preservation cavity 111 formed by the tundish shell 11, arranging the graphite sleeve layer 12 with uniform heat conduction outside the tundish shell 11 and arranging the heating shell 13 with the electric heating coil 131 outside the graphite sleeve layer 12. Before the molten metal is poured into the heat-insulating cavity 111, the heat-insulating cavity 111 is heated only by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13, and the defects of insufficient temperature and the like can be generated, so the heat-insulating cavity 111 needs to be heated by the heating unit 2 at the same time, and when the heat-insulating cavity 111 reaches the enough temperature and contains the molten metal, the upper end of the heat-insulating cavity 111 is sealed by the sealing cover 3 at the same time, the heat dissipation of the molten metal is very slow, and the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity 111 can be kept at the original temperature only by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13. A guide sleeve 14 is arranged between a discharge port 113 at the bottom of the tundish shell 11 and the nozzle 15, a guide hole 141 for guiding the molten metal is arranged in the guide sleeve 14, the guide hole 141 is gradually reduced from top to bottom towards the axis of the guide hole 141, and the molten metal can smoothly flow to the nozzle 15 under the guide of the guide hole 141 in the guide sleeve 14. In addition, since the guide sleeve 14 is inserted into the graphite jacket layer 12 and the guide sleeve 14 is in contact with the graphite jacket layer 12, heat generated by the electric heating coil 131 of the heating shell 13 can be transferred to the guide sleeve 14 through the graphite jacket layer 12, and the molten metal can be maintained in a high-temperature molten state when flowing into the guide sleeve 14, and similarly, the nozzle 15 is correspondingly embedded in the mounting opening formed by the graphite jacket layer 12 and the guide sleeve 14 through the mounting ring 151 at the upper end thereof and is in contact with the graphite jacket layer 12 and the guide sleeve 14, so that the nozzle 15 can also obtain heat generated by the electric heating coil 131 through the transfer of the graphite jacket layer 12, and the high-temperature molten state of the molten metal can be further ensured. When the molten metal flows out from the atomizing opening 152 of the nozzle 15, the molten metal immediately contacts the atomizing gas flowing out from the gas flow passage 161 of the atomizing disk 16 at a high speed, the molten metal is atomized into a plurality of small liquid beads under the impact of the atomizing gas, the liquid beads are cooled and solidified into metal particles with smaller particle size when falling, and the metal particles meeting the particle size requirement are retained and become metal powder for metal additive manufacturing.
Specifically, the tundish shell 11 may be integrally cast from a high-temperature resistant material such as a high-aluminum or mullite gravity casting material, and the inner wall of the tundish shell 11 may be further padded with a high-temperature resistant plate made of a high-temperature resistant material such as siliceous material, magnesian material, or forsterite material, or coated with a high-temperature resistant coating made of a high-temperature resistant material such as magnesian material, magnesiun-chrome material, or magnesium-calcium material. The graphite jacket 12 is made of graphite material to ensure good heat conduction, and the guide sleeve 14 is also made of graphite material to conduct heat from the graphite jacket 12 well. The heating case 13 is also made of a heat-resistant material to withstand the high heat of the electric heating coil 131. In order to guide the flow of the molten metal in the guide hole 141 of the guide sleeve 14, the diameter of the upper end of the guide hole 141 is the same as the diameter of the discharge port 113 of the tundish case 11, and the diameter of the lower end of the guide hole 141 is the same as the diameter of the atomizing port 152 of the nozzle 15, so that the molten metal can flow out more smoothly. Further, it is preferable that the atomizing gas flowing out of the gas flow passage 161 of the atomizing disk 16 is mainly composed of argon gas in order to prevent the molten metal from being oxidized.
In order to prevent the back spray phenomenon during the atomization of the molten metal, it is necessary to seal the pouring outlet 112 with the lid 3 and to inflate and pressurize the liquid surface of the molten metal by the pressurizing unit 4. To achieve this, referring to fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the periphery of the cover 3 is bent downward and surrounds the middle of the cover 3 to form a pressurizing cavity 31 communicated with the insulating cavity 111, the lower edge of the cover 3 is provided with a sealing ring 32 capable of sealing the liquid injection port 112, and the inside of the cover 3 is provided with a stopping portion 33 extending inward from the inner wall of the cover and bent upward; the pressurizing unit 4 includes: a gas source 41 for introducing an inert gas into the pressurizing chamber 31; an annular pipe 42 for conveying inert gas; a plurality of gas injection pipes 43 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe 42, one end of each gas injection pipe 43 is communicated with the annular pipe 42, and the other end of each gas injection pipe 43 penetrates through the sealing cover 3, enters the pressurizing cavity 31 and extends to the stopping part 33, so that the stopping part 33 bears the impact pressure of the inert gas sprayed out of the gas injection pipes 43.
