CN114946338A - Appearance accuse drives high-speed smart volume seed metering ware of guide formula maize - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a posture-control drive-guide type high-speed precision corn seed sowing device which comprises a pants-type seed guide pipe, a front shell, a rear shell, a seed sowing wheel, a seed protecting plate, a mirror-image seed protecting plate, an edge curved surface, a mirror-image edge curved surface and a transmission shaft. The posture adjusting groove structure formed by the seed protecting plate and the wall surface of the shell is adopted, so that the adverse effect of large accumulation and arching of indoor seeds on seed filling is effectively overcome; by the method for adjusting the seed posture before seed filling, the problems that the seed postures are different when the mechanical seed sowing device is used for filling seeds, and the seed filling cannot be carried out due to the unmatched hole structures are effectively solved; the fixed posture of the seeds is utilized to carry out directional seed filling along the opening direction of the molded hole, so that redundant seeds can be effectively separated, and reliable seed cleaning under the condition of high-speed operation is ensured. The precision seeder has a simple and compact structure, has good adaptability to the complex appearance of the corn grains, and can remarkably improve the high-speed operation quality of the precision seeder.

Description

Appearance accuse drives high-speed smart volume seed metering ware of guide formula maize

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seed sowing device of a corn precision sowing machine, in particular to a posture-control driving-guide type high-speed precision seed sowing device for corn, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background

The seed metering device is used as a core working component of a seeding machine, and the performance of the seed metering device directly influences the seeding quality. The high speed and precision of the precision seeding machine become important directions for the development of modern precision seeding technology, and the requirement on the high-speed operation performance of the precision seeding machine is gradually improved along with the reduction of the crop planting distance. The mechanical seed sowing device is popular with farmers due to the advantages of simple structure, good matching performance, low manufacturing and using cost and the like. However, the existing mechanical corn seed metering device is generally low in adaptive operation speed (not higher than 9 km/h), due to the extremely irregular shape and large individual difference of corn seeds, the existing scoop seed metering device is not enough in adaptive performance, the seeds are easy to be damaged when the finger-clamping seed metering device operates at high speed, and the overall precision is difficult to adjust. In addition, the large amount of seeds with irregular indoor shapes are easy to arch, and the seeds are not beneficial to effectively filling and cleaning the seeds when the seed sowing device rotates at high speed. When the working speed is increased to more than 10km/h, the existing mechanical seed sowing device has the problems of poor seed sowing stability, reduced plant spacing uniformity and the like, cannot maintain the original seed sowing precision and is difficult to meet the technical requirements of high-speed precision seeding. Therefore, the mechanical seed sowing device with the posture adjusting grooves and the posture adjusting teeth is designed, the posture of the corn seeds in the posture adjusting grooves before seed filling can be actively adjusted, the corn seeds are driven and guided to efficiently complete seed filling under the action of friction force of the wall surfaces of the partition plates, and meanwhile, the geometric chamber structure of the hole plug-in is beneficial to accurately separating the directionally filled seeds, so that reliable seed filling and seed cleaning are ensured. The seed metering wheel is an assembly body of a seed metering disc, a mirror image seed metering disc, a seed conveying wheel, a type hole plug-in, a mirror image type hole plug-in, a seed delivery partition plate and a mirror image seed delivery partition plate, the type hole plug-in is uniformly assembled on the circumferences of the seed metering disc and the mirror image seed metering disc, and the type hole plug-in is distributed on two sides of the seed conveying wheel in a staggered manner. The structural design of the hole plug-in can ensure that a plurality of directionally charged seeds effectively retain a single seed to be fed and separate other seeds. The seed passing partition plate and the mirror image seed passing partition plate are arranged on the wall surface of the seed filling area and are provided with strip-shaped grooves, so that the friction force of the wall surface is increased, the effect of driving and guiding seeds to complete seed filling is realized, and the high-speed precision dibbling operation quality of the seed sowing device on corn seeds is further improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a posture control drive type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a high-speed smart volume seed metering ware of appearance accuse drive guide formula maize which characterized in that: comprises a trouser-shaped seed guide tube, a front shell, an edge curved surface, a mirror image edge curved surface, a seed baffle plate, a mirror image seed baffle plate, a seed sowing wheel, a transmission shaft, a rear shell and a seed sowing port. The seed guide pipe is arranged on the front shell and the rear shell and is respectively communicated with the front shell and the rear shell, the bottom of the rear shell is provided with a seed discharging port, and the seed discharging wheel is assembled by a seed discharging disc, a mirror image seed discharging disc, a seed transferring partition plate, a mirror image seed transferring partition plate and a seed transporting wheel and is arranged on the transmission shaft; the seed discharging plate is provided with a hole plug-in unit with a fixed shape, and the hole plug-in unit structure is provided with a posture adjusting tooth for adjusting the posture of the seeds before filling; the hole plug-ins and the mirror image hole plug-ins on the two sides of the seed wheel are distributed in a staggered way.

