CN114946444B - Efficient tree climbing pruning machine - Google Patents
Efficient tree climbing pruning machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946444B CN114946444B CN202210774643.6A CN202210774643A CN114946444B CN 114946444 B CN114946444 B CN 114946444B CN 202210774643 A CN202210774643 A CN 202210774643A CN 114946444 B CN114946444 B CN 114946444B
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- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000141353 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/08—Other tools for pruning, branching or delimbing standing trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/08—Other tools for pruning, branching or delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/085—Motor-driven saws for pruning or branching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
A high-efficiency tree climbing pruning machine belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The tree-holding and tree-climbing device comprises an automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism, a tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism, a distance measuring device and an automatic control device, wherein the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism is arranged at the top of the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism, the distance measuring device is arranged on the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism, and the automatic control device is connected with the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism. The application aims to solve the problems that the labor intensity of manual pruning is high, the working efficiency is low, and the adaptability of the existing tree climbing pruner to trunks with different diameters and shapes is not strong; the machine body is light in weight and small in size, and is convenient for transportation and personnel on-site operation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a high-efficiency tree climbing pruning machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
Pruning is one of the important measures for tree cultivation. Pruning can improve the wood quality of the forest, increase the wood yield of the forest, improve ventilation and light transmittance in the forest, improve the growth condition of the forest and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. At present, pruning of trees and fruit picking of tall trees are mostly completed manually, most of the existing tree climbing pruning machines are complex in structure, large in weight and size, offset in machine gravity center, unbalanced in work, and unsatisfactory or unrealized in profile modeling tree holding, so that trunks with different upper and lower thicknesses or protruding knots are caused, the degree of cohesion between the tree climbing pruning machines and the trunk surfaces is poor, and the tree climbing pruning machines are unstable and weak in adaptability when climbing trees, so that the tree climbing machines are not popularized and popularized.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide an efficient tree climbing pruning machine to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application has been developed to solve the problems of high labor intensity, low working efficiency, and poor adaptability of the existing tree climbing pruner to trunks of different diameters and shapes, and a brief overview of the present application is given below to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the application. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the application or to delineate the scope of the application.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the utility model provides a tree pruner is climbed to high efficiency, includes automatic roll adjustment cutter mechanism, embraces tree climbing mechanism, rangefinder and automatic control device, rangefinder installs on embracing tree climbing mechanism, automatic roll adjustment cutter mechanism installs at embracing tree climbing mechanism top, automatic control device and embracing tree climbing mechanism establish and are connected.
Preferably: the automatic control device comprises a hydraulic station integrated system and a programmable logic controller, wherein the programmable logic controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic station integrated system and the distance measuring device, and the hydraulic station integrated system is connected with the tree-holding and climbing mechanism.
Preferably: the number of the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms is two, and the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms are arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism.
The application provides a technical scheme for solving the problem that a pruning mechanism automatically adjusts the position of a cutter in the pruning process to realize profiling pruning operation, which comprises the following steps:
preferably: the automatic distance adjusting cutter mechanism comprises a sliding mounting plate, a sliding mounting seat, a manual distance adjusting mechanism and an automatic distance adjusting mechanism, wherein the sliding mounting plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism, the sliding mounting seat is mounted on the sliding mounting plate, a sliding groove is formed between the sliding mounting plate and the sliding mounting seat, the manual distance adjusting mechanism is slidably mounted in the sliding groove, and the automatic distance adjusting mechanism is mounted at the top of the manual distance adjusting mechanism.
