CN114920586A - Ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114920586A CN114920586A CN202210670857.9A CN202210670857A CN114920586A CN 114920586 A CN114920586 A CN 114920586A CN 202210670857 A CN202210670857 A CN 202210670857A CN 114920586 A CN114920586 A CN 114920586A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body; s2, applying a semi-transparent glaze on the surface of the blank body, applying pattern penetrating ink, and then applying a transparent protective glaze, wherein the light transmittance of the semi-transparent glaze is 40-70%; s3, sintering at 1180-1235 ℃ for 60-80min, and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect. The method comprises the steps of sequentially applying semitransparent glaze and pattern penetrating ink with light transmittance of 40-70% on the surface of a green body, wherein the semitransparent glaze can cover the bottom color of the green body and does not influence the stereoscopic impression of pattern penetrating, the stereoscopic decorative effect of downward penetration of the pattern penetrating ink can be seen from the side when the green body is seen from top to bottom, then applying a layer of transparent protective glaze, and the stereoscopic patterns can be seen from the side of a green brick more clearly after the ceramic brick is polished and edged. The edging slag is selected as one of the semitransparent glaze preparation raw materials, so that the recycling problem of the edging slag is solved, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tile preparation, in particular to a ceramic tile with a three-dimensional decoration effect and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Since the ceramic tile is polished or edged in the production process to obtain a finished product with a better appearance, various waste residues, namely edging residues or polishing residues, are generated in the process. The waste residues are easy to pollute the environment during treatment, and simultaneously, the sustainable development of ceramic enterprises is also influenced.
At present, most of the waste residue treatment methods in the industry are used as blank raw materials to be mixed into blanks in a large quantity, but because the waste residue components of different types of ceramic products have large difference, the stability of the components cannot be ensured when various waste residues are mixed, and the quality of finished ceramic tiles is poor. The single kind of waste residue is less in production amount and cannot be used as a conventional raw material and can not be closely and continuously operated in the production process, so that the stability and continuity of the production quality are influenced.
The architectural ceramic product popular in the market at present mainly comprises a full-glazed ceramic tile, and the production process flow comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a blank, pouring a ground glaze layer, carrying out ink-jet decoration, pouring a protective glaze layer, firing and polishing, wherein the ground glaze layer is usually zirconium white glaze or an opaque glaze layer added with partial pigment, and the combined glaze layer of the ground glaze and the protective glaze of the fully-polished glaze product prepared by the process has almost no three-dimensional effect when viewed from the side, only one decorative layer is viewed from the front, and the three-dimensional decorative effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a ceramic tile with a three-dimensional decoration effect and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the three-dimensional decoration effect of a full-glazed ceramic tile prepared by the existing preparation process is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation process of a ceramic tile with a three-dimensional decorative effect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body;
s2, applying a semi-transparent glaze on the surface of the blank body, applying pattern penetrating ink, and then applying a transparent protective glaze, wherein the light transmittance of the semi-transparent glaze is 40-70%;
s3, sintering at 1180-1235 ℃ for 60-80min, and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect.
The scheme adopts the conventional material distribution technology in ceramic production, for example, a material distributor is used for distributing ceramic powder (raw material), wherein the raw material for producing the blank does not need special limitation, the raw material for producing the blank in the current ceramic industry can be any raw material for producing the blank, and then a press is used for pressing the raw material for the blank; after a blank body is obtained, firstly applying translucent glaze on the surface of the blank body, and then applying the pattern-bleeding ink, wherein the light transmittance of the translucent glaze is required to be controlled within the range of 40-70%, and thus, the matching pattern is formed by matching the pattern-bleeding ink with the translucent glaze serving as the ground coat. The pattern of the ink often oozes and includes three kinds of colors at least, print the ink of oozing and flower of the corresponding color to the surface of semitransparent glaze through the ink-jet printer, make the ink of oozing and flower penetrate and form in the semitransparent glaze, this scheme chooses the semitransparent glaze with the light transmittance of 40-70%, mainly because choose the background color that the body appears in the transparent glaze easily, influence the aesthetic effect of the product, choose the glaze with too little light transmittance to influence the longitudinal stereoscopic effect of the glaze layer, and the semitransparent glaze can not influence the body background color, does not influence the stereoscopic impression of oozing and flower, from the top down, look from the side, can see the stereoscopic decorative effect that the ink of oozing and flower penetrates downwards, apply a layer of transparent protective glaze afterwards, can be comparatively clear see the stereoscopic pattern from the brick side after polishing, edging to the ceramic tile finished.
