CN114921132B - Special energy-gathering nano slurry for greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of preparation of heat absorbing materials, provides energy-gathering nano slurry special for a greenhouse, and solves the problems that the existing greenhouse cannot store solar radiation heat energy and effectively release the solar radiation heat energy so as to heat the greenhouse. The material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05-0.1 part of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 2-4 parts of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 1-2 parts of water-soluble carbon black, 0.1-0.3 part of special conductive carbon black and 100 parts of water. The special conductive carbon black micro powder is added into the slurry, so that the slurry can absorb light energy and simultaneously can convert the light energy, and the time for storing and releasing the heat of the slurry is prolonged. The conductive carbon black is uniformly mixed in the coating to absorb light energy, then the light energy is stored in the coating and the wall body through photoelectric coupling, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced, the energy is converted into heat energy to be emitted, so that the temperature of the greenhouse is increased. Improve greenhouse output, save energy and reduce consumption, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Special energy-gathering nano slurry for greenhouse

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of preparation of heat-absorbing and energy-accumulating materials, and particularly relates to energy-accumulating nano slurry special for a greenhouse.

Background

The solar greenhouse industry is a main body in the facility agriculture industry in China, and has recently become the most effective industry in agricultural planting. Sunlight greenhouse is a closed ecological small environment with solar radiation as a heat source, and the greenhouse mainly depends on the solar radiation to maintain the temperature required by normal growth of crops. As is well known, sunlight is a natural resource, changes very often with weather changes, and is available in the daytime, at night, in sunny days and in cloudy days, and the growth of crops needs to have a continuous and stable temperature environment, so that an auxiliary heating facility capable of being controlled manually is needed.

The temperature of the sunlight greenhouse is improved and ensured, the safe growth and high yield and efficiency of the out-of-season production of vegetables of the sunlight greenhouse are ensured, the sunlight greenhouse is a main research content of agricultural scientific research institutions of various countries for a long time, two main approaches are that the design of the sunlight greenhouse structure is optimized, the sunlight greenhouse enclosure structure is improved, the light collecting capacity and the heat accumulating performance are improved to the greatest extent, and the heat dissipation is reduced. The other is to research and develop a high-efficiency clean energy-gathering heat-increasing and scientific and reasonable heating facility, so as to ensure that the indoor temperature is continuously, stably and simply increased under the low-temperature and continuous-chill climatic conditions at night, so that crops are not threatened by freezing injury, and the yield is increased with high efficiency.

The utility model patent with the application number of 201820745899.3 discloses a sunlight greenhouse biomass particle warming and antifreezing system which comprises a fuel feeder, a burner and a heat exchange device, wherein the fuel feeder, the burner and the heat exchange device are integrally formed. The feeding, blowing and induced air equipment can be adjusted, so that the full collection and diffusion of heat under the condition of less energy consumption can be realized, the hot air collection circulation of small-load combustion, large-area heat exchange, multi-point collection and full-coverage circulation is realized, the heat emitted by the combustion, exchange and circulation devices can be completely collected into a circulation system and rapidly diffused in all directions of a greenhouse, the utilization rate of the heat is effectively improved, the loss of the heat is reduced, the precedent of standardized and routine application of biomass granular fuel in the warming and antifreezing measures of a sunlight greenhouse is opened up, the ecological, environmental protection and circulation organic combination of modern facility agriculture is realized, and the advancement is at the leading level in China.