Preferably: the automatic distance adjusting mechanism comprises an automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, a cutter, a first limiting sliding shaft, a first spring and a limiting rod, wherein the right side of the cutter is slidingly installed inside the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, at least two limiting holes are formed in the cutter, a kidney-shaped through hole is formed in the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, the limiting rod is inserted into one of the limiting holes of the cutter, the limiting rod is arranged in the kidney-shaped through hole, one end of the first limiting sliding shaft is fixedly connected with the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, the other end of the first limiting sliding shaft penetrates through the right side end of the cutter and is in sliding fit with the end of the first limiting sliding shaft, the first spring is sleeved outside the first limiting sliding shaft, meanwhile, two ends of the first spring are respectively connected with the cutter and the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, and the left side of the cutter is provided with an arc pruning edge.
Preferably: the manual distance adjusting mechanism comprises a manual distance adjusting mechanism shell, a second limiting sliding shaft, a second spring, a vertical plate and a limiter, wherein the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell is slidably arranged in a chute, a sliding mounting plate is arranged below the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell, the top of the sliding mounting plate is vertically provided with the vertical plate, one end of the second limiting sliding shaft is fixedly connected with the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell, the other end of the second limiting sliding shaft penetrates through the vertical plate and is in sliding fit with the vertical plate, the second spring is sleeved on the outer side of the second limiting sliding shaft, meanwhile, two ends of the second spring are respectively connected with the vertical plate and the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell, the limiter is arranged on the sliding mounting plate, and the top of the inner side of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell is provided with a baffle plate;
preferably: the limiter comprises a limiting mechanism seat plate, a deflector rod, a limiting seat, a limiting sliding column and a third spring, wherein the limiting mechanism seat plate is fixedly arranged on the tree-holding and climbing mechanism, the deflector rod is rotatably arranged on the limiting mechanism seat plate, one end of the deflector rod is in sliding connection with the limiting seat, a limiting through hole is formed in the bottom of the sliding mounting plate in a processing mode, the limiting seat is in sliding fit with the limiting through hole, the limiting sliding column is vertically arranged at the bottom of the sliding mounting plate in a sliding mode, the top of the limiting sliding column is fixedly connected with the limiting seat, the third spring is sleeved on the limiting sliding column, and two ends of the third spring are respectively connected with the bottom of the limiting seat and the top of the sliding mounting plate in an establishing mode
The application aims to solve the problems of poor fitting degree between the existing tree-holding and tree-climbing device and the trunk surface, insufficient stability and poor adaptability during tree climbing, and the technical scheme is as follows:
preferably: the tree-holding and climbing mechanism comprises a left frame, a right frame, a left driving group, a right driving group, a hydraulic cylinder and a guide rail group, wherein two ends of the hydraulic cylinder and the guide rail group are respectively hinged with the left frame and the right frame, and the left driving group and the right driving group are respectively arranged on the left frame and the right frame;
the left driving group and the right driving group are of the same structure, the left driving group comprises a hydraulic motor, a driving worm wheel, a driving V-shaped belt wheel, a driven V-shaped belt wheel, a V-shaped transmission belt and a tensioning mechanism, the driving V-shaped belt wheel is rotatably arranged on a left frame, the tensioning mechanism is arranged on the left frame, the driven V-shaped belt wheel is rotatably arranged on the tensioning mechanism, the driving V-shaped belt wheel and the driven V-shaped belt wheel are connected through the V-shaped transmission belt, the hydraulic motor is arranged on the left frame, the driving worm is arranged at the output end of the hydraulic motor, the driving worm wheel is coaxially arranged on one side of the driving V-shaped belt wheel, and the driving worm wheel is meshed with the driving worm.
Preferably: the tensioning mechanism comprises a fixing seat, an adjusting seat and an adjusting stud, wherein the fixing seat is fixedly arranged on the left frame, the adjusting seat is in rotary connection with the driven V-shaped belt wheel, the adjusting seat is in sliding fit with the left frame, and the fixing seat is connected with the adjusting seat through the adjusting stud.
