CN102309914A - Treatment method for stinky waste gas discharged by storage tank - Google Patents
Treatment method for stinky waste gas discharged by storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN102309914A CN102309914A CN2010102221373A CN201010222137A CN102309914A CN 102309914 A CN102309914 A CN 102309914A CN 2010102221373 A CN2010102221373 A CN 2010102221373A CN 201010222137 A CN201010222137 A CN 201010222137A CN 102309914 A CN102309914 A CN 102309914A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for stinky waste gas discharged by a storage tank. The stinky waste gas discharged by the storage tank comprises hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfides and the like; the discharged waste gas is introduced into a waste gas treatment device; when the waste gas treatment device runs, the waste gas first passes through a low-temperature absorption tower; distillate is used as an absorbent, and the distillate is cooled to the temperature of between 10 DEG C below zero and 30 DEG C in a cooler; after the waste gas is absorbed by the distillate, most hydrocarbons and most organic sulfides are purified; and the waste gas passing through the absorption tower is purified in a circulation desulfurization reactor, the sulfur compounds of the waste gas are further absorbed by using an alkali liquor absorbent in the circulation desulfurization reactor, and the purified gas passing through the circulation desulfurization reactor is discharged by a discharge tube. The treatment method has the advantages of simple flow, easily obtained absorbent, high purification efficiency and the like, and is suitable for treating respiratory gas of various chemical storage tanks.
Description
Technical field
The physical cleaning of foul waste gas that the present invention relates to the harmful constituents such as organic sulfur compound such as sulfide hydrogen, mercaptan, thioether and hydro carbons of sour water jar, slop tank, semi product tank and the discharging of other oil refining apparatus in the processing method, particularly oil refining enterprise of a kind of storage tank discharging foul waste gas combines processing method with chemical cleaning method.
Background technology
Oil plant is in the process of processing crude oil; Some facilities give off a large amount of odor pollution waste gas inevitably; Particularly facilities such as sour water storage tank, semi-finished product oil product storage tank, sump oil storage tank, removal of mercaptans tail gas comprise hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compound, benzene series thing and other VOCs components such as (volatile organic matters) in the odorant pollutant of these facility dischargings.The long-term activity of staff possibly cause diseases such as respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system in the environment that is polluted by these materials, also possibly cause body disease even carcinogenic; When short-term pollution is serious, also can make the people produce tangible dizziness, larynx painful, feel sick, acute poisoning symptom such as vomiting.
Above-mentioned waste gas component is complicated, causes the odor pollution of surrounding enviroment, and health is threatened, and this type exhaust gas concentration is low, and component is complicated, be difficult to thorough purification, so the exploitation of this type waste gas pollution control and treatment is also more and more urgent.
The processing of storage tank discharging foul waste gas has its particularity, mainly shows as, and disturbs storage tank normally to move during the emission-control equipment purifying exhaust air easily, as causing flat jar or quick-fried jar of storage tank; In addition, the storage tank discharging waste gas is formed complicated, and it is bigger to purify difficulty.
Adopt liquefied ammonia and high boiling organic solvent to absorb storage-tank waste gas among the CN200610047790.4, this method is sulfide and hydro carbons in the purifying exhaust air preferably, but the ammonia that volatilizees is prone to cause secondary pollution.Adopt liquefied ammonia among the CN200710010373.7 and purify waste water the absorption storage-tank waste gas, this method is sulfide in the purifying exhaust air preferably, but the ammonia of volatilization is prone to cause secondary pollution, and hydro carbons does not obtain reclaiming.CN200710012210.2 adopts desulfurization one absorbing process to purify the storage-tank waste gas pollutant; This method adopts alkali lye liquid to remove sulfide; Adopt combine adsorption bed adsorbs hydrocarbons then, can purify this pollutant well, but have the long problem of saturated hydrocarbons Gas Recovery flow process.
CN200710010392.X handles acid sewage storage tank discharging gas through two-step purification; First order purified treatment adopts the branch lime set or the stripping of rich ammonia fractional condensation process in the sour water stripping process to purify waste water as absorption liquid; The second level is handled and is adopted cooled sorption process; Cooling procedure adopts the liquefied ammonia vaporization refrigeration in the sour water stripping process, and the ammonia after the vaporization returns the ammoniacal liquor system in the stripping process, and adsorption process adopts at least two active carbon bed handover operations; Steam regeneration is adopted in the saturated back of charcoal absorption, and the required steam of regeneration of activated carbon is from the tower bottom reboiler of stripping process.This method combines sour water stripping process and acid sewage storage tank discharging gas decontamination process, not only can remove the odorant in the sewage storage tank discharging gas, can also effectively reclaim hydrocarbons.
