CN114922605A - Method for compositely opening branches of coal mine down-hole coal seam directional hole - Google Patents
Method for compositely opening branches of coal mine down-hole coal seam directional hole Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114922605A CN114922605A CN202210509327.6A CN202210509327A CN114922605A CN 114922605 A CN114922605 A CN 114922605A CN 202210509327 A CN202210509327 A CN 202210509327A CN 114922605 A CN114922605 A CN 114922605A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- drilling
- branch
- directional
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009532 heart rate measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for compositely opening branches of coal mine underground coal seam directional holes, which comprises the following steps: selecting a first branch point in the formed directional hole according to the acquired directional hole track data and the predicted coal seam inclination angle, wherein the track data comprises a borehole inclination angle and a borehole azimuth angle; lifting the drill bit until the drill bit reaches the first branch point selected in the step 1, and retesting the drilling inclination angle and the drilling azimuth angle within a preset distance before and after the first branch point to finish the calibration of the first branch point; controlling the rotation speed of the drill rod and the composite rotation speed of the motor to perform composite directional branch drilling at a first branch point, and measuring the inclination angle of a drill hole after the drill hole is drilled to a specified position; and sequentially drilling a next branch hole in each branch hole until the drilling reaches a preset depth, and finishing the composite branch opening operation of the directional hole. The invention determines the relation between the drill rod rotation speed and the motor composite rotation speed in the process of drilling the underground coal mine along the directional hole of the coal seam in a composite manner, and solves the problem that the underground coal mine along the coal seam in the composite manner is difficult to branch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of directional drilling of underground coal mines, in particular to a method and a device for compositely opening branches of directional holes of a coal bed in an underground coal mine.
Background
The underground directional drilling of the coal mine has the advantages of controllable track of the directional hole, high utilization rate of the drilling, high drilling precision and the like, is widely applied to various fields of underground gas extraction of the coal mine, prevention and control of water damage, exploration of geological abnormal bodies and the like, and obtains remarkable application effect. However, in the deep hole directional drilling, the drilling tool is seriously supported and pressed to cause the directional drilling difficulty, although the track can be controlled to a certain extent by changing the composite drilling parameter, the traditional branch-opening technology still depends on the sliding directional drilling technology, in particular to the sliding directional branch-opening technology, namely, the tool surface is adjusted to enable the elbow of the screw motor to face downwards, and the drill bit is used for continuously grinding the hole wall at the lower side of the drill hole under the action of gravity to directionally open branches at the lower side of the original drill hole. The sliding directional branching technique relies on three aspects: the drilling pressure transmission is effective, the downward tool surface is stabilized, and the feeding speed is uniform, so that the three aspects of deep hole and ultra-deep hole directional drilling, due to the supporting pressure of a drilling tool, are difficult to meet; the drill hole formed by the composite drilling has small bending curvature, smoother hole wall of the drill hole, low pressure of a drilling system and high drilling efficiency, and the depth of the drill hole is far greater than that of the sliding directional drilling.