Preferably: the guide rail group comprises a first sliding block, a second sliding block and a guide rail, wherein the first sliding block and the second sliding block are in sliding connection with the guide rail, the first sliding block is hinged with the left frame, and the second sliding block is hinged with the right frame.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the tree-holding and climbing mechanism of the high-efficiency tree-climbing pruning machine has the characteristics of large climbing force, stable work, large pruning force, high efficiency and strong adaptability, and adopts double driving tree climbing;
2. the efficient tree climbing pruning machine has the advantages of light weight, small volume and convenience for transportation and personnel on-site operation;
3. according to the efficient tree climbing pruning machine, the tree holding and climbing mechanism is unique in V-shaped belt design and the left half body and right half body hinged structure, so that the V-shaped groove is attached to the arc-shaped surface of a trunk to realize profiling enclasping, and the tree holding effect is better;
4. the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism of the efficient tree climbing pruning machine can automatically adjust the position of the cutter, profile modeling pruning is carried out, and the position of the cutter is adjusted at any time according to tree shapes, so that the pruning effect is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a high efficiency climbing pruner;
FIG. 2 is a mating installation diagram of the automatic pitch-adjusting cutter mechanism and the tree-embracing and climbing mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the automatic pitch-adjusting cutter mechanism and tree-embracing and climbing mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the automatic pitch adjustment cutter mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the automatic pitch adjustment cutter mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic pitch adjustment cutter mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the tree-embracing and climbing mechanism of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the left drive-group of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the left drive-group of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a mating installation view of the hydraulic motor and drive worm of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a mating installation view of the tensioning mechanism and driven V-pulley of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a mating installation view of the drive V-pulley and drive worm gear of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a distance measuring device of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the distance measuring device of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a mating installation view of the limit seat of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a mating installation view of the stop of the present application;
FIG. 17 is a mating installation view of the limit seat and the slide mounting plate of the present application;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the slide mounting plate of the present application;
in the figure, the automatic distance adjusting cutter mechanism, the 2-tree-holding and climbing mechanism, the 3-distance measuring device, the 4-automatic control device, the 11-sliding mounting plate, the 11-1-sliding mounting seat, the 111-automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell, the 1111-kidney-shaped through hole, the 112-manual distance adjusting mechanism shell, the 1121-baffle, the 1122-limiting through hole, the 12-cutter, the 121-limiting hole, the 13-first limiting sliding shaft, the 14-first spring, the 15-limiting rod, the 16-second limiting sliding shaft, the 17-second spring, the 18-vertical plate, the 19-limiter, the 191-limiting mechanism seat plate, the 192-deflector rod, the 193-limiting seat, the 194-limiting sliding column and the 195-third spring are arranged;
the device comprises a left frame, a right frame, a left driving group, a right driving group, a 25-hydraulic cylinder, a 26-guide rail group, a 231-hydraulic motor, a 232-driving worm, a 233-driving worm wheel, a 234-driving V-shaped belt wheel, a 235-driven V-shaped belt wheel, a 236-V-shaped driving belt, a 237-tensioning mechanism, a 2371-fixing seat, a 2372-adjusting seat, a 2373-adjusting stud, a 261-first slider, a 263-second slider and a 262-guide rail;
31-an outer shell, 32-a travelling wheel, 33-a travelling wheel mounting seat, 34-a travelling wheel distance adjusting spring and 35-a travelling wheel guide post.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described below by means of specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present application.
The connection mentioned in the application is divided into a fixed connection and a detachable connection, wherein the fixed connection is a conventional fixed connection mode such as a non-detachable connection including but not limited to a hemmed connection, a rivet connection, an adhesive connection, a welded connection and the like, the detachable connection is a conventional detachable mode such as a threaded connection, a snap connection, a pin connection, a hinge connection and the like, and when a specific connection mode is not limited explicitly, at least one connection mode can be found in the conventional connection mode by default, so that the function can be realized, and a person skilled in the art can select the device according to needs. For example: the fixed connection is welded connection, and the detachable connection is hinged connection.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 18, a tree pruner is described in this embodiment, which includes an automatic distance-adjusting tool mechanism 1 and a tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, the automatic distance-adjusting tool mechanism 1 is installed at the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2 realizes automatic lifting and climbing, and the automatic distance-adjusting tool mechanism 1 prunes branches.
