CN114923111B - Vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114923111B
CN114923111B CN202210673240.2A CN202210673240A CN114923111B CN 114923111 B CN114923111 B CN 114923111B CN 202210673240 A CN202210673240 A CN 202210673240A CN 114923111 B CN114923111 B CN 114923111B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
head protection
seal head
aramid fiber
annular seal
protection pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210673240.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114923111A (en
Inventor
金碧辉
成志钢
何春辉
孙磊
陈晓阳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Guofu Hydrogen Energy Technology Equipment Co Ltd
Zhangjiagang Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Guofu Hydrogen Energy Technology Equipment Co Ltd
Zhangjiagang Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd
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Application filed by Jiangsu Guofu Hydrogen Energy Technology Equipment Co Ltd, Zhangjiagang Hydrogen Cloud New Energy Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Guofu Hydrogen Energy Technology Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210673240.2A priority Critical patent/CN114923111B/en
Publication of CN114923111A publication Critical patent/CN114923111A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114923111B publication Critical patent/CN114923111B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7158—Bottles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0673—Polymers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0196—Details of mounting arrangements with shock absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/219—Working processes for non metal materials, e.g. extruding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/238—Filling of insulants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising the following steps: the plastic inner container is provided with metal bottle mouths respectively embedded in two ends, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped on the outer side of the plastic inner container, a carbon fiber reinforced layer is formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified, aramid fiber composite materials are wrapped on the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer, an aramid fiber reinforced layer is formed after the aramid fiber composite materials are solidified, and annular seal head protection pads are respectively attached to two ends of the plastic inner container wrapped with the aramid fiber reinforced layer. According to the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder, the aramid fiber reinforced layer is further coated on the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer, so that the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder has excellent external impact resistance and fire resistance; in addition, as the annular seal head protection pads are respectively stuck to the two ends of the plastic liner, the external impact resistance of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder is further improved, and the safety of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder is greatly improved.

Description

Vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pressure vessels, in particular to a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle adopts a plastic liner, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped and coated on the outer side of the plastic liner, the carbon fiber composite materials are formed by coating carbon fiber tows which are arranged into strips with thermosetting resin, a carbon fiber reinforcing layer is formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified, the IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle has the characteristics of high hydrogen storage pressure, high reliability requirement and high safety risk, the plastic liner is limited by the strength of the plastic liner, a bottle mouth of the bottle still needs to be provided with a metal bottle mouth, the plastic liner on the IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle cannot bear very large pressure, so that the fiber tows need to be wound on the plastic liner to enable the plastic liner to bear larger pressure, the fiber tows are wound on the barrel section of the IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle in a spiral winding and annular winding mode, but the fiber tows can only be wound on the end socket of the hydrogen storage bottle in a spiral winding mode, and the thickness of the fiber reinforcing layer between the end socket and the end part close to the barrel section is thinner than any other parts, and the safety of the IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle can be reduced when the IV-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is subjected to external impact, unfavorable conditions such as fire.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder with high safety and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cartridge comprising: the plastic inner container is embedded with a metal bottleneck respectively on the both ends of plastic inner container, and the outside winding cladding at plastic inner container has carbon fiber composite, forms carbon fiber enhancement layer after the solidification of carbon fiber composite, its characterized in that: the outside winding cladding at carbon fiber reinforcement has aramid fiber composite material, and aramid fiber composite material forms aramid fiber reinforcement after the solidification of aramid fiber composite material, and aramid fiber composite material is by the aramid fiber silk bundle coating thermosetting resin that arranges into banded, pastes respectively on the plastic inner bag both ends after cladding with aramid fiber reinforcement and is equipped with the annular head protection pad with the coaxial arrangement of plastic inner bag, and the maximum diameter of annular head protection pad is not greater than aramid fiber reinforcement section of thick bamboo external diameter.