CN114946354A - Variable rate fertilizer injection unit - Google Patents
Variable rate fertilizer injection unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946354A CN114946354A CN202210679487.5A CN202210679487A CN114946354A CN 114946354 A CN114946354 A CN 114946354A CN 202210679487 A CN202210679487 A CN 202210679487A CN 114946354 A CN114946354 A CN 114946354A
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- fertilization
- valve
- fertilizing
- way valve
- fertilizer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/04—Fertiliser distributors using blowers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/02—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides a variable rate fertilization device, which comprises an installation frame, a fertilization device, an air conveying device and a control unit, wherein the installation frame is provided with a plurality of installation holes; the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizing driving motor, a fertilizing driving shaft and a fertilizing assembly; the control unit comprises a controller, an oil tank, a power source, a transfer case, a fan driving loop and a fertilization driving loop; the fan driving loop comprises a fan driving pump, a speed regulating valve A, a speed regulating valve B, a speed regulating valve C, a two-position two-way valve A, a two-position two-way valve B and a two-position two-way valve C; the variable rate fertilization device can accurately control the rotating speed of the fertilization driving motor, so that the accurate control of the fertilization amount is realized; the rotating speed of the fan driving motor is adjustable in a step-by-step mode at 8 gear, so that not only can the fertilizer be prevented from being blocked in the fertilizer guide hose, but also the fertilizer can be adjusted in the soil penetration depth, and the agricultural requirements of different crops and soil conditions are met; the fertilizer is discharged through the reverse rotation of the fertilizer application driving motor, and the problem that the traditional mechanical fertilizer application and fertilizer discharge are difficult is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a variable rate fertilization device.
Background
Along with the development of precision agriculture, variable rate fertilization technology is gradually started, and related researches show that the yield of main grain crops such as rice and wheat can be increased by more than 5.0% through precision variable rate fertilization, and the application rate of fertilizers is reduced by more than 10%. Traditional mechanical fertilizer injection unit can't realize the accurate control of rate of fertilizer application. Inaccurate application of the fertilizer can seriously waste fertilizer resources, cause soil hardening and accelerated soil quality decline, increase agricultural production cost and reduce quality of agricultural products. In addition, the condition that fertilizer blockked up the fertilization pipe appears easily in traditional mechanical type fertilizer injection unit, influences the smooth of fertilization operation and goes on, has the difficult problem of row fertile moreover.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a variable fertilizing device which can realize the accurate control of the fertilizing amount, prevent the fertilizer from being blocked by a fertilizer guide hose, realize the adjustable depth of the fertilizer in the soil and overcome the problem of difficult fertilizer application and discharge of the traditional mechanical type.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a variable rate fertilization device comprises a mounting rack, wherein a fertilization device, an air conveying device and a control unit are arranged on the mounting rack; the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizing driving motor, a fertilizing driving shaft and a plurality of fertilizing assemblies arranged side by side; the fertilizing component comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer applicator assembly; the fertilization driving motor and the fertilizer applicator assemblies are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, the fertilization driving shaft sequentially penetrates through the fertilizer applicator assemblies and is in transmission connection with the fertilizer applicator assemblies, and one end of the fertilization driving shaft is in transmission connection with the fertilization driving motor; the bottom of the fertilizer applicator assembly is provided with a fertilizer applying opening, and the top of the fertilizer applicator assembly is connected with a fertilizer box; the fertilizer applying opening is connected with a fertilizer guiding hose; the air supply device comprises a fan driving motor and a fertilizing fan which are in transmission connection, and the fertilizing fan is connected with a fertilizing air pipe; a fertilization air duct is arranged on the mounting frame, and the fertilization air duct and the fertilization port are respectively communicated with the fertilization air duct;
the control unit comprises a controller, an oil tank, a power source, a transfer case, a fan driving loop and a fertilization driving loop; the transfer case is in transmission connection with the power source;
