CN114946562B - Cultivation method for improving yield of eggplants - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving yield of eggplants Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946562B CN114946562B CN202210042121.7A CN202210042121A CN114946562B CN 114946562 B CN114946562 B CN 114946562B CN 202210042121 A CN202210042121 A CN 202210042121A CN 114946562 B CN114946562 B CN 114946562B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving the yield of eggplants, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) seedling raising after germination acceleration of eggplant seeds; (2) applying a biofertilizer to the planting soil; (3) Planting the seedlings into soil when the seedlings grow to be two leaves and one center, and cultivating; (4) The eggplant plants are irradiated by adopting red and blue composite light during the cultivation period; the biological fertilizer is prepared by fermenting chicken manure and wheat straw inoculated with rhizobium, bacillus pumilus, bacillus cereus and rhizopus oryzae. The bio-fertilizer and red-blue compound light irradiation technology are used in a coordinated manner, so that the accumulation of biomass of eggplant plants is promoted, the growth of root systems of eggplant plants and the absorption and utilization of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the eggplant plants are promoted, and the yield of eggplants is further effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a cultivation method for improving the yield of eggplants.
Background
The eggplant is suitable for high temperature conditions, and the eggplant grows slowly when the growth temperature is 25-30 ℃ and is lower than 15 ℃. In the environment with long temperature and strong sunlight, eggplants grow well, the quality of fruits is good, and the yield is high, so that the eggplants are mainly vegetable varieties produced in summer and autumn. In recent years, through developing sunlight greenhouse winter eggplant cultivation, annual supply is realized, economic benefit is improved, and the eggplant cultivation method is accepted by wide vegetable farmers. However, the current greenhouse cultivation also has the problem of lower yield, and the requirement of further improving the economic benefit is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method for improving the yield of eggplants, which solves the problems in the prior art and improves the yield of eggplants planted in a greenhouse.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a cultivation method for improving the yield of eggplants, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Seedling raising after germination of eggplant seeds;
(2) Applying a biological fertilizer to the planting soil;
(3) Planting the seedlings into soil when the seedlings grow to be two leaves and one center, and cultivating;
(4) The eggplant plants are irradiated by adopting red and blue composite light during the cultivation period;
the biofertilizer is prepared by fermenting chicken manure and wheat straw inoculated rhizobium, bacillus pumilus, bacillus cereus and rhizopus oryzae.
Further, the inoculation ratio of the rhizobia, the bacillus pumilus, the bacillus cereus and the rhizopus oryzae is 1:1:1:2.
Further, the fermentation conditions of the biofertilizer are as follows: fermenting at 25-40deg.C for 30d.
Further, in the step (2), the fertilizing amount of the biological fertilizer is 200g/m 2 。
Further, in step (4), the irradiation is performed for a period of time ranging from 6:00 to 18:00 per day.
Further, in the step (4), after seedling planting and before flowering, the quantum density ratio of red light to blue light in red Lan Fuge light is 2:5.
Further, in the step (4), after the plants bloom, the light quantum density ratio of red light and blue light in red Lan Fuge light is 3:2.
Further, in the step (4), the illumination intensities of the red Lan Fuge light are each 300. Mu. Mol.m -2 ·s -1 。
Further, during cultivation, the night temperature is controlled to be 16-18 ℃ and the day temperature is controlled to be 26-28 ℃.
Further, during cultivation, the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention utilizes a composite microbial agent consisting of nutrient synthesis bacteria (rhizobia), nutrient degradation bacteria (rhizopus oryzae) and antibacterial and disease-inhibiting bacteria (bacillus pumilus and bacillus cereus) to ferment and digest fermentation materials (animal fertilizers, plant straws and the like) to prepare the biological fertilizer, and the biological fertilizer has high nutrient content and is suitable for being absorbed and utilized by eggplant plants. The biological fertilizer and the red-blue compound light irradiation technology are used in a coordinated manner, so that accumulation of biomass of eggplant plants is promoted, more blue light is used for irradiation before eggplant seedlings enter a flowering period, growth of root systems of eggplant plants is promoted, when the eggplant enters the flowering period, the red-blue light proportion of compound light is adjusted, more red light is used for irradiation, absorption and utilization of the eggplant plants to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients are promoted, and further yield of the eggplant is effectively improved.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
In the following examples or comparative examples, the rhizobia used was soybean rhizobia powder. All the raw materials used in the invention are obtained by direct purchase.
