CN114948304A - Preparation process of porcelain metal, porcelain metal and porcelain tooth - Google Patents
Preparation process of porcelain metal, porcelain metal and porcelain tooth Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
- A61C13/083—Porcelain or ceramic teeth
- A61C13/0835—Ceramic coating on metallic body
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation process of porcelain metal, porcelain metal and porcelain teeth, wherein the preparation process comprises the steps of preparing a porcelain metal model by adopting a 3D printing technology, carrying out heat treatment, cutting and density measurement, turning metal, metal cleaning, metal drying, metal oxidation, metal sand blasting, alcohol soaking, subsequent cleaning, water adsorption and re-drying to obtain a porcelain metal finished product, setting a test block in the preparation process and carrying out density measurement on the test block, so that the density of the porcelain metal model is ensured to reach a set standard, and through subsequent specific procedures and sequential matching among the procedures, impurity adhesion in the porcelain metal finished product can be effectively reduced, the occurrence of bubbles or porcelain breaking and porcelain cracking is effectively reduced, and the bonding strength of the porcelain is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of false tooth processing, in particular to a preparation process of porcelain metal, the porcelain metal and porcelain teeth.
Background
In recent years, with the development of digital production, the traditional manual production mode of the false teeth can not meet the market demand. The 3D printing is slowly popularized in the development of personalized medical instruments, the technology is fast in forming and high in precision, is suitable for customizing objects with complex and fine structures and is popular with denture processing manufacturers, and the 3D printing fixed denture is also increasingly popularized in the market.
At present, 3D printing SLM technology is mainly adopted in porcelain metal production in fixed dentures, a welding mode adopts laser welding, and compared with traditional casting forming, residual stress and support exist in the 3D printing porcelain metal in the fixed denture production process, the porcelain metal is often infirm in combination with porcelain in the subsequent production process, the combination force is weak, in addition, the post-treatment process of the porcelain metal is not strict in the treatment process, each process is free from standard and effective parameters, the production process is unstable, porcelain cracking and bubbles often appear in the porcelain coating process, the cracks and the bubbles often drop between the metal and a porcelain layer, and more seriously, the situation often appears in the mouths of patients.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation process of porcelain metal, the porcelain metal and porcelain teeth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation process of porcelain metal comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a porcelain metal model: printing a porcelain metal model on a substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology, adding a test block into the printing model, setting the test block as a cube, and setting the side length of the cube as 10 mm;
s2, heat treatment: carrying out annealing treatment on the porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate;
s3, cutting and density measurement: cutting and separating the test block and the porcelain metal model along the surface of the substrate, and measuring the density of the test block, wherein the density is not less than 98%;
s4, gold turning: performing turning and polishing on the surface of the porcelain metal model with the density meeting the requirements in the S3 to remove sand holes and smooth excessive sharp edges;
s5, oxidation: oxidizing the porcelain metal model subjected to gold turning, and cooling in air after the oxidization is finished;
s6, sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the oxidized porcelain metal model;
s7, cleaning and adsorbing: cleaning the porcelain metal model subjected to sand blasting, and performing moisture adsorption;
s8, drying: and drying the porcelain metal model to obtain a porcelain metal finished product.
As a preferable scheme, in S2, the porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate are put into an annealing furnace together for annealing treatment, the temperature is raised to 920-980 ℃ at the heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 50-70min, and then the furnace is cooled.
Preferably, in S3, the cutting and separation are performed using a wire cutter.
In S5, the porcelain metal model is oxidized in a porcelain furnace, and the porcelain metal model is dried in the oxidation process, heated to 970-990 ℃ in a vacuum environment, kept for 1-3min, and cooled in the furnace.
Preferably, in S6, the blasting mesh number is set to 80-120 mesh, and the blasting pressure is set to 0.4-0.7 MPa.
Preferably, the method is characterized in that a cleaning and drying process is also included between the S4 gold and the S5 oxidation. The cleaning is carried out by adopting an ultrasonic cleaning machine and using purified water.