Therefore, in view of the technical defects of the sliding directional branch opening in the deep hole drilling and the advantages of the composite drilling, through the intensive research and design and the experience and achievement of the related industries for many years, the designer researches and designs the method and the device for the composite branch opening of the directional hole along the coal bed in the underground coal mine of the coal mine, so as to solve the problem that the branch cannot be opened due to the serious pressure support in the ultra-deep hole drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for compositely opening branches of directional holes along a coal seam in a coal mine, wherein the method is easy to operate, can effectively solve the problems of difficult branch opening and low success rate caused by the supporting pressure of a drilling tool in ultra-deep hole drilling, is favorable for extending the track of the directional holes to the deep part in the coal seam, improves the coal finding rate of the drilled holes and realizes the comprehensive treatment of gas in a large area.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a method for compositely branching a directional hole along a coal seam under a coal mine, which is realized by a composite branching drilling system and comprises the following steps:
step 3, controlling the rotation speed of the drill rod and the composite rotation speed of the motor to perform composite directional branch drilling, and measuring the inclination angle of the drill hole after the drill hole is drilled to a specified position;
wherein, the relation between the drill rod rotation speed and the motor composite rotation speed satisfies the following formula:
in the formula:
m is the number of composite rotation turns of the screw motor within the time required by the drill bit to perform single-rotation side edge cutting to cut half of the length of the lower edge of the drilled hole, and the unit is r, and m is more than or equal to 1;
h is the height of the side edge of the drill bit, the unit is m, and h is more than or equal to 0.001 and less than or equal to 0.002;
r is the diameter of the bit side edge-out composite piece, the unit is m, and R is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.015;
v is the drilling speed of the drill rod, the unit is m/h, and v is more than 0 and less than or equal to 12;
n 2 is the composite rotation speed of the motor, the unit is rpm, and n is more than or equal to 60 2 ≤180；
If the difference value of the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drilling to the specified position and the drill hole inclination angle measured before the composite directional branch drilling is carried out is equal to 0 degree, returning to the step 1, and reselecting the branch point;
if the difference between the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle of the position obtained through the drilling track before the composite directional branch-opening drilling is carried out is less than 0.5 degrees, returning to the branch point, and carrying out the composite directional branch-opening drilling again; if the difference of the drill hole inclination angles is still less than 0.5 degrees after the second composite directional branch drilling, returning to the step 1, and reselecting the branch point;
if the difference value between the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle at the position obtained through the drilling track before the composite directional branch opening drilling is carried out is more than or equal to 0.5 degrees, and the propelling force of the drill bit is continuously increased under the state that the pump is closed, the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor are continuously controlled to carry out the composite directional branch opening drilling for 100-150 m, the drilling is stopped, and the construction of a first branch hole is completed;
step 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3, completing selection of a second branch point and composite directional branch drilling in the first branch hole, and forming a second branch hole; completing selection of a third branch point and composite directional branch drilling in the second branch hole, and forming a third branch hole; and by parity of reasoning, sequentially drilling a next branch hole in each branch hole until the drilling reaches a preset depth, and finishing the composite branch opening operation of the directional hole.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the selection criteria of the branch point in step 1 are: the branch point is located at a position where the inclination angle of the drill hole is increased, and the deviation between the inclination angle of the drill hole and the predicted value of the inclination angle of the coal seam is less than or equal to 5 degrees.
Furthermore, when the drilling dip angle of the branch point is greater than the predicted value of the coal bed dip angle, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is greater than 0.5 m; and when the drilling dip angle of the branch point is smaller than or equal to the predicted value of the coal bed dip angle, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is larger than or equal to 1 m.
Further, the predetermined distance in step 2 is 6 m.
Further, the distance between the specified position and the branch point in step 3 is 6 m.
Furthermore, the composite branch drilling system comprises a single-bent screw motor, the upper end of the single-bent screw motor is connected with a measurement-while-drilling probe, the lower end of the single-bent screw motor is connected with a directional drill bit, the directional drill bit comprises a drill bit body, cutting blades and cutting teeth are arranged on the drill bit body, and side blades are arranged on the cutting teeth;
the number of the cutting blades is four, the included angle between every two adjacent cutting blades is 90 degrees, and the height of the side edge is 1-2 mm.
Furthermore, the included angle between the gauge surface of the cutting blade and the central axis of the drill body is 4.31 degrees.
Furthermore, the single-bending screw motor is a 1.5-degree single-bending screw motor.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the cutting blade is embedded with PDC composite sheet wear-resistant particles.
The invention has the following effects:
the method determines the relationship between the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor in the process of drilling along the composite branch of the directional hole of the coal seam under the coal mine, solves the problem of difficult directional branch opening caused by serious pressure bearing of a drilling tool by matching the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor, extends the track of the directional hole to a deeper stratum and realizes the comprehensive treatment of the gas in a large area; the branch-opening operation is not limited by the drilling depth any more, so that the track of the directional hole extends to a deeper stratum, and the comprehensive treatment of the gas in a large area, cost reduction and efficiency improvement are realized.