The pressurizing cavity 31 is formed by bending the sealing cover 3, so that a certain space is formed above the liquid level of the molten metal liquid to charge gas to generate pressure under the condition of not influencing the storage amount of the molten metal liquid of the heat-preservation atomizing unit 1. The sealing ring 32 at the lower edge of the sealing cover 3 can ensure the good sealing performance of the pressurizing cavity 31 and prevent the gas filled from leaking and failing to reach the expected gas pressure. The sealing cover 3 is further provided with a stop portion 33 inside, when the high-speed gas flow is filled into the pressurizing cavity 31 through the gas injection pipe 43, the stop portion 33 is firstly impacted, and therefore the high-speed gas flow is prevented from directly spraying to the liquid surface of the molten metal to cause splashing of metal liquid drops, and waste of materials is avoided. The charged gas gradually increases the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 31, i.e., above the surface of the molten metal, so that the molten metal flows out of the atomizing port 152 more easily without being affected by the atomizing gas to cause a back spray problem.
Specifically, the number of the gas injection pipes 43 communicating with the annular pipe 42 may be 4 to 16, so as to uniformly and rapidly fill the gas into the pressurizing chamber 31. The gas filled in the pressurizing chamber 31 may be argon gas to prevent the molten metal from being oxidized. The sealing ring 32 between the sealing cover 3 and the liquid filling opening 112 may be a metal sealing ring, which has stable performance at high temperature and further expands to better seal between the sealing cover 3 and the liquid filling opening 112 due to the effect of thermal expansion and contraction.
In order to accelerate the execution speed of each flow in the production process, so as to improve the production efficiency and further improve the heat preservation effect of the molten metal, the heating unit 2 and the sealing cover 3 provided with the pressurizing unit 4 of the metal atomization and diversion tundish device of the embodiment are arranged on a movable mechanical structure, so that the rapid process flow conversion can be realized under the driving of the mechanical structure, and the single heating unit 2 or the single pressurizing unit 4 can be used for a plurality of different heat preservation and atomization units 1 in a time-sharing manner. Referring to fig. 1, in a possible preferred embodiment, the number of the heat-preserving atomizing units 1 is plural; the metal atomization flow guide middle package device comprises a first driving unit 5; the first drive unit 5 includes: a first support 51 that is movable, the heating unit 2 being provided on the first support 51; a first linear driver 52, wherein the first linear driver 52 can move the first supporting body 51 in the up-and-down direction, so that the heating unit 2 can enter or leave the heat-preserving cavity 111; the first rotary actuator 53 is configured to rotate the first support 51 so that the heating units 2 can be respectively located above the heat-insulating cavities 111 of the plurality of heat-insulating atomization units 1 in a state where the heating units 2 are away from the heat-insulating cavities 111.