In this scheme, the elastic module is usually adopted to polish the ceramic tile, and then the edge grinding step can be performed to obtain a finished product with better quality.
Preferably, the translucent glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 85-95% of raw materials for glaze and 5-15% of edging slag; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-10 parts of albite, 15-25 parts of quartz, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5-10 parts of wollastonite powder, 1-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
According to the scheme, the edging slag is selected as one of raw materials, only one edging slag is used as the raw material in the production of ceramic tiles of the same batch, and the addition amount of the edging slag is controlled within the range of 5-15%, so that the stability of the prepared ceramic tiles is relatively controllable, and meanwhile, the ceramic tile production waste is reasonably utilized as one of the raw materials for preparing the semitransparent glaze, so that the problem of recycling of the edging slag is solved, and the ceramic tile semi-transparent glaze is more energy-saving and environment-friendly. It should be noted that the edging slag in the raw materials is mainly obtained in the cutting of the edging procedure of the glazed brick, and comprises a blank component and a glaze layer component, which is beneficial to improving the combination stability of the blank and the (high-temperature) translucent glaze. The chemical composition of the edging slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 60-65％、Al 2 O 3 16-21％、Fe 2 O 3 1-3％、CaO 2-5％、K 2 O 2-3％、Na 2 0.5 to 2 percent of O, 1 to 2 percent of MgO and the balance of impurities. In other embodiments, the chemical group of the edging slagThe formation is different according to different types of ceramic tiles for obtaining the edging slag, and the chemical composition of the edging slag can be adaptively changed in the production of ceramic tiles of different batches.
The other component of the translucent glaze is a raw material for glaze, the raw material for glaze can be any raw material for glaze in the existing ceramic production, and the scheme provides a raw material for glaze which can be directly used, and comprises the following components: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-10 parts of albite, 15-25 parts of quartz, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5-10 parts of wollastonite powder, 1-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate, and in other embodiments, the use of the raw materials can be adaptively changed.
In the scheme, the semi-transparent glaze raw material does not generally adopt polishing waste residues, the polishing waste residues are the surface layer of a polished brick (surface unglazed) or the surface glaze layer of the polished brick, and the blank body component and the glaze layer component are not simultaneously contained, so that the blank glaze binding property is not facilitated.
Preferably, in the step S2, after the translucent glaze is applied, drying is performed, and then the pattern-bleeding ink is applied, wherein the drying time is 1-2min, and the drying temperature is 100-. After the semi-transparent glaze is applied, a drying procedure is added, the moisture in the semi-transparent glaze is dried by controlling the parameters of the drying procedure, and the penetration depth of the pattern penetrating ink is favorably improved when the pattern penetrating ink is subsequently applied, so that the three-dimensional decoration effect of the ceramic tile is further improved.
Preferably, the viscosity of the translucent glaze at 1180-1235 ℃ at high temperature is 9000-12000 Pa-s. Within the viscosity range, the high-temperature fluidity of the translucent glaze is small, the influence on the vertical penetration of the pattern-penetrating ink is small, and the three-dimensional decoration effect of the ceramic tile is further improved.
Preferably, the thickness of the translucent glaze is 1-2.5mm, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.85, and the glazing amount is 400- 2 . The thickness of the translucent glaze is controlled to be 1-2.5mm, and the glazing amount is controlled to be 400-1000g/m 2 Therefore, the three-dimensional depth feeling is enhanced, and the pattern penetrating ink can well penetrate into the translucent glaze.
Preferably, the transparent protective glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-20 parts of albite, 10-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 7-9 parts of water-washed kaolin, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 5-7 parts of wollastonite, 2-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate;
the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 300-900 nm.
After the printing process of the pattern-seeping ink is finished, the transparent protective glaze is continuously distributed on the surface of the pattern-seeping ink in a glaze pouring mode, so that the pattern formed by internal ink-jet printing is well protected. The fineness of the transparent protective glaze is controlled below 600 meshes, so that the surface of a blank after ink-jet printing can be uniformly covered, and the structure is uniform and compact after melting. According to the scheme, the transparent protective glaze raw material is not conventional silicon dioxide, but nanoscale silicon dioxide (powder) is adopted as one of the raw materials, and the nanoscale silicon dioxide can be well filled in micropores formed by reaction of the semitransparent glaze after being sintered and melted, so that the antifouling capacity of the surface of a ceramic tile product is improved.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57.1-65.3％、Al 2 O 3 9.2-14.2％、SrO 0.9-1.7％、K 2 O 2.1-3.5％、Na 2 1.6 to 2.9 percent of O, 3.9 to 5.7 percent of CaO, 1.2 to 3.3 percent of ZnO, 3.1 to 8.5 percent of BaO, 2.1 to 3.3 percent of MgO and 5.6 to 8.3 percent of loss on ignition.