The details of the present invention can be obtained from the following description and the attached drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pilot bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a single-turn screw motor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a compound open branch dip cut according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a bottom hole pattern in the first stage of the actual shooting in application example 1;
FIG. 6 shows the bottom of a hole in the second stage of the embodiment of application example 1;
FIG. 7 shows a third stage hole bottom pattern for the real pat of application example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the maximum branch depth of the method of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-single-bend screw motor, 2-pilot bit, 21-bit body, 211-cutting blade, 212-cutting tooth.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are intended to be inclusive. In addition, it should also be understood that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", etc. indicate an orientation relationship based on the orientation relationship shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Technical terms involved in the present invention are explained as follows:
drilling inclination angle: the included angle between the tangent of a certain point on the axis of the drill hole along the extension direction of the axis and the horizontal projection of the tangent.
Drilling azimuth angle: generally refers to the angle between the magnetic azimuth of the borehole, starting from the true north magnetic direction, clockwise to the axis of the borehole, and the projection on the horizontal plane.
The dip angle of the coal seam: the included angle between the coal seam layer and the horizontal plane.
Gauge surface: is hard alloy welded or embedded on the outer side of the drill bit.
Composite directional branch drilling: the drilling is completed in a mode that a drilling machine pushes a drill rod to drill and a motor drives a drill bit to rotate to drill.
Example 1:
the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a method for compositely branching a directional hole along a coal seam under a coal mine, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps of measuring the track of a directional hole in the drilling process, collecting drilling data through a measurement-while-drilling device used in the drilling process, namely, measuring the drilling data at regular intervals, so that the hole depth, the drilling inclination angle and the drilling azimuth angle of each measuring point are obtained, the drilling inclination angle can be collected through a three-axis acceleration sensor, and the drilling azimuth angle can be collected through a three-axis magnetic field sensor.
The predicted value of the coal seam dip angle is obtained according to the stratum trend revealed in the tunneling process of the working face crossheading tunnel or the coal rock interface height connecting line obtained by twice branch detection.
In the formed directional holes, a point that when the hole depth is increased by 3m, the increment of the drill hole inclination angle is more than or equal to 0.6 degrees and the deviation of the drill hole inclination angle and the predicted value of the coal seam inclination angle is less than or equal to 5 degrees is selected, so that the phenomenon that after branch holes are drilled, the track of a local hole section is seriously bent due to the fact that track deviation correction is continuously carried out by utilizing sliding deviation drilling, and finally the transmission of drilling power is influenced is avoided. Meanwhile, the lithology of the stratum at the branch point is considered, and the softer the stratum, the shorter the branch opening time is.
In the coal seam, the hole section is preferably positioned on the middle position of the top and bottom plates of the coal seam, so that the selected branch point is prevented from being close to the coal rock boundary line:
when the drilling dip angle of the branch point is larger than the predicted value of the coal bed dip angle, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is larger than 0.5 m;
when the drilling inclination angle of the branch point is smaller than or equal to the predicted coal bed inclination angle value, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is larger than or equal to 1m so as to prevent the track of the branched directional hole from rapidly entering the coal rock boundary;
in the process of compositely opening branches along the coal bed directional hole, composite drilling is implemented at a relatively high rotating speed and a relatively low drilling speed, the grinding times of the inner wall of the drill hole in unit length are more and better, the ratio of the undercutting displacement of the drill bit to the forward footage is improved by reducing the drilling speed and improving the rotation degree of a drill rod, and therefore the purposes of reducing the drill hole inclination angle and building steps are achieved. In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the screw motor with the composite rotation speed of 90r/min or more is defined as a higher rotation speed (the rotation speed does not set an upper limit, and usually the highest upper limit rotation speed of the existing drill rod is taken as the highest value), and the drilling speed less than 0.05m/min is defined as a lower drilling speed. The drilling tool is characterized in that the drilling quantity formed by carrying out combined drilling at a relatively high rotating speed and a relatively low drilling speed is small, the particle size is small, the bottom of a hole can be kept in a clean state under the action of flushing liquid, no drilling cuttings are accumulated, and the side edge of the drilling tool can cut more coal rocks on the lower edge of the hole wall under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force.