By arranging the heating unit 2 on the first support 51 of the first driving unit 5, the movement of the heating unit 2 can be conveniently controlled, avoiding the danger of manually operating high temperature devices. After the heating unit 2 heats the heat-insulating cavity 111 to an ideal temperature, the heating unit 2 should be taken out as soon as possible, the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat-insulating cavity 111, and the first driving unit 5 drives the heating unit 2, so that the time for switching the process flows can be reduced, and the heat loss of the heat-insulating cavity 111 can be reduced. In addition, through the cooperation of the first linear driver 52 and the first rotary driver 53 of the first driving unit 5, the heating unit 2 can be lifted to leave one heated thermal insulation cavity 111, and then rotated and lowered into another thermal insulation cavity 111 to be heated, so that a single heating unit 2 can be used for heating a plurality of thermal insulation cavities 111 in a time-sharing manner, the energy loss caused by idle or repeated switching-on and switching-off of the heating unit 2 is reduced, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the first linear actuator 52 may be a linear motor, a worm gear structure, a hydraulic drive, or the like, and the first rotary actuator 53 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, or the like, so that the first support 51 provided with the heating unit 2 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The first support 51 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the first supporting body 51 has a first cantilever portion 511 formed by extending outward from a sidewall thereof, and the heating unit 2 is disposed on the first cantilever portion 511; the first linear actuator 52 comprises a hydraulic source 521 and a hydraulic cylinder 522, and the lower end of the first supporting body 51 extends into the hydraulic cylinder 522, so that the first supporting body 51 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder 522 under the driving of the hydraulic source 521; the first rotary actuator 53 includes a motor, a main shaft in transmission connection with the motor, a first gear 531 in transmission connection with the main shaft, and a second gear 532 in transmission connection with the first support 51, and when the first support 51 moves upward and the heating unit 2 leaves the heat-insulating cavity 111, the first gear 531 and the second gear 532 are engaged with each other, so that the first support 51 can generate a rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
Through the hydraulic system drive first supporter 51 that has stronger bearing capacity and fix the heating element 2 on first supporter 51, enable the stable quick entering of heating element 2 or leave heat preservation cavity 111, can fix a position first supporter 51 through pneumatic cylinder 522 simultaneously, the first supporter 51 of being convenient for is rotatory under the drive of motor. When the heating unit 2 is in the heat preservation cavity 111, the first gear 531 and the second gear 532 are in a disengaged state, at this moment, the first support body 51 can not be driven by the motor, only when the electric heating unit leaves the heat preservation cavity 111 completely, the first gear 531 can be meshed with the second gear 532, the first support body 51 can be driven by the motor and has rotary motion, thereby when the motor starts can be effectively avoided from misoperation, the heating unit 2 is driven and touches the inner wall of the heat preservation cavity 111, the damage of the equipment is prevented, the heat preservation atomization unit 1 can be prevented from being inclined or even toppled over due to the influence of external force, and serious accidents are caused.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source 521 capable of moving the first support 51 in the up-and-down direction may be controlled by a worker manually or by an automatic industrial control program, and similarly, the start and stop of the motor capable of rotating the first support 51 may be controlled by a worker manually or by an automatic industrial control program, so as to implement an automatic process, reduce manual operations, and improve production efficiency.
Similarly, referring to fig. 4, in a preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing and guiding tundish device includes a second driving unit 6; the second drive unit 6 includes: a second support 61 capable of moving, the cover 3 being arranged on the second support 61; a second linear actuator 62, the second linear actuator 62 being capable of moving the second support body 61 in the vertical direction so that the lid 3 can be placed on the pouring outlet 112 in a sealed manner or separated from the pouring outlet 112; and the second rotary actuator 63 is configured to rotate the second support body 61 so that the caps 3 are respectively positioned above the heat-insulating cavities 111 of the plurality of heat-insulating atomizing units 1 in a state where the caps 3 are separated from the liquid inlet 112.
By arranging the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 on the second supporting body 61 of the second driving unit 6, the movement of the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be conveniently controlled, and the danger of manually operating high-temperature devices is avoided. After the heating unit 2 heats the heat-insulating cavity 111 to a desired temperature and the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat-insulating cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 should be sealed on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111 as soon as possible. The second driving unit 6 drives the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4, so that the time for switching the process flows can be reduced, and the heat loss of the heat-insulating cavity 111 can be reduced. In addition, through the matching of the second linear driver 62 and the second rotary driver 63 of the second driving unit 6, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be separated from one heat-preservation atomizing unit 1 which finishes the atomization of the molten metal through the height lifting, and can rotate and descend to be combined with another heat-preservation atomizing unit 1 which is to be atomized with the molten metal, so that the single sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be used for pressurizing a plurality of heat-preservation cavities 111 in a time-sharing manner, the time waste caused by the idle state of the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 is reduced, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the second linear actuator 62 may be a linear motor, a worm gear structure, a hydraulic drive, or the like, and the second rotary actuator 63 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, or the like, so that the second support body 61 provided with the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The second support 61 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the second supporting body 61 has a second cantilever portion 611 formed by extending outward from a side wall thereof, and the cover 3 is disposed on the second cantilever portion 611; the second linear driver 62 comprises a hydraulic pressure source 621 and a hydraulic cylinder 622, and the lower end of the second supporting body 61 extends into the hydraulic cylinder 622 so that the second supporting body 61 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder 622 under the driving of the hydraulic pressure source 621; the second rotary actuator 63 includes a motor, a spindle drivingly connected to the motor, a third gear 631 drivingly connected to the spindle, and a fourth gear 632 drivingly connected to the second support body 61, and in a state where the second support body 61 is moved upward to the position where the lid 3 is removed from the pouring outlet 112, the third gear 631 and the fourth gear 632 mesh with each other, so that the second support body 61 can be driven by the motor to perform a rotary motion.