The procapsid mainly comprises preceding income kind of a mouth, edge bolt hole, surface edge quad slit, surface quad slit and front bearing seat, and wherein 3 edge bolt holes that are located the procapsid edge are used for assembling with the back casing, and 1 surface bolt hole is used for fixed trousers shape seed guide, and 3 surface edge quad slits are used for installing marginal curved surface, and 2 surface quad slits are used for installing the fender board.

The back casing mainly by the mount, the bolt hole on the mount, the edge bolt hole, the surface bolt hole, surface edge quad slit, the surface quad slit, the rear bearing seat, lower right corner positioning bolt hole and seed metering mouth are constituteed, wherein 3 edge bolt holes that are located the back casing edge are used for assembling with the procapsid, 1 surface bolt hole is used for fixed trousers shape seed guide tube, 3 surface edge quad slit are used for installation mirror image edge curved surface, 2 surface quad slit are used for installation mirror image fender blank, lower right corner positioning bolt hole is used for adjusting to pass kind baffle and mirror image and passes kind baffle angle, the seed metering mouth is located back casing internal face.

The seed metering dish surface has 16 type hole plug-in components bases along circumference evenly distributed, and plug-in components base top evenly distributed has 16 to stir kind of tooth, and the center is equipped with the hexagon shaft hole, and the hexagon shaft hole has the positioning bolt hole for install the transmission shaft. After the seed discharging disc rotates clockwise by 10 degrees around the center, the base of the hole plug-in unit and the seed stirring teeth are symmetrical to the base of the hole plug-in unit and the seed stirring teeth in the mirror image seed discharging disc.

The gap range of the top of the seed delivery partition board is 60 degrees, and the seed delivery partition board is used for delivering seeds to be thrown into various seed delivery bins of the seed transportation wheel; the range of the strip-shaped groove at the bottom covers the seed filling area by 90 degrees and is used for increasing the friction force during the directional seed filling so as to drive and guide the seeds to complete the filling; the seed transferring partition plate is symmetrical to the mirror image seed transferring partition plate in structure.

32 seed passing bins are distributed on the wheel conveying wheel at intervals along the wheel periphery. Wherein, the side opening direction of two adjacent seed passing grids is opposite, and the center is equipped with the hexagon shaft hole and is used for the assembly.

The hole plug-in structure mainly comprises a wall surface guide groove with an opening angle of 52 degrees, a geometric body chamber and right-angled triangle posture adjusting teeth. Wherein, the wall surface of the guide groove with an opening angle of 52 degrees is used for matching the friction force of the groove of the seed transferring clapboard to drive and guide the seeds in the side standing or lying posture to enter the seed chamber; the geometric seed chamber inclines the bottom surface of the right trapezoid by 30 degrees backward on the basis of the original right trapezoid prismatic table, so that seeds to be thrown and seeds to be cleaned can be effectively separated, and the geometric seed chamber is ensured to be filled with single seeds. The right-angled triangle posture adjusting teeth adjust the seeds in the vertical posture into the side-standing posture or the side-lying posture, so that the seeds can conveniently enter the hole plug-in unit to complete directional seed filling.

The middle part of the transmission shaft is a regular hexagonal shaft and an installation bolt hole, and the regular hexagonal shaft and the installation bolt hole are limited through the regular hexagonal hole in the seed sowing wheel. The tail end of the shaft is provided with a rectangular key slot which is used for being assembled with the chain wheel to drive the seed sowing wheel to rotate. And a shaft shoulder is arranged between the hexagonal shaft and the rectangular key groove and used for assembling the bearing and limiting.

