CN114939593A - Supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste - Google Patents
Supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/25—Non-industrial waste, e.g. household waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/90—Soil, e.g. excavated soil from construction sites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste, which comprises a pollutant input end, M stirrers, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger and a steam generator which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is connected with an air-blowing furnace and a photoelectric furnace, and the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor is provided with a high-temperature slag removal separator; adding water and/or a leakage solution into pollutants to be treated through a pollutant input end, stirring in a stirrer, feeding the stirred water-containing mixed crushed aggregates into N external circulation slurry bed reactors, and carrying out supercritical water gasification reaction on the external circulation slurry bed reactors; the precipitate after the reaction is separated out by a high-temperature deslagging separator; and the high-temperature hot gas after the reaction enters a heat exchanger, the low-temperature gas from the heat exchanger enters the external circulation slurry bed reactor again, and the hot water from the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate steam. The invention changes the traditional mode of respectively disposing and dispersedly disposing the municipal domestic garbage, the toxic soil and the hazardous waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste power generation, and particularly relates to a novel multifunctional integrated system for integrated pollutant disposal and high-power steam turbine power generation, which is established by a supercritical water gasification technology and integrates household garbage, toxic soil and hazardous waste harmless treatment and high-power steam turbine safety power generation.
Background
Domestic garbage power plants burn and treat domestic garbage, and toxic soil and hazardous waste are treated by special mechanisms. The waste incineration power generation is a mode of treating urban waste at present, but zero emission is not achieved, aerial emission of harmful substances such as dioxin is not fundamentally stopped, and zero carbon emission is more difficult to realize. Along with the development of the world economy and the great development of the express industry and the E-commerce platform, the urban garbage amount rises rapidly. In addition, some chemical bases and surrounding soil in China are seriously polluted, and the underground water is also influenced. In the place where the garbage is buried, the leakage liquid also reaches the underground soil, and even pollutes the underground water. Therefore, the method has an incremental requirement for harmless treatment of toxic soil and hazardous waste. Here, the pollutants such as toxic soil and dangerous waste are not treated harmlessly in a garbage power plant which is a domestic garbage-based disposal site, but are treated in other special ways. After the landfill is dug again, the garbage is transported to a household garbage power plant. The surrounding soil and hazardous waste contaminated by the landfill waste are expensive to dispose of, and may be buried or not disposed of. Therefore, if the garbage power plant can treat a plurality of pollutants, the harmless treatment content is greatly increased due to the convenience of treatment together.
The main technologies of the current garbage incinerator of a garbage power plant comprise five technologies, namely a mechanical grate incinerator, a fluidized bed incinerator, a rotary incinerator, a CAO (regenerative incinerator) type incinerator, a pulse-jet incinerator and the like. The technology mainly popularized by the state mainly comprises a mechanical grate incinerator and an advanced pulse throwing incinerator, wherein garbage enters an inclined downward grate (the grate is divided into a drying area, a combustion area and a burnout area) through a feed hopper until the garbage is burnt out and discharged out of a hearth. Combustion air enters from the lower part of the grateAnd mixing with the garbage; the high-temperature flue gas passes through the heating surface of the boiler to generate hot steam, meanwhile, the flue gas is cooled, and finally, the flue gas is discharged after being treated by the flue gas treatment device. Whatever advanced incinerator is adopted in the garbage power plant, the garbage incineration has the requirement of waste gas treatment, such as dust, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO) 2 ) Nitrogen Oxide (NO) X ) Carbon monoxide (CO), organic pollutants, dioxins and heavy metals. The flue gas generated by burning the garbage coexists with carbon dioxide, harmful gas and heavy metal, and the requirements of carbon-free, harmless and zero-emission environmental protection and 'double-carbon' policy are difficult to meet. The waste heat boiler for burning the garbage is polluted and corroded by materials, the power generation capacity is limited, and the economic scale and the economic benefit of a garbage power plant are influenced by the technical factors. The garbage incineration does not realize zero emission, and the living development space of a garbage power plant is also influenced.