In another embodiment, the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze is changed when the raw material of the transparent protective glaze is adjusted.
Preferably, the fineness of the transparent protective glaze is below 600 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.80, and the glazing amount is 380- 2 。
Preferably, before step S2, water or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is sprayed on the surface of the blank.
The glaze layer applied by the semitransparent glaze is thick, so that gas on the surface layer of the blank body needs to be removed in advance, otherwise the gas is easy to bubble in the subsequent production process to break through the semitransparent glaze layer, water can be sprayed in the scheme, and a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution can be sprayed, wherein the ratio of methyl to water in the mass ratio is 0.6-1.2: 100, the main function is to moisten the surface of the blank in advance to form a certain blocking effect of the colloidal liquid, so as to prevent the water of the translucent glaze from permeating into the blank too fast and reduce the subsequent foaming phenomenon.
The invention also provides a ceramic tile with a three-dimensional decoration effect, which is prepared by the preparation process of any one of the ceramic tiles with the three-dimensional decoration effect. Referring to the above embodiments, since the ceramic tile with the stereoscopic decoration effect adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least all the effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are provided, and no further description is given here.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. applying a semi-transparent glaze on the surface of a green body, and then applying a pattern penetrating ink, wherein the light transmittance of the semi-transparent glaze is controlled to be 40-70%, the pattern penetrating ink penetrates into the semi-transparent glaze to form a three-dimensional effect, the semi-transparent glaze can cover the ground color of the green body and does not influence the three-dimensional effect of pattern penetrating, when viewed from the top down, the three-dimensional decorative effect of downward penetration of the pattern penetrating ink can be seen from the side, then applying a layer of transparent protective glaze, and after polishing and edging of the ceramic tile, the three-dimensional patterns can be seen from the side of the tile blank more clearly.
2. The edging slag is selected as one of the raw materials of the translucent glaze, so that the recycling problem of the edging slag is solved, and the translucent glaze is more energy-saving and environment-friendly. The edging slag comprises a green body component and a glaze layer component, which is beneficial to improving the combination stability of the green body and the high-temperature translucent glaze, and because the edging slag is sintered once in the preparation process of the original product, volatile gas contained in the edging slag is decomposed and is not easy to foam, the edging slag is suitable for being used as an intermediate layer of the green body and the transparent protective glaze.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect provided by the present application.
In the drawings: 1-blank, 2-translucent glaze, 3-penetrating flower ink and 4-transparent protective glaze.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the object of the present application will be further explained with reference to the embodiments, and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation process of ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body 1;
s2, spraying water or a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution on the surface of the blank body 1, then applying a translucent glaze 2 on the surface of the blank body 1, drying at the temperature of 100-180 ℃ for 1-2min, applying a pattern-penetrating ink 3, and then applying a transparent protective glaze 4, wherein the light transmittance of the translucent glaze 2 is 40-70%;
the translucent glaze 2 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 85-95% of raw materials for glaze and 5-15% of edging slag;
the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-10 parts of albite, 15-25 parts of quartz, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5-10 parts of wollastonite powder, 1-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate;
the high-temperature viscosity of the translucent glaze 2 at 1180-1235 ℃ is 9000-12000 Pa.s, the thickness of the translucent glaze 2 is 1-2.5mm, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.85, and the glazing amount is 400-1000 g/m- 2 ；
The transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-20 parts of albite, 10-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 7-9 parts of water-washed kaolin, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 5-7 parts of wollastonite, 2-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate, wherein the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 300-900 nm;
the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 57.1-65.3％、Al 2 O 3 9.2-14.2％、SrO 0.9-1.7％、K 2 O 2.1-3.5％、Na 2 1.6 to 2.9 percent of O, 3.9 to 5.7 percent of CaO, 1.2 to 3.3 percent of ZnO, 3.1 to 8.5 percent of BaO, 2.1 to 3.3 percent of MgO and 5.6 to 8.3 percent of loss on ignition.
The fineness of the transparent protective glaze 4 is below 600 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.80, and the glazing amount is 380- 2 ；
S3, sintering at the highest sintering temperature of 1180-1235 ℃ for 60-80min, and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be understood as merely illustrative and not limitative.