In the following examples or comparative examples, the root system activity was measured by: accurately weighing 0.5g of seedling fibrous root, cutting into 2cm long segments, placing into test tube (2 mL,1 mol.L are added in blank) -1 H of (2) 2 SO 4 Taken out after 15min of soaking), 0.4% TTC and phosphate buffer (1/15 mol.L) were added to the tube -1 PH=7.0), 10mL was mixed in equal volume, sealed and placed in a constant temperature incubator at 37℃for 4 hours, taken out, and 2mL of 1 mol.L was added to the remaining test tubes except for the control -1 H of (2) 2 SO 4 Stopping the reaction, soaking for 15min, taking out the root system, sucking to dryness, grinding with 3-5mL of ethyl acetate and a small amount of quartz sand, filtering, transferring the extracting solution into a 10mL centrifuge tube, flushing with a small amount of ethyl acetate for multiple times, pouring into the centrifuge tube, and finally, metering the volume with ethyl acetate and colorizing at 485 nm. And checking a standard curve to obtain the reduction amount of the TTC.
The calculation formula is as follows: TTC reduction Strength (μg.g) -1 FW·h -1 ) TTC reduction amount (μg)/root weight (g)/time (h).
And determining the growth configuration of the root system by adopting Win RHIZO software and a root system scanner.
Example 1
Preparation of biological fertilizer:
(1) Inoculating rhizobium, bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and culturing to obtain strain concentration of 10 8 cfu/mL fermentation broth; inoculating Rhizopus oryzae into PDA liquid culture medium, and culturing to obtain strain with concentration of 10 8 cfu/mL fermentation broth.
(2) Taking 100kg of wheat straw and 30kg of chicken manure, adding 20kg of water, adding 200mL of rhizobium fermentation liquor, 200mL of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 200mL of bacillus cereus fermentation liquor and 400mL of rhizopus oryzae fermentation liquor, uniformly mixing, and fermenting for 30 days at 25-40 ℃ to prepare the biological fertilizer.
Example 2
The following experiments were carried out in a climatic chamber.
Eggplant cultivation experiment:
(1) After the eggplant seeds are subjected to conventional seed soaking and germination accelerating, seeds with consistent germination are selected to be sowed in the plug seedling tray for seedling.
(2) The biofertilizer prepared in example 1 was applied to soil in an amount of 200g/m 2 。
(3) When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one center, selecting the seedlings with consistent growth vigor to be planted in soil for cultivation.
(4) During cultivation, the indoor night temperature is controlled to be 16-18 ℃, the daytime temperature is controlled to be 26-28 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%; after field planting of seedlings and before flowering, an LED lamp (with the wavelength of red light of 650-670nm, the wavelength of blue light of 420-440nm and the quantum density ratio of red light to blue light of=2:5) is used for controlling the illumination intensity to be 300 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 Treating under the condition that the illumination time is 6:00-18:00 per day; after the plants bloom, an LED lamp (the wavelength of red light is 650-670nm, the wavelength of blue light is 420-440nm, the quantum density ratio of red light to blue light is=3:2) is used for illuminating with the light intensity of 300 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 The treatment is carried out under the condition that the illumination time is 6:00-18:00 of each day until harvest.
Experimental example 1
The difference from example 2 is that in step (4), the ratio of red and blue light quantum density is adjusted to 2:2, 2:4, 2:6, respectively, from after seedling planting to before flowering.