The invention is based on establishing a brand-new system of harmless treatment of domestic garbage, toxic soil and hazardous waste-safe power generation of a high-power steam turbine, designing and applying a high-power steam turbine power generation system with no carbon and no smoke dust and zero emission of 100MW or above, making fundamental breakthrough and innovation on the products and technologies directly related to carbon discharge of the current garbage incineration generator set, and meanwhile, a garbage power plant can be compatible with, expand the range of pollutant treatment and update treatment means, so that no carbide, smoke dust and harmful pollutants are discharged to the sky, thereby benefiting the human society.
As for how to graft the supercritical water gasification technology to the garbage power plant, the traditional mode of garbage incineration after landfill is completely changed, the garbage power plant does not have a large chimney because the garbage incineration is carried out by open fire, the boiler is saved, the domestic garbage, the toxic soil and the dangerous waste can be directly and simultaneously treated by applying the supercritical water gasification technology, the emission of secondary pollution after the incineration of garbage such as dioxin, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases is fundamentally stopped, and the investment of the treatment part of the harmful gas and the leakage liquid is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste, which fundamentally eliminates the dioxides, dust, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO) 2 ) Nitrogen Oxide (NO) X ) The emission of pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), organic pollutants, dioxin, heavy metals and the like and other harmful substances, thereby realizing zero-carbon and zero-pollution emission of the garbage power plant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste comprises a pollutant input end, M stirrers, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger, a steam generator and a high-power steam turbine generator unit which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is also connected with an air-powered furnace and a photoelectric furnace, a heat source and a water source are provided by the air-powered furnace and the photoelectric furnace, and a high-temperature slag separator is arranged at the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor; adding water and/or a leakage solution into pollutants to be treated through a pollutant input end, stirring in a stirrer, feeding the stirred water-containing mixed crushed aggregates into N external circulation slurry bed reactors, and carrying out supercritical water gasification reaction at 850 ℃ and under the working condition of 25MPa in the external circulation slurry bed reactors; the precipitate after reaction is separated out and recycled through a high-temperature deslagging separator; the high-temperature hot gas after reaction enters a heat exchanger, the low-temperature gas from the heat exchanger enters the external circulation slurry bed reactor again through an external circulation outlet, the hot water from the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate pure steam, and the steam generator is connected with a high-power steam turbine generator unit and outputs the pure steam to the high-power steam turbine generator unit for power generation.
Furthermore, the steam generator is connected with a heating and pressurizing feed pump which is sequentially connected with a high-power turbo generator set, so that pure steam generated by all the steam generators is combined into one heating and pressurizing feed pump, and the pure steam is heated and pressurized and then provided to high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with the high-power turbo generator set and then transmitted to the high-power turbo generator set.
Further, still include the rubbing crusher, supercritical water gasification zero release power generation system is used for city domestic waste to handle, and the rubbing crusher setting is between pollutant input and agitator, and city domestic waste sends into the rubbing crusher through the pollutant input, and the rubbing crusher smashes the back crushed aggregates, adds 60% water and/or rubbish seepage liquid and gets into the agitator and stir.
Furthermore, the stirrer adopts two serially connected stirrers, the supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system is used for treating toxic soil, 70% of water is added into the toxic soil through a pollutant input end and then enters the stirrer for stirring, water-containing toxic slurry is pumped into the other stirrer by pressure and is mixed with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from the coal water slurry stirrer, and the slurry and the coal slurry are added with 85% of water in the stirrer for dilution and stirring.
Furthermore, the stirrer adopts two serially connected stirrers, the supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system is used for dangerous waste treatment, the dangerous waste enters the stirrer for stirring after 80% of water is added into a pollutant input end, water-containing dangerous slurry is pumped into another stirrer by pressure and is mixed with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from the coal water slurry stirrer, and the dangerous slurry and the coal slurry are diluted and stirred by adding 85% of water into the stirrer.
Furthermore, the external circulation slurry bed reactor selects different combination modes and combination total numbers according to the type of the connected pollutant input end and the power requirement of the high-power steam turbine generator unit, and the reaction temperature of the single external circulation slurry bed reactor is also set differently.
Furthermore, the N external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series or a plurality of groups of series-parallel combination.
Furthermore, the high-power steam turbine generator unit adopts an ultrahigh-pressure subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator unit and even a high-power steam turbine generator unit above a supercritical state.
