CN114939337A - Comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters of refining enterprises - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters of refining enterprises Download PDFInfo
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- CN114939337A CN114939337A CN202210370820.4A CN202210370820A CN114939337A CN 114939337 A CN114939337 A CN 114939337A CN 202210370820 A CN202210370820 A CN 202210370820A CN 114939337 A CN114939337 A CN 114939337A
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Images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/346—Controlling the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of refining enterprises. The organic volatile matters generated by various production units including organized and unorganized emission in the production area of the whole refining enterprise are collected in a centralized way, and the organic solvent is recovered by adopting the methods of membrane separation, condensation, adsorption and absorption after pretreatment. The treated organic waste gas is divided into three parts, one part of the organic waste gas reaches the standard and is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the other two parts of the organic waste gas are circulated in the system and discharged into a gas balance system according to the integral consumption and the balance generation requirement of the gas in the whole plant area, so that the resource utilization maximization is realized, the greenhouse gas emission is reduced, and the contribution to the carbon emission and alkali reduction of the whole plant is made.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of organic waste gas treatment, organic solvent recovery, energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection of oil refining chemical enterprises.
Background
The Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), which are generally a generic term for volatile organic gases having a saturated vapor pressure of greater than 70.91Pa at room temperature and a boiling point of 50-260 ℃ at normal pressure, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, metal carbides, metal carbonates and ammonium carbonate, are quite complex in composition, mainly include non-methane hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics, etc.), oxygen-containing organic substances (aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, etc.), chlorine-containing organic substances, nitrogen-containing organic substances, sulfur-containing organic substances, etc., and are important precursors for forming ozone (O3) and fine particulate matters (PM 2.5) pollution because such gases can undergo photochemical reactions in the atmosphere to form secondary organic aerosols and photochemical smog.
The method has great harm to the environment and the health of people, so that the treatment of VOC is mainly mentioned in the national environmental protection department and the economic planning, a series of relevant laws and regulations are provided, and the control on the discharge of VOC is increasingly paid attention to the whole society. On the other hand, with the worldwide concern about the greenhouse effect, the emission of carbon dioxide is increasingly restricted, even if not as toxic as the VOC gas.
The main causes of the VOC waste gas are waste gas discharged by industrial production and waste gas generated by people in life, and the emission of refinery enterprises accounts for a high proportion.
The emission characteristics of the VOC of the refining enterprises are that the sources are dispersed and various, and the VOC can be roughly divided into: seal point leaks, storage tank volatilization, truck discharge, wastewater treatment systems, process unorganized discharge, process organized discharge, combustion flue gas, circulating water systems, sampling, flare, abnormal conditions, accident discharge, and the like.
The refining enterprise, to VOC's treatment, mainly can divide into two big categories: source treatment and tail end treatment.
The source treatment is based on the design and the modification of a production process, the emission is reduced and eliminated as much as possible, the method is a fundamental method for VOC treatment, but the complete control cannot be achieved, so that various other terminal treatment measures have to be used for finally treating waste gas which cannot be treated by the process source treatment so as to achieve the waste gas emission standard.
The VOC composition of the refining and chemical enterprises is complex and various, and mainly comprises: benzenes (benzene, toluene, xylene, p-diethylbenzene, etc.), olefins (ethylene, propylene, 1, 3-butadiene, vinyl chloride, butadiene, trans-2-pentene, 1-pentene, etc.), alkanes (methane, ethane, propane, ethylene oxide, 2-methylpentane, n-hexane, 2-methylheptane, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (1, 2-dichloroethane, chloromethane, etc.), alcohols/thiols (butanol, ethylene glycol, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.).
Common methods for treating VOC at the tail end are as follows: absorption, adsorption, condensation, membrane separation, thermal incineration, catalytic combustion, low-temperature plasma, photocatalytic oxidation, ozone catalytic oxidation, biological treatment, and the like. The absorption method, the adsorption method, the condensation method and the membrane separation method can recycle the organic volatile components, thereby saving resources. The thermal incineration method, the catalytic combustion method, the low-temperature plasma method, the photocatalytic oxidation method, the ozone catalytic oxidation method and the biological treatment method decompose the VOC components into carbon dioxide and oxygen by physical, chemical or biological methods and discharge the carbon dioxide and the oxygen into the atmosphere, which are resource waste, and in the process of treating the VOC, a large amount of energy is consumed, so that new greenhouse gas emission is caused.