Step 3, controlling the rotation speed of the drill rod and the composite rotation speed of the motor to perform composite directional branch drilling at a first branch point, and measuring a drill hole inclination angle after the drill hole is drilled to a specified position;
as shown in fig. 4, in order to ensure a better cutting effect, the advancing distance of the drill bit should not be greater than half of the length l of the lower edge of the drill hole by the single-rotation side edge-cutting of the drill bit within the time period of one rotation of the drill bit, i.e. the number of rotations of the drill bit is not less than 1 within the time period required by the advancing distance of the drill bit to the length l of the lower edge of the drill hole by the single-rotation side edge-cutting of the drill bit, as shown in fig. 5,
wherein the relationship between the drill rod rotation speed and the motor composite rotation speed is determined by the following formula:
in the formula:
m is the time required by half of the length of the lower edge of the drill hole in the single-rotation side edge-cutting process of the drill bit, the number of composite rotation turns of the screw motor is r, and m is more than or equal to 1;
h is the height of the side edge of the drill bit, the unit is m, and h is more than or equal to 0.001 and less than or equal to 0.002;
r is the diameter of the composite piece with the edge of the drill bit side, the unit is m, and R is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.015;
v is the drilling speed of the drill rod, the unit is m/h, and v is more than 0 and less than or equal to 12;
n 2 is the composite rotating speed of the motor, the unit is rpm, and n is more than or equal to 60 2 ≤180。
If the difference value of the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drilling to the specified position and the drill hole inclination angle measured before the composite directional branch drilling is carried out is equal to 0 degree, returning to the step 1, and reselecting the branch point;
if the difference value between the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle of the position obtained through the drill track before the composite directional branch drilling is carried out is less than 0.5 degrees, returning to the branch point, and carrying out the composite directional branch drilling again; if the difference of the inclination angles of the drill holes is still less than 0.5 degrees after the second composite directional branch-opening drilling, returning to the step 1, and reselecting a branch point;
if the difference value of the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle of the position obtained through the drilling track before the composite directional branch opening drilling is carried out is more than or equal to 0.5 degrees, and the propelling force of the drill bit under the pump closing state is continuously increased, the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor are continuously controlled to carry out the composite directional branch opening drilling;
step 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3, completing the selection of a second branch point and the composite directional branch drilling in the first branch hole, and forming a second branch hole; completing selection of a third branch point and composite directional branch drilling in the second branch hole, and forming a third branch hole; and by parity of reasoning, sequentially drilling the next branch hole in each branch hole till the drilling reaches the preset depth, and finishing the composite branch-opening operation of the directional hole.
As a preferable solution of this embodiment, the predetermined distance in step 2 is 6 m.
As a preferable mode of this embodiment, the distance between the specified position and the branch point in step 3 is 6 m. In other aspects, the designated location is 4m or 8m from the branch point.
In the actual drilling operation, the composite rotating speed of the motor should be as high as possible, and the drilling speed of the drill rod should be as low as possible, so that the critical value that m is more than or equal to 1 in the formula is ensured to be met.
In the process of composite drilling and branching, the orientation of an elbow of a single-rod screw motor is periodically changed in the rotation process of a drilling tool, when the tool face rotates to a range of 90-270 degrees, the coal rock mass at the bottom of a hole is cut on the front face of a directional drill bit, and the coal rock mass at the lower edge of the hole wall is cut by a side edge of the drill bit, so that the uniform drilling speed and the drill bit rotating speed are kept.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, as a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the compound open branch drilling system includes a single-bending screw motor 1, an upper end of the single-bending screw motor 1 is connected to a measurement while drilling probe, a lower end is connected to a pilot bit 2, the pilot bit 2 includes a bit body 21, a cutting blade 211 and a cutting tooth 212 are disposed on the bit body 21, and a side edge is disposed on the cutting tooth 212.
In other embodiments, an existing drilling assembly that can be used for directional drilling may be used, for example, the device for controlling the inclination angle of the borehole in the coal mine downhole composite drilling disclosed in patent application CN 202110360586.2.
As a preferred aspect of this embodiment, the gage surfaces of the cutting blades 211 are angled at 4.31 ° relative to the central axis of the bit body.