Example 1
A preparation process of ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body 1;
s2, spraying water on the surface of the blank body 1, then applying a translucent glaze 2 on the surface of the blank body 1, applying a pattern-penetrating ink 3, and then applying a transparent protective glaze 4, wherein the light transmittance of the translucent glaze 2 is 43%;
the translucent glaze 2 (raw material for glaze) comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of albite, 23 parts of quartz, 8 parts of dolomite, 6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 9 parts of wollastonite powder, 4 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 10 parts of barium carbonate;
the viscosity of the translucent glaze 2 at 1215 ℃ is 12600Pa s, the thickness of the translucent glaze 2 is 2mm, the specific gravity is 1.75, and the glazing amount is 800g/m 2 ；
The transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21 parts of potassium feldspar, 17 parts of albite, 10 parts of silicon dioxide powder, 9 parts of quartz powder, 5 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 parts of water-washed kaolin, 7 parts of dolomite powder, 5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 7 parts of wollastonite powder, 3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 8 parts of barium carbonate and 1 part of strontium carbonate;
the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 58.9％、Al 2 O 3 11.2％、SrO 0.7％、K 2 O 2.3％、Na 2 2.2% of O, 5.5% of CaO, 2.9% of ZnO, 6.3% of BaO, 3.1% of MgO and 6.9% of loss on ignition;
the fineness of the transparent protective glaze 4 is below 600 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.80, and the glazing amount is 500g/m 2 ；
S3, firing at 1215 ℃ for 76min, polishing and edging to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decorative effect.
Example 2
A preparation process of ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body 1;
s2, spraying a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution on the surface of the blank body 1, then applying a translucent glaze 2 on the surface of the blank body 1, applying a pattern-penetrating ink 3, and then applying a transparent protective glaze 4, wherein the light transmittance of the translucent glaze 2 is 70%;
the translucent glaze 2 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of nepheline, 10 parts of albite, 15 parts of quartz, 6 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 10 parts of wollastonite powder, 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 10 parts of barium carbonate and 7 parts of calcined kaolin;
the viscosity of the translucent glaze 2 at 1180 ℃ is 10000 Pa.s, and the thickness of the translucent glaze 2The degree is 1.1mm, the specific gravity is 1.85, and the glazing amount is 420g/m 2 ；
The transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of albite, 11 parts of silicon dioxide powder, 10 parts of quartz powder, 3 parts of calcined kaolin, 9 parts of water-washed kaolin, 8 parts of dolomite powder, 3 parts of calcined talcum powder, 6 parts of wollastonite powder, 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 6 parts of barium carbonate and 2 parts of strontium carbonate;
the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 60.8％、Al 2 O 3 11.9％、SrO 1.4％、K 2 O 2.7％、Na 2 2.1% of O, 5.2% of CaO, 1.9% of ZnO, 4.7% of BaO, 2.1% of MgO and 7.2% of loss on ignition;
the fineness of the transparent protective glaze 4 is below 600 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.75, and the glazing amount is 380g/m 2 ；
S3, firing at 1180 ℃ for 60min and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect.
Example 3
A preparation process of ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect comprises the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body 1;
s2, spraying a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution on the surface of the blank body 1, then applying a translucent glaze 2 on the surface of the blank body 1, applying a pattern penetrating ink 3, and then applying a transparent protective glaze 4, wherein the light transmittance of the translucent glaze 2 is 56%;
the translucent glaze 2 (raw material for glaze) comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of albite, 16 parts of quartz, 8 parts of dolomite, 6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 10 parts of wollastonite powder, 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 10 parts of barium carbonate;
the viscosity of the translucent glaze 2 at 1200 ℃ is 11500 Pa.s, the thickness of the translucent glaze 2 is 2.5mm, the specific gravity is 1.8, and the glazing amount is 1000g/m 2 ；
The transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of albite, 15 parts of silicon dioxide powder, 7 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined kaolin, 8 parts of washed kaolin, 3 parts of dolomite powder, 4 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5 parts of wollastonite powder, 3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5 parts of barium carbonate and 1 part of strontium carbonate;
the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 64.6％、Al 2 O 3 12.8％、SrO 0.7％、K 2 O 2.5％、Na 2 2.6% of O, 3.3% of CaO, 2.9% of ZnO, 3.9% of BaO, 1.9% of MgO and 4.8% of loss on ignition;
the fineness of the transparent protective glaze 4 is below 600 meshes, the specific gravity is 1.78, and the glazing amount is 420g/m 2 ；
S3, firing at 1200 ℃ for 70min, and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect.