Furthermore, the high-power steam turbine generator unit adopts an ultra-supercritical steam turbine generator unit of 600MW-1000MW or more for an ultra-large city, 32 supercritical water gasification reactors are needed to be configured, four groups are connected in series, and eight groups are connected in parallel; or 56 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and fourteen groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at a supercritical steam turbine generator unit with the power of 350-; or 36 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and nine groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at the ultrahigh pressure and subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator units applied to small and medium-sized cities, 24 supercritical water gasification reactors are required to be configured, and four groups are connected in series and six groups are connected in parallel.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the system completely changes the traditional mode of respectively and dispersedly treating the municipal domestic garbage, the toxic soil and the hazardous waste, and provides a brand-new process flow and a system which integrate the harmless compatible and integrated harmless treatment of the front-end domestic garbage, the toxic soil and the hazardous waste and the implementation of multiple functions of safe power generation of a high-power steam turbine at the rear end;
(2) the system does not have the components and functional configuration required by the traditional pollutant treatment process flow such as a waste heat boiler, a tail flue gas purification device, a chimney and the like; in consideration of increasing the combustion value of supercritical water gasification of the external circulation slurry bed reactor in toxic soil and hazardous waste disposal and adding coal resources for combustion supporting, the high-temperature pyrolysis disposal of toxic substances such as dioxin by a new system is ensured, the operating range and the disposal scale benefits of a garbage power plant for disposing domestic garbage, toxic soil and hazardous waste are enlarged, and the disposal cost of the garbage power plant is reduced;
(3) the system of the invention uses high-temperature and high-pressure purified water steam obtained by the high-temperature water from the heat exchanger entering the steam generator to drive the steam turbine set to generate electricity, and does not use gases such as carbon dioxide to directly drive the steam turbine set to generate electricity, so that the system is different from other gas power generation methods, the limitations of medium temperature, medium pressure and low power of the waste heat boiler of the traditional garbage power plant are completely changed, the renewable resource utilization center of the new system can use ultrahigh pressure, subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator sets and even high-power steam turbine generator sets above supercritical, the new system can obtain higher power generation efficiency, and the new system can generate electricity safely and operate effectively;
(4) the system of the invention ensures that the garbage power plant reduces energy consumption and increases power generation benefit by the configuration and safe power generation of the high-power turboset, thereby leading the renewable resource utilization center newly built or completely reconstructed by the novel system to have greater economic benefit. The method has the advantages of environmental protection, zero pollution and zero carbon emission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
A supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for domestic garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste comprises an urban domestic garbage treatment part, a toxic soil treatment part and a hazardous waste treatment part as shown in figure 1,
the urban domestic garbage treatment part comprises a pollutant input end, a crusher, a stirrer, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger, a steam generator and a high-power steam turbine generator unit which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is also connected with an air-powered furnace and a photoelectric furnace, a heat source and a water source are provided by the air-powered furnace and the photoelectric furnace, and a high-temperature slag separator is arranged at the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor; the municipal solid waste is sent into a crusher through a pollutant input end, crushed materials are added with 60 percent of water and/or waste leakage liquid after being crushed by the crusher and then enter a stirrer for stirring, the stirred water-containing mixed crushed materials enter N external circulation slurry bed reactors, and supercritical water gasification reaction is carried out in the external circulation slurry bed reactors under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; the precipitate after reaction is separated out and recycled through a high-temperature deslagging separator; the high-temperature hot gas after the reaction enters a heat exchanger, the hot gas of the heat exchanger enters a feeding pressure pump again through an external circulation outlet to heat the water-containing domestic garbage crushed aggregates, and then enters an external circulation slurry bed reactor again, and the hot water of the heat exchanger enters pure steam generated by a steam generator;
the toxic soil treatment part comprises a pollutant input end, two stirrers, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger and a steam generator which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is also connected with an air-powered furnace and a photoelectric furnace, a heat source and a water source are provided by the air-powered furnace and the photoelectric furnace, and a high-temperature slag separator is arranged at the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor; adding 70% of water into toxic soil through a pollutant input end, then feeding the toxic soil into a stirrer for stirring, pumping water-containing toxic slurry into another stirrer by pressure to mix with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer, adding 85% of water into the slurry and the coal slurry in the stirrer for dilution and stirring, then feeding the slurry and the coal slurry into an external circulation slurry bed reactor by a feeding pressure pump, and carrying out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; the subsequent treatment is the same as the municipal solid waste treatment part;