Preferably, an alcohol soaking step is further included between S6 and S7, and the porcelain metal mold subjected to sand blasting is placed in alcohol to be soaked.
The invention provides a porcelain metal prepared by using the preparation process of any one of the schemes.
The invention also provides a porcelain tooth prepared by using the porcelain metal.
The porcelain metal and the preparation process thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1) through the specific working procedures in the preparation process and the sequential matching among the working procedures, the impurity adhesion in the porcelain metal finished product can be effectively reduced, the phenomena of air bubbles or porcelain collapse and porcelain cracking are effectively reduced, and the golden porcelain bonding strength is improved;
2) the density of the porcelain metal model is controlled to be more than 98% by a 3D printing technology, so that the problem of internal pores can be effectively solved, and bubbles are prevented from being generated on the surface of the porcelain metal model;
3) through the heat treatment process and reasonable control of the annealing temperature and the heat preservation time, the internal stress can be effectively released, and the phenomena of porcelain cracking and porcelain cracking caused by stress release in the high-temperature porcelain baking process are avoided;
4) the deformation of the porcelain metal model generated in the heat treatment process can be improved by annealing the strip substrate;
5) through the lathing and polishing process, the sand hole phenomenon on the surface of the porcelain metal model can be improved, and the porcelain breaking and cracking phenomena in the baking process can be further improved;
6) by cleaning and drying after the metal turning process, the possibility of introducing impurities can be effectively reduced, and the controllability of the subsequent metal oxidation process is ensured;
7) the sand blasting procedure is added after the metal is oxidized, so that the metal surface state is consistent and stable, and the phenomenon of unstable porcelain application caused by the non-uniformity of an oxide layer can be improved;
8) the phenomenon that the metal surface is polluted by oil stains can be improved by adding the procedure of soaking in alcohol after metal sand blasting, and the binding strength of the golden porcelain is further improved;
9) through carry out metal washing, moisture absorption and stoving process after alcohol soaking process, further reduce the residue of impurity and moisture, promote the effect that the golden porcelain combines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a porcelain metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a density test block model according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cutting directional diagram of the density test block model according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a heat treatment profile in the process for preparing porcelain metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing an oxidation process in the process for preparing porcelain metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparative graph of comparative example 2 in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparative graph of comparative example 4 in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of comparative example 5 after drying in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and features of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is to be construed as limited only by the appended claims. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a porcelain metal and a preparation process thereof, and figure 1 shows the preparation process flow of the invention, and the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a porcelain metal model: printing a porcelain metal model on a substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology, wherein the printing parameters are set to be the printing layer thickness of 0.03mm, the printing speed of 850-0.08 mm/s, the scanning interval of 0.07-0.08mm and the laser power of 160-180W, and a test block is added into the printing model for density detection; test block model referring to fig. 2, the test block model is set as a cube, the side length of the cube is set as 10mm, and the XY plane is an additional support surface.
S2, heat treatment: and (3) putting the printed porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate into an annealing furnace together for annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is matched with the porcelain applying temperature, and the temperature difference cannot exceed +/-30 ℃. Due to the stress in welding, the annealing holding time needs to be controlled at 60 minutes, and the deviation does not exceed 10 minutes. The method specifically comprises the following steps: raising the temperature to 920-980 ℃ at the heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 50-70min, and then cooling along with the furnace, preferably carrying out annealing treatment according to the annealing curve shown in figure 3. The 3D printing SLM technology is laser welding, internal stress is necessarily generated in the laser welding process, and the internal stress needs to be released in the annealing process. In the subsequent porcelain firing process, the porcelain temperature is usually up to 980 ℃, so the annealing temperature is set to 950 ℃ ± 30 ℃, at which time the stress release is complete and is substantially the same as the porcelain maximum temperature. If the temperature is set to be lower, the annealing of heat treatment is incomplete, and in the subsequent high-temperature porcelain baking process, the stress can be released, so that the phenomena of porcelain collapse and porcelain cracking are caused. On the other hand, the annealing with the substrate is needed because the substrate and the porcelain metal model are in supporting connection in the whole stress removing process of heat treatment, and the porcelain metal model cannot be deformed due to the release of stress; if the ceramic metal model is not provided with the substrate, the ceramic metal model is a free body, and the ceramic metal model freely deforms along with the release of stress, so that the product is unqualified.