The utility model patent with the application number of 202022796958 and X discloses a sunlight greenhouse heating system based on wind-solar complementation, which comprises a greenhouse body, a solar heat storage device, a wind power generation device and a greenhouse heating device, wherein the solar heat storage device comprises a solar bracket, a heat collector, a heat collecting pipeline and a first water pump; the wind power generation device comprises a wind power bracket, a wind power generator, a wind wheel, a wind vane, an electric heating rod and a storage battery; the greenhouse heating device comprises a heating loop, and a second water pump is arranged on the heating loop. The heating system converts solar energy into heat energy to be stored in hot water, and when the greenhouse temperature is low at night, the hot water is utilized to heat the greenhouse through the greenhouse heating device. Meanwhile, wind energy is converted into electric energy and then into heat energy, so that the wind energy is effectively utilized, hot water is supplemented at any time, the heat dissipation fan is powered, and the temperature of an auxiliary heating loop is rapidly diffused. The condition that the temperature of the greenhouse is lower due to weather is reduced, the temperature in the greenhouse is ensured to be at a constant level, and proper conditions are provided for the growth of crops.

The utility model of application number 202022969786.1 discloses a greenhouse heat-insulating rear wall, which comprises a triangular steel structure main body and a wall body, wherein the triangular steel structure main body is composed of a first upright post, a bottom support and an inclined support; the wall body comprises a supporting upright post, a third heat preservation layer and a water storage tank, wherein the third heat preservation layer and the water storage tank are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the supporting upright post, and a transverse supporting frame is arranged between the heat preservation layer and the water storage tank; the wall body is positioned at one side of the first upright post of the triangular steel structure main body, and no gap exists between the wall body and the first upright post. The steel material is adopted, the occupied area is small, the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, vegetable wastes are fermented in the triangular steel structure main body, the greenhouse is heated and stored, fertilizer water and fertilizer generated after fermentation are utilized for crop planting and irrigation, the accumulation waste of the vegetable wastes is reduced, and the aim of recycling is fulfilled.

At present, the solar greenhouse is heated by arranging a heat preservation layer or providing an electric heating circulation system, and the outside provides heat supply and reduces heat loss, but no material capable of directly utilizing solar energy to heat the solar radiation heat energy in a storage mode is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse, which solves the problems that the existing greenhouse can not store solar radiation heat energy and effectively release the solar radiation heat energy so as to heat the greenhouse.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05-0.1 part of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 2-4 parts of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 1-2 parts of water-soluble carbon black, 0.1-0.3 part of special conductive carbon black and 100 parts of water.

Preferably, the material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05 part of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 3 parts of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 1 part of water-soluble carbon black, 0.2 part of special conductive carbon black and 100 parts of water.

The particle size of the water-soluble carbon black and the specific conductive carbon black is 800 meshes.

The bentonite dispersion suspending agent is sodium bentonite.

The method for preparing the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Preparing a film forming agent suspension: adding water at 40-45 ℃ into the film forming agent SBR emulsion, stirring until no lump exists, and then adding bentonite dispersion suspending agent;

(2) Preparation of conductive material: uniformly mixing water-soluble carbon black and special conductive carbon black;

(3) Preparation of the slurry: and slowly and uniformly pouring the film forming agent suspension into the conductive material, and stirring until the film forming agent suspension is uniformly mixed.

The water temperature is preferably 45 ℃.

The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the warming nano slurry for the greenhouse, standing for 24 hours, and then constructing, wherein the specific construction method comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying the paint on the surface of a greenhouse back wall or a rammed earth wall, wherein the spraying thickness is 0.5-1mm.

The SBR latex is water-soluble hydrophobic latex and a gelatinous film forming agent, plays a key role in the slurry, and is easy to peel after film forming, so that the caking property of the slurry is improved by adding bentonite dispersion suspending agent, and the slurry is organically combined with a rammed earth layer; the water-soluble carbon black and the special conductive carbon black are infiltrated into the film forming agent and uniformly mixed; when the film is directly formed after spraying, a film insoluble in water is formed, and after bentonite is added, the film can be firmly adhered to the surface of a wall body for a long time without falling off under the high-humidity environment of a greenhouse after the film is formed.

The SBR styrene-butadiene latex belongs to a curing agent with extremely strong viscosity, is not easy to fall off after being sprayed and cured into a film, and can greatly absorb light energy and store a large amount of heat energy due to the addition of the conductive carbon black.

