CN114922827A - Method for monitoring centrifugal pump cavitation in real time - Google Patents
Method for monitoring centrifugal pump cavitation in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN114922827A CN114922827A CN202210369769.5A CN202210369769A CN114922827A CN 114922827 A CN114922827 A CN 114922827A CN 202210369769 A CN202210369769 A CN 202210369769A CN 114922827 A CN114922827 A CN 114922827A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
- F04D29/708—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning specially for liquid pumps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for monitoring cavitation of a centrifugal pump in real time, which comprises a pump inlet pressure sensor, a pump outlet pressure sensor, a pump body vibration sensor, a sound sensor, a pump driving machine power sensor, a signal collector for collecting the information and a cavitation monitoring processor, wherein the pump inlet pressure sensor, the pump outlet pressure sensor, the pump body vibration sensor, the sound sensor and the pump driving machine power sensor are arranged on the same side of a pump body; the cavitation detection processor carries out differential pressure calculation on a pump inlet pressure value and a pump outlet pressure value to obtain a real-time pump head value, range values of corresponding functions of all sensors are correspondingly prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and the cavitation detection processor compares the pump head value and all values collected by the signal collector with the prestored range values in real time; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value collected by the sound sensor reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, and at least two of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value fall into corresponding range values, the centrifugal pump generates cavitation, and when at least one of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value falls into the corresponding range value, the centrifugal pump slightly cavitates or is about to cavitate; on the contrary, the centrifugal pump has no cavitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to monitoring of a working state of a centrifugal pump, in particular to a method for monitoring cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time in order to prevent the centrifugal pump from being damaged due to cavitation.
Background
Centrifugal pumps are a common fluid delivery device in industry and are widely used. Especially in petrochemical equipment, because operating conditions are complicated, the working condition change is large, and equipment damage sometimes happens because of cavitation of the centrifugal pump, and even accidents such as toxic and harmful material leakage, fire explosion and the like occur.
The required cavitation allowance (NPSHr) of the centrifugal pump is determined by the hydraulic characteristics of the impeller of the centrifugal pump, the cavitation allowance (NPSHA) of the device is the characteristics of the device, the centrifugal pump can stably work in the state that NPSHA is larger than NPSHr, and the cavitation phenomenon occurs when the working condition changes to the state that NPSHr is larger than or equal to NPSHa. At present, personnel are usually adopted in the device for regular inspection, and the running state of the equipment is judged by manpower. Because the timing inspection has time intervals, whether the centrifugal pump is cavitation or not can not be found in time.
The centrifugal pump can be used for carrying out cavitation test on a test bed, but the cavitation is difficult to monitor in an actual working environment. Especially, the petrochemical device has the characteristics of large flow change, multiple working conditions and complex medium components, and the difficulty is high for realizing real-time monitoring of cavitation. Although some pump cavitation monitoring methods are disclosed in the prior art, most of the methods are only limited to measuring the cavitation allowance and the measurement characteristic curve of the pump on a pump test bed, the judgment and application conditions are limited, and real-time monitoring during the operation of the device cannot be realized; some pump cavitation monitoring methods, such as monitoring cavitation through pump outlet pressure fluctuation, can only find out serious cavitation, and can not adapt to variable working condition conditions, and the accuracy is not high, and can not find out early cavitation; the method is verified in a laboratory, needs an expensive collector and powerful data computing equipment, and has low cost ratio in practical industrial application. Therefore, a method for simply and effectively monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time is urgently needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a method for monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time for the field, so that the technical problems that the cavitation of the existing centrifugal pump is difficult to monitor in real time, the monitoring accuracy is low, the manufacturing cost is high, and early detection cannot be realized are solved. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for real-time monitoring centrifugal pump cavitation is characterized in that the method comprises a pump inlet pressure sensor, a pump outlet pressure sensor, a pump body vibration sensor, a sound sensor, a pump driver power sensor, a signal collector for collecting the sensor data, and a cavitation monitoring processor for processing information stored in a memory; the pump inlet pressure sensor monitors a pump inlet pressure value in real time, the pump outlet pressure sensor monitors a pump outlet pressure value in real time, the pump body vibration sensor monitors a pump body vibration value in real time, the sound sensor is installed on a pump shell and receives a sound frequency spectrum of fluid in the pump in real time, and the pump driver power sensor monitors a pump driver power value in real time; the cavitation detection processor carries out differential pressure calculation on a pump inlet pressure value and a pump outlet pressure value which are collected by the signal collector in real time to obtain a real-time pump head value, a pump inlet pressure range value, a pump outlet pressure range value, a pump head range value, a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, a pump body vibration range value and a pump driving machine power range value are correspondingly prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and the cavitation detection processor carries out real-time comparison on the pump head value and each value collected by the signal collector with the prestored corresponding range value; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the sound frequency spectrum collected by the sound sensor reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, and at least two of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value fall into corresponding range values, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is represented; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the collected sound frequency spectrum reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and at least one of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value falls into the corresponding range value, the fact that the centrifugal pump has slight cavitation or is about to have cavitation is indicated; on the contrary, the centrifugal pump does not exhibit cavitation.
According to the method, the pump inlet pressure value, the pump outlet pressure value, the pump body vibration value, the sound frequency spectrum and the pump driving machine power value are monitored in real time, filtered, calculated and processed by the cavitation monitoring processor, then compared with the range value in the internal cavitation state in real time, and then the cavitation state of the pump is accurately monitored by utilizing logic judgment according to the cavitation characteristics, so that the pump equipment damage and accidents caused by cavitation are avoided.
The method also comprises a memory for storing the signals collected by the signal collector in real time, namely the memory stores the pump inlet pressure value, the pump outlet pressure value, the pump head value, the sound frequency spectrum of the fluid in the pump, the pump body vibration value and the pump driver power value in real time, and the cavitation monitoring processor compares the real-time value in the memory with each range value pre-stored in the cavitation monitoring processor. By the method, real-time data are effectively stored, and problem investigation is facilitated.
The method further comprises a pre-filtering pressure sensor for monitoring a pre-filter pressure value of the pump inlet, a pre-filtering differential pressure range value is pre-stored in the cavitation monitoring processor, the cavitation monitoring processor carries out differential pressure calculation on the pre-filter pressure value monitored by the pre-filtering pressure sensor and the pump inlet pressure value monitored by the pump inlet pressure sensor, the obtained filtering differential pressure value is compared with the pre-filtering differential pressure range value in the cavitation monitoring processor, and when the centrifugal pump is cavitated and the filtering differential pressure value is larger than the filtering differential pressure range value, it is indicated that the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is caused by the blockage of the pump inlet filter. Namely: when the centrifugal pump does not generate cavitation and the filtering pressure difference value is larger than the filtering pressure difference range value, the filter at the inlet of the centrifugal pump is blocked, and the centrifugal pump is required to be cleaned to prevent cavitation; when the centrifugal pump generates cavitation and the filtering pressure difference value is smaller than the filtering pressure difference range value, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is indicated to be not caused by the blockage of the filter at the pump inlet, so that the cavitation caused by the cavitation is monitored and judged in real time.
In the method for monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time, the cavitation monitoring processor compares the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value of the sound frequency spectrum monitored by the sound sensor and the pump body vibration value monitored by the pump body vibration sensor in real time with a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and a pump body vibration range value prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and when the variation trends of the pump body vibration value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value are close to the extreme values of the pump body vibration range value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, the collected cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value and the pump body vibration value are regarded as falling into the corresponding cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and the corresponding pump body vibration range value in advance, namely, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is early warned in advance.
In the method for monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time, the cavitation monitoring processor is externally connected with a human-computer interaction interface and an alarm. The working state of each sensor and the pump cavitation monitoring state are checked and inquired in real time through a human-computer interaction interface, and an alarm is sent out in time in cooperation with an alarm, so that problems can be found and processed conveniently and timely.
