CN114935009B - 一种耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫及其制备方法,属于密封材料技术领域。所述金属橡胶密封垫由以下原料制成:基底金属橡胶、填充物聚四氟乙烯、石墨、云母。填充物按重量百分比由石墨2~5%、云母5~20%,余量为聚四氟乙烯组成,其制备方法包括如下步骤:填充物预处理→研磨→混合→加入金属橡胶毛坯→加压成胚料→烧结并冷却→加工成成品。本发明制备的金属橡胶密封垫以金属橡胶为骨架,聚四氟乙烯、石墨、云母的均匀混合物作填充,通过填充改性克服了传统聚四氟乙烯密封垫的冷流效应、蠕变性差、回弹性差的不足,同时提高了密封性能,填补了高温高压下清洁密封的空白。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于密封材料技术领域,具体涉及一种耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫及其制备方法。
背景技术
在法兰-管道连接系统中,流体输送时产生的振动和泄露是无法完全避免的,这种振动和泄露极易引起法兰连接系统甚至成套特备的失效。由于输送的介质有一定的温度、腐蚀性、压力以及振动等特点,因此研发出一种低泄露、低蠕变、耐腐蚀、耐高温的金属橡胶密封垫具有很大的市场意义。
传统的聚四氟乙烯密封垫在使用过程中存在“冷流效应”,即其在长时间连续载荷作用下会发生的蠕变,这使其在密封时易发生泄露。
传统的聚四氟乙烯密封垫压缩强度低,这对其在振动工况下的使用有很大限制。金属橡胶是一种均质的弹性多孔物质,工作温度范围大,具有很好的减震抗冲击性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低泄露、低蠕变、耐腐蚀、耐高温的金属橡胶密封垫的制备方法,通过将聚四氟乙烯、石墨、云母的混合物均匀的填充进金属橡胶的孔隙中,克服了传统聚四氟乙烯填料具有的“冷流效应”、不能承压耐温,使之具有优异的回弹性、耐高温抗蠕变性和密封性。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:以金属橡胶为基底,聚四氟乙烯、石墨和云母的均匀混合物为填充物。填充物按重量百分比由石墨2~5%、云母5~20%,余量为聚四氟乙烯组成。
一种耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将一定质量的金属丝通过专用缠绕设备绕制成1-2mm的螺旋卷,再将螺旋卷进行定螺距拉伸,然后按照一定的缠绕轨迹缠绕在芯轴上形成金属橡胶毛坯;
(2)将填充物原料捣碎,用研磨机充分研磨,过目数80~140的目筛筛分,并去除筛上物;筛分后在23~25℃的环境下对粉料进行12~24h干燥预处理;
(3)按质量百分比准确称量各原料,并将其在高速搅拌混合机内充分搅拌混合;
(4)将(1)中缠绕好的金属橡胶毛坯置于(3)中混合均匀的填充物中,对其内部的孔隙进行填充,直至填充物均匀的分布在毛坯内部及表面;
(5)将填充均匀的毛坯放入环形的模具中,经2~5分钟加载至25~30MPa,保持3~5分钟,后经6~8分钟加载至55~80MPa,保持6~8分钟;
(6)将胚料在马弗炉中升温烧结,先升温至330℃,保温1小时,后升温至380℃,保温2小时;冷却过程中,温降速度为53℃/h,其中当温度下降到220℃时,保温1小时,再以50℃/h降至室温,取出。
本发明在传统聚四氟乙烯填料中添加了改性剂:石墨、云母,其作用如下:
石墨:具有良好的化学稳定性、润滑性,在一定范围内,石墨会使PTFE的摩擦系数减小,提高其耐磨性,同时能够改善PTFE的压缩蠕变性以及尺寸稳定性,提高其气密性和导热性。
云母:可提高机械强度、增强韧性和耐腐蚀性、抗老化。
采用本发明制备的金属橡胶密封垫,克服了传统聚四氟乙烯密封垫的冷流效应、蠕变性差、回弹性差的不足,同时提高了密封性能,填补了高温高压下清洁密封的空白。
附图说明
图1是本发明的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的金属橡胶骨架结构示意图;
图2是本发明的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的结构示意图一,其中:1、金属橡胶骨架2、聚四氟乙烯、石墨、云母混合填充物;
图3是本发明的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的结构示意图二;
图4是本发明的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的剖面结构示意图;
图5是本发明的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的升温曲线图;
图6是实施例1提供的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的金属橡胶骨架实物图;
图7是实施例1提供的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的实物图;
图8是实施例1提供的耐高温金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的截面图,可以看到金属橡胶内部充满了填充材料。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施方式,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)取16g丝径0.15 mm的304不锈钢,通过专用缠绕设备绕制成直径2mm的螺旋卷,再将螺旋卷进行定螺距拉伸,然后按照一定的缠绕轨迹缠绕在芯轴上形成金属橡胶毛坯;