The second supporting body 61, the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 which are fixed on the second supporting body 61 are driven by a hydraulic system with strong bearing capacity, so that the cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 can be stably and quickly covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111 or separated from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111, and meanwhile, the second supporting body 61 can be positioned by the hydraulic cylinder 622, so that the second supporting body 61 can be driven by a motor to rotate conveniently. When the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the third gear 631 and the fourth gear 632 are in a disengaged state, at this time, the second support body 61 cannot be driven by the motor, only after the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are completely disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, the third gear 631 can be meshed with the fourth gear 632, and the second support body 61 can be driven by the motor to have a rotary motion, so that when the motor is started due to misoperation can be effectively avoided, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are driven to be disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111, damage to equipment and exposure and oxidation of molten metal can be prevented, and further, the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 can be prevented from being skewed or even toppled over due to external force, and serious accidents can be caused.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source 621 capable of moving the second supporting body 61 in the up-and-down direction can be controlled by a worker manually or by an automatic industrial control program, and similarly, the start and stop of the motor capable of rotating the second supporting body 61 can be controlled by a worker manually or by an automatic industrial control program, so that an automatic process flow is realized, manual operation is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
In order to accelerate the execution speed of each flow in the production process, improve the production efficiency and reduce the redundancy of equipment, the heating unit 2 and the sealing cover 3 provided with the pressurizing unit 4 of the metal atomization diversion tundish device of the embodiment can be simultaneously connected on the same movable mechanical structure, the rapid process flow conversion is realized under the drive of the mechanical structure, and the single heating unit 2 or the single pressurizing unit 4 can be only used for the same heat-preservation atomizing unit 1, thereby improving the continuous process flow speed of the single heat-preservation atomizing unit 1. Referring to fig. 5, in another possible preferred embodiment, the metal atomizing and guiding middle package device includes a driving unit 7; the drive unit 7 includes: the movable supporting body 71, the heating units 2 and the sealing cover 3 are arranged on the supporting body 71 at intervals along the circumferential direction; a linear actuator 72, wherein the linear actuator 72 can move the support 71 in the vertical direction to allow the heating unit 2 to enter or leave the heat-insulating chamber 111, or allow the cover 3 to be hermetically sealed on the pouring port 112 or to be separated from the pouring port 112; and a rotary driver 73, wherein the rotary driver 73 can rotate the support body 71 to make the heating unit 2 or the cover 3 be positioned above the heat preservation cavity 111 of the heat preservation atomizing unit 1 under the state that the heating unit 2 is separated from the heat preservation cavity 111 and the cover 3 is separated from the liquid injection port 112.
By arranging the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 on the supporting body 71 of the driving unit 7 at the same time, the movement of the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 can be conveniently controlled, and the danger of manual operation of high-temperature devices is avoided. After the heating unit 2 heats the heat preservation cavity 111 to an ideal temperature, the heating unit 2 should be taken out as soon as possible, the high-temperature molten metal in the crucible is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 and the pressurizing unit 4 are sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat preservation cavity 111 as soon as possible, and the driving unit 7 drives the heating unit 2 and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4, so that the conversion time among the process flows can be reduced, and the heat loss of the heat preservation cavity 111 is reduced. In addition, through the matching of the linear driver 72 and the rotary driver 73 of the driving unit 7, after the heating unit 2 finishes heating the heat-insulating cavity 111, the heating unit 2 is lifted to leave the heated heat-insulating cavity 111, the rotary driver 73 immediately rotates the heating unit 2 to leave the heating unit and simultaneously rotates the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 to the upper part of the heat-insulating cavity 111, and then the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111 through height reduction, so that the heat-insulating cavity 111 can be rapidly switched between the heating process and the atomizing process, and the production efficiency of the whole equipment is improved.