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the annular seal head protection pad is located the outside of the thinnest department of enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag, and the inner circle lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad is laminated mutually with the outline face of aramid fiber enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag, and the outside arc of outer lane lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad is protruding makes it have elasticity, is provided with buffer structure between the inside and outside lane lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad for annular seal head protection pad can play the effect of buffering external impact. Or, be provided with first annular buffer portion and second annular buffer portion on annular head protection pad, the inner circle lateral wall of annular head protection pad is laminated with the outline face of aramid fiber enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag mutually, first annular buffer portion encircles in the outside of second annular buffer portion, the outside of the thinnest department of enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag is located to first annular buffer portion, the outside arc arch of outer lane lateral wall of annular head protection pad on the first annular buffer portion makes it have elasticity, be provided with buffer structure between the inside and outside lane lateral wall of annular head protection pad on the first annular buffer portion, make first annular buffer portion can play the effect of buffering external impact, the outside of plastics inner bag and metal bottleneck junction is located to second annular buffer portion, the outside arc arch of outer lane lateral wall of annular head protection pad on the second annular buffer portion makes it have elasticity, also be provided with buffer structure between the inside and the outer lane lateral wall of annular head protection pad on the second annular buffer portion, make second annular buffer portion also can play the effect of buffering external impact.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the buffer structure is a honeycomb structure or a lattice structure.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the thickness of the aramid fiber composite material is 2+/-1 mm.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the volume ratio of the aramid fiber in the aramid fiber reinforced layer is 60% +/-10%.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad are side walls without holes.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: an expanded graphite layer with a heat insulation effect is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on one end of the plastic liner where the metal bottle mouth for installing the plug is located.
Further, the foregoing vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank, wherein: the annular seal head protection pad is integrally formed by using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material through Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing, wherein the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 33 to 37 percent of polyamide, 58 to 62 percent of high impact polystyrene resin HIPS and 3 to 7 percent of styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride (SAM) terpolymer, and the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding.
A manufacturing method of a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage bottle is characterized in that: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a plastic inner container with metal bottle openings at two ends, winding and coating a carbon fiber composite material on the outer side of the manufactured plastic inner container, and curing the carbon fiber composite material to form a carbon fiber reinforced layer;
(2) Wrapping the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer with an aramid fiber composite material, and forming an aramid fiber reinforced layer after the aramid fiber composite material is solidified;
(3) Scanning the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer outside the plastic inner container by adopting a handheld laser scanner, so as to obtain point cloud data of the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer; when scanning, the precision of the scanner needs to reach +/-0.01 mm, and the scanning distance is controlled to be 20 +/-5 cm;
(4) The point cloud data obtained by scanning are used for designing an annular seal head protection pad, so that the inner ring side wall of the manufactured annular seal head protection pad can be attached to the outer contour surface of an aramid fiber reinforced layer on a plastic liner, the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pad is not larger than the outer diameter of a barrel section of the aramid fiber reinforced layer, and a designed annular seal head protection pad model is processed into an STL format;
(5) Inputting the STL format into a 3D printer, and then using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material, and performing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing to obtain an integrally formed annular seal head protection pad; the mass ratio of each component in the thermoplastic polymer powder is as follows: 33 to 37 percent of polyamide, 58 to 62 percent of high impact polystyrene resin HIPS and 3 to 7 percent of styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride (SAM) terpolymer, and the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding. The invention has the advantages that: the outside of the carbon fiber reinforced layer is also coated with the aramid fiber reinforced layer, so that the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder has excellent external impact resistance and fire resistance; in addition, as the annular seal head protection pads are respectively stuck to the two ends of the plastic liner, the external impact resistance of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder is further improved, and the safety of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another structure of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a honeycomb structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a lattice structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank includes: the plastic liner 1 is provided with a metal bottle mouth 2 respectively embedded at two ends of the plastic liner 1, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped and coated on the outer side of the plastic liner 1, a carbon fiber reinforced layer 3 is formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified, aramid fiber reinforced layers 4 are formed after the carbon fiber reinforced layers 3 are wrapped and coated, the aramid fiber reinforced layers are formed by coating thermosetting resin on aramid fiber tows which are arranged into a strip shape, annular seal head protection pads 5 which are coaxially arranged with the plastic liner 1 are respectively attached to two ends of the plastic liner 1 after the aramid fiber reinforced layers 4 are coated, and the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pads 5 is not larger than the outer diameter of a section of the aramid fiber reinforced layers 4.