CN200710069125.X discloses a kind of heavy slop tank stench exhaust gas treating method, and the stench tail gas that blow device on the heavy sump oil pipeline is come is cooled to 96～100 ℃ with air cooler earlier, send heavy slop tank to store; Draw gas from heavy slop tank; Send into the condenser cooling again, the control temperature absorbs deodorizing with absorbent with tail gas and handles below 50 ℃ in the absorption tower; Carrying out deodorizing in venturi-type eductors with absorbent again handles; Promote power, last, the exhaust emissions after will handling through blow-down pipe.This method is sulfide in the purifying exhaust air effectively, but the hydro carbons in the waste gas is not purified, and in addition, after the long-time running, the organic sulfur compound purification efficiency reduces comparatively obvious, and absorbent is changed frequent.
In above-mentioned these methods, main existing problems are that malodor components can not thoroughly purify, and perhaps the limited floss hole that causes of purification efficiency still has the odorant pollutant discharging.Particularly when handling the waste gas of sulfide hydrogen, organic sulfur and hydro carbons complex component; When adopting alkali lye absorption desulfurization and other scheme to take off the group technology of hydrocarbon; All at first carry out alkali lye and absorb desulfurization; Alkali lye absorbs can remove whole hydrogen sulfide, and most of mercaptan, adopts absorption or adsorption method further to handle then and removes hydrocarbons.This handling process has technologic reasonability; Because elder generation removes hydrogen sulfide with alkali lye and part mercaptan can be avoided the influence of these materials to the subsequent treatment operation; But this handling process stability in the running is poor slightly; Comparatively strict to the requirement of subsequent treatment operation, final tail gas occur sometimes can not qualified discharge phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency to above-mentioned prior art; The present invention proposes a kind of purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas; The inventive method can be applicable to the storage tank of various discharging foul waste gas and the device of discharging sulfur compound and hydrocarbon gas, is specially adapted to pollution sources such as foul waste gas that the various storage tanks of oil refining enterprise discharge, oil refining apparatus tail gas.Like exhaust gas discharged such as petrochemical enterprise sour water jar, oil product pans, slop tank, gasoline oxidation sweetening units.It is simple that the present invention has flow process, and no safety issue purifies advantage completely.
The purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention comprises following content: comprise hydro carbons, hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compound in the discharging foul waste gas; Discharging waste gas is introduced emission-control equipment; During the emission-control equipment operation, waste gas at first passes through the low temperature absorption tower, and absorbent adopts distillate; Distillate is cooled to-10～30 ℃ on cooler, preferred 5～20 ℃; Waste gas has purified most hydro carbons and most of organic sulfur compound after absorbing through distillate; Waste gas through the absorption tower gets into the purification of circulation desulfurization reactor, and the circulation desulfurization reactor uses the sulfur-containing compound of the further absorbing waste gas of alkali lye absorbent, and the purified gas of process circulation desulfurization reactor is discharged by aiutage.Sulfur compound hardly in the waste gas after the purification, odorant pollutant is all purified.
In the inventive method, storage tank is provided with protection gas system as required, and protection gas is inert gas, and like nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, Low Temperature Steam, deoxidation flue gas etc., protection gas is used to protect the safe operation of storage tank.Protection gas air inlet switch is interlocked with storage tank jar internal pressure value mutually; At the storage-tank waste gas floss hole pressure sensor is set, sensor control signal and device bleed motor interlocking are when discharge pressure during greater than setting value; Start emission-control equipment, discharging gas is cleaned through emission-control equipment; When the minimizing of storage tank discharging gas amount, when discharge pressure was lower than setting value, emission-control equipment bleed motor was out of service.
In the inventive method, the absorbent distillate at first through the forecooler cooling, further reaches required absorption temperature through subcolling condenser then.The absorbent distillate is preferably gas oil fraction; Gas oil fraction derives from the gas oil fraction of various petroleum refining processes; Like still-process, catalytic cracking process, coking etc., generally require initial boiling point to be higher than 180 ℃, preferably be higher than 200 ℃; Gas oil fraction is counted more than 0.2% with the sulphur quality, is preferably more than 0.8%.In the inventive method, the rich lyosoption of discharging from the absorption tower does not carry out Regeneration Treatment, directly gets into diesel hydrotreater.Contain impurity such as more organic sulfur compound, nitride in the gas oil fraction of using among the present invention; Need further hydrotreatment just can obtain qualified product; Be used for further having absorbed hydro carbons behind the absorbent among the present invention and organic sulfur compound does not influence the character as hydrotreated feed, saved the device and the operating cost of lyosoption regeneration simultaneously.