The SBR emulsion can ensure that the SBR emulsion can still keep lasting and durable in a wet environment after being finally formed into a film, and can strengthen the surface layer of the soil tamper wall. The utility model uses warm water with the temperature of 40-45 ℃ to dilute the emulsion, which is beneficial to the dilution of the emulsion and can further lead the conductive carbon black to be easy to be evenly dispersed. In winter, agglomeration is placed, and mixed and diluted by warm water at 45 ℃.

The warming nano slurry for the greenhouse has the functions of absorbing heat and storing energy, and the special conductive carbon black micro powder is added into the slurry, so that the slurry can absorb light energy and convert the light energy into heat effect, and the time for storing energy and releasing the heat of the slurry is prolonged.

The addition of bentonite is more beneficial to the uniform dispersion of the conductive carbon black, the slurry is not subjected to agglomeration and cracking as a whole, layering is not caused, the main material conductive carbon black and the special conductive carbon black are not arranged at the bottom, so that the coating is uneven, and meanwhile, the bentonite can also increase the adhesion degree of the coating. The sodium-based Peng wetting body is an inorganic suspending agent and is also an inorganic adhesive, and can be well firmly bonded with the rammed earth layer.

The specific principle of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse of the utility model is as follows: the solar light irradiates on the coating prepared by the slurry, the light energy enables the coating to generate a certain amount of particle ions, and the particle ions and the coated wall form conductive performance, so that energy is further stored, and heat energy is enabled to penetrate into the wall deeper; at night or on the cloudy day, the heat energy permeated into the wall body is slowly released into the greenhouse, so that the temperature drop in the greenhouse is further slowed down, and the heating effect is effectively realized.

Generally, conductive carbon black is difficult to mix uniformly in liquid, and is easy to generate a lump phenomenon.

In the utility model, the following components are added: the water-soluble carbon black absorbs light best and does not fade with water; the special conductive carbon black can superimpose light energy in energy storage energy, so that heat can penetrate into the rammed soil layer more. Both materials are capable of absorbing light in the coating and do not reflect. Greatly increases the energy storage.

The finally formed coating is black, and the black object can absorb visible light and does not reflect light. The utility model utilizes carbon black to be uniformly mixed in the coating to absorb light energy, then stores the light energy into the coating and the wall body through photoelectric coupling, and converts the energy into heat energy to release when the temperature in the greenhouse is reduced, thereby maintaining the temperature in the greenhouse. Improve greenhouse output, save energy and reduce consumption, and is safe and reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results obtained in Experimental example 1;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of experimental example 2;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the experimental results of experimental example 3;

FIG. 4 shows the temperature results of the rammed earth layer described in Experimental example 1 as it goes deeper.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as is commonly understood by reference.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that equivalents of the specific embodiments described, as well as those known by routine experimentation, are intended to be encompassed within the present application.

The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The instruments used in the following examples are laboratory conventional instruments unless otherwise specified; the experimental materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores.

The water-soluble carbon black is produced by Jinan Kathon chemical industry Co., ltd, and the special conductive carbon black is 800-mesh special conductive carbon black produced by Jinan Hezhong chemical industry Co., ltd; the bentonite is sodium bentonite, and is sodium bentonite produced by Hebei Lingshou county five ore factories; the SBR hydrophobic styrene-butadiene latex used in the utility model is the SBR hydrophobic styrene-butadiene latex disclosed in the patent application number 201510636060.7.

Example 1: the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.07kg of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 2kg of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex micro powder, 1.5kg of water-soluble carbon black, 0.1kg of special conductive carbon black and 100kg of water. According to the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, water can be added to dilute the greenhouse.