the hazardous waste treatment part comprises a pollutant input end, two stirrers, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger and a steam generator which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is also connected with an air-powered furnace and a photoelectric furnace, a heat source and a water source are provided by the air-powered furnace and the photoelectric furnace, and a high-temperature slag separator is arranged at the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor; adding 80% of water into hazardous waste through a pollutant input end, then feeding the hazardous waste into a stirrer for stirring, pumping water-containing hazardous waste slurry into another stirrer by pressure, mixing the hazardous waste slurry with coal slurry which is pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer and contains 50% of water, adding 85% of water into the hazardous waste slurry and the coal slurry in the stirrer for dilution and stirring, and then feeding the mixture into an external circulation slurry bed reactor by using a feeding pressure pump for carrying out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; the subsequent treatment is the same as the treatment part of the municipal solid waste;
all the steam generators are respectively connected with a heating and pressurizing feed pump, the heating and pressurizing feed pump is sequentially connected with and transmitted to the high-power turbo generator unit, so that pure steam generated by all the steam generators is combined into one heating and pressurizing feed pump, and the pure steam is heated and pressurized and then provided to high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with the high-power turbo generator unit and transmitted to the high-power turbo generator unit.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
(1) treating urban domestic garbage:
1.1) when the domestic garbage is transported into a special storage yard material pit, screening and magnetic separation of metal blocks are carried out, so that construction industrial garbage, metal blocks and the like are prevented from being mixed;
1.2) feeding the screened and magnetically separated garbage into a crushing hopper, and crushing in a sealed crusher; then adding 60% of water (including garbage leakage liquid) into the crushed materials, and stirring the crushed materials in a stirrer;
1.3) the water-containing mixed crushed aggregates are sent into an external circulation slurry bed reactor by a pressure pump to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25MPa, and high-temperature hot gas containing carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, other substances and the like enters a heat exchanger after the reaction;
1.4) precipitating precipitates such as carbon, inorganic matters, heavy metals and the like at the rear end outlet of the reactor; these harmless precipitates can be solidified for road filling;
1.5) the hot gas cooled after heat exchange enters a feeding pressure pump again through an external circulation outlet, and enters an external circulation slurry bed reactor again while heating the water-containing household garbage crushed aggregates to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa;
1.6) the hot water obtained by the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate pure steam, the pure steam and the pure steam generated by other steam generators of the system are combined into a pump, and the pump is heated and pressurized to provide high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with a high-power steam turbine generator unit.
(2) And (3) toxic soil treatment:
2.1) after the toxic soil is transported to a special storage yard, 70% of water is added into a hopper and enters a stirrer to be stirred, water-containing toxic slurry is pumped into another stirrer by pressure to be mixed with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer, 85% of water is added into the slurry and the coal slurry in the stirrer to be diluted and stirred, and then the slurry and the coal slurry are sent into an external circulation slurry bed reactor by a feeding pressure pump to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa;
2.2) the high-temperature hot gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and other substances after the reaction enters a heat exchanger, the hot water obtained by the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate pure steam, the pure steam and the pure steam generated by other steam generators of the system are combined into a position for a pump, and the high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with the high-power steam turbine generator unit is supplied after heating and pressurizing;
2.3) a pressure separator connected with the reactor performs solid separation, and inorganic salts such as sulfur, phosphorus, sodium, nitrate and the like are extracted through an outlet at the rear end of the reactor; precipitates such as carbon, inorganic soil, heavy metal and the like generated after the reaction are separated out at the rear end outlet of the reactor, and the harmless precipitates can be solidified for road building and soil filling;
2.4) the low-temperature hot gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and other substances which are cooled and come out of the heat exchanger and the separator enters the feeding pressure pump again through the external circulation outlet, and enters the external circulation slurry bed reactor again while heating the mixed slurry coal slurry to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa.