In the inventive method,, storage tank is carried out tonifying Qi, prevent flat jar for guaranteeing the storage tank security of operation.Each jar all has air compensating system in the tank field, and the jar internal pressure value of tonifying Qi switch of each jar and corresponding jar is interlocked.Tonifying Qi switch opens when the jar internal pressure is lower than a certain setup pressure value is carried out tonifying Qi, prevents hypotony, and the determinated low limit force value is-500～500mmH
2O.When the jar internal pressure is higher than a certain force value, stop tonifying Qi, prevent that jar internal pressure is too high, setting high limit force value is 0～1500mmH
2O, preferred 50～1000mmH
2O.In application, high limit force value is higher than the lower bound force value, can guarantee the storage tank safe operation to greatest extent like this.Concrete pressure set points can be confirmed according to the concrete condition of storage tank.
At oil refining enterprise; Most of slop tanks use after need adopting steam blowing; Thereby exhaust emission can further increase the weight of, and when being used for this type storage tank discharging waste gas and administering, the present invention can do further optimization; Be between storage-tank waste gas floss hole and the emission-control equipment condenser to be set, condenser can be selected conventionally forms such as air cooler, shell and tube condenser, plate type heat exchanger.After the condenser cooling, vapoury EGT is cooled to 25 ℃～50 ℃, is convenient to emission-control equipment and handles.Because the uncertainty of quantity of steam and purge time, it is the cold adjustable way that condenser can be set.When using air cooler, the setting of interlocking of electric machine frequency and air cooler outlet temperature, 25 ℃～200 ℃ of outlet temperature lock ranges; 25 ℃～50 ℃ of temperature of control, when outlet temperature during greater than 25～50 ℃, electric machine frequency increases; Cold increases, thus control air cooler outlet temperature.Adopt the liquid coolant condenser for shell and tube condenser, plate type heat exchanger etc., can control cold medium flux through flow control valve and reach control cold purpose.The setting of interlocking of control valve for refrigerant flow aperture and condensator outlet temperature, 25 ℃～200 ℃ of outlet temperature lock ranges, 25 ℃～50 ℃ of control temperature.
In the inventive method; For the storage tank that steam blowing gas is arranged; Also can the placement location of condensers such as air cooler, shell and tube condenser, plate type heat exchanger be higher than storage tank; Make condensed fluid flow into storage tank automatically, also can surge tank be set behind condenser, make to purge and carry the recovery of sump oil entering surge tank.
In the inventive method, this area conventional structure and operating condition can be adopted in the absorption tower, and as adopting the material filling type absorption tower, the volume space velocity of waste gas is generally 20～1000h
-1, the spray specific volume of absorbent and waste gas is generally 0.005～0.5, is preferably 0.01～0.1.
In the inventive method, in the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention, desulfurization reactor is a gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor.Gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor comprises urceolus and inner core, and inner core is arranged on urceolus inside, and outer tube bottom is provided with the inner tube installation base; Inner core adopts movable connection method to be installed in outer tube bottom; The inner core bottom is provided with gas distributor, and gas conduit adopts flange to be connected with gas distributor, and the gas conduit flange is inlayed and is fixed in the inner tube wall; The flange hole that is connected with distributor is an internal thread, adopts bolt from the inner core outside distributor to be connected with gas conduit; Inner core top is the breeze way that has cover plate, and breeze way is the tubular construction of enlarged-diameter, and the sidewall of breeze way tubular construction is offered the water conservancy diversion eyelet, and inner core section or base below the gas distributor are provided with liquid flow path.Waste gas gets into the desulfurization reactor inner core through behind the absorption reaction, discharges from the gas discharge outlet at urceolus top.
In the inventive method, the urceolus top of gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor is provided with oil drain out, oil phase, liquid phase or gaseous impurity such as little foam that regularly condensation obtains in the discharging waste gas processing procedure.The inner core upper end is the structure of horn-type opening, and the breeze way height is generally 5%～50% of inner core total height, preferred 10%～30%.Breeze way sidewall flow-guiding mouth can be modes such as circular port, horizontal bar hole, perpendicular bar hole.Circular eye diameter is generally between 3mm～50mm, preferred 5mm～30mm.The bar hole width is 3mm～50mm, and length is 20mm～500mm, and breeze way sidewall water conservancy diversion eyelet percent opening generally should be greater than 0.5%; Generally 3%～20% better, percent opening is low excessively, and the gas-liquid buffering effect is poor; The excessive mixed effect variation of percent opening can not well be flowed out from eyelet.The angular range of breeze way outer wall and inner core medial axis is 5 degree～70 degree, preferred 20～45 degree, and the inclination angle is the minibuffer scarce capacity too, and the inclination angle does not too greatly then have cushioning effect and hinders liquid circulation.
