CN114932303A - 一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法,包括:将铜合金棒放入不锈钢基体的盲孔中,并盖上端盖,得到装配体;将所述装配体放入真空炉内抽真空并加热至预热温度并保温第一预设时长;向真空炉内充入氩气并加热至双金属复合温度并保温第二预设时长;随真空炉冷却至热处理温度并保温第三预设时长;向真空炉内充入氩气开风扇快冷进行淬火。该方法将复合工艺与热处理工艺合并,提升了结合质量,改善了工艺性,简化了工艺流程大幅的提升了生产效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于焊接技术领域,尤其涉及一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法。
背景技术
不锈钢铜合金双金属复合技术广泛应用于航空航天领域,双金属复合技术在保证零件强度的前提下,可大幅度提高零件耐磨性能。
铜钢双金属复合相关方法,主要涉及铜合金双金属铸造、烧结、铜合金表面烧结、铜合金表面扩散焊领域,目前,铜合金与钢质基体复合后需再进行退火或淬火处理,容易导致结合面产生缺陷,影响结合层质量。
发明内容
本发明提供一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法,解决铜合金与钢质基体复合后需再进行退火或淬火处理,容易导致结合面产生缺陷,影响结合层质量的问题。
本发明提供一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法,包括:
将铜合金棒放入不锈钢基体的盲孔中,并盖上端盖,得到装配体;
将所述装配体放入真空炉内抽真空并加热至预热温度并保温第一预设时长;
向真空炉内充入氩气并加热至双金属复合温度并保温第二预设时长;
随真空炉冷却至热处理温度并保温第三预设时长;
向真空炉内充入氩气开风扇快冷进行淬火。
可选的,所述热处理温度为990~1020℃,第三预设时长为30~60min。
可选的,所述双金属复合温度为1080~1120℃,第二预设时长为15~30min。
可选的,所述不锈钢材料为0Cr16Ni6双相不锈钢,铜合金材料为铝青铜QAl10-5-5。
可选的,所述不锈钢基体盲孔装配前进行电镀镍2~12μm。
可选的,所述铜合金棒与不锈钢盲孔在装配时保证间隙0.3~1.5mm,铜合金棒长度小于盲孔深度。
可选的,所述端盖为钢质材料,其依靠重力盖于装配铜合金盲孔的上部,减少工艺过程中的铜合金挥发。
可选的,所述预热温度为840℃~865℃,第一预设时长为50~70min。
可选的,将真空炉加热至双金属复合温度之前,充入氩气至真空炉内压强500~700Pa。
本发明提供一种高强度0Cr16Ni6不锈钢表面QAl10-5-5铜合金双金属复合方法,主要包括不锈钢基体盲孔的预处理、铜合金棒与盲孔的装配关系、端盖的结构、预热工艺及参数、复合工艺及参数、合并热处理工艺及参数,具有操作方便、绿色环保、成本低、结合强度高、耐磨性能优异、承载及耐蚀能力强的特点,可大幅延长滑动类部件关键摩擦副的使用寿命。该方法将复合工艺与热处理工艺合并,提升了结合质量,改善了工艺性,简化了工艺流程大幅的提升了生产效率。同时,该方法适用性好,可广泛应用于不同牌号不锈钢零件表面无铅QAl10-5-5铜合金耐磨层的制备,操作方便、绿色环保、成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的不锈钢衬套内表面与QAl10-5-5铝青铜复合示意图;
附图标记说明:
1-端盖;
2-0Cr16Ni6不锈钢盲孔衬套毛坯;
3-QAl10-5-5铝青棒。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种高强度不锈钢表面铜合金双金属复合方法,具有操作方便、绿色环保、成本低、结合强度高、耐磨性能优异、承载及耐蚀能力强的特点,可大幅延长滑动类部件关键摩擦副的使用寿命。
本发明的技术方案包括:
S1、将铜合金棒放入不锈钢基体的盲孔中,并盖上端盖,得到装配体;
S2、将所述装配体放入真空炉内抽真空并加热至预热温度并保温第一预设时长;
S3、向真空炉内充入氩气并加热至双金属复合温度并保温第二预设时长;
S4、随真空炉冷却至热处理温度并保温第三预设时长;
S5、向真空炉内充入氩气开风扇快冷进行淬火。
进一步的,所述不锈钢材料为0Cr16Ni6双相不锈钢,铜合金材料为铝青铜QAl10-5-5。
进一步的,所述盲孔及不锈钢基体壁厚根据实际工件确定。
进一步的,所述不锈钢基体盲孔装配前进行电镀镍2~12μm。
进一步的,所述铜合金棒与不锈钢盲孔在装配时保证间隙0.3~1.5mm,铜合金棒长度小于盲孔深度。
