CN216431231U

CN216431231U - Explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder

Info

Publication number: CN216431231U
Application number: CN202121963040.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄其忠; 仙宝君; 胡照会; 王丹; 彭玉刚
Original assignee: Beijing Xianjin Composite Product Design Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Xianjin Composite Product Design Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-20
Filing date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2022-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to an explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder, comprising: the inner container is used for hermetically storing gas; the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the inner container; the protective layer comprises a fiber reinforced layer and an explosion-proof fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the fiber reinforced layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the inner container from inside to outside, so that the explosion and fatigue performances are improved; the carbon fiber reinforced layer is arranged on the outer side close to the inner container, the traditional protection mode mainly comprising the carbon fiber reinforced layer, the basalt fiber layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer is replaced by the carbon fiber reinforced layer, the cost of the whole gas cylinder is reduced, the safety of the whole gas cylinder is further improved, the transportation and the use of gases such as hydrogen, natural gas and the like are guaranteed, and the explosion-proof and anti-combustion performance of the gas cylinder is improved.

Description

Explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of pressure containers, in particular to an explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder.

Background

With the release of white paper in the new era of Chinese energy development and the confirmation of carbon neutralization targets, new energy projects will become the direction of strong support and focus of the country. Among them, clean energy sources such as hydrogen, natural gas, and oxygen are the most potential new energy sources. In order to be able to effectively utilize the above-mentioned gas energy, a high-pressure gas cylinder plays an important role as a main carrier for its transportation, storage and use.

For example, fuel cell stacks and high-pressure gas supply systems are two major key technologies for hydrogen energy among the most potential new energy sources. The development of hydrogen energy automobiles drives the development of the whole industrial chain, wherein a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is included, and the grade of the pressure cylinder reaches two grades of 35MPa and 70 MPa. In addition to the demand for hydrogen energy automobile gas cylinders, the country has advanced the natural gas pressure upgrade project in 2016, i.e., the demand for 35MPa vessels. Type iii gas cylinders are currently the most straightforward solution. However, the price of the product cannot be determined by the carbon fiber and aluminum alloy lining structure like the price of an I-type bottle or a II-type bottle, and the problem of the cost of the gas cylinder is a problem to be solved urgently. The possibility of explosion combustion of the hydrogen storage cylinder is increased, and the safety and the applicability of the cylinder can be improved by adding the explosion-proof structure.

Therefore, the high-pressure gas cylinders used at present have great problems in terms of cost and safety. On one hand, in order to reach a certain standard, the cost of the gas cylinder is greatly increased, so that the wide application of the gas cylinder is inhibited; on the other hand, the existing gas cylinder has the defects of pressure resistance, explosion resistance and combustion resistance.

In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a low-cost high-pressure gas cylinder with an explosion-proof function, which effectively solves the problems of high cost and poor safety of the conventional gas cylinder.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Some embodiments of the utility model provide an explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder, which is used for solving the problems of high production and manufacturing cost and poor explosion-proof and combustion-resistant performance in the using process of the existing gas cylinder.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide an explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder comprising:

the inner container is used for hermetically storing gas;

the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the inner container;

the protective layer comprises a fiber reinforced layer and an explosion-proof fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.

In some embodiments, the fiber reinforced layer comprises a carbon fiber reinforced layer and a basalt fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the carbon fiber reinforced layer is arranged between the liner and the basalt fiber layer and clings to the outer surface of the liner.

In some embodiments, the inner container comprises a cylinder body and a sealing head, and the cylinder body and the sealing head are connected seamlessly.

In some embodiments, the carbon fiber reinforcement is disposed at a localized location of the inner bladder; the local position comprises a connecting area of the end socket and the cylinder body, and a gradually-changed thickening area is arranged on the inner side of the inner container corresponding to the connecting area;

arranging the carbon fiber reinforced layer in the connecting area, wherein the carbon fiber reinforced layer is formed on the outer surface of the inner container through a hoop winding process;

in a non-connection area, the basalt fiber layer is tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner container by adopting a longitudinal winding process.