Specifically, the linear actuator 72 may be a linear motor, a worm gear structure, a hydraulic drive, or the like, and the rotary actuator 73 may be a three-phase motor, a servo motor, or the like, so that the support body 71 provided with the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 can have a linear motion in the up-down direction and a rotary motion in the horizontal plane. The support 71 may be a cylindrical shaft to facilitate positioning and driving thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the supporting body 71 has a third cantilever portion 711 and a fourth cantilever portion 712 formed by extending outward from a sidewall thereof and disposed at intervals along a circumferential direction, and the heating unit 2 and the cover 3 are respectively disposed on the third cantilever portion 711 and the fourth cantilever portion 712; the linear driver 72 comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the supporting body 71 extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the supporting body 71 can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source; the rotary actuator 73 includes a motor, a main shaft drivingly connected to the motor, a fifth gear 731 drivingly connected to the main shaft, and a sixth gear 732 drivingly connected to the support body 71, and the fifth gear 731 is engaged with the sixth gear 732 so that the support body 71 can be driven by the motor to rotate in a state where the support body 71 is moved upward until the heating unit 2 is separated from the insulating chamber 111 and the lid 3 is separated from the pouring port 112.
The supporting body 71, the heating unit 2 fixed on the supporting body 71 and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 are driven by a hydraulic system with strong bearing capacity, so that the heating unit 2 can stably and quickly enter or leave the heat-insulating cavity 111, the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 can be stably and quickly covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111 or separated from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111, and meanwhile, the supporting body 71 can be positioned by a hydraulic cylinder, so that the supporting body 71 can conveniently rotate under the driving of a motor. When the pressurizing unit 4 is in the heat-insulating cavity 111, or the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111, the fifth gear 731 and the sixth gear 732 are in a disengaged state, at this time, the supporting body 71 is not driven by the motor, only when the heating unit 2 is completely separated from the heat-insulating cavity 111, and the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is completely disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111, the fifth gear 731 is engaged with the sixth gear 732, and the supporting body 71 can be driven by the motor to have a rotational motion, so that the situation that the pressurizing unit 4 touches the inner wall of the heat-insulating cavity 111 or the sealing cover 3 with the pressurizing unit 4 is driven to be disengaged from the liquid injection port 112 of the heat-insulating cavity 111 due to an erroneous operation can be effectively avoided, the damage of the equipment and the exposure and oxidation of the molten metal can be prevented, and the heat-insulating and atomizing unit 1 can be prevented from being skewed and even toppled over due to the influence of an external force, causing serious accidents.
Specifically, the start and stop of the hydraulic source which can move the support body 71 in the up-and-down direction can be manually controlled by a worker or can be controlled by an automatic industrial control program, and similarly, the start and stop of the motor which can rotate the support body 71 can be manually controlled by the worker or can be controlled by the automatic industrial control program, so that the automatic process flow is realized, the manual operation is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Example two:
the invention also aims to provide an operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device, which is based on the metal atomization diversion tundish device and can solve the problem of nozzle blockage caused by over-quick temperature reduction of molten steel and the problem of molten metal back-spraying at the nozzle, thereby improving the yield of metal powder. The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a method for operating a metal atomizing and guiding tundish device, which can be used for atomizing molten metal by the metal atomizing and guiding tundish device, comprising the steps of: the intermediate frequency alternating current is introduced into the electric heating coil 131 on the heating shell 13, so that the electric heating coil 131 generates heat and heats the tundish shell 11 and the guide sleeve 14 through the graphite jacket layer 12; the heating unit 2 extends into the heat-preservation cavity 111 of the tundish shell 11 through the first driving unit 5, so that the heating unit 2 heats the heat-preservation cavity 111; detecting the temperature in the heat-preservation cavity 111, and when the temperature of the tundish shell 11 reaches the preset heat-preservation temperature, enabling the heating unit 2 to leave the heat-preservation cavity 111 through the first driving unit 5; the atomized gas flows to the lower end of the atomizing opening 152 of the nozzle 15 through the gas flow passage 161 in the atomizing disk 16, and the molten metal liquid is poured into the heat-preservation cavity 111 through the liquid injection opening 112; the sealing cover 3 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 through the second driving unit 6, and pretightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112; injecting an inert gas into the pressurizing cavity 31 of the cap 3 through the gas injection pipe 43 of the pressurizing unit 4 so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity 111 is higher than a preset atomizing pressure; when 20% of the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity 111 remains, the sealing cover 3 is separated from the liquid injection port 112 through the second driving unit 6, and the molten metal is replenished into the heat-insulating cavity 111; the lid 3 is again placed on the pouring outlet 112 by the second driving means 6, and a biasing force is applied to seal the lid 3 and the pouring outlet 112.