The tree-holding and climbing device further comprises a ranging device 3, wherein the ranging device 3 is arranged on the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2;
the distance measuring device 3 comprises an outer shell 31, travelling wheels 32, a travelling wheel mounting seat 33, a travelling wheel distance adjusting spring 34 and a travelling wheel guide post 35, wherein the outer shell 31 is fixedly arranged on the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, the travelling wheel guide post 35 is in sliding connection with the outer shell 31 and is fixedly connected with the travelling wheel mounting seat 33, the travelling wheels 32 are rotatably arranged on the travelling wheel mounting seat 33, the travelling wheel distance adjusting spring 34 is sleeved on the travelling wheel guide post 35, two ends of the travelling wheel guide post are respectively connected with the travelling wheel mounting seat 33 and the outer shell 31, an encoder coaxially connected with the distance measuring wheel is connected with a meter on the automatic control device through a wire, the climbing height is displayed, and the travelling wheels 32 are attached to the side walls of a trunk.
The automatic control device 4 comprises a hydraulic station integrated system and a programmable logic controller, wherein the programmable logic controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic station integrated system and the distance measuring device 3, and the hydraulic station integrated system is connected with the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2. The programmable logic controller controls working parameters such as system pressure, working speed, strength and direction of the working components of the hydraulic station integrated system, and the hydraulic station integrated system executes the control of the programmable logic controller on the parameters such as pressure, flow and the like of each working component.
The automatic distance adjusting cutter mechanism 1 comprises a sliding mounting plate 11, a sliding mounting seat 11-1, a manual distance adjusting mechanism and an automatic distance adjusting mechanism, wherein the sliding mounting plate 11 is fixedly arranged at the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, the sliding mounting seat 11-1 is arranged on the sliding mounting plate 11, a sliding groove 11-2 is formed between the sliding mounting plate 11 and the sliding mounting seat 11-1, the manual distance adjusting mechanism is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 11-2, and the automatic distance adjusting mechanism is arranged at the top of the manual distance adjusting mechanism.
The automatic distance adjusting mechanism comprises an automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111, a cutter 12, a first limiting slide shaft 13, a first spring 14 and a limiting rod 15, wherein the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111 is fixedly arranged at the top of the manual distance adjusting mechanism, the right side of the cutter 12 is laterally arranged inside the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111, at least two limiting holes 121 are formed in the cutter 12, a kidney-shaped through hole 1111 is formed in the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111, the limiting rod 15 is inserted into one limiting hole 121 of the cutter 12, the limiting rod 15 is arranged in the kidney-shaped through hole 1111, one end of the first limiting slide shaft 13 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111, the other end of the first limiting slide shaft 13 penetrates through the right side end of the cutter 12 and is in sliding fit with the first limiting slide shaft 13, meanwhile, two ends of the first spring 14 are respectively connected with the cutter 12 and the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell 111, the left side of the cutter 12 is provided with arc-shaped branches, the circular arc-shaped side wall of trees has a better effect, the kidney-shaped through hole 1111 is matched with the limiting rod 15, and the limiting rod 15 stretches out of the cutter 12 after the cutter 12 is controlled to stretch out and stretches out of the limiting rod 15 greatly. The arc pruning blade of the cutter 12 is made of a light high-strength alloy material and is provided with an upper blade and a lower blade, so that the whole device can prune in a high-efficiency way.