The seed metering device has the beneficial effects that the seed group in the seed metering device is initially charged through the posture adjusting groove, so that the problems of poor seed charging effect and the like caused by the fact that a large number of stacked brackets of the seed group directly act on the seed taking device and the seed group in the traditional mechanical seed metering device are avoided. The width of the posture adjusting groove is limited, so that the axes of the tip and the tail of the seed are parallel to the wall surface of the posture adjusting groove and fall into the groove, and the freedom degree of the posture of the seed falling into the groove is preliminarily reduced; most seeds at the bottom of the groove can present upright, side-upright or side-lying postures; due to the height limitation of the seed baffle plate, the seeds in the vertical state can not be filled into the hole plug-in units, and the seeds roll backwards under the shoveling action of the bottom of the posture adjusting teeth and are adjusted to be in the side-standing or side-lying posture. All seeds to be charged into the molded hole plug-in units are kept in a side-standing or side-lying posture, the seeds are uniformly kept in the side-standing or side-lying posture after entering the molded hole plug-in units, and the seeds are directionally charged in the opening direction of the molded hole plug-in units under the friction action of the grooves in the wall surface of the seed delivery partition plate. According to the invention, through the technical idea of adjusting the posture of the seeds before filling, the seeds in the filling type hole plug-in unit are kept in the side standing or lying posture to realize directional filling, so that the problems of filling leakage caused by mismatching of different postures of the conventional seed taking unit and the shape of the opening of the type hole during filling of the seeds and reseeding that a plurality of seeds are filled and occluded randomly and cannot be cleaned timely are solved. The seed sowing device utilizes the technology of posture adjustment before seed filling and directional filling of driving and guiding seeds, effectively improves the effects of filling and seed cleaning under the condition of high-speed operation, and thus realizes high-speed precise sowing of corn.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall assembly view of a posture-control drive-guide type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device of the invention; FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional explosion view of a posture control drive-guide type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device; FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the seed wheel; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the configuration of a well insert and a mirror image well insert; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of seed attitude regulation; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the directional seed filling and separation of excess seeds by the well plug-in; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a seed plate and a mirror image seed plate; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a seed-transferring partition plate and a mirror-image seed-transferring partition plate; FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the wheel carrier; FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a propeller shaft; FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a front housing, edge curvatures and baffle assembly; FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a rear housing, mirror edge curvature, and mirror baffle assembly; fig. 13 is an operation schematic diagram.