The cover plate of gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor breeze way setting can be circular orifice cover plate or screen cloth cover plate; The gas-liquid breeze way that cover plate can be positioned at horn opening begins the optional position, breeze way eyelet below to the top from reducing, and the optimum position is the breeze way bottom, and experiment is found; When cover plate places the breeze way bottom with breeze way eyelet below; The disturbing phenomenon of reactor liquid level is weakened greatly, help liquid upper strata discharge impurities, this process can prevent that the absorption liquid surface is along with increase and ever-increasing phenomenon running time; In time eliminate the possibility of impurity blocking pipe in the gas; Increase the stability of absorption process, increase the service life, so this process is very important for waste gas purification.This mainly is because the power that cuts that the cover plate eyelet has has changed the flow direction of gas-liquid mixture at the inner core top, most of hydraulic fluid side is flowed out to the water conservancy diversion eyelet through breeze way, thereby reach the effect of eliminating liquid surface fluctuation and stable liquid level.Cover plate also plays the fixedly effect of inner core filler, increases the gas-liquid mass transfer effect.In test, if there is not cover plate, when the gas empty tower gas velocity was big, lighter plastic filler will be dashed by the gas-liquid fluid, was brought to the inner core outside, and gas-liquid mass transfer weakens greatly.When cover plate uses circular orifice, between circular orifice eye diameter 3mm～50mm, preferred 5mm～30mm; When cover plate uses the screen cloth cover plate, select mesh scope 0.5～50mm.Eyelet or mesh diameter can not be too little, otherwise the resistance drop increase, eyelet or mesh diameter are excessive, then lose the function of eliminating disturbance; Circular orifice cover plate percent opening generally should be greater than 0.5%, generally 3%～80% better, and preferred 5%～50%.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, circular cover and breeze way use and flexibly connect, with for convenience detach.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, gas conduit gets into from the top and leads to gas distributor position, bottom, and waste gas is to go out on enterprising.Gas conduit can be arranged between inner core and the urceolus, also can be arranged at the urceolus outside, but exhaust gas entrance need be higher than circulation desulfurization reactor inner core breeze way top.Go out on gas is enterprising, can avoid since gas transportation facilities stop or liquid refluence phenomenon that the variation of temperature produces takes place, prolong gas transportation facilities service life.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used; Inner core can be placed filler and also can not put; For reaching better effect; The preferred filler of placing, filler can be commercially available various hard fillers, comprises the fillers such as Pall ring, Raschig ring, rectangular saddle ring, plastics ball-type, haydite, saddle type, perforate lopps type, semi-ring, cascade ring, two arc, Haier's ring, conjugate ring, flat ring, garland, hollow ball of metal, pottery and plastics.Filler filling ratio of height to diameter is 0.5: 1～5: 1, preferred 1: 1～3: 1.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, gas conduit adopts flange to be connected with gas distributor.Among the present invention, the flange that is connected with gas conduit is embedded in the inner tube wall, and the flange hole that is connected with distributor is an internal thread, and bolt is connected with distributor from the inner core outside.So not only can overhaul by distributor for convenience detach, and saved the space that flange connects greatly, reduced the equipment occupation of land.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, be flexible connection between inner core filler gripper shoe and the inner core, can for convenience detachly overhaul, need during dismounting earlier the flange on gas conduit top to be dismantled, so that inner core integral body hangs out maintenance in urceolus.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, gas distributor is selected conventional distributor in this area for use, but preferred porous annular distribution device, gas gets into distributor from the distributor centre bottom.
In the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, interior tube bottom and urceolus base adopt and flexibly connect, and when maintenance, can easily inner core be taken out and carry out various maintenances, and type of attachment is seen the various forms of accompanying drawing, as 3～6 L type bearings are set.Interior tube bottom is provided with the liquid circulation passage, can be the slit passage, various ways such as grommet passages.Tube bottom also can be fixedly connected with the urceolus base, can inner members such as distributor be taken out from inner core is inner during maintenance.
During gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor that the inventive method is used, the waste gas after purifying through the absorption tower is introduced circulation desulfurization reactor inner core from gas conduit, carries out absorption reaction through the gas distributor back that distributes at inner core.Oily substance in the alkali lye surface flotation regularly reclaims.The concrete operations condition can adopt the conventional operating condition in this area.
In the inventive method, be the desulfurization absorption liquid with alkali lye in the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor, the pH value of alkali lye maintains more than 8, can regularly replace or replenish, and alkali lye generally uses sodium hydroxide solution or sodium carbonate liquor.