the fan driving loop comprises a fan driving pump, a speed regulating valve A, a speed regulating valve B, a speed regulating valve C, a two-position two-way valve A, a two-position two-way valve B and a two-position two-way valve C; an oil outlet of the fan driving pump is respectively and correspondingly connected with a port B of the two-position two-way valve A, a port B of the two-position two-way valve B and a port B of the two-position two-way valve C through a speed regulating valve A, a speed regulating valve B and a speed regulating valve C; the port A of the two-position two-way valve A, the port A of the two-position two-way valve B and the port A of the two-position two-way valve C are respectively connected with an oil inlet of a fan driving motor;
the fertilization driving circuit comprises a fertilization driving pump, an encoder A, an encoder B, a flow sensor, a three-position four-way reversing valve, a one-way valve A, a one-way valve B, a one-way valve C, a one-way valve D, a speed regulating valve D, a pressure sensor, a proportional overflow valve and a two-position two-way valve D; an oil outlet of the fertilization driving pump is connected with a port P of the three-position four-way reversing valve, and a flow sensor is arranged between the fertilization driving pump and the three-position four-way reversing valve; the input end of the one-way valve A is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve, the output end of the one-way valve A is connected with the input end of the one-way valve C through the speed regulating valve D, and the output end of the one-way valve C is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor through the pressure sensor; the output end of the one-way valve B is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve, the input end of the one-way valve B is connected with the output end of the one-way valve D through a speed regulating valve D, and the input end of the one-way valve D is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor through a pressure sensor; an oil inlet of the proportional overflow valve and an A port of the two-position two-way valve D are respectively connected with a B port of the fertilization driving motor, and an oil outlet of the proportional overflow valve and a B port of the two-position two-way valve D are respectively connected with a B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve; the encoder A is in transmission connection with the fertilization driving pump; the encoder B is in transmission connection with the fertilizer applicator assembly;
an oil inlet of the fan driving pump, an oil outlet of the fan driving motor, an oil inlet of the fertilization driving pump and an oil return port of the three-position four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil tank;
the fan driving pump and the fertilization driving pump are respectively in transmission connection with the transfer case; the encoder A, the encoder B, the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with the controller respectively.
Preferably, the fertilization air channel comprises a left air channel and a right air channel which are not communicated with each other; the left air duct and the right air duct are respectively communicated with the fertilizing ports on the corresponding sides of the mounting rack.
Preferably, the fertilization air pipe is a three-way pipe, the air inlet end is connected with the fertilization fan, and the two air outlet ends are respectively connected with the left air duct and the right air duct.
Preferably, two air outlet ends of the fertilization air pipe are respectively connected to the rightmost end of the left air duct and the leftmost end of the right air duct.
Preferably, the fertilization driving pump is an electrically controlled variable pump.
Preferably, the speed regulating valve A, the speed regulating valve B, the speed regulating valve C and the speed regulating valve D are all formed by combining a pressure compensator and a variable throttle valve.
Preferably, the oil inlet of the safety valve A is connected to the oil outlet of the fan driving pump, and the oil outlet of the safety valve A is connected with the oil tank.
Preferably, the fertilizer application driving pump further comprises a safety valve B, an oil inlet of the safety valve B is connected to an oil outlet of the fertilizer application driving pump, and an oil outlet of the safety valve B is connected with the oil tank.
Preferably, the controller is electrically connected with a speed measuring radar for measuring the walking speed of the variable fertilizing device and feeding the walking speed back to the controller in real time.
The variable rate fertilization device can accurately control the rotating speed of the fertilization driving motor, so that the accurate control of the fertilization amount is realized; the rotating speed of the fan driving motor is adjustable in a step-by-step mode at 8 gear, so that not only can the fertilizer be prevented from being blocked in the fertilizer guide hose, but also the fertilizer can be adjusted in the soil penetration depth, and the agricultural requirements of different crops and soil conditions are met; the fertilizer is discharged through the reverse rotation of the fertilizer application driving motor, and the problem that the traditional mechanical fertilizer application and fertilizer discharge are difficult is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a control system of the present invention.