At present, the treatment of VOC by the prior art is basically dispersed and treated on the spot by different or same processes according to the characteristic of VOC emission of each operation unit, the treatment efficiency is low, the equipment cost and the operation cost are high, and the management is not convenient.
The implementation of the invention overcomes the defects of the existing method, various VOC gases dispersed in the whole factory are collected by the VOC collecting system, and the comprehensive treatment method is adopted, thereby realizing the maximization of resource utilization, saving the operation cost and reducing the emission of carbon dioxide.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters in refining enterprises, the process overcomes the defects of dispersed treatment, repeated investment and poor treatment effect in the prior art, improves the recovery efficiency and tail gas index, reduces the process energy consumption, and solves the problems of organic waste gas recovery and emission of the refining enterprises in a lump.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters in refining enterprises comprises an organic waste gas collecting branch pipeline, an organic waste gas collecting main pipeline, a flame arrester, a nitrogen supplementing system, an alkaline washing tower, an alkaline liquor circulating system, a water washing tower, a cooling water supplying and discharging system, a buffer storage tank, a compressor, a membrane separation assembly, a lean gas resin adsorption tower, a refrigerating system, a condenser, a condensed oil-gas separation storage tank, a rich gas resin adsorption tower and a cold oil tail gas recovery tower.
The petroleum refining waste gas emission source can be divided into an organized emission source and an unorganized emission source, wherein the organized emission source comprises a catalytic cracking regenerator, a process heating furnace, a sulfur tail gas incinerator, an oxidized asphalt incinerator, an S-Zorb regenerator, a reforming regenerator, a torch and the like; the unorganized emission source mainly comprises an oil tank (crude oil tank, gasoline tank, naphtha tank, kerosene tank, aromatic hydrocarbon tank, diesel tank, waste oil tank, oil intermediate tank, asphalt tank and the like), a sewage tank (acid water tank, sewage homogenizing tank and the like), a loading (ship) platform, a sewage gathering and transportation system, a sewage treatment plant, a coking device, low-altitude exhaust process tail gas, a water cooling tower, shutdown and maintenance processes, equipment, pipe valve leakage and the like. The emitted atmospheric pollutants mainly comprise particulate matters, SO2, NOX, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), oil gas, hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfides, odor, benzene, toluene, xylene and the like. The organic waste gas generated in the production area is collected to a waste gas header pipe (17) through a branch pipe (16).
The waste gas main pipe (17) is connected with the alkaline washing tower (1) through a control valve and a buffer tank; the alkaline washing tower is connected with a circulating alkali storage tank through a circulating pump and a circulating loop, and an outlet of the alkaline washing tower is connected with an inlet of the water washing tower (3); the outlet of the water washing tower is connected with the inlet of the buffer storage tank (4); the outlet of the buffer storage tank (4) is connected with the inlet of the compressor (5); the outlet of the compressor (5) is connected with the inlet of the membrane separation component (6); the outlet of the retentate side of the membrane separation component is connected with the inlet of the lean gas adsorption tower (12), and the outlet of the permeate side of the membrane separation component is connected with the inlet of the condenser (7); the condenser is provided with an ammonia cooling circulation system, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the oil-gas separation storage tank (9); the lean gas resin adsorption tower (12) is provided with a steam regeneration pipeline, an inlet is connected with the surplus side of the membrane separation assembly, an outlet facility is provided with an organic gas detector, and tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged to the atmosphere; an outlet of the oil-gas separation storage tank (8) is connected with an inlet of the gas-rich resin adsorption tower (10), and the organic solvent recovered by the oil-gas separation storage tank is sent to the outside of the battery limits (26); the rich gas resin adsorption tower (10) is provided with a steam regeneration pipeline, an outlet at the top of the tower is provided with an organic gas detector, the outlet is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the cold oil absorption tower (11) through an opening valve (30), and the other path is connected with a vent opening valve (29) and is connected to a torch system (22); an inlet of the oil-water separator (15) is connected with a regenerated steam outlet, a condensate outlet of the buffer storage tank and a washing water outlet of the water washing tower, an upper outlet (21) of the oil-water separator (20) is connected with a recovered solvent delivery pipeline, and a lower outlet (22) of the oil-water separator is used for cooling water recycling; the cold oil absorption tower (11) is provided with a cold oil inlet (24) pipeline and a cold oil outlet (25) pipeline, and the cold oil outlet is provided with an organic gas detector which is respectively connected to the inlet circulation of the compressor (5) through an opening valve (28) and connected to a gas balance system (22) through an emptying valve (27).