In the inventive method storage tank discharging waste gas processing method, use gas oil fraction to be absorbent, do not increase the absorbent cost on the one hand; Owing to contain more sulfide (content in sulphur generally can reach about 1%, can reach about 3%～8% in the content of organic sulfur compound) in the gas oil fraction, the organic sulfur compound in the foul waste gas had good absorption function on the other hand; Absorption process has not only absorbed the hydro carbons class material in the waste gas, absorbed most of organic sulfur compound simultaneously, and organic sulfur compound is one of component of gas-oil; Rich absorbent need not regenerated, and directly gets into follow-up hydrotreatment operation, because the organic sulfur compound content that increases is not obvious; Simultaneously with a large amount of not mixing as hydrotreated feed as the gas oil fraction of absorbent; Therefore do not influence the normal running of follow-up hydrotreatment operation, in the hydrotreatment process, organic sulfur compound is converted into hydro carbons; Become the valuable constituent of diesel oil, improved value.Because in absorption process, most of organic sulfur compound removes, has alleviated the load of follow-up alkali absorption process, improved the handling rate fruit, reduced the consumption of alkali lye and the discharging of spent lye.The required cost that the inventive method exhuast gas desulfurization and hydrocarbon reclaim is low, and comprehensive economy obviously improves.
The inventive method is used a kind of circulation desulfurization reactor of special construction, and the circulation desulfurization reactor is provided with cover plate at the inner core top, can effectively eliminate the liquid surface fluctuation phenomenon, helps the recovery of absorption liquid surface oily substance and the discharging of other impurity.This waste gas treatment equipment takes up an area of little, and absorption efficiency is high, and easy to maintenance.What the present invention was different with general circulation desulfurization reactor is that the inner core breeze way partly is provided with dismountable cover plate; Cover plate must be positioned at the breeze way part; And eyelet size and percent opening could greatly be eliminated liquid surface fluctuation within the scope of the invention, help improving the stability of desulfurization.In addition, in the gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor, distributor and gas conduit be connected to the embedded with flange syndeton, can overhaul distributor very easily, and save the space; Gas gets into reactor from top to bottom, prevents that effectively the absorption liquid refluence from getting in the gas line, and inner core is equipped with filler and makes the gas-liquid more even distribution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are two kinds of mode of operation schematic flow sheets of the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-waste gas, 2-absorption tower, 3-waste gas delivery pump, 4-desulfurization reactor, 5-purified gas; The 6-lean absorption oil, 7-heat exchanger, 8-refrigeration unit, 9-rich absorbent oil pump, rich absorbent after the 10-heat exchange; 11-nitrogen, 12-storage tank, the control of 13-pipeline pressure, 31-condenser.
Fig. 3～Fig. 6 is the concrete structure sketch map of desulfurization reactor among the present invention.The difference of Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 is that gas conduit 15 places urceolus 28 outsides, and all the other are identical.Fig. 5 and Fig. 3 difference are that Fig. 5 inner core 16 and urceolus 28 bases are welding manner; Gas conduit 15 and distributor 17 are seedpod of the lotus shape for the center is connected, and gas imports in the middle of distributor, more helps distribution of gas.
Wherein: the 14-exhaust gas inlet; The 15-gas conduit; The 16-adpting flange; The 17-gas distributor; The 18-sieve plate; The 19-inner core; The 20-cover plate; The 21-breeze way; The 22-filter; The 23-clean gas outlet; The 24-leakage fluid dram; The 25-inlet; The 26-drain; 27-inner core bearing; The 28-urceolus.
Fig. 7～Fig. 8 is desulfurization reactor inner core connected mode different with base and different circulation porthole approach.As shown in Figure 7, desulfurization reactor inner core and base connected mode are that inner core is positioned over the step clamp top that is welded in base among the present invention, and the step clamp more than 3 is set altogether, and the slit between the step clamp is the liquid circulation slit.
As shown in Figure 8, desulfurization reactor inner core and base connected mode are that inner core is positioned over inboard on the common clamp that is welded in base among the present invention, and the clamp more than 3 is set altogether, and the inner core bottom periphery is circular or semicircle eyelet 30.
Fig. 9～Figure 11 is a desulfurization reactor breeze way various forms of the present invention.The breeze way perforate can be various forms such as circle, vertical bar shape or horizontal stripe shape, is not limited to these open-cellular forms.