The method for preparing the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Preparing a film forming agent suspension: adding water at 40 ℃ into the film forming agent SBR emulsion, stirring until no lump exists, and then adding bentonite dispersion suspending agent;

(2) Preparation of conductive material: uniformly mixing water-soluble carbon black and special conductive carbon black;

(3) Preparation of the slurry: and slowly and uniformly pouring the film forming agent suspension into the conductive material, and stirring until the film forming agent suspension is uniformly mixed.

The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the warming nano slurry for the greenhouse, standing for 24 hours, and then constructing, wherein the specific construction method comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying the paint on the surface of a greenhouse back wall or a rammed earth wall, wherein the spraying thickness is 1.0mm.

Example 2: the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05kg of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 3kg of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex micro powder, 1kg of water-soluble carbon black, 0.2kg of special conductive carbon black and 100kg of water. The preparation method of the energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse comprises the steps of adding 45 ℃ water into the SBR latex serving as a film forming agent, and the rest methods are the same as those in the embodiment 1. The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse is that the spraying thickness is 0.5mm. The remainder of the procedure was as described in example 1.

Example 3: the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1kg of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 4kg of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 2kg of water-soluble carbon black, 0.3kg of special conductive carbon black and 100kg of water. The preparation method of the energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse comprises the steps of adding 43 ℃ of water into the SBR latex serving as a film forming agent, and the rest of the method is the same as that described in the embodiment 1. The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse is that the spraying thickness is 0.8mm. The remainder of the procedure was as described in example 1.

The energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse is a completely black light-absorbing coating material and has high coverage rate. The slurry prepared by the utility model is sprayed on the rear wall of the greenhouse, and the effect is very obvious. Is favorable for heat preservation of the greenhouse and acceleration of growth of crops in the greenhouse. The temperature in the greenhouse at night can be increased by 7-11 ℃; meanwhile, the night heating time length can be prolonged by 5-7 hours.

The paint absorbs sunlight in the daytime and the rear wall stores a large amount of energy, so that the temperature rise in the daytime shed is not obvious, and the greenhouse rear wall slowly releases the heat energy stored in the daytime at night for about 5-8 hours, thereby being beneficial to the growth of root systems and fruits.

Pure black can absorb all visible light. Infrared is the most significant effect for thermal storage. And has a larger heat conversion function for electromagnetic waves and the like in other frequency bands. And part of special conductive carbon black micro powder is added into the formed coating, so that the coupling superposition heat storage effect is achieved.

The coating has strong light energy absorption and huge heat storage specificity, and can save electric energy by 30-45% in cold areas in winter. Thus, the cost for building the greenhouse in the initial stage can be saved. The heat preservation in the greenhouse is carried out for about 15 degrees in winter.

Through natural sunlight test, the temperature-increasing nano slurry coating for the greenhouse, which is prepared by the utility model, is in a windless strong state, the temperature can be raised to 70 ℃, the depth of the wall is about 15Cm, and the temperature of the wall body at the depth can be about 30 ℃. If the sheet (paint spray area) is heated with electrical energy, it requires a near kilowatt-hour. Therefore, the energy saving is very considerable.

The temperature of plant growth at night needs to be high at about 15 ℃, and the coating in the greenhouse slowly releases heat, so that the temperature range can be kept from 8 hours to 8 hours in the morning, and the temperature range can promote the plant to grow rapidly.

Experimental example 1: the effect of the energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse of the embodiment 2 of the utility model is detected in a greenhouse of Shanxi Changzhi city in 1 month. The greenhouse back wall ramming soil layer is coated with a coating layer with the thickness of 0.5mm, after illumination in the daytime, holes with the depth of 15cm are punched in the wall body, and the temperature of the wall body deep into the 15cm position is measured, so that the test of static wind in the greenhouse in the experimental process is implemented. The test results are shown in FIG. 1. The comparative example was that the wall was not subjected to any treatment, and then the temperature at which the wall was deep 15cm was measured. Experimental results show that the slurry coating can enable heat to enter the rammed earth layer for 15cm, the temperature can be kept at about 25 ℃, and the temperature of the rammed earth layer which is not treated for 15cm can be reduced to 5 ℃ at the lowest. After the temperature of the rammed earth wall along with the deep depth is detected at the same time point and the temperature change of the rammed earth wall which is not treated along with the deep depth is shown as a figure 4, the figure 4 shows that the coating can enable the rammed earth wall to reach the high temperature of 30 ℃ when being deep into 16cm, and the temperature of the rammed earth layer is reduced to 8 ℃ when being deep into 2cm without treatment, so that the coating can store energy effectively. Meanwhile, the coating can release heat for 8 hours, and the heat release time without treatment can only reach 3-4 hours.