Step S3, cutting and density measurement: the support is cut along the surface of the substrate by using a wire cutting machine, the support and the substrate are separated, redundant support is removed by using cutting pliers, and the cutting support adopts a wire cutting mode to reduce mechanical force in the cutting process and avoid porcelain metal deformation. Next, the test block is subjected to density measurement, referring to fig. 4, the test block is cut from the middle, the cutting position can be a plane parallel to YZ or XZ, and the density of the cut surface is measured after the test block is cut at the X axis 1/2 or the Y axis 1/2, the density value should be equal to or greater than 98%, and if the density is unqualified, the printing parameters in the step S1 need to be adjusted until the density value meets the requirement.
In the dental 3D printing production process, the laser power can be attenuated along with the printing time, and the printing quality can also be changed along with the change of the same printing parameters along with the change of the time. This is not monitored in the prior art. Therefore, the test block is printed regularly and the density of the test block is measured, so that the printing quality can be ensured to meet the requirement, and the test block is preferably printed once in half a month. If the density is too small, the inside of the ceramic is provided with more pores, and the pores on the metal surface can overflow to generate bubbles in the subsequent ceramic baking process.
Step S4, gold turning: and (4) performing turning polishing on the surface of the porcelain metal model with the density meeting the requirement in the step S3, wherein all supporting residues are removed during polishing, and after the supporting polishing is completed, the surface cannot have sand holes or holes, and sharp corners are uniform and smooth. The metal lathing is used for preparing subsequent porcelain baking, removing the support in the 3D printing process and improving the sand holes or holes on the surface. The surface has a plurality of sand holes, the holes can be aerated in the subsequent porcelain baking process, and air bubbles can be generated when the holes are released in the porcelain baking process. If the sharp corner edge is excessively uneven and not smooth, the risk of ceramic breaking and cracking is increased due to stress concentration in the baking process of the metal and the ceramic.
Step S5, metal cleaning: and (4) replacing new purified water by the ultrasonic cleaning machine, putting the porcelain metal model finished by lathing into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, and cleaning for 5 minutes. And taking out the porcelain metal model from the ultrasonic cleaning machine by using tweezers after cleaning. The key point of the process is that the new purified water is adopted, the common tap water contains impurities, and the impurities can be attached to the metal surface of the porcelain in the following drying process, are combined with the metal surface in the subsequent oxidation process and are not easy to remove.
Step S6, drying the metal: the porcelain metal model after being taken out of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is paved on the non-wool paper, and then is dried by warm air of a blower, so that excessive impurities are prevented from remaining before metal oxidation, and if the moisture is excessive, an oxidation layer of subsequent metal oxidation is not controllable.
Step S7, metal oxidation: and (3) oxidizing the dried porcelain metal model, specifically, putting the dried porcelain metal model into a porcelain oven for oxidation, firstly drying the porcelain metal model in the oxidation process for 90-180 seconds, then heating to 970-990 ℃ in a vacuum environment, preserving heat for 1-3min, then cooling along with the oven, and preferably oxidizing according to the curve shown in fig. 5. After the oxidation is finished, the mixture is taken out for air cooling, the temperature is reduced to below 50 ℃, then the next procedure is carried out, and in the oxidation process, the vacuum degree is set to be 95-97 hPa.