In the figure: 1. the seed sowing device comprises a front bearing end cover, a 2-pant type seed guide pipe, a 3-front shell, a 4-edge curved surface, a 5-seed sowing wheel, a 6-mirror image edge curved surface, a 7-rear shell, a 8-rear bearing end cover, a 9-transmission shaft, a 10-seed throwing port, a 11-mirror image seed baffle, a 12-seed baffle, a 13-type hole plug, a 14-seed sowing plate, a 15-seed transferring baffle, a 16-seed conveying wheel, a 17-mirror image seed transferring baffle, a 18-mirror image seed sowing plate, a 19-mirror image hole plug, a 20-seed transferring grid bin, 21-seed stirring teeth, 22-posture adjusting teeth, 23-geometric body seed chamber, a I seed filling area, a II seed cleaning area, a III seed transferring area, an IV seed area and a V seed throwing area.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-13, a posture control drive guide type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device is characterized in that: the seed sowing device comprises a front bearing end cover 1, a pant type seed guiding pipe 2, a front shell 3, an edge curved surface 4, a seed sowing wheel 5, a mirror image edge curved surface 6, a rear shell 7, a rear bearing end cover 8, a transmission shaft 9, a seed throwing port 10, a mirror image seed baffle 11, a seed baffle 12, a type hole plug-in 13, a seed sowing plate 14, a seed transferring partition plate 15, a seed conveying wheel 16, a mirror image seed transferring partition plate 17, a mirror image seed sowing plate 18, a mirror image type hole plug-in 19, a seed transferring grid bin 20, seed stirring teeth 21, posture adjusting teeth 22 and a geometric body chamber 23. The front bearing end cover 1, the front shell 3, the rear shell 7, the rear bearing end cover 8 and the seed feeding port 10 jointly form an outer shell of the seed sowing device and are arranged on the seeding machine through a fixing frame, the pants-type seed guide pipe 2 is arranged on the outer sides of the front shell 3 and the rear shell 7 and is respectively communicated with the front shell and the rear shell to feed seeds into the seed sowing device, and a circular bearing seat is arranged in the center of the surface of the rear shell 7 and used for installing a bearing to be matched with a shaft shoulder of a transmission shaft. The seed sowing wheel 5 is formed by assembling a seed sowing disc 14, a seed delivery partition plate 15, a seed conveying wheel 16, a mirror image seed delivery partition plate 17, a mirror image seed sowing disc 18 and a mirror image hole plug-in 19, wherein the centers of the seed sowing disc 14 and the mirror image seed sowing disc 18 are provided with regular hexagonal holes and limiting bolt holes which are matched with a regular hexagonal shaft body of the transmission shaft 9, and the seed sowing wheel 5 is fixed by limiting bolts. The peripheral edges of the seed discharging disk 14 and the mirror image seed discharging disk 18 are uniformly distributed with 16 seed stirring teeth 21 and 16 type hole plug-in seats, the type hole plug-in seats are used for installing the type hole plug-in 13 and the mirror image type hole plug-in 19, and the seed discharging disk and the mirror image seed discharging disk are both composed of posture adjusting teeth 22 and a geometric seed chamber 23. Pass kind baffle 15 and mirror image and pass kind baffle 17 lower right corner and all be equipped with the bolt hole and accomplish the location with the cooperation of back casing 7 lower right corner fixing bolt hole.

The transmission shaft 9 is driven by power sources such as a chain or a motor to rotate, the seed sowing wheel 5 is driven by the transmission shaft 9 to rotate around the axis of the seed sowing wheel, the indoor seed group is rotated by the seed stirring teeth 21 on the seed sowing wheel 5 to continuously feed seeds into the posture adjusting groove between the seed baffle plate 12 and the front shell 3, the posture adjusting teeth 22 are shoveled into the seeds in the upright posture from the bottom of the corn seeds in the upright posture, the seeds in the upright posture are adjusted into the seeds in the side lying or side standing posture, and the seeds enter the geometric body chamber 23 to be filled under the action of the pressure of the seeds above.

After the hole plug-in 13 finishes filling seeds, no more than three seeds are reserved in the hole, wherein one seed in the geometric chamber 23 keeps rotating synchronously with the structure under the constraint action of the structure, and the rest seeds fall off under the action of self gravity after entering a seed cleaning area due to insufficient structural constraint to finish cleaning seeds. The mirror-image type hole insert 19 is consistent with the above function.

The type hole plug-in 13 moves to the position of a gap of the seed transferring partition plate 15, a single seed to be thrown in the geometric body chamber 23 slides down to the seed transferring bin 20 of the seed transporting wheel 16 along the side direction under the action of the structure, rotates along with the seed transporting wheel 16, is transported to the region of the seed throwing port 10 and falls off, and the seed throwing is completed. The mirror-image type hole insert 19 is consistent with the above function.