In some embodiments, the inner container is a metal inner container or a plastic inner container, and the metal inner container is an aluminum alloy inner container, a titanium alloy inner container or a steel inner container;

the plastic inner container is a polyurethane inner container, a high-density polyethylene inner container or a polyamide inner container.

In some embodiments, after the basalt fiber layer is soaked in resin by basalt fibers, the basalt fiber layer is formed on the outer surface of the liner and/or the carbon fiber reinforced layer through a hoop wet winding process and/or a longitudinal wet winding process with more than 3 winding angles, the strength of the basalt fibers is greater than 3800MPa, and the modulus is greater than 80 GPa.

In some embodiments, the explosion-proof fiber layer is composed of one or more of nylon fibers, kevlar fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the explosion-proof fiber layer is formed on the outer surface of the basalt fiber layer by adopting a winding process, a laying process or a pouring process.

In some embodiments, the rupture elongation of the fibers used in the explosion-proof fiber layer is not less than 3%, and/or the fiber volume content of the explosion-proof fiber layer is not less than 65%.

In some embodiments, the inner container is a metal inner container, the thickness of a cylinder body of the metal inner container is 2-5mm, and the thickness of a seal head of the metal inner container is 5-10 mm;

or the inner container is a plastic inner container, and the thickness of the cylinder body and the seal head of the plastic inner container are both 5-30 mm.

In some embodiments, the end socket is an ellipsoidal end socket, the ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the ellipsoidal end socket is not less than 3, and the wall thickness of the ellipsoidal end socket gradually increases from a connecting position far away from the end socket and the barrel body to the connecting position.

Based on the technical scheme, the utility model at least has the following beneficial effects:

the basalt fiber layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer are sequentially arranged outside the inner container from inside to outside, so that the explosion and fatigue performances are improved; the carbon fiber reinforced layer is arranged on the outer side close to the inner container, the traditional protection mode mainly comprising the carbon fiber reinforced layer, the basalt fiber layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer is replaced by the carbon fiber reinforced layer, the cost of the whole gas cylinder is reduced, the safety of the whole gas cylinder is further improved, the transportation and the use of gases such as hydrogen, natural gas and the like are guaranteed, and the explosion-proof and anti-combustion performance of the gas cylinder is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an explosion-proof pressure cylinder provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention;

3 FIG. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 schematic 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 line 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 3 1 3; 3

3 fig. 3 3 3 is 3 a 3 partially 3 enlarged 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 a 3 position 3 p 3 of 3 the 3 section 3 a 3- 3 a 3 in 3 fig. 3 2 3. 3

The reference numbers in the drawings illustrate the following:

1-bottle body;

2-bottle mouth;

3-inner container; 3.1-barrel body; 3.2-end enclosure;

4-a protective layer; 4.1-carbon fiber reinforcement layer; 4.2-basalt fiber layer; 4.3-explosion-proof fiber layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a pressure gas cylinder in a pressure vessel for storing gas for transportation and use generally includes a cylinder body 1 and a nozzle 2, the cylinder body 1 is used for storing gas, and the nozzle 2 is used for the input and output of gas.

Some embodiments of the utility model provide an explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder, which is used for reducing the cost of the existing gas cylinder and improving the explosion-proof and combustion-resistant capabilities of the gas cylinder.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder comprises:

the inner container 3 is used for hermetically storing gas; any gas such as hydrogen, natural gas, oxygen, etc. that we commonly use is suitable;

the protective layer 4 is arranged on the surface of the inner container 3; the protective layer 4 wraps the inner container 3, and plays a role in protecting and supporting the inner container 3, so that the whole gas cylinder can obtain higher strength;

the protective layer 4 comprises a fiber reinforced layer and an explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. The fiber reinforced layer mainly plays a role in blasting and fatigue resistance, and the anti-explosion fiber layer 4.3 on the outer side provides an anti-explosion function, so that the safety of the container is improved, and the container is more suitable for low-ignition-point gases such as hydrogen, natural gas and the like. It should be noted that the liner 3, the fiber reinforced layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.2 in these embodiments may be disposed closely to each other, or other protective layers may be disposed between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer for protection, and the specific layer and form are not limited in this embodiment.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in order to further improve the strength of the gas cylinder, the fiber reinforced layer includes a carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 and a basalt fiber layer 4.2, and the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 is disposed between the inner container 3 and the basalt fiber layer 4.2, and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner container 3.

The carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 can be arranged on the outer side of the inner container 3 completely or not, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 is arranged at a position needing important reinforcement during incomplete coverage, namely the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 is arranged at a local position of the inner container 3, and the strength of the gas cylinder can be further enhanced by arranging the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1.

But actually, the basalt fiber layer 4.2 can be directly arranged on the surface of the inner container 3 without arranging the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1, so that the basalt fiber layer is tightly attached to the surface of the inner container 3, and the gas cylinder finally formed by adopting the method can also meet certain strength requirements.

It should be noted that for better effect, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 should be avoided from being designed outside the basalt fiber layer 4.2, because the performance of the basalt fiber layer is reduced, and the overall performance of the gas cylinder is affected finally.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner container 3 is a metal inner container or a plastic inner container, that is, it can be made of metal material or plastic through a certain process. The liner 3 comprises a cylinder body 3.1 and a seal head 3.2, wherein the cylinder body 3.1 and the seal head 3.2 are provided with connecting areas, such as transition areas of the cylinder body 3.1 and the seal head 3.2, which are generally connected seamlessly through a processing technology and possibly are also the connecting areas formed integrally by the plastic liner. This region belongs to the area that needs reinforcement and is also a region that is susceptible to damage, such as a circular arc transition closure or seal stage region. However, the specific arrangement position is not limited in this embodiment, which is related to the shape of the finally formed gas cylinder, and the arrangement position can be set by those skilled in the art according to the needs.

In order to further strengthen the gas cylinder, reduce the gas cylinder cost, and strengthen the strength, the fatigue resistance and the like of local positions, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 can be arranged on the connection areas in a targeted reinforcing mode, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner container 3, and the basalt fiber layer 4.2 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the inner container 3 in the non-connection areas. Namely, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 is provided only in the connection region (i.e., the local position) processed at the later stage, the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1, the basalt fiber layer 4.2 and the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 are sequentially provided in this order, and the basalt fiber layer 4.2 and the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 are only sequentially provided in this order without providing the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 in the other regions.

Meanwhile, in order to enhance the strength and other properties of the connection region, a gradually-changing thickened region may be provided on the inner side of the inner container 3 corresponding to the connection region to improve the connection reliability between the end socket and the cylinder body. The thickened area can be a reliability strengthening structure part which is separately arranged on the inner side of the inner container 3, or the thickness of the cylinder body 3.1 or the seal head 3.2 is increased, namely the cylinder body 3.1 or the seal head 3.2 has thicker thickness at the position to improve the strength and the fatigue resistance of the position, thereby improving the reliability of the connection area.

In some embodiments, the inner container 3 may be an aluminum alloy inner container, a titanium alloy inner container or a steel inner container, which can reduce the use cost under the condition of meeting the reliability requirement, and such inner container 3 may be made of metal material processed by one or more of the existing spinning, argon arc welding or friction stir welding. Wherein, the steel inner container has the characteristics of low cost and high strength, and the application of the steel inner container is beneficial to reducing the cost of the gas cylinder. The forming manufacturing process adopts one or more processes of the prior spinning, argon arc welding or friction stir welding, so that the inner container 3 has to meet certain sealing function and bearing function.

Meanwhile, a plastic liner, such as a polyurethane liner, a high-density polyethylene liner or a polyamide liner, can be selected according to requirements, and the plastic raw materials are processed and molded by one or more of the existing injection molding, rotational molding or blow molding processes. The forming process of the liner 3 is simple and mature, has special performances of corrosion resistance, high air tightness, light weight and the like, and can be selected according to the pertinence of a gas cylinder storage object.

In some embodiments the fibres of the basalt fibre layer 4.2 are basalt fibres, a material with a strength of more than 3800MPa and a modulus of more than 80GPa, wherein the modulus of the material is preferably more than 90GPa for a better effect.