Step S8, metal blasting: and carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the oxidized porcelain metal model, wherein 80-120-mesh aluminum oxide sand is adopted for porcelain metal sand blasting, new sand is adopted, the sand blasting pressure is set to be 0.4-0.7Mpa, the 80-mesh minimum sand blasting pressure is 0.4Mpa, and the 120-mesh minimum sand blasting pressure is 0.7 Mpa. The metal on the porcelain surface is required to be sprayed completely. And (4) after sand blasting, checking whether sand holes exist on the surface of the porcelain metal, returning to the gold turning procedure to carry out gold turning polishing again if the sand holes exist, and if the number of the sand holes is less than five, carrying out sand blasting again after gold turning, otherwise, carrying out the gold turning procedure again in sequence. Oxide layer thickness is uneven in the metal oxidation in-process, and probably there is some impurity to adhere to moreover, leads to going up the porcelain unstability, and this problem of solution that the sandblast process can be fine. In addition, the sand is thinner and thinner due to repeated use of the sand, so that the sand blasting strength is weakened, new sand needs to be adopted, and the stable process can be ensured.
Step S9, alcohol soaking: and (3) putting the ceramic metal model subjected to sand blasting into industrial alcohol for soaking for 120 seconds, taking out the ceramic metal model after soaking by using tweezers, and not touching by hands after taking out. Metal is at the sandblast in-process, and the air compressor machine pipeline has oil or artificial hand to touch the metal probably to appear, and metal surface can be polluted by oil, can lead to golden porcelain bonding strength to reduce, adopts alcohol to soak can get rid of the grease, solves this technical problem.
Step S10, metal cleaning and moisture adsorption: and (3) replacing water in the ultrasonic cleaning machine with new clean pure water, putting the porcelain metal model into the ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning to remove residual impurities on the surface after sand blasting, performing ultrasonic cleaning for 5 minutes, taking out the porcelain metal model by using tweezers after cleaning, and taking out the porcelain metal model without touching the metal by hands. Later use clean no matte paper to adsorb metal surface and remain moisture, avoid the hand touch to touch the metal among the adsorption process, the washing back because the surface tension of water, has too much moisture to adsorb on the metal surface, and the surface of water may be remained to remaining impurity among the washing process, and then remains in the surface of porcelain metal in follow-up stoving process.
Step S11, drying: and (4) paving the porcelain metal model, placing the porcelain surface upwards, and drying the residual moisture by using a blower to obtain a porcelain metal finished product before the porcelain-applying process. The metal placement requirement is to avoid contact with the placement platform, thereby introducing new impurities. After the porcelain is eaten, subsequent operation can be carried out, otherwise, the residual moisture influences the porcelain baking effect.
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should also be understood as being limited to the following examples, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also merely one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
Step S1, preparing a porcelain metal model: the porcelain metal model is printed on the substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology, the printing parameters are set to be the existing printing parameters, and a test block is added into the printing model.
Step S2, heat treatment: and putting the printed porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, specifically setting the temperature to 950 ℃ at the heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, and then cooling along with the furnace.
Step S3, cutting and density measurement: the support is cut along the substrate surface using a wire saw, the support and substrate are separated, and excess support is removed using cutting pliers. And (5) carrying out density measurement on the test block, wherein the density value is 99.2%.
Step S4, gold turning: and (3) turning and polishing the surface of the porcelain metal model, wherein after the support polishing is finished, the surface has no sand holes or holes, and the sharp corner edge is polished into smooth transition.
Step S5, metal cleaning: and replacing new purified water by the ultrasonic cleaning machine, putting the porcelain metal model which is finished by lathing into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, cleaning for 5 minutes, and taking out the porcelain metal model from the ultrasonic cleaning machine by using tweezers after cleaning.
Step S6, drying the metal: and flatly paving the porcelain metal model taken out of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the non-wool paper, and then drying the porcelain metal model by using warm air of a blower.
Step S7, metal oxidation: and putting the dried porcelain metal model into a porcelain furnace for oxidation, firstly drying the porcelain metal model in an oxidation process for 120 seconds, then heating to 980 ℃ in a vacuum environment, preserving heat for 1min, then cooling along with the furnace, and taking out after the oxidation is finished, and then cooling in an air cooling way.