The tensile strength of the aramid fiber is about 1.5 times that of the glass fiber, the density is lower than that of the carbon fiber, the tensile modulus is inferior to that of the carbon fiber, the breaking elongation is higher, and the aramid fiber is not as brittle as the carbon fiber and the glass fiber. The heat dissipation and heat insulation performance are good, and under the same weight, the aramid fiber has better heat insulation performance than the glass fiber and the asbestos fabric; has excellent thermal stability and degradation at more than 500 ℃; the anti-flaming performance is good, no post-flaming is generated, the combustion is not assisted, the carbonization is performed at 427 ℃, the dimensional stability is good, and the thermal shrinkage is very low, so that the aramid fiber reinforced layer can enable the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder to have excellent external impact resistance and flame resistance.
In this embodiment, the annular seal head protection pad 5 is located on the outer side of the thinnest part A of the reinforcing layer on the plastic liner 1, the inner ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 is attached to the outer contour surface of the aramid fiber reinforcing layer 4 on the plastic liner 1, the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 is outwards protruded in an arc shape to enable the annular seal head protection pad to have elasticity, and a buffer structure 51 is arranged between the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5, so that the annular seal head protection pad 5 can play a role in buffering external impact. The design is designed to better protect the thinnest part of the reinforcing layer and prevent the high-pressure gas storage bottle from failure fracture at the thin wall part.
As shown in fig. 3, the buffer structure 51 is a honeycomb structure, and the buffer effect of the honeycomb structure is better than that of the conventional EPS foam material, so that the impact resistance can be greatly improved, the impact force of the high-pressure gas storage bottle sealing head when encountering collision can be buffered, and the high-pressure gas storage bottle sealing head can be better protected. The thickness of the aramid fiber composite material is 2+/-1 mm. The volume ratio of the aramid fiber in the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 is 60+/-10%, and the volume ratio of the aramid fiber is such that the cured aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 has excellent impact resistance and thermal stability. The inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 are side walls without holes, so that the annular seal head protection pad 5 is more attractive and has better shock resistance after being arranged. The expanded graphite layer with heat insulation effect is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on one end of the plastic liner 1 where the metal bottle mouth 2 for installing the plug is located, when the annular seal head protection pad 5 is exposed to high temperature, the expanded graphite can form foam and expand rapidly, so that the effect of blocking a fire source is achieved on the thin-wall part, and the expanded graphite is not arranged on one end of the plastic liner 1 where the metal bottle mouth 2 for connecting the valve is located, because the use of the valve can be affected after the expanded graphite expands.
The manufacturing method of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage cylinder comprises the following steps of:
(1) The plastic liner 1 with metal bottle openings at two ends is manufactured, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped and coated on the outer side of the manufactured plastic liner 1, and carbon fiber reinforced layers 3 are formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified;
(2) Wrapping an aramid fiber composite material around the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer 3, and forming an aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 after the aramid fiber composite material is solidified;
(3) Scanning the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 at the outer side of the plastic liner 1 by adopting a handheld laser scanner, so as to obtain point cloud data of the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4; when scanning, the precision of the scanner needs to reach +/-0.01 mm, and the scanning distance is controlled to be 20 +/-5 cm;
(4) The point cloud data obtained by scanning are used for designing the annular seal head protection pad 5, so that the inner ring side wall of the manufactured annular seal head protection pad 5 can be attached to the outer contour surface of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 on the plastic liner 1, thereby reducing pores, improving the safety of seal head parts, enabling the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pad 5 to be not larger than the outer diameter of the barrel section of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4, and processing a designed annular seal head protection pad 5 model into an STL format;
(5) Inputting an STL format into a 3D printer, then using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material, and performing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing to obtain an integrally formed annular seal head protection pad 5, wherein the 3D printing is free from support, the material utilization rate is high, and the price is relatively low; the mass ratio of each component in the thermoplastic polymer powder is as follows: the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps of: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding.