The manual distance adjusting mechanism comprises a manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112, a second limiting sliding shaft 16, a second spring 17, a vertical plate 18 and a limiter 19, wherein the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112 is slidably arranged in a chute 11-2, a sliding mounting plate 11 is arranged below the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112, the top of the sliding mounting plate 11 is vertically welded with the vertical plate 18, one end of the second limiting sliding shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112, the other end of the second limiting sliding shaft 16 penetrates through the vertical plate 18 and is in sliding fit with the vertical plate 18, the second spring 17 is sleeved outside the second limiting sliding shaft 16, meanwhile, two ends of the second spring 17 are respectively connected with the vertical plate 18 and the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112, the limiter 19 is arranged on the sliding mounting plate 11, and a baffle 1121 is arranged at the top of the inner side of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell 112; when the manual range-adjusting mechanism is started to work, the limit stopper 19 is adjusted, the manual range-adjusting mechanism shell 112 moves forwards, when the manual range-adjusting mechanism is not operated, the limit stopper 19 is adjusted, the manual range-adjusting mechanism shell 112 moves backwards, the manual range-adjusting mechanism shell 112 is limited by the limit stopper 19, the manual range-adjusting mechanism shell 112 is pushed to the working position, and the automatic range-adjusting mechanism and the cutter thereof on the manual range-adjusting mechanism shell 112 move forwards to the working position.
The limiter 19 comprises a limiting mechanism seat board 191, a deflector rod 192, a limiting seat 193, a limiting sliding column 194 and a third spring 195, wherein the limiting mechanism seat board 191 is fixedly arranged on the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, the deflector rod 192 is rotatably arranged on the limiting mechanism seat board 191, one end of the deflector rod 192 is in sliding contact with the limiting seat 193, a limiting through hole 1122 is processed at the bottom of the sliding mounting plate 11, the limiting seat 193 is in sliding fit with the limiting through hole 1122, the limiting sliding column 194 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the sliding mounting plate 11 in a sliding manner, the top of the limiting sliding column 194 is fixedly connected with the limiting seat 193, the third spring 195 is sleeved on the limiting sliding column 194, and two ends of the third spring 195 are respectively connected with the bottom of the limiting seat 193 and the top of the sliding mounting plate 11.
When the device does not work, one end of the deflector rod 192 is pulled, the sliding mounting plate 11 is pushed to enable the top of the limiting seat 193 to be located on the right side of the baffle 1121, after the deflector rod 192 is loosened, the top of the limiting seat 193 and the right side of the baffle 1121 are clamped and installed, the sliding mounting plate 11 freely slides on the right side of the baffle 1121, when the device does work, the deflector rod 192 is pulled, the sliding mounting plate 11 is pushed to enable the top of the limiting seat 193 to be located on the left side of the baffle 1121, after the deflector rod 192 is loosened, the top of the limiting seat 193 is not contacted with the baffle 1121, and the sliding mounting plate 11 freely slides on the left side of the baffle 1121.
The number of the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms 1 is two, and the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms are arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2. When the tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2 moves up and down on the trunk, the cutter 12 of the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism 1 can automatically adjust the extending distance according to the fluctuation of the surface of the tree trunk, so as to realize automatic distance-adjusting pruning.
The tree holding and climbing mechanism 2 comprises a left frame 21, a right frame 22, a left driving group 23, a right driving group 24, a hydraulic cylinder 25 and a guide rail group 26, wherein two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 25 and the guide rail group 26 are respectively hinged with the left frame 21 and the right frame 22, the left driving group 23 and the right driving group 24 are respectively arranged on the left frame 21 and the right frame 22, when the tree holding and climbing mechanism is used, the hydraulic cylinder 25 works, the inner sides of the left driving group 23 and the right driving group 24 clamp the trunk surface, the guide rail group 26 plays a role of guiding connection, and the design of double driving on the left side and the right side greatly improves the holding force and the driving power.
The left driving group 23, the right driving group 24 and the hydraulic cylinder 25 are connected with a hydraulic station integrated system of the automatic control device 4, and the programmable logic controller can control the hydraulic station integrated system to further realize control commands of the left driving group 23, the right driving group 24 and the hydraulic cylinder 25.