When atomizing molten metal, the molten metal melted in the crucible still keeps a high-temperature molten state after entering the atomizing device, if the molten metal is heated from the outside of the heat-insulating cavity 111 only by the heat-insulating atomizing unit 1, heat is continuously dissipated from the heat-insulating cavity 111, and the actual temperature (generally about 1200 ℃) in the heat-insulating cavity 111 is lower than the temperature of the molten metal melted in the crucible, at this time, the temperature of the molten metal gradually decreases after entering the heat-insulating cavity 111, and when subsequent atomizing processes are performed, when the molten metal flows out to the atomizing opening 152 and contacts atomizing gas with lower temperature, condensed metal blocks are more likely to appear, so that the yield of atomized fine powder is reduced, even the atomizing opening 152 is blocked, so that the atomizing process is interrupted, and the production efficiency is affected. In addition, in order to achieve better atomization effect of the molten metal and obtain higher fine powder yield, the aperture of the atomizing opening 152 is generally smaller, and the atomizing opening 152 with smaller aperture can reduce the amount of the molten metal flowing out in unit time, so that the impact of the atomizing gas on the molten metal is stronger and more uniform, and the atomization effect of the molten metal can be improved. However, the outflow of less molten metal through the atomizing port 152 with a smaller diameter will cause the atomizing gas to blow a part of the outflowing molten metal back into the atomizing port 152 again, resulting in a back-spray phenomenon, which will result in a reduction in production efficiency, and the cooled molten metal returns back into the atomizing port 152 again, resulting in the generation of agglomerates, which will cause the blockage of the atomizing port 152, further reducing production efficiency.
The operation method of the metal atomization diversion tundish device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for atomizing molten metal liquid, so that the problems can be effectively solved, and the production efficiency of atomizing the molten metal liquid into powder is improved. The electric heating coil 131 of heating casing 13 generates heat and through graphite jacket layer 12 with heat transfer to heat preservation cavity 111 and guide sleeve 14 in the middle package casing 11, first drive unit 5 makes heating unit 2 stretch into in the heat preservation cavity 111 of middle package casing 11 simultaneously, so that heating unit 2 heats heat preservation cavity 111, enable heat preservation cavity 111 inside and outside being heated simultaneously, and can reach higher ideal temperature, reduce its difference in temperature with the molten metal liquid, prevent the molten metal liquid and cool down too fast. When the temperature in the heat preservation cavity 111 reaches the preset heat preservation temperature, the heating unit 2 is separated from the heat preservation cavity 111 through the first driving unit 5, then the molten metal liquid is poured into the heat preservation cavity 111 through the liquid injection port 112, the sealing cover 3 is covered on the liquid injection port 112 through the second driving unit 6, and pretightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112, so that the process that the molten metal liquid enters the heat preservation cavity 111 is quickly completed under the drive of mechanical movement, and the molten metal liquid is further prevented from being cooled too quickly. After the sealing cover 3 is sealed and arranged on the liquid injection port 112, inert gas is injected into the pressurizing cavity 31 of the sealing cover 3 through the gas injection pipe 43 of the pressurizing unit 4, so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity 111 is higher than the preset atomizing pressure, and the molten metal can be more stably sprayed out from the atomizing port 152 under the action of the preset atomizing pressure, and the phenomenon of back spraying caused by the interference of the atomizing gas is not easy to occur. When 20% of the molten metal remains in the heat-insulating chamber 111, the second driving unit 6 separates the lid 3 from the pouring port 112 and replenishes the molten metal into the heat-insulating chamber 111, thereby preventing the atomization port 152 from being blocked due to a low temperature of the remaining molten metal. After the molten metal is replenished, the second driving unit 6 is used again to cover the sealing cover 3 on the liquid injection port 112, and pre-tightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover 3 and the liquid injection port 112, so as to realize the atomization process operation.