(3) And (3) treating dangerous waste:
3.1) after the dangerous waste is transported into a special storage yard, feeding into a hopper, adding 80% of water into the hopper, stirring the mixture in a stirrer, pumping the water-containing dangerous waste slurry into another stirrer by pressure, mixing the water-containing dangerous waste slurry with coal slurry which is pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer and contains 50% of water, adding 85% of water into the dangerous waste slurry and the coal slurry in the stirrer for dilution and stirring, and then feeding into an external circulation slurry bed reactor by a feeding pressure pump to perform supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa;
3.2) the high-temperature hot gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and other substances after the reaction enters a heat exchanger, the hot water obtained by the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate pure steam, the pure steam and the pure steam generated by other steam generators of the system are combined into a position for a pump, and the high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with the high-power steam turbine generator unit is supplied after heating and pressurizing;
3.3) a pressure separator connected with the reactor performs solid separation, and inorganic salts such as sulfur, phosphorus, sodium, nitrate and the like are extracted through an outlet at the rear end of the reactor; precipitates such as carbon, inorganic soil, heavy metal and the like generated after the reaction are separated out at the rear end outlet of the reactor, and the harmless precipitates can be solidified for road building and soil filling;
and 3.4) low-temperature hot gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and other substances which are cooled and discharged from the heat exchanger and the separator enters the feeding pressure pump again through the external circulation outlet, and enters the external circulation slurry bed reactor again while heating the mixed slurry coal slurry to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa.
The external circulation slurry bed reactor of the invention is a multi-group combination, and the setting of the reaction temperature is also different:
(1) the external circulation slurry bed reactor connected with the pollutant input end for treating the municipal solid waste is provided with the following components: two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; and then two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 601 ℃ and 25 MPa. The combination aims at preventing the generation of dioxin, matching the main steam pressure of large-scale steam turbine generator units such as subcritical and supercritical steam turbine generator units and reducing the material requirement on an external circulating slurry bed reactor;
or according to the power requirement of owners on the steam turbine generator unit, the external circulation slurry bed reactors are combined in the series connection mode, and multiple groups of parallel combination of the same type are designed to enhance the pure steam supply of the large steam turbine generator unit.
(2) The external circulation slurry bed reactor connected with the pollutant input end for treating the toxic soil is provided with the following components: two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; and then, two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 650 ℃, 25MPa and 601 ℃ and 25MPa respectively. The combination aims at eliminating the generation of dioxin, facilitating the pyrolysis of dinitrodiazophenol, chlorine-containing compounds and nitrobenzene, matching the main steam pressure of large-scale steam turbine generator units such as subcritical and supercritical steam turbine generator units and reducing the material requirement on an external circulating slurry bed reactor;
or according to the power requirement of owners on the steam turbine generator unit, the external circulation slurry bed reactors are combined in the series connection mode, and multiple groups of parallel combination of the same type are designed to enhance the pure steam supply of the large steam turbine generator unit.
(3) The external circulation slurry bed reactor connected with the pollutant input end for treating the hazardous waste is arranged as follows: two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series to carry out supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 850 ℃ and 25 MPa; and then two groups of external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series, and supercritical water gasification reaction under the working conditions of 650 ℃, 25MPa and 601 ℃ and 25MPa is respectively carried out in front and at the back. The combination aims at eliminating the generation of dioxin, facilitating the pyrolysis of pollutants such as dinitrodiazophenol, chlorine-containing compounds, nitrobenzene and the like, matching the main steam pressure of large-scale steam turbine generator units such as subcritical and supercritical steam turbine generator units and reducing the material requirement on an external circulation slurry bed reactor;
or according to the power requirement of owners on the steam turbine generator unit, the external circulation slurry bed reactors are combined in the series connection mode, and multiple groups of parallel combination of the same type are designed to enhance the pure steam supply of the large steam turbine generator unit.
The high-power steam turbine generator unit adopts 600MW-1000MW or more ultra-supercritical steam turbine generator units aiming at ultra-large cities, 32 supercritical water gasification reactors are needed to be configured, four groups are connected in series, and eight groups are connected in parallel; or 56 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and fourteen groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at a supercritical steam turbine generator unit with the power of 350-; or 36 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and nine groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at the ultra-high pressure and subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator units applied to small and medium-sized cities, 24 supercritical water gasification reactors are required to be configured, four groups are connected in series, and six groups are connected in parallel.