In order to enable the gas cylinder to meet the strength requirement and the fatigue resistance requirement, the adopted forming process also has certain requirements, in some embodiments of the utility model, the existing wet winding process is adopted, epoxy resin is used as a resin system, the existing hoop winding process and longitudinal winding process are adopted during forming, and the basalt fiber layer 4.2 can also be formed by combining two winding modes, so that the explosion and fatigue standards of the gas cylinder meet the requirements.

The longitudinal winding process can be formed by combining various winding angles, for example, the winding angles can be 13 degrees, 20 degrees and 35 degrees, finally, the longitudinal fibers of the basalt fiber layer 4.2 form the appearance that the various angles are crossed with the 90-degree winding angle, and the reinforcing effect of the layer can be effectively improved due to the fact that the number of 90-degree layers is not less than 40% of the total number of layers. It should be noted that the basalt fiber layer 4.2 may be finally attached to the inner container 3, or may be attached to a local position of the inner container 3, and other positions are attached to the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1, depending on whether the carbon fiber reinforced layer 4.1 completely covers the inner container 3 or only covers the local position.

In some embodiments, the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 can be selected from fibers with an explosion-proof function, the utility model provides a preferable fiber selection, and the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 is composed of one or more of nylon fibers, Kevlar fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and one fiber can be used alone or multiple fibers can be used in a crossed manner. Wherein, the fiber with the fiber breaking elongation rate not less than 3 percent is preferably adopted to achieve the better explosion-proof effect of the explosion-proof fiber layer.

Meanwhile, in order to achieve the explosion-proof effect, some embodiments also have requirements on the forming process, namely, the existing winding process, laying process or pouring process is adopted to arrange the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 on the outer surface of the basalt fiber layer 4.2. Specifically, the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 can be directly formed on the outer surface of the basalt fiber layer 4.2, other auxiliary layers can be additionally formed on the surface of the auxiliary layers, and the winding and laying processes can be used singly or alternatively to form the final explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3. Wherein, in order to improve the explosion-proof performance, the fiber volume content of the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 is required to be not less than 65%.

The fiber reinforced layer and the explosion-proof fiber layer are both composite materials, on one hand, some additional materials are needed in the forming process, on the other hand, corresponding additional materials are added due to the fact that some other necessary performances need to be met, and finally the corresponding composite material layer can be formed together with the corresponding fiber materials, but in order to meet the corresponding function, the fiber raw materials meet certain fiber volume content, here, the explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3 is taken as an example, and the fiber volume content is the volume proportion of the contained explosion-proof fibers in the formed explosion-proof fiber layer 4.3.

The explosion-proof layer can provide an explosion-proof function and increase the safety of the container, and the high fracture elongation rate and the high fiber volume content of the fiber enable the layer to better dissipate energy when being impacted by explosion so as to achieve the explosion-proof effect, and the fiber is suitable for gas storage, transportation and use of low-ignition and explosion points such as hydrogen and the like.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the performance of the cylinder is also greatly related to the material and thickness of the inner container 3, and the utility model gives specific design requirements. For example, when the inner container 3 is a metal inner container, the thickness of a cylinder body 3.1 of the metal inner container is 2-5mm, and the thickness of a seal head 3.2 of the metal inner container is 5-10 mm; when the inner container 3 is a plastic inner container, the thickness of the cylinder body 3.1 and the seal head 3.2 of the plastic inner container is 5-30 mm.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a specific structural design of the end socket 3.2, in order to meet the requirement of reliability of the transition position of the end socket 3.2 and the cylinder 3.1, an ellipsoidal end socket is selected, the ratio of the long axis to the short axis of the ellipsoidal end socket is not less than 3, and meanwhile, the wall thickness of the ellipsoidal end socket is required to be gradually increased from the connecting position far away from the end socket 3.2 and the cylinder 3.1 to the connecting position in order to enhance the stability of the connecting region.

The position sequence of the fiber layers is very critical, the difference between the inside and the outside of the carbon fiber is very large, the deformation of the carbon fiber inside can be inhibited, and the service life is prolonged; the carbon fiber layer in the utility model must be arranged as a layer closest to the outer surface of the metal liner, thereby improving the comprehensive rigidity of the liner and inhibiting the deformation of the liner when bearing pressure.