The specific embodiment
In the purification method of storage tank of the present invention discharging foul waste gas, the low temperature rich absorbent oil of bottom, absorption tower can be used as the refrigerant that absorbs oily forecooler in electric refrigerating machine group low-temperature receiver and high temperature.The heat that the low temperature rich absorbent oil can produce electric refrigeration compressor is earlier taken away, with the high temperature sorbent heat exchange, gets into next step processing unit (plant) then again.If the cooling of low temperature refrigerant, the then direct and high temperature sorbent heat exchange of low temperature rich absorbent oil gets into next step processing unit (plant).This design can reduce whole plant energy consumption greatly.
Among the present invention, the absorbent that is used to absorb hydro carbons and organic sulfur compound is through behind the subcolling condenser, and the absorbent temperature range is-10～30 ℃, optimum 5～20 ℃.Absorption temperature is low more to help absorbing hydro carbons more, but absorbent is cooled to very low temperature, and energy consumption increases relatively greatly, and the absorbent temperature can absorb the hydro carbons more than 95% in-10～30 ℃, can satisfy relevant national standard.When absorption temperature was higher, then the hydro carbons absorptivity can reduce rapidly, and it is unfavorable that hydrocarbon is reclaimed.
In the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention; The waste gas conveying equipment can be arranged between storage tank and the absorption tower; Preferably be arranged between absorption tower and the circulation desulfurization reactor, can avoid this moment hydrocarbons in the waste gas the adverse effect of gas transportation facilities.The waste gas conveying equipment can be selected forms such as Pendular ring type gas transfer pump, gas-liquid mixing pump; The Pendular ring type gas transfer pump comprises pendular ring liquid-ring vacuum pump, liquid rotary compressor etc., and gas-liquid mixing pump comprises common turbulence pump, air dissolved pump, Ozone Water mixing pump, Airfloat pump, air-water mixing pump, mixes air pump, aeration pump, Gas-liquid pump etc.Use Pendular ring type gas transfer pump, gas-liquid mixing pump not only to can be used as bleed power, and gas liquid reaction is rapider.
In the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention, remain on below 30 ℃, more help the absorption of alkali lye, and can not produce because the temperature rising causes alkali lye to consume excessive shortcoming to hydrogen sulfide through the EGT after the low temperature absorption.
In the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention; The efficiently hydrogen sulfide of various high concentrations and organic sulfur compound malodor components in the purifying exhaust air; Recyclable hydro carbons more than 90% of while; Have very big social benefit, can produce considerable economic, general 3 years recoverable plant investments simultaneously.Among the present invention, made full use of exchange heat, the cold of low temperature rich absorbent oil can cool off inlet waste gas, the water vapour in the condensation waste gas; And then in the refrigeration unit heat-obtaining, economized cycle water, then; The cooling down high-temperature absorbent is practiced thrift the refrigeration unit power consumption again, fully reaches energy-conservation purpose.
In the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention,, when guaranteeing jar safe operation, also reduced the air compensation and the discharge amount of exhaust gas of protection gas through to jar internal pressure control protective gas switch; Through steam blowing gas is carried out condensation, reduced the foul waste gas discharge capacity significantly, help reducing the operating cost that waste gas purification is handled.
Further specify the technology contents and the effect of the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, storage tank 12 tops protection gas nitrogen 11 gets in the storage tank under the pressure-control valve effect in an orderly manner, makes storage tank 12 keep positive pressure operation.When jar liquid level in the storage tank 12 raises or temperature when increasing, a gas pressure increases in jar, unnecessary waste gas let-down vessel 12; When pipeline pressure is increased to setting value; Pipeline pressure control 13 is started working, and starts waste gas delivery pump 3, lean absorption oil 6 beginning accesss to plant; Start rich absorbent oil pump 9 and refrigeration unit 8, whole device entry into service.Waste gas absorbs hydro carbons and sulfide through the absorption tower down the used of conveying equipment 3, gets into circulation desulfurization reactor 4 then and purifies the residual contamination thing.The discharging of final purification gas.
Fig. 2 flow process is applicable to the waste gas purification flow process when a large amount of steam blowing gas get into storage tank.If the storage tank slop tank, when upstream device sweep gas intermittent discharge arrived this jar, tank temperature increased, and EGT and pressure increase simultaneously in the storage tank; When EGT in the storage tank surpasses setting value, start air cooler 31 power supplys (or shell and tube condenser refrigerant valve), the waste gas that contains a large amount of steam is through after the condensation; Most of steam is condensed into liquid, and tolerance also significantly reduces, when starting condenser; Pipeline pressure control 13 is started working, and through pressure signal control, starts waste gas delivery pump 3; Lean absorption oil 6 beginning accesss to plant start rich absorbent oil pump 9 and refrigeration unit 8, whole device entry into service.Waste gas absorbs hydro carbons and sulfide through the absorption tower under the effect of conveying equipment 3, get into desulfurization reactor 4 then and purify the residual contamination thing.The discharging of final purification gas.