According to the scheme, a branch pipeline (16) and a main pipeline (17) of the waste gas collecting system are provided with a pressure detector, an organic gas concentration detector and an oxygen content detector, the main pipeline is provided with an exhaust fan, a buffer tank and a nitrogen supplementing pipeline, and when the oxygen concentration in the pipeline is too high, a safety measure for supplementing nitrogen is taken.
According to the scheme, the waste gas pretreatment system is provided with the alkaline washing tower (1) and the water washing tower (3), the alkaline washing tower (1) can be a Venturi mixer, a spray tower, a packed tower, a falling film tower and a sieve plate tower, for example, the Venturi mixer is used, the mixed organic waste gas from a waste gas main pipe generates high pressure through a Venturi tube, the Venturi radial phase pipeline generates negative pressure to suck the alkali liquor into the Venturi mixer, the alkali liquor which is mixed and absorbs the organic waste gas flows into the alkali circulation tank (2), and new alkali liquor is irregularly supplemented according to the saturation of the alkali liquor.
The structure of the water washing tower (3) can be one of a spray tower, a packed tower, a falling film tower and a sieve plate tower, and taking the way of the packed tower as an example, cooling water enters from the top of the tower and fully contacts with organic waste gas flowing upwards from the bottom of the tower.
According to the scheme, the storage system receives the pretreated organic waste gas, the storage tank (4) adopts a double-membrane structure, the pressure detector is arranged in the storage tank, and the condensate liquid discharge port is formed in the bottom of the storage tank.
According to the scheme, the membrane separation system comprises a compressor (5) and 2-3 groups of membrane separation assemblies (6) which are connected in series, wherein the adopted gas separation membrane adopts one of organic silicon, polyether block amide, fluorine-containing polymer and plasma modified polymer membranes, organic waste gas from a storage tank (4) is pressurized by the compressor (5) and then sequentially enters the membrane separation assemblies (6) which are connected in series, the retentate side of each membrane separation assembly (6) is connected with a lean gas resin adsorption tower (12), and the permeate side of each membrane separation assembly enters a condenser (7).
According to the scheme, ammonia is used as a refrigerant in the condensation recovery system, the refrigeration temperature is minus 20 to minus 40 ℃, and most of organic concentrated gas coming out from the permeation side of the membrane separation assembly (6) is liquefied to form a gas-liquid mixture after passing through a condenser, and then enters a gas-liquid separation storage tank (9).
According to the scheme, the lean waste gas coming out of the surplus side of the membrane separation assembly (6) enters a lean gas resin adsorption tower (12), the used adsorption resin is made of special hydrophobic high polymer materials, the adsorption tower is respectively in an adsorption and regeneration standby state in a mode that two towers are connected in parallel, a VOC detector is arranged on the tower top, and when the adsorption tower is saturated quickly, a steam blowing method is adopted for regeneration.
According to the scheme, uncondensed organic gas from a gas-liquid separation tank is adsorbed and recovered by a gas-rich resin adsorption tower (10), the adsorption resin used by the gas-rich adsorption tower (10) is made of a special hydrophobic high polymer material, the adsorption tower is in an adsorption and regeneration standby state in a mode of connecting two towers in parallel, a VOC detector is arranged on the tower top, when the adsorption tower is saturated quickly, regeneration is carried out by adopting a steam purging method, the regeneration condensate is introduced into an oil-water separator (15) through a pipeline, a VOC concentration detector is arranged on the tower top, the adsorbed clean gas is discharged from the tower top, and the adsorbed tail gas is divided into two parts and enters a cold oil absorption tower (9) and a gas balance system (22) through a control valve respectively.