The left driving set 23 and the right driving set 24 are of the same structure, the left driving set 23 comprises a hydraulic motor 231, a driving worm 232, a driving worm wheel 233, a driving V-shaped belt wheel 234, a driven V-shaped belt wheel 235, a V-shaped transmission belt 236 and a tensioning mechanism 237, the driving V-shaped belt wheel 234 is rotatably arranged on the left frame 21, the tensioning mechanism 237 is arranged on the left frame 21, the driven V-shaped belt wheel 235 is rotatably arranged on the tensioning mechanism 237, the driving V-shaped belt wheel 234 and the driven V-shaped belt wheel 235 are connected through the V-shaped transmission belt 236, the hydraulic motor 231 is arranged on the left frame 21, the driving worm 232 is arranged at the output end of the hydraulic motor 231, the driving worm wheel 233 is coaxially arranged on one side of the driving V-shaped belt wheel 234, and the driving worm wheel 233 is meshed with the driving worm wheel 232.
The tensioning mechanism 237 comprises a fixing seat 2371, an adjusting seat 2372 and an adjusting stud 2373, the fixing seat 2371 is fixedly arranged on the left frame 21, the adjusting seat 2372 is in rotary connection with the driven V-shaped belt wheel 235, the adjusting seat 2372 is in sliding fit with the left frame 21, the fixing seat 2371 and the adjusting seat 2372 are connected through the adjusting stud 2373, when the hydraulic cylinder 25 is tightened, the left frame 21 and the right frame 22 are close to each other, the V-shaped belt 236 can be pressed on a trunk by both the driving V-shaped belt wheel 234 and the driven V-shaped belt wheel 235 on the left frame 21 and the right frame 22, the holding force is enhanced, and the power of the hydraulic motor 231 is transmitted to the driving V-shaped belt wheel 234 after the driving worm 232 and the driving worm wheel 233 are decelerated and torque increased.
The guide rail set 26 includes a first slider 261, a second slider 263 and a guide rail 262, where the first slider 261 and the second slider 263 establish sliding connection with the guide rail 262, the first slider 261 is hinged with the left frame 21 through a hinge support, the second slider 263 is hinged with the right frame 22 through a hinge support, and the hinge support enables the first slider 261 and the second slider 263 to achieve relative angular deflection.
The cross section of V-arrangement drive belt 236 is the V-arrangement, and processing has the V-arrangement groove of laminating with V-arrangement drive belt 236 cross section on driving V-arrangement band pulley 234 and the driven V-arrangement band pulley 235, and the angle scope of V-arrangement groove is 90 to 150, and the purpose of so setting is that driving V-arrangement band pulley 234 and driven V-arrangement band pulley 235 laminate with V-arrangement drive belt 236 more, and the unique V-arrangement band design makes the V-arrangement groove that it has direction, location and the arc surface of laminating trunk more, and the tree-holding effect is better.
The efficient climbing pruning machine can prune woodland standing trees with the chest diameter of about 8 centimeters or more, the pruning diameter is less than 2 centimeters, and when the trunk meets climbing conditions, a person can control the operation height and speed.