Like Fig. 3～shown in Figure 7; The process that the desulfurization reactor that uses in the purification method of storage tank discharging foul waste gas of the present invention is handled waste gas is following: absorption liquid gets in the reactor urceolus 28 through the inlet 25 of absorption liquid, absorbs to stop feed liquor when liquid level reaches receiving port 24.Waste gas gets into wireway 15 from exhaust gas inlet 14, then gets into gas distributor 17, through distributor; Gas evenly floats at inner core 19; Filler bubble through in the inner core 19 further is broken into minute bubbles, absorbs with absorption liquid homogeneous reaction in the inner core 19, and absorption liquid flows upward to the top and flows out through the water conservancy diversion eyelet of breeze way 21 and the eyelet of cover plate 20 under the gas motive force; Downward then circulation; To inner core bearing 27, get into inner core, sulfide in the absorbing waste gas that moves in circles through the bearing eyelet.Gas after the absorption is discharged from clean gas outlet 23 through cover plate.
Sulfide hydrogen 5000mg/m in certain oil refining enterprise acid water tank field waste gas
3, methyl disulfide 100mg/m
3, thiophene phenol 60mg/m
3, total hydrocarbon concentration 20 * 10
4Mg/m
3, flow is 100Nm
3/ h.Adopt technological process as shown in Figure 1; Toxic emission is an intermittent discharge; Pipeline pressure starts gas transfer pump 3 and starts rich absorbent oil pump 9 and refrigeration unit 8 simultaneously during greater than 1000Pa, and desulfurization reactor adopts structure as shown in Figure 3; Adopting sodium hydrate aqueous solution in the desulfurization reactor is the desulfurization absorption liquid, when working solution pH value reduces to 9, replenishes and changes fresh alkali lye.Filling Dg38 packing ring in the absorption tower.It is 180～380 ℃ catalytic cracking gas oil fraction that absorbent adopts boiling range, is 0.8% in the sulfur content of sulphur quality, and subcolling condenser adopts the electric refrigerating machine group, and absorbing the diesel oil flow is 8m
3/ h absorbs 15 ℃ of diesel fuel temperature.
Foul waste gas after above-mentioned technology purifies, hydrogen sulfide purifying rate 100% in the waste gas, methyl disulfide clearance 99.9%, total hydrocarbon clearance＞95%, this device move 100d continuously, clearance is stablized constant.
Sulfide hydrogen 1000mg/m in certain oil refining enterprise sump oil tank field waste gas
3, methyl disulfide 300mg/m
3, methyl mercaptan 60mg/m
3, total hydrocarbon concentration 20 * 10
4Mg/m
3, flow is 150Nm
3/ h.When operation, have the water vapor purging gas of 1000m3/h intermittently to send into storage tank, adopt technological process as shown in Figure 2, off-gas condenser is an air cooler.When large quantity of exhaust gas discharged, EGT was higher than 60 ℃ in the discharge tube, at this moment starts the air cooler blower fan; The air cooler entry into service; When pipeline pressure during greater than 30000Pa, start gas transfer pump 3 and start rich absorbent oil pump 9 and refrigeration unit 8 simultaneously, absorbent is that sulfur content is 1.2% catalytic cracking diesel oil; Desulfurization reactor adopts structure as shown in Figure 3, uses sodium hydroxide solution as desulfurization absorbent in the desulfurization reactor.Condensed waste gas absorbs sulfide and hydro carbons after through the absorption tower; Get into desulfurization reactor then; Adopting NaOH and clorox mixed aqueous solution in the desulfurization reactor is the desulfurization absorption liquid; Naoh concentration 2wt%, clorox concentration 3wt% replenishes when working solution pH value reduces to 9 and changes fresh alkali lye.Filling Dg38 packing ring in the absorption tower.Absorbent employing boiling range is 200～380 ℃ a diesel oil, and subcolling condenser adopts the electric refrigerating machine group, and absorbing the diesel oil flow is 10m
3/ h absorbs 12 ℃ of diesel fuel temperature.When not having steam blowing gas, EGT can descend, and when dropping to 60 ℃, stops the air cooler operation.When pipeline pressure is lower than 100Pa, stops gas transfer pump 3 and stop rich absorbent oil pump 9 and refrigeration unit 8 simultaneously.