According to the scheme, according to the accumulated concentration condition of the non-condensable gas and the requirement of gas balance of the whole production area, the purified gas discharged from the rich gas adsorption tower is directly introduced into a gas balance system through a control valve or is discharged outside after passing through a cold oil absorption tower.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention
1-an alkaline washing tower, 2-a circulating alkali storage tank, 3-a water washing tower, 4-a waste gas buffer storage tank, 5-a compressor, 6-a membrane separation component, 7-a condenser, 8-a refrigerant, 9-an oil-gas separation tank, 10-a gas-rich resin adsorption tower, 11-a cold oil absorption tower, 12-a lean gas resin adsorption tower, 13-an emptying pipe, 14-a condenser, 15-an oil-water separator, 16-a waste gas branch pipe, 17-a waste gas main pipe, 18-a steam inlet, 19-a condensate, 20-a recovered solvent outlet, 21-a recycled water outlet, 22-tempered tail gas, 23-refluxed tail gas, 24-a cold oil inlet, 25-a cold oil outlet, 26-a recovered solvent outlet, 27-an emptying valve and 28-a circulating opening valve, 29-vent valve, 30-opening valve
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the comprehensive treatment method of the organic volatile matters in the refining and chemical enterprises comprises a waste gas collecting system, a pretreatment unit, a waste gas buffer storage unit, a membrane separation unit, a condensation recovery unit, a resin adsorption lean gas recovery unit, a resin adsorption rich gas recovery unit and a cold oil absorption and discharge unit.
Various organic waste gases generated from various organized discharge operation units and unorganized discharge points of the refining enterprises are collected by a waste gas collecting system and then are comprehensively treated.
The waste gas collecting system is composed of branch pipelines connected with each operating unit, each branch pipeline and a main pipeline merged after being gathered, and the pipe network comprises a gas pipeline, a pipeline and discharge source connecting valve, a pressure and pressure control element, a fan, a pressure sensor, an inert gas pipeline, an automatic control valve and an installation and exhaust pipeline automatic control valve.
The waste gas collecting system adopts safety measures such as automatic detection of waste gas concentration, automatic detection of oxygen content, automatic detection and control of pressure and the like.
The organic exhaust gas manifold contains air, water vapor, particulate matter, SO2, NOX, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), oil and gas, hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfides, odors, benzene, toluene, xylene, and the like.
The pressure of the main pipeline of the waste gas collecting system is kept in a positive pressure state, and the pressure is kept above 0.4kPa, and is generally 0.4-2kPa.
And a nitrogen supplementing pipeline is arranged in the waste gas collecting system, the oxygen volume content of the gas in the system is controlled to be less than 5%, and when the oxygen volume content of the gas in the system exceeds 5%, the nitrogen is automatically supplemented.
Organic waste gas from the exhaust gas main is connected into an alkaline washing tower through a control valve, a Venturi tube mixer is used for the alkaline washing tower, negative pressure is generated by the organic waste gas through a Venturi tube, alkaline liquor is sucked into the mixer, an instrument is driven into the tower after gas-liquid mixing for gas-liquid separation, the alkaline liquor flows back to an alkaline storage tank for recycling, and the alkaline washed organic waste gas is guided into a water washing tower from the top of the tower.
The water washing tower adopts a spraying mode, and waste gas is guided into the tower bottom and is sufficiently contacted with cold water sprayed downwards, and then is guided out from the tower top.
Organic waste gas from a washing tower is sent into a waste gas guiding buffer storage tank (4) through a fan, gas-liquid separation is carried out in the tank, liquid phase (without liquid phase in normal operation) in the tank is sent to an oil-water separation tank (15), tank top gas enters a compressor (5), the pressure of the waste gas is raised to 0.2-0.35MPa (G) after compression, the organic waste gas is cooled to 40 ℃ through an outlet cooler of the compressor (5), then the organic waste gas is sent into a compressor outlet to be discharged out of the tank, gas-liquid separation is carried out in the tank, liquid phase (without liquid phase in normal operation) in the tank is sent to a solvent storage tank (9), and gas phase on the tank top enters a membrane separator component (6). The low-concentration tail gas on the surplus side of the membrane separation component enters a lean gas adsorption tower (12) filled with a high-molecular resin adsorbent, and purified gas meeting the environmental protection requirement is obtained after resin adsorption and is discharged outside a battery limit. The permeation side of the membrane separation component is concentrated organic waste gas, the concentrated organic waste gas enters a cooler (7) through a control valve and is cooled to 20-40 ℃ below zero, the oil-gas mixture enters an oil-gas separation tank (9), and the gas phase at the top of the separation tank enters a gas-enriched adsorption tower (10) filled with high molecular adsorption resin.