Note: the blank for manufacturing the blank body 1 in the embodiments 1 to 3 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 63.2％、Al 2 O 3 22.1％、K 2 O 3.4％、Na 2 3.6 percent of O, 0.6 percent of CaO, 0.9 percent of MgO and 6.2 percent of loss on ignition.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example has the same parameters as example 1 except that: replacing the translucent glaze 2 with a conventional ground glaze, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of albite, 25 parts of quartz, 16 parts of calcined kaolin, 6 parts of washing kaolin, 8 parts of alumina and 5 parts of zirconium silicate; the light transmittance of the conventional under coat is usually 0.3 to 1.2%, and that of the present comparative example is 1%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example has the same parameters as example 2 except that: the translucent glaze 2 is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of nepheline, 35 parts of albite, 10 parts of quartz, 2 parts of dolomite, 1 part of calcined talcum powder, 7 parts of wollastonite powder, 10 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 5 parts of barium carbonate; the light transmittance of the translucent glaze is 80%, and the ground color of the blank is penetrated.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example has the same parameters as example 2 except that: replacing the translucent glaze 2 with a conventional ground glaze, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of nepheline, 10 parts of albite, 15 parts of quartz, 6 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of calcined talcum powder, 10 parts of wollastonite powder, 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 10 parts of barium carbonate and 7 parts of calcined kaolin; the light transmittance of the ground coat was 27%.
The examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a performance test in which the three-dimensional decorative effect was directly observed by naked eyes, and the specific test results are as follows:
results of Performance testing
| Detecting items | Three-dimensional decorative effect | Antifouling properties | Flexural strength/Mpa | Degree of gloss |
| Example 1 | |
4 stage | 41.4 | 53 |
| Example 2 | |
4 stage | 41.2 | 58 |
| Example 3 | Is excellent in | 4 stage | 41.3 | 55 |
| Comparative example 1 | Difference (D) | 4 stage | 41.2 | 50 |
| Comparative example 2 | In general | 4 stage | 41.7 | 53 |
| Comparative example 3 | Difference (D) | |
41.6 | 52 |
The three-dimensional decorative effect is directly observed by naked eyes, and the test result shows that the three-dimensional decorative effect is excellent, good and general.
From the test results of the above table, it can be seen that, since the pattern-bleeding ink 3 bleeds into the translucent glaze 2 and the light transmittance of the translucent glaze 2 is controlled within the range of 40-80%, the ceramic tile with the stereoscopic decorative effect of the invention has a better overall stereoscopic decorative effect, and the glossiness can be controlled within the range of 50-57.
Example 4
The parameters of this embodiment are consistent with those of embodiment 2, and the differences are only that: the translucent glaze 2 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 88 percent of raw materials for glaze and 12 percent of edging slag, wherein the raw materials for glaze are consistent with the raw materials in the example 1, namely the raw materials for glaze comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of albite, 23 parts of quartz, 8 parts of dolomite, 6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 9 parts of wollastonite powder, 4 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 10 parts of barium carbonate. At this time, the translucent glaze 2 had a light transmittance of 67% and the translucent glaze 2 had a high temperature viscosity of 10800Pa · s at 1215 ℃.
Comparative example 4
The comparative examples have the same parameters as example 2 except that: the translucent glaze 2 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 88 percent of glaze raw materials (the components are the same as above) and 12 percent of polishing slag.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example has the same parameters as example 2 except that: the translucent glaze 2 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 88 percent of glaze raw materials (the components are the same as above), 6 percent of polishing slag and 6 percent of edging slag.
The example 4 and the comparative examples 4 to 5 were subjected to performance tests in which the three-dimensional decorative effect was directly observed by naked eyes, and the specific test results are as follows:
results of Performance testing
| Detecting items | Three-dimensional decorative effect | Antifouling properties | Flexural strength/Mpa | |
| Example 2 | Is good | 4 stage | 41.2 | |
| Example 4 | Is good | 4 stage | 41.6 | |
| Comparative example 4 | In | Grade | 3 | 40.5 |
| Comparative example 5 | In | Grade | 3 | 40.2 |
From the test results in the table, it can be seen that after part of the raw materials in the translucent glaze 2 is replaced by the edging slag, the corresponding breaking strength and antifouling performance of the ceramic tile are not reduced, and meanwhile, the ceramic tile has a good three-dimensional decoration effect. After the polishing slag is introduced, the three-dimensional decoration effect, the strength and the antifouling performance of the ceramic tile are reduced to different degrees.