The number of the cutting blades 211 is four, an included angle between every two adjacent cutting blades 211 is 90 degrees, the diameter R of the side edge-protruding composite sheet is 13.44mm, the height of the side edge-protruding composite sheet is 1mm, the value of m is 1, and then n can be obtained through calculation according to the formula 2 And (3) obtaining the matching relation between the composite rotating speed of the motor and the drilling speed of the drill rod in the composite branch drilling as follows:
TABLE 1 relationship between composite rotational speed of motor and drilling rate of drill rod
In table 1, the drilling speed of the drill rod is the critical drilling speed of drilling at the current composite rotation speed of the motor, and in the actual operation process, the lower the drilling speed, the higher the success rate of the composite branch opening.
And controlling the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor according to the numerical values in the table 1, performing composite directional drilling on the branch hole, and stopping drilling after the branch hole is drilled to a designed depth or penetrates through a target stratum.
Application example 1:
the method disclosed in embodiment 1 is adopted in the application example, a ZDY12000LD high-power directional drilling machine, a BYL390/12 mud pump truck, a phi 89mm center through cable drill rod, an external spiral nonmagnetic drill rod, a YHD3-1500 wireless mud pulse measurement while drilling system, a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottom directional drill bit 2, a phi 89mm and a 1.5-degree single-bending hydraulic pressurizing screw motor are adopted, and the screw motor is provided with a spiral phi 116mm centralizer.
Because the deflecting capability of the 1.5-degree screw motor is stronger than that of the 1.25-degree screw motor, and the 1.75-degree and above screw motors are not suitable for quick rotary drilling, the 1.5-degree single-bending hydraulic pressurizing screw motor is preferred in the application example; the upper end of the single-bending hydraulic pressurizing screw motor is connected with a measurement while drilling probe, and the lower end of the single-bending hydraulic pressurizing screw motor is connected with a directional drill bit 2; the length from the elbow to the drill of the single-bending screw motor is slightly longer than that of the common single-bending screw motor, and the deflecting capacity of the screw motor is enhanced.
There are four cutting blades 212, and the four cutting blades 212 are arranged at an included angle of 90 °.
The end face of the pilot bit 2 is flat-bottomed or concave-shaped.
The gage surfaces of cutting blades 212 make an angle of 4.31 with the central axis of the bit body.
And a gasket is arranged on the outer side of the bend angle of the single-bending screw motor 1, so that the deflecting capability of the screw drilling tool is enhanced.
The specific using process of the device comprises the following steps: and (3) selecting a test site, completing drilling with the measurement depth of 24m, and setting the track parameters of the directional hole as shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Directional hole trajectory parameters
In the formed directional hole, a branch point is selected to perform branch opening operation according to the method step 1 disclosed in the embodiment 1, in order to visually verify the branch opening process of the composite drilling, the drilling is divided into three stages, after each stage is completed, the drilling is lifted and a drilling sight is put into the drilling sight to observe, a position 15m away from an orifice and with an inclination angle of 3.5 degrees is selected as the branch point, and drilling parameters in the composite branch opening drilling process are shown in a table 3.
In order to ensure that the composite rotating speed of the screw motor is constant in the composite opening and branching process, the same feeding pressure, drill rod rotating speed and slurry pump pressure are adopted in the test.
TABLE 3 composite drill parameters for the branch-off process
Fig. 5 shows the borehole bottom formation after a first stage drilling length of 1 m. As can be seen, after the compound branch drilling operation is carried out at the drilling speed of a drill rod of 0.025m/min by adopting the compound drilling, a crescent step close to 1/4 bit end face areas is formed at the bottom of the hole due to the lateral cutting of the bit.
Fig. 6 shows the borehole bottom formation after a second stage drilling length of 1.5 m. It can be seen that the bottom hole crescent steps expand to approximately 3/5 bit face areas after compound branch opening with compound drilling at a drill rate of 0.039 m/min.
Fig. 7 shows the borehole bottom formation after a third stage drilling length of 3.5 m. It can be seen that the hole bottom step expands to approximately 2/3 bit face area after compound branch opening with compound drilling at a drill stem penetration rate of 0.109 m/min.