The thermoplastic polymer powder in this example can eliminate the disadvantages of high porosity, low mechanical properties, etc. that occur when using a single material in Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printed parts, thereby enabling the manufacture of sintered parts with good mechanical and surface properties and producing less warpage. The thermoplastic polymer powder can also shorten the sintering time and the cooling time after sintering, thereby saving energy and time; after 3D printing, the unsintered thermoplastic polymer powder may also be reused.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas tank includes: the plastic liner 1 is provided with a metal bottle mouth 2 respectively embedded at two ends of the plastic liner 1, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped and coated on the outer side of the plastic liner 1, a carbon fiber reinforced layer 3 is formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified, aramid fiber reinforced layers 4 are formed after the carbon fiber reinforced layers 3 are wrapped and coated, the aramid fiber reinforced layers are formed by coating thermosetting resin on aramid fiber tows which are arranged into a strip shape, annular seal head protection pads 5 which are coaxially arranged with the plastic liner 1 are respectively attached to two ends of the plastic liner 1 after the aramid fiber reinforced layers 4 are coated, and the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pads 5 is not larger than the outer diameter of a section of the aramid fiber reinforced layers 4.
The tensile strength of the aramid fiber is about 1.5 times that of the glass fiber, the density is lower than that of the carbon fiber, the tensile modulus is inferior to that of the carbon fiber, the breaking elongation is higher, and the aramid fiber is not as brittle as the carbon fiber and the glass fiber. The heat dissipation and heat insulation performance are good, and under the same weight, the aramid fiber has better heat insulation performance than the glass fiber and the asbestos fabric; has excellent thermal stability and degradation at more than 500 ℃; the anti-flaming performance is good, no post-flaming is generated, the combustion is not assisted, the carbonization is performed at 427 ℃, the dimensional stability is good, and the thermal shrinkage is very low, so that the aramid fiber reinforced layer can enable the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder to have excellent external impact resistance and flame resistance.
In this embodiment, a first annular buffer portion 51 and a second annular buffer portion 52 are disposed on the annular seal head protection pad 5, an inner ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 is attached to an outer contour surface of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 on the plastic liner 1, the first annular buffer portion 51 surrounds an outer side of the second annular buffer portion 52, the first annular buffer portion 51 is located at an outer side of a thinnest portion A of the reinforced layer on the plastic liner 1, an outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on the first annular buffer portion 51 is outwards arc-shaped to enable the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on the first annular buffer portion 51 to have elasticity, and a buffer structure 53 is disposed between inner ring side wall and outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on the first annular buffer portion 51 to enable the first annular buffer portion 51 to play a role in buffering external impact, so that the thinnest portion A of the reinforced layer is better protected, and failure and fracture of the high-pressure gas storage bottle at a thin wall portion is prevented; the second annular buffer part 52 is positioned at the outer side of the joint B of the plastic liner 1 and the metal bottle mouth 2, the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on the second annular buffer part 52 is outwards protruded in an arc shape to enable the outer ring side wall to be elastic, and a buffer structure 53 is also arranged between the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on the second annular buffer part 52, so that the second annular buffer part 52 can also play a role in buffering external impact; the design is to better protect the joint B and prevent the high-pressure gas cylinder from losing efficacy and leaking at the joint B when external impact is applied.