The invention can reliably realize real-time monitoring of the cavitation of the centrifugal pump, has higher monitoring accuracy, effectively avoids missing detection and error detection, and is suitable for being used as a cavitation monitoring method of various pump equipment or improvement of the similar monitoring methods.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system components of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic control schematic of the present invention.
The sequence numbers and names in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a pump inlet pressure sensor, a pump outlet pressure sensor, a pump body vibration sensor, a sound sensor, a driver power sensor, a signal collector, a cavitation monitoring processor, a pump inlet pressure sensor, a pump outlet pressure sensor, a pump body vibration sensor, a sound sensor, a driver power sensor, a signal collector, a cavitation monitoring processor, a filtering pre-pressure sensor, a storage, a man-machine interaction interface, a filtering pre-pressure sensor, a storage, a man-machine interaction interface, a monitoring alarm and a control unit.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system for real-time monitoring of centrifugal pump cavitation includes a pump inlet pressure sensor 1 for real-time monitoring of a pump inlet pressure value, a pump outlet pressure sensor 2 for real-time monitoring of a pump outlet pressure value, a pump body vibration sensor 3 for real-time monitoring of a pump body vibration value, a sound sensor 4 installed in a pump casing for real-time collection of a sound spectrum of fluid in a pump, a pump driver power sensor 5 for real-time monitoring of a pump driver power value, a pre-filter pressure sensor 8 for real-time monitoring of a pump inlet filter pre-pressure value, a signal collector 6 for collecting data of the sensors, a memory 9 for real-time storage of signals collected by the signal collector, a cavitation monitoring processor 7 for processing information of the memory, and a human-machine interface 10 and an alarm 11 externally connected to the cavitation monitoring processor. The cavitation monitoring processor carries out differential pressure calculation on a pump inlet pressure value and a pump outlet pressure value collected by the signal collector in real time to obtain a real-time pump lift value, carries out differential pressure calculation on a pre-filtering pressure value and a pump inlet pressure value collected in real time to obtain a real-time filtering pressure difference value, and stores the pump lift value, the filtering pressure difference value, the pump inlet pressure value, the pump outlet pressure value, a pump body vibration value, a sound frequency spectrum and a pump driver power value collected by the signal collector into the memory in real time. The cavitation monitoring processor compares the values of the memory with a pump inlet pressure range value, a pump outlet pressure range value, a pump head range value, a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, a pump body vibration range value, a pump driving machine power range value and a filtering pressure difference range value which are correspondingly prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor in real time, and when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the collected sound frequency spectrum reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and at least two of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value fall into the corresponding range values, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is represented; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the collected sound frequency spectrum reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and at least one of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value falls into the corresponding range value, the centrifugal pump is indicated to have slight cavitation or be subjected to cavitation; on the contrary, the centrifugal pump has no cavitation. When the centrifugal pump generates cavitation and the filtering pressure difference value is larger than the filtering pressure difference range value, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is indicated to be caused by the blockage of the filter at the inlet of the pump.
In order to realize early warning of cavitation detection, the cavitation monitoring processor 7 compares the pump body vibration value and the characteristic frequency spectrum value of the sound frequency spectrum monitored by the pump body vibration sensor 3 and the sound sensor 4 in real time with a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and a pump body vibration range value prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and when the variation trends of the pump body vibration value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value are close to extreme values of the pump body vibration range value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, the collected cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value and the pump body vibration value are regarded as falling into the corresponding cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and the pump body vibration range value in advance, namely, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is early warned in advance. The method is a prejudging method in essence, namely, early slight cavitation is found in advance by utilizing the abnormal state of the waveform frequency spectrum change of the sound of the pump shell or the vibration of the pump body, so that early warning is realized before pump cavitation occurs, the working state of the centrifugal pump is monitored in real time, and the cavitation is avoided.