As can be seen from fig. 5, 6, and 7, in the present application example, a gradually expanding step is formed at the bottom of the hole by using the composite opening and branching method disclosed in the present invention, and the structure of the branching hole is finally completed.
Application example 2:
in this application example, the method in example 1 is used to perform a field test on the baoding mine, the working surface where the test drilling hole is located in a baoding mine second disk area, as shown in fig. 8, the area between the dotted lines in fig. 8 represents a coal bed, the average thickness of the coal bed is 18m, the distance between the roadways on both sides of the disk area exceeds 3300m, and in order to ensure that the drilling hole penetrates the roadways on both sides of the disk area, the drilling rate of the coal bed of the drilling hole must be ensured to be 100%, and the track of the directional hole is relatively smooth, so as to reduce the drilling friction resistance.
Because the dip angle trend of the coal seam is unknown, roof detection is carried out once every 80-150 m in the construction process, then the dip angle of the coal seam is approximately predicted according to the height of the coal rock interface of two continuous roof detection times, after roof detection, a branch point is selected at a proper position, and drilling is carried out along the coal seam through composite directional branch opening.
In the application example, the method for compositely opening the branch along the coal bed directional hole in the underground coal mine disclosed by the invention is adopted, the rotating speed of the drill rod is determined to be 60rpm, the pressure of the slurry pump is 10MPa, the composite rotating speed of the motor is about 140rpm, and the drilling speed of the drill rod is 0.05m/min, and the branch holes are opened at 2424m, 2832m, 3036m and 3198m, and all the steps are successful once, so that the drilling track extending along the coal bed shown in fig. 8 is finally obtained.
Theoretically, the branch-opening operation performed by adopting the composite drilling branch-opening method and the matched drilling tool assembly is not limited in the drilling depth any more, and the branch-opening operation can be performed at any position.
Comparative example 1
The existing drilling method is adopted to carry out field test in a certain mine, because the maximum propelling force of the existing underground coal mine high-power directional drilling machine is about 30kN, in the construction process of ultra-long directional drilling, after the hole depth exceeds 2000m, the sliding drilling resistance is accelerated to rise and is quickly close to the capacity limit of the drilling machine, and because the pressure is supported in the hole, the feeding speed of a drill bit is not uniform, so that the difficulty of lateral drilling branches is caused.
In the test, the branch is drilled by adopting a sliding drilling method in the front 2000m, the branch holes are drilled by adopting a forward and reverse torsion sliding drilling mode in 2000-2100 m, and the branch holes are successfully drilled by adopting forward and reverse torsion sliding drilling in 2076m, but after the drilling depth reaches 2100m, due to the supporting pressure of a drilling tool in the hole, although the branch drilling method is used for multiple tests by adopting pure sliding drilling and forward and reverse torsion sliding drilling, the branch drilling is unsuccessful, and the success rate is 0.