Wherein:
1. a mounting frame; 2. fertilizing; 3. a fertilizer applicator assembly; 4. fertilizer box; 5. a fertilization drive shaft; 6. a fertilization drive motor; 7. a right air duct; 8. a left air duct; 9. a fan drive motor; 10. a fertilizing fan; 11. a fertilizing air pipe; 12. a power source; 13. a transfer case; 14. an oil tank; 15. a fan-driven pump; 16. a safety valve A; 17. a speed regulating valve A; 18. a two-position two-way valve A; 19. a speed regulating valve B; 20. a two-position two-way valve B; 21. a speed regulating valve C; 22. a two-position two-way valve C; 23. a fertilization drive pump; 24. an encoder A; 25. a safety valve B; 26. a flow sensor; 27. a three-position four-way reversing valve; 28. a one-way valve A; 29. a check valve B; 30. a check valve C; 31. a check valve D; 32. a speed regulating valve D; 33. a pressure sensor; 34. an encoder B; 35. a proportional relief valve; 36. two-position two-way valve D.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the variable rate fertilization device comprises a mounting frame 1, wherein a fertilization device, an air supply device and a control unit are arranged on the mounting frame 1; the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizing driving motor 6, a fertilizing driving shaft 5 and a plurality of fertilizing assemblies arranged side by side; the fertilizing component comprises a fertilizer box 4 and a fertilizer applicator assembly 3; the fertilizer applicator assembly 3 is an existing product, and the fertilizer applicator adopts a wheel groove type structure; the fertilization driving motor 6 and the fertilizer applicator assemblies 3 are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 1, the fertilization driving shaft 5 sequentially penetrates through the fertilizer applicator assemblies 3 and is in transmission connection with the fertilizer applicator assemblies 3, one end of the fertilization driving shaft 5 is in transmission connection with the fertilization driving motor 6, and the fertilization driving motor 6 can drive the fertilizer applicator assemblies 3 to synchronously move through the fertilization driving shaft 5 after being started; the bottom of the fertilizer applicator assembly 3 is provided with a fertilizer applying opening 2, and the top is connected with a fertilizer box 4; the fertilizer applying opening 2 is connected with a fertilizer guiding hose which can accurately convey the fertilizer to a target position; the air supply device comprises a fan driving motor 9 and a fertilizing fan 10 which are in transmission connection, the fan driving motor 9 can drive the fertilizing fan 10 to operate after being started, and the fertilizing fan 10 is connected with a fertilizing air pipe 11; a fertilization air channel is arranged on the mounting frame 1, the fertilization air pipe 11 and the fertilization port 2 are respectively communicated with the fertilization air channel, air flow generated by the fertilization fan 10 enters the fertilization air channel through the fertilization air pipe 11, accelerated air flow in the fertilization air channel is conveyed to each fertilizer guide hose, and waste materials falling from the fertilization port 2 are conveyed to a target position;
as shown in fig. 3, the control unit includes a controller, an oil tank 14, a power source 12, a transfer case 13, a fan drive circuit, and a fertilization drive circuit; the transfer case 13 is in transmission connection with the power source 12;
the fan driving loop comprises a fan driving pump 15, a speed regulating valve A17, a speed regulating valve B19, a speed regulating valve C21, a two-position two-way valve A18, a two-position two-way valve B20 and a two-position two-way valve C22; an oil outlet of the fan driving pump 15 is correspondingly connected with a port B of the two-position two-way valve A18, a port B of the two-position two-way valve B20 and a port B of the two-position two-way valve C22 through a speed regulating valve A17, a speed regulating valve B19 and a speed regulating valve C21 respectively; the port A of the two-position two-way valve A18, the port A of the two-position two-way valve B20 and the port A of the two-position two-way valve C22 are respectively connected with an oil inlet of the fan driving motor 9;
the fertilization driving circuit comprises a fertilization driving pump 23, an encoder A24, an encoder B34, a flow sensor 26, a three-position four-way reversing valve 27, a check valve A28, a check valve B29, a check valve C30, a check valve D31, a speed regulating valve D32, a pressure sensor 33, a proportional overflow valve 35 and a two-position two-way valve D36; an oil outlet of the fertilization driving pump 23 is connected with a port P of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27, and a flow sensor 26 is arranged between the fertilization driving pump 23 and the three-position four-way reversing valve 27; the input end of the one-way valve A28 is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27, the output end is connected with the input end of the one-way valve C30 through the speed regulating valve D32, and the output end of the one-way valve C30 is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor 6 through the pressure sensor 33; the output