As shown in fig. 4, the buffer structure 53 is a lattice structure, and the buffer effect of the lattice structure is better than that of the conventional EPS foam material, so that the impact resistance can be greatly improved, and the impact force of the high-pressure gas storage bottle sealing part during collision can be buffered, so that the high-pressure gas storage bottle sealing part can be better protected. The thickness of the aramid fiber composite material is 2+/-1 mm. The volume ratio of the aramid fiber in the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 is 60+/-10%, and the volume ratio of the aramid fiber is such that the cured aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 has excellent impact resistance and thermal stability. The inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 are side walls without holes, so that the annular seal head protection pad 5 is more attractive and has better shock resistance after being arranged. The expanded graphite layer 54 with heat insulation function is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad 5 on one end of the plastic liner 1 where the metal bottle mouth 2 for installing the plug is located, when the annular seal head protection pad 5 is exposed to high temperature, the expanded graphite can form foam and expand rapidly, so that the effect of blocking a fire source is achieved on the thin wall part, and the expanded graphite is not arranged on one end of the plastic liner 1 where the metal bottle mouth 2 for connecting the valve is located, because the use of the valve can be affected after the expanded graphite expands.
The manufacturing method of the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage cylinder comprises the following steps of:
(1) The plastic liner 1 with metal bottle openings at two ends is manufactured, carbon fiber composite materials are wrapped and coated on the outer side of the manufactured plastic liner 1, and carbon fiber reinforced layers 3 are formed after the carbon fiber composite materials are solidified;
(2) Wrapping an aramid fiber composite material around the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer 3, and forming an aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 after the aramid fiber composite material is solidified;
(3) Scanning the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 at the outer side of the plastic liner 1 by adopting a handheld laser scanner, so as to obtain point cloud data of the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4; when scanning, the precision of the scanner needs to reach +/-0.01 mm, and the scanning distance is controlled to be 20 +/-5 cm;
(4) The point cloud data obtained by scanning are used for designing the annular seal head protection pad 5, so that the inner ring side wall of the manufactured annular seal head protection pad 5 can be attached to the outer contour surface of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4 on the plastic liner 1, thereby reducing pores, improving the safety of seal head parts, enabling the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pad 5 to be not larger than the outer diameter of the barrel section of the aramid fiber reinforced layer 4, and processing a designed annular seal head protection pad 5 model into an STL format;
(5) Inputting an STL format into a 3D printer, then using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material, and performing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing to obtain an integrally formed annular seal head protection pad 5, wherein the 3D printing is free from support, the material utilization rate is high, and the price is relatively low; the mass ratio of each component in the thermoplastic polymer powder is as follows: 33% of polyamide, 62% of high impact polystyrene resin HIPS and 5% of styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride (SAM) terpolymer, and the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding.
The thermoplastic polymer powder in this example can eliminate the disadvantages of high porosity, low mechanical properties, etc. that occur when using a single material in Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printed parts, thereby enabling the manufacture of sintered parts with good mechanical and surface properties and producing less warpage. The thermoplastic polymer powder can also shorten the sintering time and the cooling time after sintering, thereby saving energy and time; after 3D printing, the unsintered thermoplastic polymer powder may also be reused.

Claims (9)

1. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cartridge comprising: the plastic inner container is embedded with a metal bottleneck respectively on the both ends of plastic inner container, and the outside winding cladding at plastic inner container has carbon fiber composite, forms carbon fiber enhancement layer after the solidification of carbon fiber composite, its characterized in that: the outside of the carbon fiber reinforced layer is wound and coated with an aramid fiber composite material, the aramid fiber reinforced layer is formed after the aramid fiber composite material is solidified, the aramid fiber composite material is formed by coating thermosetting resin on aramid fiber tows which are arranged into a strip shape, annular seal head protection pads which are coaxially arranged with the plastic liner are respectively stuck to the two ends of the plastic liner coated with the aramid fiber reinforced layer, and the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pads is not larger than the outer diameter of a barrel section of the aramid fiber reinforced layer; the annular seal head protection pad is provided with a first annular buffer part and a second annular buffer part, the inner ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad is attached to the outer contour surface of the aramid fiber reinforced layer on the plastic inner container, the first annular buffer part surrounds the outer side of the second annular buffer part, the first annular buffer part is positioned on the outer side of the thinnest part of the reinforced layer on the plastic inner container, the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on the first annular buffer part is outwards arched to enable the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad to be elastic, a buffer structure is arranged between the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on the first annular buffer part, so that the first annular buffer part can play a role in buffering external impact, the second annular buffer part is outwards arched to enable the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on the second annular buffer part to be elastic, and the buffer structure is also arranged between the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on the second annular buffer part.