Specifically, the preset holding temperature and the preset atomization pressure depend on the material of the molten metal to be atomized, for example, when the molten metal is 316L stainless steel, the preset holding temperature is 1520 ℃ and the preset atomization pressure is 0.8MPa, and when the molten metal is GH3230 alloy, the preset holding temperature is 1570 ℃ and the preset atomization pressure is 0.9 MPa. When molten metal is added into the heat-insulating cavity 111, the temperature in the heat-insulating cavity 111 can be detected, and if the temperature is lower than the preset heat-insulating temperature, the heating unit 2 can enter the heat-insulating cavity 111 again through the first driving unit 5 to be reheated to the preset heat-insulating temperature.
The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a package device in middle of metal atomizing water conservancy diversion which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a heat-preservation atomization unit, a liquid-filling unit and a liquid-filling unit, wherein the heat-preservation atomization unit is internally provided with a heat-preservation cavity for containing molten metal liquid, and the upper end of the heat-preservation cavity is opened to form a liquid-filling port;
the heating unit can extend into the heat-preservation cavity through the liquid injection port and is used for heating the heat-preservation cavity;
the sealing cover can be used for sealing the liquid injection port;
the pressurizing unit penetrates through the sealing cover, and the pressurizing unit can introduce inert gas to the upper part of the heat-preservation cavity in the state that the sealing cover of the sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port.
2. The metal atomization flow-guide tundish device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the heat-preservation atomization units is multiple; the metal atomization flow guide middle package device comprises a first driving unit;
the first driving unit includes:
the heating device comprises a movable first support body, a heating unit and a control unit, wherein the heating unit is arranged on the first support body;
the first linear driver can enable the first supporting body to move up and down so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat preservation cavity;
the first rotary driver enables the first support body to rotate under the state that the heating unit leaves the heat-insulation cavity, so that the heating unit can be respectively located in a plurality of heat-insulation atomizing units above the heat-insulation cavity.
3. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device according to claim 2, wherein the metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device comprises a second driving unit;
the second driving unit includes:
a second support capable of moving, the cover being arranged on the second support;
the second linear driver can enable the second supporting body to move up and down so that the sealing cover can be arranged on the liquid injection port or separated from the liquid injection port in a sealing mode;
and the second rotary driver can enable the second support body to rotate under the condition that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the sealing cover can be respectively positioned above the heat-preservation cavities of the heat-preservation atomizing units.
4. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device according to claim 1, wherein the metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device comprises a driving unit;
the driving unit includes:
the heating unit and the sealing cover are arranged on the support body at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the linear driver can enable the supporting body to move up and down so that the heating unit can enter or leave the heat-preservation cavity, or the sealing cover can be arranged on the liquid injection port in a sealing mode or separated from the liquid injection port in a sealing mode;
and the rotary driver can enable the support body to rotate under the condition that the heating unit is separated from the heat-preservation cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the heating unit or the sealing cover is positioned above the heat-preservation cavity of the heat-preservation atomization unit.
5. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device according to claim 2, wherein the first support body has a first cantilever portion formed by extending outward from a sidewall thereof, the heating unit being disposed on the first cantilever portion;
the first linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the first support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the first support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the first rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in transmission connection with the motor, a first gear in transmission connection with the main shaft, and a second gear in transmission connection with the first support body, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear in a state that the first support body moves upwards to the position that the heating unit leaves the heat insulation cavity, so that the first support body can rotate under the driving of the motor.
6. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second support body has a second cantilever portion formed by extending outwardly from a sidewall thereof, and the cover is disposed on the second cantilever portion;
the second linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the second support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the second support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the second rotary driver comprises a motor, a spindle in transmission connection with the motor, a third gear in transmission connection with the spindle, and a fourth gear in transmission connection with the second support body, and the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear when the second support body moves upwards to the state that the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the second support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
7. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device according to claim 4, wherein the support body has a third cantilever portion and a fourth cantilever portion extending outward from a sidewall thereof and arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction, and the heating unit and the sealing cover are respectively arranged on the third cantilever portion and the fourth cantilever portion;
the linear driver comprises a hydraulic source and a hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the support body extends into the hydraulic cylinder so that the support body can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder under the driving of the hydraulic source;
the rotary driver comprises a motor, a main shaft in transmission connection with the motor, a fifth gear in transmission connection with the main shaft, and a sixth gear in transmission connection with the support body, and the fifth gear is meshed with the sixth gear when the support body moves upwards to a state that the heating unit leaves the heat-preservation cavity and the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port, so that the support body can generate rotary motion under the driving of the motor.