end of the one-way valve B29 is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27, the input end of the one-way valve B29 is connected with the output end of the one-way valve D31 through the speed regulating valve D32, and the input end of the one-way valve D31 is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor 6 through the pressure sensor 33; an oil inlet of the proportional overflow valve 35 and an A port of the two-position two-way valve D36 are respectively connected with a B port of the fertilization driving motor 6, and an oil outlet of the proportional overflow valve 35 and a B port of the two-position two-way valve D36 are respectively connected with a B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27; the encoder A24 is in transmission connection with the fertilization drive pump 23; the encoder B34 is in transmission connection with the fertilizer applicator assembly;
an oil inlet of the fan driving pump 15, an oil outlet of the fan driving motor 9, an oil inlet of the fertilization driving pump 23 and an oil return port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27 are respectively connected with the oil tank 14;
the fan driving pump 15 and the fertilization driving pump 23 are respectively in transmission connection with the transfer case 13; the encoder a24, the encoder B34, the flow sensor 26, and the pressure sensor 33 are electrically connected to the controller, respectively.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the fertilizing air duct includes a left air duct 8 and a right air duct 7 which are not communicated with each other; left side wind channel 8 and right side wind channel 7 respectively with the fertilization mouth 2 intercommunication of the corresponding side on the mounting bracket 1, make the wind pressure of each fertilization mouth 2 department of left side part, right side part on the mounting bracket 1 close, fertilize more evenly.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the fertilization air duct 11 is a three-way duct, the air inlet end is connected with the fertilization fan 10, and the two air outlet ends are respectively connected with the left air duct 8 and the right air duct 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, two air outlet ends of the fertilization air duct 11 are respectively connected to the rightmost end of the left air duct 8 and the leftmost end of the right air duct 7.
Further, the fertilization driving pump 23 is an electrically controlled variable pump.
Furthermore, the speed regulating valve A17, the speed regulating valve B19, the speed regulating valve C21 and the speed regulating valve D32 are all formed by combining a pressure compensator and a variable throttle valve.
Further, the oil outlet of the oil tank 14 is connected with an oil inlet of a safety valve A16, an oil inlet of a safety valve A16 is connected to an oil outlet of the fan driving pump 15, and an oil outlet of a safety valve A16 is connected with the oil tank.
Further, the fertilizer distributor also comprises a safety valve B25, an oil inlet of the safety valve B25 is connected to an oil outlet of the fertilizing drive pump 23, and an oil outlet of the safety valve B25 is connected with the oil tank 14.
Furthermore, the controller is electrically connected with a speed measuring radar for measuring the walking speed of the variable fertilizing device and feeding the walking speed back to the controller in real time.
The working process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fan drive circuit: the power source 12 drives the fan driving pump 15 to rotate through the transfer case 13, and the fan driving pump 15 sucks oil from the oil tank 14. The rotating speed of the fertilizing fan 10 can be adjusted in A8-gear step mode through the on-off combination of the two-position two-way valve A18, the two-position two-way valve B20 and the two-position two-way valve C22. When the two-position two-way valve a18, the two-position two-way valve B20, and the two-position two-way valve C22 all operate in the left position, the rotation speed of the fan drive motor 9 is the highest, and when the two-position two-way valve a18, the two-position two-way valve B20, and the two-position two-way valve C22 all operate in the right position, the rotation speed of the fan drive motor 9 is 0. The flow rates of the speed regulating valve A17, the speed regulating valve B19 and the speed regulating valve C21 are different. The relief valve a16 is used to set the relief pressure of the fan drive circuit.
The fertilizing fan 10 has two main functions: (1) the fertilization fan 10 drives air to flow in an accelerated manner, and the accelerated air is blown into the fertilization air channel and the fertilizer guide hose in sequence, so that the fertilizer can be prevented from being blocked in the fertilizer guide hose; (2) the blowing of the fertilizing fan 10 can make the fertilizer have a certain initial speed when flowing out of the fertilizer guiding hose, and the size of the initial speed can determine the soil penetration depth of the fertilizer. When the rotating speed of the fertilizing fan 10 is maximum, the fertilizer penetration depth is maximum. This effect is particularly pronounced when fertilizing paddy fields.