The working principle of the invention is shown in fig. 11, and the working process of the seed sowing device is roughly divided into five areas, namely a seed filling area I, a seed cleaning area II, a seed passing area III, a seed transporting area IV and a seed throwing area V. The seeds firstly pass through the seed filling area to be filled after entering the inside of the seeding unit, and the seeds passing through the seed filling area enter the posture adjusting groove under the action of the resultant forces of seed stirring tooth thrust, self gravity, centrifugal force and the like. Due to the limitation of the width of the posture adjusting groove, the seeds in the groove are kept in three filling postures which are respectively an upright posture, a side lying posture and a side standing posture. Wherein the seeds in the vertical posture can not be filled into the hole plug-in units due to the height limitation of the seed protection plate. The posture adjusting teeth positioned on the side surfaces of the hole plug-in units generate shoveling action on the bottoms of the seeds, so that the seeds in the vertical posture roll and slide down from the posture adjusting teeth surfaces to be in the side-standing or side-lying posture, and preparation is provided for seed filling of the subsequent hole plug-in units. Therefore, the seeds to be charged into the plug-in units of the molding holes are kept in a flat lying or side standing posture, and the problem of charge leakage caused by the fact that the posture of the seeds is different and the structure of the molding holes is not matched is solved. Due to the structural limitation of the hole plug-in, the seeds filled in the geometric seed chamber are easily separated into single seeds to be thrown and other seeds to be cleaned, so that the problem of rebroadcasting caused by hole blockage is reduced. After the successfully-filled type hole plug-in unit passes through the seed cleaning area, a small amount of seeds in the geometric space fall back to the seed filling area along with gravity, so that the seed cleaning effect is achieved. After the seed cleaning process is completed, only one seed is ensured in the geometric space of each hole plug-in unit when entering the seed delivery area. The seeds entering the seed transferring area slide down to the seed transferring compartment of the seed transporting wheel along the side of the structure under the action of self gravity. After the seed transferring process is completed, the single seeds in the seed transferring grid bin are stably conveyed to the seed throwing area, and the seed conveying process is completed. The seeds entering the seed throwing area drop from the opening at the top of the seed storage bin lattice to finish the seed throwing process.

The foregoing detailed description is to be construed as merely illustrative of the principles and features of the present invention, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure, and all changes and modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A posture control drive guide type corn high-speed precision seed sowing device comprises a pants type seed guide pipe, a front shell, a rear shell, a seed sowing wheel, a seed protecting plate, a mirror image seed protecting plate, an edge curved surface, a mirror image edge curved surface and a transmission shaft, wherein the seed sowing wheel part comprises a hole plug-in, a seed sowing disc, a seed transferring partition plate, a seed conveying wheel, a mirror image seed transferring partition plate, a mirror image seed sowing disc, a mirror image hole plug-in, a seed transferring grid bin, seed stirring teeth, posture adjusting teeth and a geometric seed chamber; the method is characterized in that: 16 hole plug-in seats are uniformly distributed on the surface of the seed discharging disc along the circumference, 16 seed stirring teeth are uniformly distributed above the plug-in seats, and the seed stirring teeth are symmetrical to the hole plug-in seats and the seed stirring teeth in the mirror image seed discharging disc after the seed discharging disc is rotated clockwise by 10 degrees; the range of a notch at the top of the seed delivery partition plate is 60 degrees, the range of a strip-shaped groove at the bottom of the seed delivery partition plate is 90 degrees, and the seed delivery partition plate and the mirror image seed delivery partition plate are symmetrical in structure; 32 seed passing grid bins are distributed on the wheel conveying wheel at intervals along the wheel periphery, and the opening directions of the side surfaces of two adjacent seed passing grids are opposite; the hole plug-in structure mainly comprises a wall surface guide groove with an opening angle of 52 degrees, a geometric body chamber and right-angled triangle posture adjusting teeth.

2. The appearance control drive guide type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the structure of the hole plug-in unit, the wall surface of the guide groove with an opening angle of 52 degrees is used for matching with the friction force of the groove of the seed delivery partition plate to drive and guide the seeds in a side standing or lying posture to enter a seed chamber; the bottom surface of the right trapezoid of the geometric seed chamber is inclined backwards by 30 degrees on the basis of the original right trapezoid prismatic table, so that seeds to be thrown and seeds to be cleaned can be effectively separated, and the geometric seed chamber is ensured to be filled with only single seeds; the right-angled triangle posture adjusting teeth adjust the seeds in the vertical posture into the side-standing posture or the side-lying posture, so that the seeds can be conveniently filled in a directional manner after entering the hole plug-in unit.

3. The appearance control drive guide type high-speed precision corn seed-metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wheel conveying structure adopts 32 seed passing bins which are continuously distributed along the wheel periphery without intervals, the tops of the seed passing bins are integrally inclined by 30 degrees, and the opening directions of the side parts of two adjacent seed passing bins are opposite; the structure is compact, the movement tracks of seeds on two sides of the seeding unit can be effectively collected to the same circumferential direction, and the ordered seed feeding is ensured.

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