进一步的,所述端盖为钢质材料,其依靠重力盖于装配铜合金盲孔的上部,减少工艺过程中的铜合金挥发。
进一步的,所述预热温度为840℃~865℃,第一预设时长为50~70min。
进一步的,所述充入氩气至炉内压强500~700Pa。
进一步的,所述双金属复合温度为1080~1120℃,第二预设时长为15~30min。
进一步的,所述热处理温度为990~1020℃,第三预设时长为30~60min。
进一步的,所述充入氩气快冷为气体淬火工艺。
示例性的,采用本发明提供的复合方法的一种具体实施例如下:
请参考图1,0Cr16Ni6不锈钢内表面复合QAl10-5-5铝青铜的双金属衬套零件的具体实施过程包括:
进行内表面复合前,先将0Cr16Ni6不锈钢盲孔衬套毛坯2的盲孔的内表面电镀镍2~12μm,并保证QAl10-5-5铝青棒3与盲孔在装配时保证间隙0.3~1.5mm,且QAl10-5-5铝青棒3长度小于盲孔深度。
随后采用丙酮对端盖1、0Cr16Ni6不锈钢盲孔衬套毛坯2、QAl10-5-5铝青棒3进行清洗,确保无油、污物等外来污染物。
随后按图1要求将QAl10-5-5铝青棒3放入0Cr16Ni6不锈钢盲孔衬套毛坯2中,并盖上端盖1。
将装配完成的毛坯放入真空炉中,并抽真空至压强小于5×10-2Pa,随后进行以下操作:
1、预热:50~70min加热至840℃~865℃,保温50~70min;
2、液相扩散:充入氩气至炉内压强500~700Pa,25~40分钟加热至1080~1120℃,保温15~30min;
3、固相扩散及热处理:随炉冷却至990~1020℃,保温30~60min;
4、淬火:充入氩气开炉内风扇快速冷却。
该方法通过在同一个真空炉内,将复合工艺与热处理工艺合并,提升了结合质量,改善了工艺性,简化了工艺流程大幅的提升了生产效率。经该工艺制备的双金属零件,其铜层结合强度高、耐磨性能优异、承载及耐蚀能力强,可大幅延长滑动类部件关键摩擦副的使用寿命。同时,该方法适用性好,可广泛应用于不同牌号不锈钢零件表面无铅QAl10-5-5铜合金耐磨层的制备,操作方便、绿色环保、成本低。
上面所述的实施例仅是对本发明优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明涉及思想的前提下,本领域中普通工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进均应属于本发明的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种高强度不锈钢铜合金双金属复合方法,其特征在于,包括:
将铜合金棒放入不锈钢基体的盲孔中,并盖上端盖,得到装配体;
将所述装配体放入真空炉内抽真空并加热至预热温度并保温第一预设时长;
向真空炉内充入氩气并加热至双金属复合温度并保温第二预设时长;
随真空炉冷却至热处理温度并保温第三预设时长;
向真空炉内充入氩气开风扇快冷进行淬火。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述热处理温度为990~1020℃,第三预设时长为30~60min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述双金属复合温度为1080~1120℃,第二预设时长为15~30min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述不锈钢材料为0Cr16Ni6双相不锈钢,铜合金材料为铝青铜QAl10-5-5。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述不锈钢基体盲孔装配前进行电镀镍2~12μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述铜合金棒与不锈钢盲孔在装配时保证间隙0.3~1.5mm,铜合金棒长度小于盲孔深度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述端盖为钢质材料,其依靠重力盖于装配铜合金盲孔的上部,减少工艺过程中的铜合金挥发。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预热温度为840℃~865℃,第一预设时长为50~70min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,将真空炉加热至双金属复合温度之前,充入氩气至真空炉内压强500~700Pa。
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