8. The metal atomization and flow guide tundish device according to claim 1, wherein the periphery of the sealing cover is bent downwards and surrounds the middle of the sealing cover to form a pressurizing cavity communicated with the heat-preservation cavity, a sealing ring capable of sealing the sealing ring with the liquid injection port is arranged on the lower edge of the sealing cover, and a stopping part which is formed by inward extending from the inner wall of the sealing cover and bending upwards is arranged inside the sealing cover;
the pressurizing unit includes:
a gas source for passing the inert gas into the pressurization cavity;
an annular tube for conveying the inert gas;
a plurality of edges the gas ejector pipe that the circumference evenly distributed of annular pipe set up, the one end of gas ejector pipe with the annular pipe is linked together, the other end of gas ejector pipe passes the closing cap gets into in the pressurization cavity, and extend to backstop portion department, so that backstop portion bears certainly gas ejector pipe spun inert gas's impact pressure.
9. The metal atomizing flow-guiding tundish device according to claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating atomizing unit comprises:
the tundish shell is internally provided with the heat preservation cavity, the upper end of the tundish shell is opened to form the liquid injection port, and the bottom of the tundish shell is provided with the discharge port;
the graphite sleeve layer is sleeved on the outer side of the tundish shell, a first accommodating opening is formed in the bottom of the graphite sleeve layer, the periphery of the first accommodating opening extends downwards to form an annular heat transfer flange part, and a second accommodating opening is formed in the heat transfer flange part;
the heating shell is sleeved on the outer side of the graphite sleeve layer, an electric heating coil for heating is arranged on the heating shell, an embedded opening is formed at the bottom of the heating shell, and the heat transfer flange part is correspondingly embedded in the embedded opening;
the guide sleeve is embedded at the bottom of the tundish shell, the guide sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating port and the second accommodating port in a penetrating mode, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is in contact with the inner walls of the first accommodating port and the second accommodating port, the middle of the guide sleeve penetrates through the guide sleeve along the axial direction to form a guide hole, the upper end of the guide hole is connected to the lower end of the discharge port, the guide hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom to the axis of the guide hole, and an installation port is formed between the lower side of the guide sleeve and the heat transfer flange;
the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve, an installation ring which is correspondingly embedded with the installation opening is formed at the upper end of the nozzle, the outer wall of the installation ring is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the second accommodating opening, the middle part of the nozzle penetrates through the nozzle along the axial direction to form an atomization opening, and the upper end of the atomization opening is connected to the lower end of the guide hole;
the atomizing disc is sleeved on the nozzle, a gas flow passage is formed in the atomizing disc along the radial direction, and the gas flow passage is communicated to the lower end of the atomizing opening.
10. A method of operating a metal atomizing flow directing tundish apparatus, usable for atomizing molten metal by a metal atomizing flow directing tundish apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
introducing medium-frequency alternating current to an electric heating coil on the heating shell so that the electric heating coil generates heat and heats the tundish shell and the guide sleeve through the graphite jacket layer;
enabling a heating unit to extend into a heat-preservation cavity of the tundish shell through a first driving unit so as to enable the heating unit to heat the heat-preservation cavity;
detecting the temperature in the heat-preservation cavity, and enabling the heating unit to leave the heat-preservation cavity through a first driving unit when the temperature of the tundish shell reaches a preset heat-preservation temperature;
atomizing gas flows to the lower end of an atomizing port of the nozzle through a gas flow passage in the atomizing disc, and molten metal liquid is poured into the heat-preservation cavity through a liquid injection port;
a sealing cover is arranged on the liquid injection port through a second driving unit, and pretightening force is applied to seal the sealing cover and the liquid injection port;
injecting an inert gas into the pressurizing cavity of the sealing cover through the gas injection pipe of the pressurizing unit so that the pressure above the liquid level of the molten metal in the heat-insulating cavity is higher than a preset atomizing pressure;
when 20% of the molten metal liquid in the heat preservation cavity is remained, the sealing cover is separated from the liquid injection port through the second driving unit, and the molten metal liquid is supplemented into the heat preservation cavity;
and enabling the sealing cover to be arranged on the liquid injection port through the second driving unit again, and applying pretightening force to enable the sealing cover and the liquid injection port to be sealed.
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