Glass fiber is often selected to traditional pressure bottle, mainly plays the protective effect, for example falls with the low-speed striking to do not possess explosion-proof effect and glass fiber explosion-proof effect also is not good. The utility model can play a role in protection by selecting the explosion-proof fibers (such as aramid fibers and nylon) and also has certain explosion-proof capability.

The scheme provided by the utility model can select aviation materials in consideration of the cost problem, has the characteristic of low cost, and can adopt widely used 6061 aluminum alloy, large-scale mass production T300-grade and T700-grade carbon fibers and the like.

In the aspect of cost, the scheme provided by the utility model is low in cost and is reflected in the aspect of process. The inner container can be a metal inner container or a plastic inner container, wherein the forming processes of different materials are different, which means that the inner container forming comprises a low-cost scheme. For example, the inner container spinning process has high cost, a low-cost welding process can be adopted, and the scheme that the plastic inner container is adopted for the same inner container has lower cost. On the other hand, the outer winding layer reduces the using amount of high-price carbon fibers and increases the using amount of low-price basalt fibers, so that the designed gas cylinder can reach the performance index of preparing the gas cylinder by completely adopting the carbon fibers, and the comprehensive cost reduction is realized.

According to the scheme provided by the utility model, the liner structure provides different combinations, and the universality of the three-type gas cylinder and the four-type gas cylinder is realized. The manufacturing process of the gas cylinder liner is provided with a low-cost forming process;

a small amount of carbon fiber winding is adopted to replace the conventional fully-wound carbon fiber, so that the use amount of the carbon fiber is reduced;

basalt fibers are used as a main bearing material, so that the advantages of low price and high strength are exerted, and the comprehensive cost of the pressure gas cylinder is reduced;

preparing an explosion-proof layer with energy absorption characteristics on the outer side of the pressure gas cylinder by adopting special reinforced fibers so as to improve the safety of the gas cylinder;

through the mixed use of a plurality of materials, the performance advantages of different materials are fully exerted to realize the optimal price of the gas cylinder when the gas cylinder meets the safe use requirement, and the cost performance is improved.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used to define the components, and are used only for the convenience of distinguishing the components, and if not otherwise stated, the terms have no special meaning, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, the technical features of one embodiment may be combined with one or more other embodiments advantageously without explicit negatives.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the utility model or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder, comprising:

the inner container is used for hermetically storing gas;

the protective layer is arranged on the surface of the inner container;

the protective layer comprises a fiber reinforced layer and an explosion-proof fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;

the fiber reinforced layer comprises a carbon fiber reinforced layer and a basalt fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and the carbon fiber reinforced layer is arranged between the liner and the basalt fiber layer and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the liner.

2. The explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inner container comprises a cylinder body and a sealing head, and the cylinder body and the sealing head are connected seamlessly.

3. The explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as defined in claim 2, wherein said carbon fiber reinforced layer is provided at a local position of said inner container; the local position comprises a connecting area of the end socket and the cylinder body, and a gradually-changed thickening area is arranged on the inner side of the inner container corresponding to the connecting area;

4. The explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the inner container is a metal inner container or a plastic inner container;

the metal inner container is an aluminum alloy inner container, a titanium alloy inner container or a steel inner container;

5. The explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the basalt fiber layer is formed on the outer surface of the liner and/or the carbon fiber reinforced layer by a circumferential wet winding process and/or a longitudinal wet winding process with more than 3 winding angles after being impregnated with resin by basalt fiber, the strength of the basalt fiber is more than 3800MPa, and the modulus is more than 80 Gpa.

6. The explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the inner container is a metal inner container, the thickness of the cylinder body of the metal inner container is 2-5mm, and the thickness of the end socket of the metal inner container is 5-10 mm;

7. An explosion-proof pressure gas cylinder as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said head is an ellipsoidal head, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of said ellipsoidal head is not less than 3, and the wall thickness of said ellipsoidal head increases gradually from the connection position far from said head and cylinder body to said connection position.