Finally, although the present system has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present system, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste is characterized by comprising a pollutant input end, M stirrers, N external circulation slurry bed reactors, a heat exchanger, a steam generator and a high-power steam turbine generator unit which are sequentially connected in series; the external circulation slurry bed reactor is also connected with an air-powered furnace and a photoelectric furnace, a heat source and a water source are provided by the air-powered furnace and the photoelectric furnace, and a high-temperature slag separator is arranged at the rear end of the external circulation slurry bed reactor; adding water and/or a leakage solution into pollutants to be treated through a pollutant input end, stirring in a stirrer, feeding the stirred water-containing mixed crushed aggregates into N external circulation slurry bed reactors, and carrying out supercritical water gasification reaction at 850 ℃ and under the working condition of 25MPa in the external circulation slurry bed reactors; the precipitate after the reaction is separated out and recycled by a high-temperature deslagging separator; high-temperature hot gas after reaction enters a heat exchanger, low-temperature gas discharged from the heat exchanger enters the external circulation slurry bed reactor again through an external circulation outlet, hot water discharged from the heat exchanger enters a steam generator to generate pure steam, and the steam generator is connected with a high-power steam turbine generator unit and used for transmitting the pure steam to the high-power steam turbine generator unit for power generation.
2. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of domestic garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste according to claim 1, wherein the steam generator is connected with a heating and pressurizing feed pump, and the heating and pressurizing feed pump is sequentially connected with a high-power turbo generator unit, so that pure steam generated by all the steam generators is combined into one heating and pressurizing feed pump, and the high-temperature pressure pure steam matched with the high-power turbo generator unit is supplied after being heated and pressurized and is transmitted to the high-power turbo generator unit.
3. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of claim 1, further comprising a crusher, wherein the supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system is used for municipal solid waste treatment, the crusher is disposed between the pollutant input end and the stirrer, the municipal solid waste is fed into the crusher through the pollutant input end, the crusher crushes the crushed material, and 60% of water and/or waste leakage liquid is added into the stirrer for stirring.
4. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of household garbage and toxic soil dangerous waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirrer adopts two serially connected stirrers, the supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system is used for treating toxic soil, the toxic soil is stirred in the stirrer after 70% of water is added through a pollutant input end, the water-containing toxic slurry is pumped into another stirrer by pressure to be mixed with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer, and the slurry and the coal slurry are diluted and stirred in the stirrer by adding 85% of water.
5. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirrer adopts two serially connected stirrers, the supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system is used for treating hazardous waste, the hazardous waste enters the stirrer for stirring after 80% of water is added into the hazardous waste through a pollutant input end, the water-containing hazardous waste slurry is pumped into another stirrer by pressure, and is mixed with coal slurry containing 50% of water pumped from a coal water slurry stirrer, and 85% of water is added into the hazardous waste slurry and the coal slurry in the stirrer for dilution and stirring.
6. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of household garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste according to claim 1, wherein the external circulation slurry bed reactor selects different combination modes and combination total numbers according to the type of the connected pollutant input end and the power requirement of the high-power steam turbine generator unit, and the reaction temperature of the single external circulation slurry bed reactor is different.
7. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system for domestic garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste according to claim 1 or 6, wherein N external circulation slurry bed reactors are connected in series or in combination of multiple sets of series and parallel.
8. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of any one of claims 1, 2 or 6, wherein the high-power steam turbine generator unit is an ultrahigh-pressure, subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator unit or even a high-power steam turbine generator unit above supercritical.
9. The supercritical water gasification zero-emission power generation system of domestic garbage and toxic soil hazardous waste of claim 8, wherein the high-power steam turbine generator unit adopts 600MW-1000MW and above ultra supercritical steam turbine generator unit for ultra large city, 32 supercritical water gasification reactors are needed to be configured, four groups are connected in series, eight groups are connected in parallel; or 56 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and fourteen groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at a supercritical steam turbine generator unit with the power of 350-; or 36 supercritical water gasification reactors, four groups are connected in series, and nine groups are connected in parallel;
aiming at the ultrahigh pressure and subcritical 200MW-300MW steam turbine generator units applied to small and medium-sized cities, 24 supercritical water gasification reactors are required to be configured, and four groups are connected in series and six groups are connected in parallel.
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