The organic gas adsorbed by the rich gas adsorption tank is divided into two parts according to the integral consumption and the balance generation requirement of plant gas, one part directly enters a plant gas balance system, the other part enters a cold oil absorption device (11), the organic waste gas absorbed by cold oil is divided into two parts according to the integral consumption and the balance generation requirement of the plant gas, the other part directly enters the plant gas balance system, and the other part flows back to the front end of the compressor for circulation.
The rich gas absorption tower and the lean gas absorption tower are connected in series by two-purpose one-standby mode, when the adsorption capacity reaches to be close to saturation, the desorption is carried out by adopting a low-pressure steam desorption mode, the condensed organic solvent is desorbed, and the organic solvent enters an oil-water separation tank (15) for oil-water separation. The upper layer of the oil-water separation tank is a recovered solvent, and the lower layer is condensed water.
Claims (11)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters in refining enterprises is characterized in that organic waste gas discharged organically and disorderly from each operation unit of the refining enterprises is collected by a collection system and then treated and recovered by a comprehensive treatment system method.
2. The organic waste gas collecting system according to claim 1, comprising branch lines (16) extending to the respective operation units and a main line (17) connected to the branch lines, wherein a nitrogen gas supplementary line is provided, and safety measures including, but not limited to, pressure detection, VOC concentration detection, oxygen concentration detection, and nitrogen gas supplementary are taken in each branch line and the main line of the system.
3. The comprehensive waste gas treatment system of claim 1, which comprises a waste gas pretreatment unit, a waste gas collection unit, a membrane separation unit, a condensation recovery unit, a resin adsorption lean gas recovery unit, a resin adsorption rich gas recovery unit, and a cold oil absorption recovery unit;
the pretreatment unit comprises an alkaline washing tower (1), a circulating alkali storage tank (2) and a water washing tower (3), wherein the alkaline washing tower is connected with the circulating alkali storage tank through a circulating pump and a circulating loop, an inlet is connected with a waste gas pipe (17), and an outlet is connected with the water washing tower (3);
the main body of the waste gas collecting unit is an oil gas storage buffer tank (4), an inlet of the waste gas collecting unit is connected with the water washing tower (3), and an outlet of the waste gas collecting unit is connected with a compressor (5);
the membrane separation unit comprises a compressor (5) with an inlet connected with the water washing tower (3) and an outlet connected with the membrane separation component (6), and the membrane separation component (6) with an inlet connected with the compressor and an outlet connected with the condenser (7) and the lean gas resin absorption tower (12);
the condensation recovery unit comprises a circulating refrigerant (7), a condenser (7) with an inlet connected with a pipeline at the permeation side of the membrane separation component and an outlet connected with an oil-gas separation tank (9), and an oil-gas separation tank (9) with an inlet connected with the condenser (7) and an outlet connected with a gas-rich resin adsorption tower (10);
the resin adsorption lean gas recovery unit is mainly provided with a lean gas resin absorption tower (12), the bottom inlet is connected with a membrane separation assembly residual gas outlet pipeline and a regeneration steam pipeline, and the outlet is connected with a vent pipeline and a regeneration condenser;
the rich gas resin adsorption recovery unit comprises a rich gas resin adsorption recovery tower (10), a condenser (14) and an oil-water separation tank (15), wherein an inlet at the bottom of the rich gas resin adsorption tower is connected with an oil-gas separation tank (9), an outlet at the top of the rich gas resin adsorption tower is connected with a shallow cold oil recovery tower (11) and the condenser (14), the condenser (14) is connected with a cold water inlet and outlet pipeline and a regenerated gas inlet and outlet pipeline, and an inlet of the oil-water separation tank is connected with a regenerated steam outlet condenser;
the main body of the cold oil absorption and recovery unit is a cold oil absorption tower (11) which is connected with a cold oil circulating inlet and outlet pipeline, an inlet is connected with the gas-rich resin adsorption tower (10), and an outlet is connected with the compressor (5) and the emptying pipe.
4. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes a waste gas pre-treating unit, which is characterized in that: waste gas sequentially passes through an alkaline washing tower (1) and a water washing tower (3), the alkaline washing tower is structurally one of a Venturi mixer, a spray tower, a packed tower, a falling film tower and a sieve plate tower, circulating alkali liquor (2) enters a tower body from the top of the tower through a circulating pump (for example, the circulating alkali liquor is sucked into the Venturi mixer by vacuum generated by high-pressure gas), waste gas enters the tower body from the bottom of the tower (the waste gas of the Venturi mixer enters from the Venturi pipe), and the waste gas is discharged from the top of the tower and then is guided into the water washing tower through a pipeline; the water washing tower is one of a spray tower, a falling film tower, a sieve plate tower and a packed tower, and waste gas treated by the alkali washing tower enters from the bottom of the tower and is discharged from the top of the tower to enter a waste gas buffer storage tank (4).
5. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes waste gas buffering and storing tank (4) and features that the double-film gas tank has inner and outer structure, outer layer of hard metal material and inner layer of PVDF material.
6. The integrated waste gas treatment system according to claim 3, comprising a membrane separation unit, wherein: the membrane separation unit is formed by connecting a plurality of membrane components (6) in series, the adopted membrane material is one of organic silicon, polyether block amide, fluorine-containing polymer and plasma modified polymer membrane, and the membrane component is in a roll type, disc type or hollow fiber type.
7. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes a condensing and recovering unit, which is characterized in that: ammonia is used as a refrigerant, the refrigeration temperature is 20-40 ℃ below zero, and the cooled concentrated organic waste gas is introduced into an oil-gas separation tank (9) in a gas-liquid mixed mode.
8. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes a lean gas resin adsorbing and recovering unit, and is characterized in that: the lean gas adsorption tower (12) adopts a mode of parallel connection of double towers, a VOC concentration detector is arranged at the tower top, the adsorption and regeneration modes are switched according to the outlet gas concentration, and the two towers are alternately used; the adsorbent is a special high polymer material and has hydrophobicity; low-pressure steam is used for regeneration of the adsorption tower, and the regenerated steam is guided into the oil-water separation tank through the condenser; and the tail gas after adsorption is discharged into the atmosphere through a discharge device after reaching the standard.
9. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes a gas-rich resin adsorbing and recovering unit, and is characterized in that: the adsorption tower (10) adopts a mode of parallel connection of double towers, and the two towers are alternately used as an adsorption tower and a regeneration tower respectively; a VOC concentration detector is arranged at the tower top, and the tail gas after adsorption is divided into two parts through a control valve and respectively enters a cold oil absorption tower (9) and a gas balance system (22); the adsorbent is a special high polymer material and has hydrophobicity; the low-pressure steam is used for regeneration of the adsorption tower, and the regenerated steam is guided into the oil-water separation tank through the condenser.
10. The comprehensive waste gas treating system as set forth in claim 3 includes a cold oil absorbing and recovering unit, and features that: and a VOC detector is arranged at the outlet of the cold oil absorption tower (11), organic waste gas discharged from the rich gas absorption tower is absorbed by shallow cold oil and then is divided into two parts, one part returns to the inlet (23) of the compressor, and the other part is introduced into a gas balance system (22).
11. A comprehensive treatment method for organic volatile matters of a refinery enterprise is characterized in that organic waste gas discharged organized and unorganized in each operation unit of the refinery enterprise is collected through a collection system, the organic waste gas is comprehensively treated through unit operations of pretreatment, membrane separation, condensation recovery and adsorption recovery, the treated organic waste gas is divided into two parts according to the integral consumption of plant gas and the requirement of production balance, one part directly enters a plant gas balance system and is incorporated into the plant gas balance major cycle, the other part is absorbed by cold oil and then is incorporated into a gas level system again and then flows back to the pretreated unit, and the other part is circulated in the system.
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