The efficient tree climbing pruning machine solves the difficult problem that large machinery cannot realize tree pruning, and adopts the current conditions that manual pruning is high in labor intensity, low in working efficiency and difficult to guarantee pruning quality. The efficient tree climbing pruning machine is divided into a working machine and a control machine, and the working machine and the control machine are connected through a pipeline and an electric wire. The working machine can perform operations such as tree holding, tree climbing, pruning and the like, and the control machine controls the working machine and outputs power through pipelines and the like on the ground. The working machine specifically comprises an automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism 1, a tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2, a distance measuring device 3 and an automatic control device 4. The tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2 has the functions of holding the trunk and climbing the tree. Meanwhile, the distance measuring device 3 is an automatic distance-adjusting type distance measuring wheel mechanism, can output operation height data to the controller, and effectively controls pruning height. The tree-holding and climbing mechanism 2 is arranged at the lower part of the working machine, and the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism 1 is arranged at the upper part of the working machine. When the trunk is held tightly, the position of the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism 1 is adjusted through simple operation of a person before pruning operation is started, and the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism 1 automatically adjusts the cutter position in the pruning process, so that profiling pruning operation is realized. The development of the climbing pruning machine can effectively solve the pruning problem of standing woods in the forest land, and compared with the traditional manual pruning, the climbing pruning machine reduces the labor intensity of personnel, improves the working efficiency, improves the pruning quality, realizes automatic control, saves manpower, reduces the cost and promotes the development of the forestry industry.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions that are not contradictory can be arranged and combined, those skilled in the art can exhaust all the possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of the arrangement and combination, so the present application does not describe the technical solutions after the arrangement and combination one by one, but should be understood that the technical solutions after the arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present application.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient tree pruner of climbing which characterized in that: the automatic tree-holding and tree-climbing device comprises an automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism (1), a tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism (2), a distance measuring device (3) and an automatic control device (4), wherein the distance measuring device (3) is arranged on the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism (2), the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanism (1) is arranged at the top of the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism (2), and the automatic control device (4) is connected with the tree-holding and tree-climbing mechanism (2);
the automatic control device (4) comprises a hydraulic station integrated system and a programmable logic controller, the programmable logic controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic station integrated system and the distance measuring device (3), and the hydraulic station integrated system is connected with the tree-holding and climbing mechanism (2);
the automatic distance adjusting cutter mechanism (1) comprises a sliding mounting plate (11), a sliding mounting seat (11-1), a manual distance adjusting mechanism and an automatic distance adjusting mechanism, wherein the sliding mounting plate (11) is mounted at the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism (2), the sliding mounting seat (11-1) is mounted on the sliding mounting plate (11), a sliding groove (11-2) is formed between the sliding mounting plate (11) and the sliding mounting seat (11-1), the manual distance adjusting mechanism is slidably mounted in the sliding groove (11-2), and the automatic distance adjusting mechanism is mounted at the top of the manual distance adjusting mechanism;
the automatic distance adjusting mechanism comprises an automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111), a cutter (12), a first limiting sliding shaft (13), a first spring (14) and a limiting rod (15), wherein the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111) is fixedly arranged at the top of the manual distance adjusting mechanism, the cutter (12) is mounted in the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111) in a right sliding mode, at least two limiting holes (121) are formed in the cutter (12), a kidney-shaped through hole (1111) is formed in the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111), the limiting rod (15) is inserted in one of the limiting holes (121) of the cutter (12), the limiting rod (15) is arranged in the kidney-shaped through hole (1111), one end of the first limiting sliding shaft (13) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111), the other end of the first limiting sliding shaft (13) penetrates through the right end of the cutter (12) and is in sliding fit with the same, meanwhile, the first spring (14) is sleeved on the outer side of the first limiting sliding shaft (13), two ends of the first spring (14) are respectively connected with the cutter (12) and the side wall of the automatic distance adjusting mechanism outer shell (111), and the cutter (12) is provided with an arc-shaped cutting edge;