(2)取200mg石墨、600mg云母、3.2g聚四氟乙烯,将其分别捣碎,用研磨机充分研磨,过目数80的目筛筛分去除筛上物;筛分后在25℃的环境下对粉料进行12h干燥预处理;
(3)将预处理后的各原料倒入高速搅拌混合机内充分搅拌混合;
(4)将(1)中缠绕好的金属橡胶毛坯置于(3)中混合均匀的填充物中,对其内部的孔隙进行填充,直至填充物均匀的分布在金属橡胶毛坯内部及表面;
(5)将填充均匀的毛坯放入外径65mm,内径50mm的环形的模具中,经4分钟加载至25MPa,保持5分钟,后经6分钟加载至60MPa,保持6分钟;
(6)将胚料在马弗炉中升温烧结,先升温至330℃,保温1小时,后升温至380℃,保温2小时;冷却过程中,温降速度为53℃/h,其中当温度下降到220℃时,保温1小时,再以50℃/h降至室温,取出。
(7)如图2所示,为制备完成的外径65mm,内径50mm,厚5mm 的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫实物图;经测量,其对水介质的密封压力可达到2MPa。
实施例2
(1)取22g丝径0.2 mm的304不锈钢,通过专用缠绕设备绕制成直径2mm的螺旋卷,再将螺旋卷进行定螺距拉伸,然后按照一定的缠绕轨迹缠绕在芯轴上形成金属橡胶毛坯;
(2)取160mg石墨、600mg云母、3.24g聚四氟乙烯,将其分别捣碎,用研磨机充分研磨,过目数100的目筛筛分去除筛上物;筛分后在23℃的环境下对粉料进行24h干燥预处理;
(3)将预处理后的各原料倒入高速搅拌混合机内充分搅拌混合;
(4)将(1)中缠绕好的金属橡胶毛坯置于(3)中混合均匀的填充物中,对其内部的孔隙进行填充,直至填充物均匀的分布在金属橡胶毛坯内部及表面;
(5)将填充均匀的金属橡胶毛坯放入外径80mm,内径60mm的环形的模具中,经5分钟加载至30MPa,保持4分钟,后经5分钟加载至80MPa,保持7分钟;
(6)将胚料在马弗炉中升温烧结,先升温至330℃,保温1小时,后升温至380℃,保温2小时;冷却过程中,温降速度为53℃/h,其中当温度下降到220℃时,保温1小时,再以50℃/h降至室温,取出。
(7)对所制备的外径80mm,内径60mm,厚5mm 的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的密封性进行测量,其对水介质的密封压力可达到2MPa。
实施例3
(1)取12g丝径0.1 mm的304不锈钢,通过专用缠绕设备绕制成直径1mm的螺旋卷,再将螺旋卷进行定螺距拉伸,然后按照一定的缠绕轨迹缠绕在芯轴上形成金属橡胶毛坯;
(2)取120mg石墨、300mg云母、2.58g聚四氟乙烯,将其分别捣碎,用研磨机充分研磨,过目数140的目筛筛分去除筛上物;筛分后在24℃的环境下对粉料进行16h干燥预处理;
(3)将预处理后的各原料倒入高速搅拌混合机内充分搅拌混合;
(4)将(1)中缠绕好的金属橡胶毛坯置于(3)中混合均匀的填充物中,对其内部的孔隙进行填充,直至填充物均匀的分布在金属橡胶毛坯内部及表面;
(5)将填充均匀的金属橡胶毛坯放入外径65mm,内径50mm的环形的模具中,经3分钟加载至20MPa,保持3分钟,后经6分钟加载至55MPa,保持8分钟;
(6)将胚料在马弗炉中升温烧结,先升温至330℃,保温1小时,后升温至380℃,保温2小时;冷却过程中,温降速度为53℃/h,其中当温度下降到220℃时,保温1小时,再以50℃/h降至室温,取出。
(7)对所制备的外径65mm,内径50mm,厚5mm 的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的密封性进行测量,其对水介质的密封压力可达到2MPa。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种金属橡胶复合结构密封垫,其特征在于,以金属橡胶为基底,聚四氟乙烯、石墨和云母的均匀混合物为填充物;填充物中各组分的重量百分比为:石墨2~5%、云母5~20%,余量为聚四氟乙烯;
所述的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫的制备方法,以金属橡胶为基底,聚四氟乙烯、石墨、云母为填充物,包括以下步骤:
(1)将金属丝通过缠绕设备绕制成螺旋卷,再将螺旋卷进行定螺距拉伸,然后缠绕在芯轴上形成金属橡胶毛坯;
(2)将填充物原料捣碎,用研磨机充分研磨,过目筛筛分,去除筛上物;筛分后在23~25℃的环境下对粉料进行12~24h干燥预处理;
(3)按质量百分比准确称量各原料,并将其在高速搅拌混合机内充分搅拌混合;
(4)将(1)中缠绕好的金属橡胶毛坯置于(3)中混合均匀的填充物中,直至填充物均匀的分布在金属橡胶毛坯内部及表面;
(5)将填充均匀的金属橡胶毛坯放入模具中,经2~5分钟加载至25~30MPa,保持3~5分钟,后经6~8分钟加载至55~80MPa,保持6~8分钟;
(6)将胚料在马弗炉中升温烧结,然后冷却至室温,取出得到金属橡胶复合结构密封垫;
所述金属丝为304或316不锈钢,金属丝直径为0.1-0.2 mm,螺旋卷的螺距为1-2 mm,金属橡胶骨架的密度范围为1.5-2.5g/cm3;步骤(6)升温烧结过程分为两步:先升温至330℃,保温1小时,后升温至380℃,保温2小时;冷却过程中,温降速度为53℃/h,其中当温度下降到220℃时,保温1小时,再以50℃/h降至室温。
2.如权利要求1所述的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫,其特征在于:
所述聚四氟乙烯的平均粒径为25微米;
所述石墨的平均粒径为4微米;
所述云母的平均粒径为40微米。
3.如权利要求1所述的金属橡胶复合结构密封垫,其特征在于:步骤(2)筛的目数为80~140目。
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