2. The vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1, wherein: the annular seal head protection pad is located the outside of the thinnest department of enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag, and the inner circle lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad is laminated mutually with the outline face of aramid fiber enhancement layer on the plastics inner bag, and the outside arc of outer lane lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad is protruding makes it have elasticity, is provided with buffer structure between the inside and outside lane lateral wall of annular seal head protection pad for annular seal head protection pad can play the effect of buffering external impact.
3. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the buffer structure is a honeycomb structure or a lattice structure.
4. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the thickness of the aramid fiber composite material is 2+/-1 mm.
5. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the volume ratio of the aramid fiber in the aramid fiber reinforced layer is 60% +/-10%.
6. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas storage bottle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the inner ring side wall and the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad are side walls without holes.
7. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: an expanded graphite layer with a heat insulation effect is arranged on the outer surface of the outer ring side wall of the annular seal head protection pad on one end of the plastic liner where the metal bottle mouth for installing the plug is located.
8. A vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the annular seal head protection pad is integrally formed by using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material through Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing, wherein the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 33 to 37 percent of polyamide, 58 to 62 percent of high impact polystyrene resin HIPS and 3 to 7 percent of styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride (SAM) terpolymer, and the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding.
9. A method of manufacturing a vehicle-mounted high pressure gas cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a plastic inner container with metal bottle openings at two ends, winding and coating a carbon fiber composite material on the outer side of the manufactured plastic inner container, and curing the carbon fiber composite material to form a carbon fiber reinforced layer;
(2) Wrapping the outer side of the carbon fiber reinforced layer with an aramid fiber composite material, and forming an aramid fiber reinforced layer after the aramid fiber composite material is solidified;
(3) Scanning the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer outside the plastic inner container by adopting a handheld laser scanner, so as to obtain point cloud data of the outer contour of the aramid fiber reinforced layer; when scanning, the precision of the scanner needs to reach +/-0.01 mm, and the scanning distance is controlled to be 20 +/-5 cm;
(4) The point cloud data obtained by scanning are used for designing an annular seal head protection pad, so that the inner ring side wall of the manufactured annular seal head protection pad can be attached to the outer contour surface of an aramid fiber reinforced layer on a plastic liner, the maximum diameter of the annular seal head protection pad is not larger than the outer diameter of a barrel section of the aramid fiber reinforced layer, and a designed annular seal head protection pad model is processed into an STL format;
(5) Inputting the STL format into a 3D printer, and then using thermoplastic polymer powder as a material, and performing Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D printing to obtain an integrally formed annular seal head protection pad; the mass ratio of each component in the thermoplastic polymer powder is as follows: 33 to 37 percent of polyamide, 58 to 62 percent of high impact polystyrene resin HIPS and 3 to 7 percent of styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride (SAM) terpolymer, and the preparation method of the thermoplastic polymer powder comprises the following steps: the three materials are added into an extruder for melt mixing, and then the mixture is extruded and cooled by the extruder to obtain a copolymerization mixture mixed with the three materials, the copolymerization mixture is mechanically crushed and ground to obtain thermoplastic polymer powder, and during grinding, the ground powder is thermally softened, so that finer powder cannot be obtained, so that the powder is cooled by dry ice, liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen during grinding, so that the powder has enough brittleness, and the thermoplastic polymer powder with the D50 intermediate particle diameter of 5-150 microns is obtained by grinding.
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