The above description is intended to illustrate the technical means of the present invention, and not to limit the technical scope of the present invention. Obvious substitutions or modifications of the invention in combination with the prior art knowledge will be made by those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for monitoring the cavitation of a centrifugal pump in real time is characterized by comprising a pump inlet pressure sensor (1), a pump outlet pressure sensor (2), a pump body vibration sensor (3), a sound sensor (4), a pump driver power sensor (5), a signal collector (6) for collecting the sensor data, and a cavitation monitoring processor (7) for processing the information stored in a memory (9); the pump inlet pressure sensor monitors a pump inlet pressure value in real time, the pump outlet pressure sensor monitors a pump outlet pressure value in real time, the pump body vibration sensor monitors a pump body vibration value in real time, the sound sensor is installed in the pump shell and receives a sound frequency spectrum of fluid in the pump in real time, and the pump driver power sensor monitors a pump driver power value in real time; the cavitation detection processor carries out differential pressure calculation on a pump inlet pressure value and a pump outlet pressure value which are collected by the signal collector in real time to obtain a real-time pump head value, a pump inlet pressure range value, a pump outlet pressure range value, a pump head range value, a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, a pump body vibration range value and a pump driving machine power range value are correspondingly prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and the cavitation detection processor carries out real-time comparison on the pump head value and each value collected by the signal collector with the prestored corresponding range value; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the sound frequency spectrum collected by the sound sensor reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and at least two of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value fall into corresponding range values, the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is represented; when the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value in the collected sound frequency spectrum reaches the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and at least one of the pump head value, the pump body vibration value and the pump driving power value falls into a corresponding range value, the centrifugal pump is indicated to have slight cavitation or be subjected to cavitation; on the contrary, the centrifugal pump has no cavitation.
2. A method of real-time monitoring of centrifugal pump cavitation in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises a memory (9) for real-time storage of the signals collected by the signal collector, i.e. the memory stores in real-time the pump inlet pressure value, the pump outlet pressure value, the pump head value, the sound spectrum of the fluid in the pump, the pump body vibration value and the pump drive power value, and the cavitation monitoring processor (7) compares the real-time values in the memory with the ranges of values pre-stored in the cavitation monitoring processor.
3. The method for monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method further comprises a pre-filtering pressure sensor (8) for monitoring a pre-filter pressure value at the inlet of the pump, a pre-filtering differential pressure range value is pre-stored in the cavitation monitoring processor (7), the cavitation monitoring processor performs differential pressure calculation on the pre-filter pressure value monitored by the pre-filtering pressure sensor and the pump inlet pressure value monitored by the pump inlet pressure sensor (1), the obtained filtering differential pressure value is compared with the pre-filtering differential pressure range value pre-stored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and when the centrifugal pump has cavitation and the filtering differential pressure value is greater than the filtering differential pressure range value, it is indicated that the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is caused by the blockage of the filter at the inlet of the pump.
4. The method for monitoring the cavitation of the centrifugal pump in real time according to claim 1, wherein the cavitation monitoring processor (7) compares the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value of the sound spectrum monitored by the sound sensor (4) and the pump body vibration value monitored by the pump body vibration sensor (3) in real time with a cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and a pump body vibration range value prestored in the cavitation monitoring processor, and when the variation trends of the pump body vibration value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value are close to the extreme values of the pump body vibration range value and the cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value, the collected cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum value and the pump body vibration value are regarded as falling into the corresponding cavitation characteristic frequency spectrum range value and the pump body vibration range value in advance, namely, the occurrence of the cavitation of the centrifugal pump is warned in advance.
5. A method for real-time monitoring of centrifugal pump cavitation in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the cavitation monitoring processor (7) is externally connected with a human-machine interface (10) and an alarm (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210369769.5A CN114922827A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Method for monitoring centrifugal pump cavitation in real time |
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| CN202210369769.5A CN114922827A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Method for monitoring centrifugal pump cavitation in real time |
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2022
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