Experimental example 2: the energy-collecting nano slurry special for the greenhouse of the embodiment 1 of the utility model is coated on the lower half part of the furnace ash pressing plate with the thickness of 1cm to replace a rammed soil layer of the greenhouse for an indoor experiment, the coating thickness is 0.5cm, the upper half part of the furnace ash pressing plate is not treated, and the specific treatment is shown in figure 2. Then placing the treated coating surface of the furnace ash pressing plate under illumination, and naturally illuminating from 9 to 10 points in the morning, and respectively testing the temperatures of the coating back plate of the furnace ash pressing plate and the untreated back plate after the illumination is finished; after the coating of the slurry of the utility model, the surface temperature of the back plate can reach 65 ℃ through detection, and the surface temperature of the back plate which is not treated is only 45 ℃. Obviously, the coating can achieve the effects of heat accumulation, heat preservation and energy storage.

Example 3: the effect of the energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse of the embodiment 3 of the utility model is detected in a greenhouse of Shanxi Changzhi city in 2 months. The greenhouse back wall ramming soil layer is coated with a coating layer with the thickness of 0.8mm, after illumination in the daytime, holes with the depth of 15cm are punched in the wall body, and the temperature of the wall body deep into the 15cm position is measured, so that the test of static wind in the greenhouse in the experimental process is implemented. The test results are shown in FIG. 3. The comparative example was that the wall was not subjected to any treatment, and then the temperature at which the wall was deep 15cm was measured. Experimental results show that the slurry coating can enable heat to enter a rammed earth layer for 15cm, the temperature can be kept at about 30 ℃ at 11 o' clock at night, and the temperature of the rammed earth layer which is not treated at 15cm deep can be reduced to 13 ℃ at the minimum.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (4)

1. An application method of energy-gathering nano slurry special for a greenhouse in warming the greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps: the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05-0.1 part of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 2-4 parts of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 1-2 parts of water-soluble carbon black, 0.1-0.3 part of special conductive carbon black and 100 parts of water; the particle sizes of the water-soluble carbon black and the special conductive carbon black are 800 meshes; the bentonite dispersion suspending agent is sodium bentonite;

the specific application method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse, standing for 24 hours, and then constructing, wherein the concrete construction method comprises the following steps: uniformly spraying the paint on the surface of a greenhouse back wall or a rammed earth wall, wherein the spraying thickness is 0.5-1mm.

2. The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the energy-accumulating nano slurry special for the greenhouse is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05 part of bentonite dispersion suspending agent, 3 parts of film forming agent SBR styrene butadiene latex, 1 part of water-soluble carbon black, 0.2 part of special conductive carbon black and 100 parts of water.

3. The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the specific preparation method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparing a film forming agent suspension: adding water at 40-45 ℃ into the film forming agent SBR emulsion, stirring until no lump exists, and then adding bentonite dispersion suspending agent;

(2) Preparation of conductive material: uniformly mixing water-soluble carbon black and special conductive carbon black;

(3) Preparation of the slurry: and slowly and uniformly pouring the film forming agent suspension into the conductive material, and stirring until the film forming agent suspension is uniformly mixed.

4. The application method of the energy-gathering nano slurry special for the greenhouse in the warming of the greenhouse according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the water temperature was 45 ℃.