Step S8, metal blasting: and (3) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the oxidized porcelain metal model, adopting 80-mesh aluminum oxide new sand, setting the sand blasting pressure to be 0.4Mpa, and checking that no sand hole exists on the surface of the porcelain metal after sand blasting.
Step S9, alcohol soaking: and (3) putting the ceramic metal model subjected to sand blasting into industrial alcohol for soaking for 120 seconds, and taking out the ceramic metal model after soaking by using tweezers.
Step S10, metal cleaning and moisture adsorption: and (3) replacing water in the ultrasonic cleaning machine with new clean purified water, putting the porcelain metal model into the ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 5 minutes, and taking out the porcelain metal model with tweezers after cleaning. And then using clean non-fluff paper to adsorb residual moisture on the metal surface.
Step S11, drying: and (4) paving the porcelain metal model, placing the porcelain surface upwards, and drying the residual moisture by using a blower to obtain a porcelain metal finished product before the porcelain-applying process.
Example 2
Step S1, preparing a porcelain metal model: the porcelain metal model is printed on the substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology, the printing parameters are set to be the existing printing parameters, and a test block is added into the printing model.
Step S2, heat treatment: and putting the printed porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, specifically setting the temperature to 950 ℃ at the heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 60min, and then cooling along with the furnace.
Step S3, cutting and density measurement: the support is cut along the substrate surface using a wire saw, the support and substrate are separated, and excess support is removed using cutting pliers. And (5) carrying out density measurement on the test block, wherein the density value is 98.3%.
Step S4, gold turning: and (3) turning and polishing the surface of the porcelain metal model, wherein after the support polishing is finished, the surface has no sand holes or holes, and the sharp corner edge is polished into smooth transition.
Step S5, metal cleaning: and replacing new purified water by the ultrasonic cleaning machine, putting the porcelain metal model which is finished by lathing into the ultrasonic cleaning machine, cleaning for 5 minutes, and taking out the porcelain metal model from the ultrasonic cleaning machine by using tweezers after cleaning.
Step S6, drying the metal: and flatly paving the porcelain metal model taken out of the ultrasonic cleaning machine on the non-wool paper, and then drying the porcelain metal model by using warm air of a blower.
Step S7, metal oxidation: and putting the dried porcelain metal model into a porcelain furnace for oxidation, firstly drying the porcelain metal model in an oxidation process for 120 seconds, then heating to 980 ℃ in a vacuum environment, preserving heat for 1min, then cooling along with the furnace, and taking out after the oxidation is finished, and then cooling in an air cooling way.
Step S8, metal blasting: and (3) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the oxidized porcelain metal model, adopting 120-mesh aluminum oxide new sand, setting the sand blasting pressure to be 0.7Mpa, and checking that no sand hole exists on the surface of the porcelain metal after sand blasting.
Step S9, alcohol soaking: and (3) putting the ceramic metal model subjected to sand blasting into industrial alcohol for soaking for 120 seconds, and taking out the ceramic metal model after soaking by using tweezers.
Step S10, metal cleaning and moisture adsorption: and (3) replacing water in the ultrasonic cleaning machine with new clean purified water, putting the porcelain metal model into the ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 5 minutes, and taking out the porcelain metal model with tweezers after cleaning. And then, adsorbing residual moisture on the metal surface by using clean non-fluff paper.
Step S11, drying: and (4) paving the porcelain metal model, placing the porcelain surface upwards, and drying the residual moisture by using a blower to obtain a porcelain metal finished product before the porcelain-applying process.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that in S3 the test piece was measured to have a density of < 98% and was determined to be 97.5%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the metal cleaning and metal drying steps are not performed after the step of S4 gold lathing, the step of metal oxidation is directly performed, other steps are the same as example 1, and the compactness of the test block is measured to be more than 98%. Fig. 6 shows a photograph of comparative example 2 after the metal oxidation step.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the alcohol soaking step is not performed after the S8 metal blasting process, other processes are the same as example 1, and the density of the test piece is measured to be > 98%.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that no metal blasting step is performed after the metal oxidation step of S7, the other steps are the same as example 1, and the test piece was measured to have a density of > 98%. Fig. 7 shows a photograph of comparative example 4 after the metal oxidation step.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that in S10, no water adsorption was performed after metal washing, the other steps were the same as in example 1, and the density of the test piece was measured to be > 98%. Fig. 8 shows a photograph of comparative example 5 after drying, and traces of moisture remaining can be clearly seen.