It should be apparent that the foregoing description and illustrations are by way of example only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, application or uses. While embodiments have been described in the embodiments and depicted in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the particular examples illustrated by the drawings and described in the embodiments as the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A method for realizing composite branch opening of a directional hole along a coal seam under a coal mine is characterized by being realized by a composite branch opening drilling system and comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring directional hole trajectory data and a coal seam inclination angle predicted value of a coal seam where a directional hole is located, and selecting a first branch point in a formed directional hole according to the acquired directional hole trajectory data and the coal seam inclination angle predicted value, wherein the trajectory data comprises a drilling hole inclination angle and a drilling hole azimuth angle;
step 2, lifting the drill bit until the drill bit reaches the first branch point selected in the step 1, and retesting the drill hole inclination angle and the drill hole azimuth angle within a preset distance before and after the first branch point to finish the calibration of the first branch point;
step 3, controlling the rotation speed of the drill rod and the composite rotation speed of the motor to perform composite directional branch drilling at a first branch point, and measuring a drill hole inclination angle after the drill hole is drilled to a specified position;
the relationship between the drill rod rotating speed and the motor composite rotating speed meets the following formula:
in the formula:
m is the number of composite rotation turns of the screw motor within the time required by the drill bit to perform single-rotation side edge cutting to cut half of the length of the lower edge of the drilled hole, and the unit is r, and m is more than or equal to 1;
h is the height of the side edge of the drill bit, the unit is m, and h is more than or equal to 0.001 and less than or equal to 0.002;
r is the diameter of the composite piece with the edge of the drill bit side, the unit is m, and R is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.015;
v is the drilling speed of the drill rod, the unit is m/h, and v is more than 0 and less than or equal to 12;
n 2 is the composite rotating speed of the motor, the unit is rpm, and n is more than or equal to 60 2 ≤180；
If the difference value of the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drilling to the specified position and the drill hole inclination angle measured before the composite directional branch drilling is carried out is equal to 0 degree, returning to the step 1, and reselecting the branch point;
if the difference value between the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle of the position obtained through the drill track before the composite directional branch drilling is carried out is less than 0.5 degrees, returning to the branch point, and carrying out the composite directional branch drilling again; if the difference of the inclination angles of the drill holes is still less than 0.5 degrees after the second composite directional branch-opening drilling, returning to the step 1, and reselecting a branch point;
if the difference value between the drill hole inclination angle measured after the drill hole is drilled to the designated position and the drill hole inclination angle of the position obtained through the drilling track before the composite directional branch opening drilling is carried out is more than or equal to 0.5 degrees, and the propelling force of the drill bit under the pump closing state is continuously increased, the rotating speed of the drill rod and the composite rotating speed of the motor are continuously controlled to carry out the composite directional branch opening drilling for 100-150 m, the drilling is stopped, and the construction of a first branch hole is completed;
step 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3, completing selection of a second branch point and composite directional branch drilling in the first branch hole, and forming a second branch hole; selecting a third branch point and performing composite directional branch-opening drilling in the second branch hole to open a third branch hole; and by parity of reasoning, sequentially drilling a next branch hole in each branch hole until the drilling reaches a preset depth, and finishing the composite branch opening operation of the directional hole.
2. The method for compositely branching directional holes in a coal mine underground coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the branching point selected in the step 1 meets the following conditions: when the hole depth is increased by 3m, the increase value of the drill hole inclination angle is more than or equal to 0.6 degrees, and the deviation between the drill hole inclination angle and the predicted coal bed inclination angle is less than or equal to 5 degrees.
3. The method for compositely opening branches of the directional hole along the coal seam under the coal mine well according to claim 2, wherein the selected branch point further satisfies the following conditions: when the drilling dip angle of the branch point is larger than the predicted value of the coal bed dip angle, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is larger than 0.5 m; and when the drilling dip angle of the branch point is smaller than or equal to the predicted value of the coal bed dip angle, the vertical distance between the branch point and the coal rock boundary of the coal bed bottom plate is larger than or equal to 1 m.
4. The method for compositely branching a directional hole along a coal seam under a coal mine well according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined distance in the step 2 is 6 m.
5. The method for compositely branching directional holes in a coal mine underground coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the specified position and the branching point in the step 3 is 6 m.
6. The method for compositely splitting the branch of the directional hole along the coal seam under the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the compositely splitting drilling system comprises a single-bent screw motor (1), the upper end of the single-bent screw motor (1) is connected with a measurement-while-drilling probe, the lower end of the single-bent screw motor is connected with a directional drill bit (2), the directional drill bit (2) comprises a drill bit body (21), the drill bit body (21) is provided with cutting blades (211) and cutting teeth (212), and the cutting teeth (212) are provided with side edges;
the number of the cutting blades (211) is four, the included angle between every two adjacent cutting blades (211) is 90 degrees, and the height of the side edge is 1-2 mm.
7. The method for compositely splitting branches of the coal mine down-hole coal seam directional hole according to claim 4, wherein an included angle between the gauge surface (A) of the cutting blade (211) and a central axis of the drill bit body is 4.31 degrees.
8. The underground coal mine coal seam directional hole compound branch opening method according to claim 4, characterized in that the single-bending screw motor (1) is a 1.5-degree single-bending screw motor.