Experimental example 2
The difference from example 2 is that in step (4), the illumination intensities were adjusted to 250. Mu. Mol.m -2 ·s -1 And 350. Mu. Mol.m -2 ·s -1 。
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 2 is only that in step (4), white light irradiation is performed using an LED lamp, and red and blue light irradiation is not performed.
Comparative example 2
The difference with example 2 is that the biological fertilizer prepared in example 1 is not applied, the common compound fertilizer is applied, and the effective nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is more than or equal to 36%.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 2 is that in step (4), the quantum density ratio of red and blue light is always 2:5.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 2 is that in step (4), the quantum density ratio of red and blue light is always 3:2.
The statistical average yield results after cultivation in example 2, experimental examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1; after the cultivation of example 2 and experimental examples 1-2 was completed, 10 plants were randomly selected, and root growth indexes were measured, and the results are shown in table 2. As can be seen from Table 1, the biological fertilizer prepared in example 1 is applied and simultaneously combined with red and blue compound light irradiation, so that the yield of eggplants is effectively improved, and the light intensity is 350 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 The eggplant yield is highest; after seedling field planting to before flowering, when the red and blue light quantum density ratio=2:5, the growth of eggplant plant root system can be promoted.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation method for improving the yield of eggplants, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Seedling raising after germination of eggplant seeds;
(2) Applying a biological fertilizer to the planting soil;
(3) Planting the seedlings into soil when the seedlings grow to be two leaves and one center, and cultivating;
(4) The eggplant plants are irradiated by adopting red and blue composite light during the cultivation period;
the biological fertilizer is prepared by fermenting chicken manure and wheat straw inoculated rhizobium, bacillus pumilus, bacillus cereus and rhizopus oryzae;
in the step (4), after seedling planting and before flowering, the ratio of the light quantum density of red light to blue light in red Lan Fuge light is 2:5; after the plants bloom, the quantum density ratio of red light to blue light in red Lan Fuge light is 3:2.
2. A cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inoculation ratio of rhizobia, the bacillus pumilus, the bacillus cereus and the rhizopus oryzae is 1:1:1:2.
3. A cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation conditions of the biofertilizer are: fermenting at 25-40deg.C for 30d.
4. A cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the amount of the bio-fertilizer applied is 200g/m 2 。
5. A method of growing eggplant plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4) the irradiation is for a period of time of from 6:00 to 18:00 per day.
6. The cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the illumination intensity of the red Lan Fuge light is 300 μmol.m -2 ·s -1 。
7. A cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein during cultivation, the night temperature is controlled to 16-18 ℃ and the day temperature is controlled to 26-28 ℃.
8. A cultivation method for improving eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70% during cultivation.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107810801A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 蚌埠市徽吉星农业科技农民专业合作社 | A kind of high yield eggplant implantation methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105993562A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 固镇县华丰农业有限公司 | Seedling raising method for eggplants |
| CN106912284A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-04 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | A kind of implantation methods for improving eggplant early yield |
| CN112352678B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-01-07 | 江西环境工程职业学院 | Tissue culture rapid propagation technology for slash pine seedlings |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107810801A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 蚌埠市徽吉星农业科技农民专业合作社 | A kind of high yield eggplant implantation methods |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| LED复合光质对洛阳红形态和生理特性的影响;郭丽丽;刘改秀;郭琪;李昱莹;宋程威;侯小改;;核农学报(第05期);995-1000 * |
| 不同光质对水培脱毒马铃薯光合与结薯特性的影响;唐道彬;张晓勇;王季春;蒋玉春;敬夫;罗玉龙;白慧;黄廷荣;舒进康;陈永春;;园艺学报(第04期);691-702 * |
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| 光质对植物形态结构和生长的影响;王燕;张亚见;何茂盛;刘伟祥;孙悦;林漪萍;刘福霞;刘乃森;;安徽农业科学(第19期);28-31 * |
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