Fertilization drive circuit: fertilization driving pump 23 is automatically controlled formula variable pump, and to fertilizer injection unit, power supply 12 often is tractor power output shaft or transplanter power output shaft, and there is fluctuation in the rotational speed of this type of power supply 12, follows the change of engine speed and changes, and fertilization driving pump 23 accessible self discharge capacity's change guarantees that its output flow is unchangeable, can ensure that the flow of fertilization driving circuit satisfies fertilization driving motor 6's rotational speed requirement all the time. If power source 12 is rotating 1000rpm, the displacement of fertilization drive pump 23 is 20ml/rev, and when power source 12 is rotating up to 2000rpm, the displacement of fertilization drive pump 23 may be automatically adjusted to 10 ml/rev. The rotational speed of power source 12 is monitored by encoder A24 and fed back to the controller. The flow sensor 26 transmits the flow information to the controller in real time, and the flow information is compared with the theoretical flow obtained by combining the rotating speed of the encoder A24 and the real-time discharge capacity of the fertilization driving pump 23 to form closed-loop feedback control, so that the discharge capacity of the fertilization driving pump 23 is further adjusted, and the control precision is improved.
When the fertilizing machine is in a fertilizing state, the three-position four-way reversing valve 27 is connected in the left position, the two-position two-way valve D36 is connected in the right side, hydraulic oil output by the oil outlet of the fertilizing drive pump 23 sequentially flows through the flow sensor 26, the three-position four-way reversing valve 27, the one-way valve A28, the speed regulating valve D32 and the one-way valve C30 and flows into the port A of the fertilizing drive motor 6, hydraulic oil flowing out of the port B of the fertilizing drive motor 6 flows to the oil inlet of the proportional overflow valve 35, and the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank 14 through the oil outlet of the proportional overflow valve 35 and the oil return port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27. In the fertilizing state, the working pressure of the fertilizing driving motor 6 is monitored by the pressure sensor 33, the optimal working pressure of the fertilizing driving motor 6 is input into the controller in advance, and the comprehensive efficiency of the fertilizing driving motor 6 under the pressure is highest. If the pressure monitored by the pressure sensor 33 is P1, the optimum working pressure is P2, and P2 > P1, the controller sets the opening pressure of the proportional relief valve 35 to (P2-P1), so as to ensure that the fertilization drive motor 6 works at the optimum pressure point. So configured, there are two benefits: (1) the fertilization driving motor 6 can be ensured to work in the state of highest efficiency, and the fertilization driving motor 6 has higher rotating speed control precision; (2) the opening pressure of the proportional overflow valve 35 can ensure that the fertilization driving motor 6 has a certain back pressure, prevent the oil output from the port B of the fertilization driving motor 6 from entering air, and improve the speed rigidity of the fertilization driving motor 6. The rotating speed of the fertilization driving motor 6 is regulated by a speed regulating valve D32, a fertilization mode with a traveling speed variable is adopted, namely the rotating speed of the fertilization driving motor 6 is in direct proportion to the traveling speed, a proportionality coefficient k is adjustable, and the expression is as follows:
N＝kV
wherein N is the rotating speed of the fertilization driving motor 6, k is a proportionality coefficient, and V is a walking speed. Meanwhile, the encoder B34 transmits actual rotating speed information to the controller in real time, the actual rotating speed information is compared with the theoretical rotating speed to form closed-loop feedback control, the controller adopts a PID algorithm to further adjust the opening degree of the speed regulating valve D32, and the rotating speed control precision is improved.