According to the preparation processes of the above examples and comparative examples, 20 parts of the same porcelain metal model is prepared for each group, porcelain application is performed on the porcelain metal model, the conditions of bubbles, broken porcelain or cracked porcelain of the porcelain-applied product are observed, the golden porcelain bonding strength of each group is measured, and an average value is taken, and the results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the surfaces of the porcelain metal products obtained by examples 1 and 2 are remarkably superior to those of the respective proportions in terms of generation of bubbles, chipping or cracking of porcelain, and the binding strength of the porcelain. The density of the porcelain metal finished product of the comparative example 1 is less than 98%, so that more pores exist in the porcelain metal finished product, and in the porcelain roasting process, more pores exist on the metal surface and inside, so that the bonding strength with a porcelain body is reduced, a large number of holes exist, and finally, the porcelain is cracked, and air bubbles exist. Comparative example 2 after metal is turned, if the metal is not cleaned and dried, the gold and porcelain bonding strength of the metal and porcelain is affected by more impurities attached to the surface, and then the porcelain is cracked or cracked. Comparative example 3 no alcohol soak was performed after sand blasting, resulting in grease adhesion and thus affecting its cermet bonding strength. Comparative example 4 no metal blasting after metal oxidation resulted in unstable porcelain application and lower cermet bond strength. Comparative example 5 did not adsorb moisture, resulting in impurity residue, which still affected the cermet bonding.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed. The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the porcelain metal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a porcelain metal model: printing a porcelain metal model on a substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology, and adding a test block into the printing model;
s2, heat treatment: annealing the porcelain metal model, the test block and the substrate;
s3, cutting and density measurement: cutting and separating the test block and the porcelain metal model along the surface of the substrate, and measuring the density of the test block, wherein the density is not less than 98%;
s4, gold turning: performing turning and polishing on the surface of the porcelain metal model with the density meeting the requirements in the S3 to remove sand holes and smooth excessive sharp edges;
s5, oxidation: oxidizing the porcelain metal model subjected to gold turning, and cooling in air after the oxidization is finished;
s6, sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the oxidized porcelain metal model;
s7, cleaning and adsorbing: cleaning the porcelain metal model subjected to sand blasting, and adsorbing moisture;
s8, drying: and drying the porcelain metal model to obtain a porcelain metal finished product.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the porcelain metal mold is placed in an annealing furnace together with the substrate to be annealed, the temperature is raised to 920-980 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 15-20 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained for 50-70min, and then the porcelain metal mold is cooled in the furnace.
3. The process for producing porcelain metal according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the cutting separation is performed by using a wire cutter.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S5, the porcelain metal model is oxidized in a porcelain furnace, and the oxidation process comprises drying the porcelain metal model, heating to 970-990 ℃ in a vacuum environment, maintaining the temperature for 1-3min, and cooling in the furnace.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in S6, the blasting mesh number is set to 80-120 mesh, and the blasting pressure is set to 0.4-0.7 MPa.
6. The process of claim 1, further comprising a cleaning and drying step between the S4 gold and the S5 oxidation step.
7. The process for preparing porcelain metal according to claim 6, wherein the cleaning is carried out by an ultrasonic cleaning machine using purified water.
8. The process of claim 1, further comprising an alcohol dipping step between S6 and S7, wherein the porcelain metal mold subjected to sand blasting is dipped in alcohol.
9. A porcelain metal produced by the production process according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A porcelain tooth produced by using the porcelain metal according to claim 9.
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| CN116586635A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-15 | 成都科宁达科技有限公司 | Method for improving bonding performance of TC4 titanium alloy gold porcelain through selective laser cladding |
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