Foul waste gas after above-mentioned technology purifies, hydrogen sulfide purifying rate 100% in the waste gas, methyl mercaptan clearance 100%, methyl disulfide clearance 99.8%, total hydrocarbon clearance＞95%, this device move 300d continuously, clearance is stablized constant.In this technology, a large amount of sweep gas are through after the condensation, and tolerance can reduce about more than 90%, alleviated waste gas aftertreatment device load.
Comparative example 1
According to embodiment 1 described method, technological process absorbs by first aqueous slkali, and to operate actual conditions identical with embodiment 1 for the mode that absorbs of diesel oil then.
Compare with embodiment 1 result, the alkali lye consumption of comparative example 1 increases more than 50%, but the hydrogen sulfide content that finally discharges in the tail gas still obviously exceeds standard.
Comparative example 2
According to comparative example 1 described method, technological process absorbs by first aqueous slkali, and the mode of diesel oil absorption is operated then, and absorbent changes the commercial Dissel oil product into.
Compare with embodiment 1 result; The alkali lye consumption of comparative example 2 increases more than 50%; Hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur content in the final discharging tail gas reach discharge standard basically, but commercial Dissel oil needs strict Regeneration Treatment, regenerating unit that need be special after as lyosoption; Operating cost is higher, also has the loss problem of lyosoption.
Claims (10)
1. the processing method of a storage tank discharging foul waste gas comprises following content: comprise hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur compound in the storage tank discharging foul waste gas, discharging waste gas introducing emission-control equipment; During the emission-control equipment operation; Waste gas at first passes through the low temperature absorption tower, and absorbent adopts distillate, and distillate is cooled to-10～30 ℃ on cooler; Waste gas has purified most hydro carbons and most of organic sulfur compound after absorbing through distillate; Waste gas through the absorption tower gets into the purification of circulation desulfurization reactor, and the circulation desulfurization reactor uses the sulfur-containing compound of the further absorbing waste gas of alkali lye absorbent, and the purified gas of process circulation desulfurization reactor is discharged by aiutage.
2. according to the described method of claim 1; It is characterized in that: storage tank is provided with protection gas system, and protection gas air inlet switch is interlocked with storage tank jar internal pressure value mutually, at the storage-tank waste gas floss hole pressure sensor is set; Sensor control signal and device bleed motor interlocking; When discharge pressure during greater than setting value, start emission-control equipment, discharging gas is cleaned through emission-control equipment; When the minimizing of storage tank discharging gas amount, when discharge pressure was lower than setting value, emission-control equipment bleed motor was out of service.
3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the absorbent distillate is a gas oil fraction, and the absorbent distillate is cooled to 5～20 ℃, and the initial boiling point of absorbent distillate is higher than 180 ℃, and gas oil fraction is counted more than 0.2% with the sulphur quality.
4. according to the described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the initial boiling point of absorbent distillate is higher than 200 ℃, and gas oil fraction is counted more than 0.8% with the sulphur quality.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the rich lyosoption of discharging from the absorption tower does not carry out Regeneration Treatment, directly gets into diesel hydrotreater.
6. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: between storage-tank waste gas floss hole and emission-control equipment, condenser is set, EGT is cooled to 25 ℃～50 ℃.
7. according to the described method of claim 1; It is characterized in that: desulfurization reactor is for comprising urceolus and inner core, and inner core is arranged on urceolus inside, and outer tube bottom is provided with the inner tube installation base; Inner core adopts movable connection method to be installed in outer tube bottom; The inner core bottom is provided with gas distributor, and gas conduit adopts flange to be connected with gas distributor, and the gas conduit flange is inlayed and is fixed in the inner tube wall; The flange hole that is connected with distributor is an internal thread, adopts bolt from the inner core outside distributor to be connected with gas conduit; Inner core top is the breeze way that has cover plate, and breeze way is the tubular construction of enlarged-diameter, and the sidewall of breeze way tubular construction is offered the water conservancy diversion eyelet, and inner core section or base below the gas distributor are provided with liquid flow path.
8. according to the described method of claim 7, it is characterized in that: gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor breeze way height is 5%～50% of an inner core total height, and breeze way sidewall water conservancy diversion eyelet percent opening is 3%～20%.
9. according to the described method of claim 7; It is characterized in that: the cover plate of gas-liquid circulation desulfurization reactor breeze way setting is circular orifice cover plate or screen cloth cover plate, and the gas-liquid breeze way that cover plate is positioned at horn opening begins the optional position, breeze way eyelet below to the top from reducing.
10. according to the described method of claim 7, it is characterized in that: interior tube bottom and urceolus base adopt and flexibly connect, and interior tube bottom is provided with the liquid circulation passage.
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| CN103768914A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Treatment method of dissipative exhaust gas from acidic water storage tank |
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