When the fertilizer is in a fertilizer discharging state (indicating that the fertilizer is not applied, the fertilizer of the fertilizer box 4 and the fertilizer applicator is discharged to prevent corrosion), the fertilizer applicator assembly 3 needs to rotate in the opposite direction, at this time, the right position of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27 is connected, the left side of the two-position two-way valve D36 is connected, the opening pressure of the proportional overflow valve 35 is adjusted to be far higher than the working pressure of the fertilization driving motor 6, and the hydraulic oil output by the oil outlet of the fertilization driving pump 23 sequentially flows through the flow sensor 26, the three-position four-way reversing valve 27, the two-position two-way valve D36, the fertilization driving motor 6, the one-way valve D31, the speed regulating valve D32 and the one-way valve B29 and finally flows back to the oil tank 14 through the oil return port of the three-position four-way reversing valve 27. In the fertilizer discharging state, the rotation speed of the fertilizer driving motor 6 is kept at a constant value, and the value is determined by the opening degree of the speed regulating valve D32.
The decision as to whether to be in the fertilizing or fertilizing state is determined by information fed back by encoder B34.
And measuring the walking speed by adopting a speed measuring radar and feeding the walking speed back to the controller in real time.
Claims (9)
1. A variable rate fertilization device comprises an installation rack (1), and is characterized in that a fertilization device, an air supply device and a control unit are arranged on the installation rack (1); the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizing driving motor (6), a fertilizing driving shaft (5) and a plurality of fertilizing assemblies arranged side by side; the fertilizing component comprises a fertilizer box (4) and a fertilizer applicator assembly (3); the fertilizing driving motor (6) and the fertilizing device assemblies (3) are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (1), the fertilizing driving shaft (5) sequentially penetrates through the fertilizing device assemblies (3) and is in transmission connection with the fertilizing device assemblies (3), and one end of the fertilizing driving shaft (5) is in transmission connection with the fertilizing driving motor (6); the bottom of the fertilizer applicator assembly (3) is provided with a fertilizer application opening (2), and the top is connected with a fertilizer box (4); the fertilizing port (2) is connected with a fertilizer guiding hose; the air supply device comprises a fan driving motor (9) and a fertilizing fan (10) which are in transmission connection, and the fertilizing fan (10) is connected with a fertilizing air pipe (11); a fertilization air channel is arranged on the mounting rack (1), and the fertilization air pipe (11) and the fertilization port (2) are respectively communicated with the fertilization air channel;
the control unit comprises a controller, an oil tank (14), a power source (12), a transfer case (13), a fan driving circuit and a fertilization driving circuit; the transfer case (13) is in transmission connection with the power source (12);
the fan driving circuit comprises a fan driving pump (15), a speed regulating valve A (17), a speed regulating valve B (19), a speed regulating valve C (21), a two-position two-way valve A (18), a two-position two-way valve B (20) and a two-position two-way valve C (22); an oil outlet of the fan driving pump (15) is respectively and correspondingly connected with a port B of the two-position two-way valve A (18), a port B of the two-position two-way valve B (20) and a port B of the two-position two-way valve C (22) through a speed regulating valve A (17), a speed regulating valve B (19) and a speed regulating valve C (21); an opening A of the two-position two-way valve A (18), an opening A of the two-position two-way valve B (20) and an opening A of the two-position two-way valve C (22) are respectively connected with an oil inlet of the fan driving motor (9);
the fertilization driving circuit comprises a fertilization driving pump (23), an encoder A (24), an encoder B (34), a flow sensor (26), a three-position four-way reversing valve (27), a one-way valve A (28), a one-way valve B (29), a one-way valve C (30), a one-way valve D (31), a speed regulating valve D (32), a pressure sensor (33), a proportional overflow valve (35) and a two-position two-way valve D (36); an oil outlet of the fertilization driving pump (23) is connected with a P port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (27), and a flow sensor (26) is arranged between the fertilization driving pump (23) and the three-position four-way reversing valve (27); the input end of the one-way valve A (28) is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve (27), the output end of the one-way valve A is connected with the input end of the one-way valve C (30) through a speed regulating valve D (32), and the output end of the one-way valve C (30) is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor (6) through a pressure sensor (33); the output end of the one-way valve B (29) is connected with the port A of the three-position four-way reversing valve (27), the input end of the one-way valve B is connected with the output end of the one-way valve D (31) through a speed regulating valve D (32), and the input end of the one-way valve D (31) is connected with the port A of the fertilization driving motor (6) through a pressure sensor (33); an oil inlet of the proportional overflow valve (35) and an A port of the two-position two-way valve D (36) are respectively connected with a B port of the fertilization driving motor (6), and an oil outlet of the proportional overflow valve (35) and the B port of the two-position two-way valve D (36) are respectively connected with a B port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (27); the encoder A (24) is in transmission connection with the fertilization driving pump (23); the encoder B (34) is in transmission connection with the fertilizer applicator assembly (3);
an oil inlet of the fan drive pump (15), an oil outlet of the fan drive motor (9), an oil inlet of the fertilization drive pump (23) and an oil return port of the three-position four-way reversing valve (27) are respectively connected with the oil tank (14);
the fan drive pump (15) and the fertilization drive pump (23) are in transmission connection with the transfer case (13) respectively; the encoder A (24), the encoder B (34), the flow sensor (26) and the pressure sensor (33) are electrically connected with the controller respectively.