the manual distance adjusting mechanism comprises a manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112), a second limiting sliding shaft (16), a second spring (17), a vertical plate (18) and a limiter (19), wherein the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112) is slidably installed in a sliding groove (11-2), a sliding installation plate (11) is arranged below the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112), the vertical plate (18) is vertically arranged at the top of the sliding installation plate (11), one end of the second limiting sliding shaft (16) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112), the other end of the second limiting sliding shaft (16) penetrates through the vertical plate (18) and is in sliding fit with the vertical plate, the second spring (17) is sleeved outside the second limiting sliding shaft (16), meanwhile, two ends of the second spring (17) are respectively connected with the vertical plate (18) and the side wall of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112), the limiter (19) is arranged on the sliding installation plate (11), and a baffle (1121) is arranged at the top of the inner side of the manual distance adjusting mechanism shell (112);
the limiting device comprises a limiting mechanism seat plate (191), a deflector rod (192), a limiting seat (193), a limiting sliding column (194) and a third spring (195), wherein the limiting mechanism seat plate (191) is fixedly arranged on a tree-holding and climbing mechanism (2), the deflector rod (192) is rotatably arranged on the limiting mechanism seat plate (191), one end of the deflector rod (192) is in sliding contact with the limiting seat (193), a limiting through hole (1122) is formed in the bottom of the sliding mounting plate (11), the limiting seat (193) is in sliding fit with the limiting through hole (1122), the limiting sliding column (194) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the sliding mounting plate (11) in a sliding manner, the top of the limiting sliding column (194) is fixedly connected with the limiting seat (193), the third spring (195) is sleeved on the limiting sliding column (194), and two ends of the third spring (195) are respectively connected with the bottom of the limiting seat (193) and the top of the sliding mounting plate (11);
the number of the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms (1) is two, and the automatic distance-adjusting cutter mechanisms are arranged on the left side and the right side of the top of the tree-holding and climbing mechanism (2).
2. The efficient climbing pruner as recited in claim 1, wherein: the tree-holding and climbing mechanism (2) comprises a left frame (21), a right frame (22), a left driving group (23), a right driving group (24), a hydraulic cylinder (25) and a guide rail group (26), wherein two ends of the hydraulic cylinder (25) are respectively hinged with the left frame (21) and the right frame (22), two ends of the guide rail group (26) are respectively hinged with the left frame (21) and the right frame (22), and the left driving group (23) and the right driving group (24) are respectively arranged on the left frame (21) and the right frame (22);
the left driving group (23) and the right driving group (24) are of the same structure, the left driving group (23) comprises a hydraulic motor (231), a driving worm (232), a driving worm wheel (233), a driving V-shaped belt wheel (234), a driven V-shaped belt wheel (235), a V-shaped transmission belt (236) and a tensioning mechanism (237), the driving V-shaped belt wheel (234) is rotatably mounted on a left frame (21), the tensioning mechanism (237) is mounted on the left frame (21), the driven V-shaped belt wheel (235) is rotatably mounted on the tensioning mechanism (237), the driving V-shaped belt wheel (234) and the driven V-shaped belt wheel (235) are connected through the V-shaped transmission belt (236), the hydraulic motor (231) is mounted on the left frame (21), the driving worm (232) is mounted at the output end of the hydraulic motor (231), the driving worm wheel (233) is coaxially mounted on one side of the driving V-shaped belt wheel (234), and the driving worm wheel (233) is meshed with the driving worm (232).
3. The efficient climbing pruner as recited in claim 2, further comprising: tensioning mechanism (237) include fixing base (2371), adjust seat (2372) and adjust double-screw bolt (2373), fixing base (2371) fixed mounting is on left frame (21), adjusts seat (2372) and driven V-arrangement band pulley (235) and establish rotation connection, adjusts seat (2372) and left frame (21) sliding fit, and fixing base (2371) and adjust seat (2372) establish connection through adjusting double-screw bolt (2373).
4. A high efficiency climbing pruner as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the guide rail group (26) comprises a first sliding block (261), a second sliding block (263) and a guide rail (262), wherein the first sliding block (261) and the second sliding block (263) are in sliding connection with the guide rail (262), the first sliding block (261) is hinged with the left frame (21), and the second sliding block (263) is hinged with the right frame (22).
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| CN202210774643.6A CN114946444B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Efficient tree climbing pruning machine |
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| CN202210774643.6A CN114946444B (en) | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-01 | Efficient tree climbing pruning machine |
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| CN114946444B true CN114946444B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
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| CN114946444A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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