Example 5
The parameters of this example are consistent with those of example 4, and the difference is only that: the glazing amount of the translucent glaze 2 is 800g/m 2 The thickness is 2 mm.
Example 6
The parameters of this example are consistent with those of example 4, and the difference is only that: after the translucent glaze 2 is applied, drying is carried out, and then the pattern penetrating ink 3 is applied, wherein the drying time is 1min, and the drying temperature is 150 ℃.
Example 7
The parameters of this example are consistent with those of example 5, and the difference is only that: the raw material silicon dioxide powder (the original particle size is 0.02-0.15mm) in the transparent protective glaze 4 is adjusted into nano silicon dioxide powder, and the size of the nano silicon dioxide powder is 500 nm.
The examples 5-7 were tested for performance, and the specific test results are shown in the following table:
results of Performance testing
| Detecting items | Three-dimensional decorative effect | Antifouling properties | Flexural strength/Mpa | Degree of gloss |
| Example 4 | Is good | 4 stage | 41.6 | 52 |
| Example 5 | Is excellent in | |
41.7 | 53 |
| Example 6 | Is excellent in | 4 stage | 41.8 | 53 |
| Example 7 | Is excellent in | Grade 5 | 43.9 | 55 |
From the test results in the table above, it can be seen that the stereoscopic decorative effect of the ceramic tile is improved when the application thickness of the translucent glaze 2 is increased; similarly, the three-dimensional decoration effect of the ceramic tile can be improved after a drying process is added before the pattern-penetrated ink 3 is applied. In addition, when the raw material of the transparent protective glaze 4 is replaced by the conventional silicon dioxide powder into the nano silicon dioxide powder with smaller granularity, the antifouling performance and the breaking strength of the ceramic tile are improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the present specification and directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, distributing and pressing a blank by using raw materials to obtain a blank body;
s2, applying a semi-transparent glaze on the surface of the blank body, applying pattern penetrating ink, and then applying a transparent protective glaze, wherein the light transmittance of the semi-transparent glaze is 40-70%;
s3, sintering at 1180-1235 ℃ for 60-80min, and polishing to obtain the ceramic tile with the three-dimensional decoration effect.
2. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with stereoscopic decorative effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the translucent glaze comprises the following raw materials by mass percent: 85-95% of raw materials for glaze and 5-15% of edging slag;
the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 5-10 parts of albite, 15-25 parts of quartz, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-6 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5-10 parts of wollastonite powder, 1-5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
3. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decoration effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, after the translucent glaze is applied, drying is performed and then the ink is applied, wherein the drying time is 1-2min, and the drying temperature is 100-180 ℃.
4. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decorative effect as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscosity of the translucent glaze at 1180-1235 ℃ is 9000-12000 Pa-s.
5. The process for preparing ceramic tile with three-dimensional decorative effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the translucent glaze is 1-2.5mm, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.85, and the glazing amount is 400-1000 g/m- 2 。
6. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with stereoscopic decorative effects according to claim 1, wherein the transparent protective glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 15-20 parts of albite, 10-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 5-10 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of calcined kaolin, 7-9 parts of water-washed kaolin, 3-8 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 5-7 parts of wollastonite, 2-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of barium carbonate and 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate;
the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 300-900 nm.
7. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with stereoscopic decorative effect according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the chemical composition of the transparent protective glaze comprises, in mass percent, the following: SiO 2 2 57.1-65.3％、Al 2 O 3 9.2-14.2％、SrO 0.9-1.7％、K 2 O 2.1-3.5％、Na 2 1.6 to 2.9 percent of O, 3.9 to 5.7 percent of CaO, 1.2 to 3.3 percent of ZnO, 3.1 to 8.5 percent of BaO, 2.1 to 3.3 percent of MgO and 5.6 to 8.3 percent of loss on ignition.
8. The process for preparing ceramic tile with three-dimensional decorative effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the transparent protective glaze is below 600 mesh, the specific gravity is 1.75-1.80, and the glazing amount is 380- 2 。
9. The process for preparing ceramic tiles with three-dimensional decorative effect according to claim 1, wherein before step S2, water or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is sprayed on the surface of the blank.
10. A ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect, which is prepared by the process for preparing the ceramic tile with three-dimensional decoration effect as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN116283230A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-06-23 | 广东简一(集团)陶瓷有限公司 | Locally-transparent marble tile and preparation process thereof |
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