2. A variable rate fertilization device according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization air passage includes a left air passage (8) and a right air passage (7) which are not communicated with each other; the left air duct (8) and the right air duct (7) are respectively communicated with the fertilizing ports (2) on the corresponding sides of the mounting rack (1).
3. A variable rate fertilizer apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said fertilizer wind pipe (11) is a three-way pipe, the wind inlet end is connected to said fertilizer fan (10), and the two wind outlet ends are respectively connected to said left wind channel (8) and said right wind channel (7).
4. A variable rate fertilizer apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the two air outlets of the fertilization air duct (11) are respectively connected to the rightmost end of the left air duct (8) and the leftmost end of the right air duct (7).
5. A variable rate fertilizer apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the fertilizer driving pump (23) is an electrically controlled variable rate pump.
6. A variable fertilizing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the speed regulating valve A (17), the speed regulating valve B (19), the speed regulating valve C (21) and the speed regulating valve D (32) are all formed by combining a pressure compensator and a variable throttle valve.
7. A variable rate fertilizer apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a safety valve a (16), an oil inlet of the safety valve a (16) being connected to an oil outlet of said fan driven pump (15), and an oil outlet of the safety valve a (16) being connected to said oil tank (14).
8. A variable rate fertilization device according to claim 1, further comprising a safety valve B (25), an oil inlet of the safety valve B (25) being connected to an oil outlet of the fertilization drive pump (23), and an oil outlet of the safety valve B (25) being connected to the oil tank (14).
9. The variable rate fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein a speed radar is electrically connected to the controller for measuring the traveling speed of the variable rate fertilizer apparatus and feeding back the measured traveling speed to the controller in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210679487.5A CN114946354B (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | Variable rate fertilizer injection unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0282812A2 (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-21 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer GmbH & Co. KG | Hydraulic system for driving a spreader |
| DE19944835A1 (en) * | 1999-09-18 | 2001-03-22 | Rauch Landmaschfab Gmbh | Fertiliser spreader has stirrer and spreader disks driven by hydraulic motors connected via control valves in parallel to pressure feed of constant velocity pump in hydraulic system of vehicle |
| CN106342464A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-01-25 | 塔里木大学 | Hydraulic circuit for organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer proportioning fertilization device |
| CN107816464A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-20 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of Pneumatic type paddy planter fluid power system |
| CN209749136U (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-12-10 | 石河子大学 | Be suitable for two case fertilizer distributor series connection hydraulic control return circuits in field |
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2022
- 2022-06-16 CN CN202210679487.5A patent/CN114946354B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0282812A2 (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-21 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer GmbH & Co. KG | Hydraulic system for driving a spreader |
| DE19944835A1 (en) * | 1999-09-18 | 2001-03-22 | Rauch Landmaschfab Gmbh | Fertiliser spreader has stirrer and spreader disks driven by hydraulic motors connected via control valves in parallel to pressure feed of constant velocity pump in hydraulic system of vehicle |
| CN106342464A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-01-25 | 塔里木大学 | Hydraulic circuit for organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer proportioning fertilization device |
| CN107816464A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-20 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of Pneumatic type paddy planter fluid power system |
| CN209749136U (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-12-10 | 石河子大学 | Be suitable for two case fertilizer distributor series connection hydraulic control return circuits in field |
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| CN114946354B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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