9. The underground coal mine down-hole coal seam directional hole composite branch-opening method according to claim 4, characterized in that PDC composite sheet wear-resistant particles are inlaid on the outer surfaces of the cutting blades (211).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210509327.6A CN114922605B (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Method for compositely opening and branching directional holes of underground coal mine along coal seam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210509327.6A CN114922605B (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Method for compositely opening and branching directional holes of underground coal mine along coal seam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114922605A true CN114922605A (en) | 2022-08-19 |
| CN114922605B CN114922605B (en) | 2023-06-09 |
Family
ID=82808583
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210509327.6A Active CN114922605B (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Method for compositely opening and branching directional holes of underground coal mine along coal seam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114922605B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116044368A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Curve directional drilling geological exploration drilling layout method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070029113A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-08 | Shilin Chen | Methods and system for designing and/or selecting drilling equipment with desired drill bit steerability |
| CN106869791A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-20 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine air screw motor is oriented hole drill tool combination and construction method |
| CN111622672A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-04 | 四川省恒升煤炭科技开发有限公司设计分公司 | Method for drilling any tool surface branch by directional drilling auxiliary deflecting device |
-
2022
- 2022-05-10 CN CN202210509327.6A patent/CN114922605B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070029113A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-08 | Shilin Chen | Methods and system for designing and/or selecting drilling equipment with desired drill bit steerability |
| CN106869791A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-20 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine air screw motor is oriented hole drill tool combination and construction method |
| CN111622672A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-04 | 四川省恒升煤炭科技开发有限公司设计分公司 | Method for drilling any tool surface branch by directional drilling auxiliary deflecting device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 肖东辉;苏军康;斯蒂夫・芬奇;克里斯・弗瑞尔;: "定向钻进孔底马达工具面向角变化规律分析", no. 1, pages 109 - 113 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116044368A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Curve directional drilling geological exploration drilling layout method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114922605B (en) | 2023-06-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5423389A (en) | Curved drilling apparatus | |
| CN102272405B (en) | Ball piston steering devices and methods of use | |
| CN102134965B (en) | Long positioned drill hole drilling tool for extracting gas from coal seam roof and construction method thereof | |
| EP3186468B1 (en) | Hybrid mechanical-laser drilling equipment | |
| US11434696B2 (en) | Directional drilling systems and methods | |
| US20120273277A1 (en) | Method of drilling and jet drillilng system | |
| US9863188B2 (en) | Multi-motor steerable drilling system and method | |
| CN109763857B (en) | Water jet dense comb-shaped drilling type outburst elimination pre-extraction treatment method for coal seam gas to be tunneled | |
| CN110306934A (en) | The construction method and supporting drilling tool of double branch's top plate major diameter high position directional long boreholes | |
| CN114922605A (en) | Method for compositely opening branches of coal mine down-hole coal seam directional hole | |
| CN112012751B (en) | Precise excavation method for gentle slope inclined shaft | |
| USRE29929E (en) | Deviated conductor driving system | |
| CN113338921B (en) | Shale oil horizontal well track control method | |
| CN110005349A (en) | It is a kind of can deep drilling composite drill rod | |
| CN203822156U (en) | Deviation-adjustable rotary drilling device | |
| CN207485369U (en) | A kind of extended reach well antifriction subtracts torsion combination drill string | |
| Xinjun et al. | Research on application of steering drilling technologies in shale gas development | |
| GB2546048B (en) | Gauge for bent housing motor drill bit | |
| CN111894470B (en) | PDC drill bit, method for determining spiral angle of chip groove of PDC drill bit and well drilling method | |
| CN110529099B (en) | Method for calculating accumulated static friction resistance of static friction area and method for reducing friction resistance | |
| CN210622733U (en) | Composite drill rod capable of deeply drilling | |
| Hungerford et al. | Inseam boreholes to and beyond 2000 m with a combination of slide and rotary drilling | |
| CN210829148U (en) | Drifting tool | |
| CN113356762B (en) | Drilling equipment and drilling method for shale oil horizontal well | |
| CN118128424A (en) | Drilling tool combination suitable for single-barrel double-well and drilling method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |