CN114920507B - Tough formaldehyde-purifying geopolymer-based ecological plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Tough formaldehyde-purifying geopolymer-based ecological plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114920507B
CN114920507B CN202210698696.4A CN202210698696A CN114920507B CN 114920507 B CN114920507 B CN 114920507B CN 202210698696 A CN202210698696 A CN 202210698696A CN 114920507 B CN114920507 B CN 114920507B
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parts
geopolymer
tough
fiber
ecological plate
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CN114920507A (en
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张新荔
李振洋
申达智
张祖华
吴义强
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
    • C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/246—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from waste building materials, e.g. waste asbestos-cement products, demolition waste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract

The invention discloses a tough formaldehyde-purifying geopolymer-based ecological plate which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: aluminum-silicon powder: 180-300 parts; nanocellulose solution: 30-56 parts; one-component polyurea resin: 4-8 parts of a lubricant; alkali-exciting agent: 140-330 parts. The ternary interpenetrating polymer network obtained by the synergistic reaction of the nanocellulose, the polyurea and the geopolymer is beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the durability and other properties of the ecological plate. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and nontoxic in all main raw materials, rich in sources, low in price and excellent in performance, and the low cost, high strength and extremely high cost performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate are ensured. The tough formaldehyde-free polymer-based ecological plate is ecological and environment-friendly, has no formaldehyde and no harm, has a formaldehyde-free function, has excellent mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and heat preservation performance, and also has good water resistance and corrosion resistance.

Description

Tough formaldehyde-purifying geopolymer-based ecological plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building decoration materials, and particularly relates to a geopolymer-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The geopolymer is one of the most potential substitutes of common Portland cement, has the outstanding advantages of low production cost, simple and convenient preparation process, low carbon, environmental protection, early strength, quick hardening, fire resistance, heat insulation, water resistance, moisture resistance, radiation resistance and the like, and has wide application prospect in the field of building decoration materials. However, the geopolymer has the defect of high brittleness, and in order to improve the toughness, various fiber materials are generally used for compounding with the geopolymer, wherein the plant fiber is used for toughening the geopolymer, so that the geopolymer has extremely high ecological advantages and environmental protection value. At present, technology for preparing composite boards such as fiber boards, shaving boards and the like by utilizing geopolymers exists in the building material industry.
However, there is no technical report in the prior art on the combined modification treatment of the geopolymer matrix and the fibers. As is well known, the geopolymer is an inorganic cementing material, the plant fiber is a natural organic polymer, and the problem of poor interfacial compatibility exists between the strong alkaline inorganic matrix and the organic fiber material, which is very easy to cause important defects of low mechanical strength, poor durability in use and the like of the geopolymer-based composite board, and limits the practical application of the geopolymer-based composite board.
In addition, in recent years, an emerging board called an "ecological board" has appeared in the market of building decoration materials, which is essentially a board made by coating a base material surface of a joinery board, a plywood, a shaving board or a fiber board with a layer of impregnated bond paper, and hot-pressing the board, also called a paint-free board or a melamine board, and these products are mostly declared to be "ecological", "environment-friendly", and some products show that formaldehyde release amount reaches E0 level, but in fact, it is not zero formaldehyde. Most of adhesives used for preparing plates are aldehyde-containing adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin, phenolic resin and melamine formaldehyde resin. Toxic substances such as formaldehyde are inevitably released in the production and use processes, and the release period is as long as 15 years, thereby causing serious harm to the environment and health.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a geopolymer-based ecological plate with good mechanical properties, good weather resistance and less formaldehyde release and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects and the shortcomings in the background technology, and provides a tough formaldehyde-free geopolymer-based ecological plate which is ecological and environment-friendly, free of formaldehyde, harmless, excellent in mechanical property and weather resistance and a preparation method thereof. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
aluminum-silicon powder: 180-300 parts;
nanocellulose solution: 30-56 parts;
one-component polyurea resin: 4-8 parts of a lubricant;
alkali-exciting agent: 140-330 parts.
In the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the aluminum-silicon powder comprises one or more of metakaolin, fly ash, blast furnace slag or waste brick powder; the granularity range of the aluminum-silicon powder is 1-100 mu m.
In the tough clean aldehyde polymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the alkali-activator is one or a combination of two of sodium water glass with a modulus of 1-2 and potassium water glass with a modulus of 1-2.
In the tough clean aldehyde polymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the nanocellulose solution is nanocellulose aqueous dispersion with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.5%.
In the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the raw materials further comprise 27-45 parts of modified plant fibers and 1-7 parts of waste mask scraps.
In the tough clean aldehyde polymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the modified plant fiber is a plant fiber subjected to combined coating treatment of nano clay and a silane coupling agent; the combined coating treatment is to uniformly spray the silane coupling agent on the surface of the plant fiber and then blend the plant fiber with the nano clay. The invention adopts the nano clay and the silane coupling agent to carry out synergistic modification based on better interfacial compatibility, the silane coupling agent can play a role in bridging between plant fibers and inorganic matrixes, the nano clay has good compatibility with aluminum-silicon powder, and the nano clay can play a role in protecting the surfaces of the plant fibers. The modified plant fiber after the combined coating treatment has better compatibility with the nanocellulose-geopolymer-polyurea ternary interpenetrating polymer network.
In the tough formaldehyde-purifying polymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the nano clay comprises one or more of montmorillonite, kaolin or vermiculite powder; the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH550, Z-6020 or A151; the plant fiber is one or more of wood fiber, bamboo fiber, fibrilia, reed fiber, crop straw fiber, coconut fiber or oil palm fiber with the length of 0.2-150 mm.
In the tough formaldehyde-removing geopolymer-based ecological plate, preferably, the waste mask scraps are obtained by crushing and microwave treatment of the waste mask after the ear bands and nose bridge strips are removed, and the size of the waste mask scraps is controlled to be smaller than 5mm. The above dimensions are determined by screen sieving. Since the global outbreak of new coronaviruses, a great deal of medical waste such as disposable masks has caused more serious environmental pollution problems. The invention can strengthen the geopolymer and realize the recycling of the disposable mask at the same time, thereby achieving the purpose of multiple purposes. The waste mask can increase the surface energy of polypropylene and achieve the aim of sterilization after being crushed and subjected to microwave treatment, and is easy to disperse in a geopolymer matrix to achieve the enhancement effect.
As a general technical conception, the invention also provides a preparation method of the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 30-56 parts by weight of nano cellulose solution, 4-8 parts by weight of single-component polyurea resin and 140-330 parts by weight of alkali excitant, adding 180-300 parts by weight of aluminum-silicon powder, and stirring and mixing to obtain modified geopolymer slurry;
(2) Adding 27-45 parts by weight of modified plant fibers and 1-7 parts by weight of waste mask fragments into the modified geopolymer slurry, and stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) Transferring the mixed slurry into a mould, paving and flattening, locking the mould, then placing the mould on an artificial board hot press for pressing, unloading and curing to obtain the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological board.
In the preparation method, preferably, the pressure is controlled to be 2.0-5.0MPa during pressing, the temperature is controlled to be room temperature-85 ℃, the pressing time is controlled to be 12-24 hours, and the curing is carried out at room temperature to 28 days of age during curing.
The invention forms a nano cellulose-geopolymer-polyurea ternary interpenetrating polymer network by a geopolymer reaction in an alkali excitation environment containing nano cellulose and polyurea, which is used for carrying out chemical toughening treatment on a geopolymer matrix. The nanocellulose flexible macromolecule not only can enhance the toughness of the geopolymer, but also can play an internal curing role on the geopolymer, and the shrinkage rate and cracks of the geopolymer are reduced. The polyurea resin has excellent flexibility and impact resistance, and can remarkably improve the strength and toughness of the geopolymer. The addition of modified plant fiber and waste mask scraps (the main material is polypropylene) is beneficial to reducing the density of the geopolymer while physically toughening the geopolymer matrix. The ternary interpenetrating polymer network obtained by the synergistic reaction of the nanocellulose, the polyurea and the geopolymer is beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the durability and other properties of the ecological plate. In addition, the coordination effect of the ternary interpenetrating polymer network and the modified plant fiber is better, which is more beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance of the ecological plate. The mode of carrying out the combined treatment on the geopolymer matrix and the fiber material can greatly improve the interface performance, the mechanical strength and the durability of the composite material.
Compared with other plant fiber reinforced geopolymer composite boards, the matrix modification method and the reinforcing material treatment technology are advanced, the matrix is chemically toughened, and meanwhile, the physical reinforcement and toughening and the light weight are carried out on the matrix by utilizing plant fibers and a waste mask, so that the geopolymer-based ecological board has a rich zeolite-like micropore structure, and has the outstanding advantages of high strength, toughness, formaldehyde removal and stable forming technology while being truly ecological and environment-friendly. In the whole, the plate solves the key problems of insufficient toughness and poor durability of the plant fiber geopolymer composite material, and the composite plate is truly ecological and environment-friendly, has no formaldehyde and no harm, has a formaldehyde purifying function, and simultaneously has excellent mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and heat preservation performance, good water resistance and corrosion resistance; and the forming process is simple and easy to operate, has low energy consumption, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the ternary interpenetrating polymer network obtained by the synergistic reaction of the nanocellulose, the polyurea and the geopolymer is beneficial to improving the mechanical property, the durability and other properties of the ecological plate.
2. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and nontoxic in all main raw materials, rich in sources, low in price and excellent in performance, and the low cost, high strength and extremely high cost performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate are ensured.
3. The tough formaldehyde-free polymer-based ecological plate is ecological and environment-friendly, has no formaldehyde and no harm, has a formaldehyde-free function, has excellent mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and heat preservation performance, and also has good water resistance and corrosion resistance.
4. The preparation method of the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate is simple, convenient and easy to operate, low in energy consumption, various in size specification, capable of meeting application requirements of different occasions, and suitable for industrial popularization and production application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the preferred embodiments for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods. Other types and parameters of the raw materials, raw material concentrations, and the like used in the following examples are also applicable as long as they meet the requirements, and the examples are only examples of several possible.
Example 1:
a tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
aluminum-silicon powder: 180 parts;
nanocellulose solution: 30 parts;
one-component polyurea resin: 4 parts;
alkali-exciting agent: 140 parts;
modified plant fiber: 27 parts;
waste mask scraps: 1 part.
The aluminum-silicon powder is prepared from metakaolin and fly ash according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.45. The modified plant fiber is bamboo fiber which is subjected to combined coating treatment by nano clay and a silane coupling agent, and is specifically obtained by uniformly spraying KH550 on the surface of the bamboo fiber and then blending the bamboo fiber with nano montmorillonite. The one-component polyurea resin is an economical one-component polyurea resin (JR 001) manufactured by Carui composite, guangzhou. The alkali-activator is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1-2. The nano cellulose solution is nano cellulose aqueous dispersion with the mass concentration of 1 percent.
The preparation method of the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 30 parts of a nano cellulose solution with the concentration of 0.5%, 4 parts of single-component polyurea resin and 140 parts of alkali excitant, and adding 180 parts of alkali excitant with the mass ratio of 1:0.45 of metakaolin and fly ash, and stirring and mixing for 1min to obtain modified geopolymer slurry. Then 27 parts of bamboo fiber which is jointly coated by montmorillonite and a silane coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of waste disposable medical mask scraps (with the size smaller than 5 mm) are added into the modified geopolymer slurry, and the mixture slurry is obtained after stirring for 1 min. Transferring the mixed slurry into a mould, paving and leveling the mixed slurry, locking the mould for 3 hours, placing the mould on a man-made board hot press, pressing the mould at the pressure of 2.0MPa at room temperature for 24 hours, unloading the board, continuously curing the board at the room temperature for 28 days, and sawing and cutting edges to obtain the board with the density of 1.576g/cm 3 Is a geopolymer-based ecological plate.
The performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate is detected, static bending strength, elastic modulus, internal bonding strength and water absorption thickness expansion rate are tested according to GB/T17657-2013 artificial plate and veneer physicochemical property test method, and the values are 18.31MPa, 4974MPa, 1.92MPa and 0.75% respectively, so that the performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate meets the standards of high-quality products. The formaldehyde purifying performance is detected according to QB/T2761-2006 method for measuring purifying effect of indoor air purifying product, and the formaldehyde removing rate is 71.47%.
Example 2:
a tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
aluminum-silicon powder: 250 parts;
nanocellulose solution: 42 parts;
one-component polyurea resin: 6 parts;
alkali-exciting agent: 240 parts;
modified plant fiber: 36 parts;
waste mask scraps: 4 parts.
The aluminum-silicon powder is prepared from slag and waste brick powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 1. The modified plant fiber is rice straw fiber which is subjected to combined coating treatment by nano clay and a silane coupling agent, and is specifically obtained by uniformly spraying Z-6020 on the surface of the rice straw fiber and then blending the rice straw fiber with nano vermiculite powder. The one-component polyurea resin is an economical one-component polyurea resin (JR 001) manufactured by Carui composite, guangzhou. The alkali-activator is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1-2. The nano cellulose solution is nano cellulose aqueous dispersion with the mass concentration of 1 percent.
The preparation method of the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following steps:
after 42 parts of nanocellulose solution with the concentration of 1.0%, 6 parts of single-component polyurea resin and 240 parts of alkali excitant are uniformly mixed, 250 parts of slag and waste brick powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 3min to obtain modified geopolymer slurry. Then 36 parts of rice straw fiber which is jointly coated by vermiculite powder and silane coupling agent Z-6020 and 4 parts of waste disposable medical mask scraps (with the size smaller than 5 mm) are added into the modified geopolymer slurry, and the mixture slurry is obtained after stirring for 3 min. Transferring the mixed slurry into a mould, paving and leveling the mixed slurry, locking the mould for 4.5 hours, then placing the mould on a man-made board hot press, pressing the mould for 18 hours at 50 ℃ under the pressure of 3.5MPa, unloading the board, continuously curing the board at room temperature for 28 days, and sawing and cutting edges to obtain the board with the density of 1.624g/cm 3 Is a geopolymer-based ecological plate.
The performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate is detected, static bending strength, elastic modulus, internal bonding strength and water absorption thickness expansion rate are tested according to GB/T17657-2013 'method for testing physical and chemical properties of artificial plate and veneer', and the values are 19.01MPa, 5017MPa, 1.89MPa and 0.71% respectively, so that the performance meets the standards of superior products. The formaldehyde purifying performance is detected according to QB/T2761-2006 method for measuring purifying effect of indoor air purifying product, and the formaldehyde removing rate is 73.59%.
Example 3:
a tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
aluminum-silicon powder: 300 parts;
nanocellulose solution: 56 parts;
one-component polyurea resin: 8 parts;
alkali-exciting agent: 330 parts;
modified plant fiber: 45 parts;
waste mask scraps: 7 parts.
The aluminum-silicon powder is prepared from metakaolin, slag and fly ash according to the mass ratio of 1:0.23: 0.19. The modified plant fiber is sisal fiber subjected to combined coating treatment by nano clay and a silane coupling agent, and is specifically obtained by uniformly spraying A151 on the surface of sisal fiber and then blending with nano attapulgite. The one-component polyurea resin is an economical one-component polyurea resin (JR 001) manufactured by Carui composite, guangzhou. The alkali-activator is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1-2. The nano cellulose solution is nano cellulose aqueous dispersion with the mass concentration of 1 percent.
The preparation method of the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 56 parts of nanocellulose solution with the concentration of 1.5%, 8 parts of single-component polyurea resin and 330 parts of alkali excitant, adding 300 parts of metakaolin, slag and fly ash mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:0.23:0.19, and stirring and mixing for 3min to obtain modified geopolymer slurry. 45 parts of sisal fibers subjected to combined coating treatment by attapulgite and a silane coupling agent A151 and 7 parts of waste disposable medical mask chips (with the size smaller than 5 mm) are added into the modified geopolymer slurry, and the mixture slurry is obtained after stirring for 5 min. Transferring the mixed slurry into a mould, paving and leveling the mixed slurry, locking the mould for 6 hours, then placing the mould on a man-made board hot press, pressing the mould for 12 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃ under the pressure of 5.0MPa, unloading the board, continuously curing the mould at room temperature for 28 days, and sawing and cutting edges to obtain the product with the density of 1.595g/cm 3 Is a geopolymer-based ecological plate.
The performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate is detected, static bending strength, elastic modulus, internal bonding strength and water absorption thickness expansion rate are tested according to GB/T17657-2013 method for testing physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and veneer, and the values are 20.2MPa, 5152MPa, 2.34MPa and 0.58% respectively, so that the performance of the geopolymer-based ecological plate meets the standards of high-quality products. The formaldehyde purifying performance is detected according to QB/T2761-2006 method for measuring purifying effect of indoor air purifying product, and the formaldehyde removing rate is 79.33%.

Claims (7)

1. A tough formaldehyde-cleaning geopolymer-based ecological plate is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
aluminum-silicon powder: 180-300 parts;
nanocellulose solution: 30-56 parts;
one-component polyurea resin: 4-8 parts of a lubricant;
alkali-exciting agent: 140-330 parts;
modified plant fiber: 27-45 parts;
waste mask scraps: 1-7 parts;
the modified plant fiber is a plant fiber subjected to combined coating treatment by nano clay and a silane coupling agent; the combined coating treatment is that the silane coupling agent is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the plant fiber and then is blended with the nano clay; the nano clay comprises one or more of montmorillonite, attapulgite or vermiculite powder;
the waste mask scraps are obtained by crushing and microwave treatment of the waste mask after the ear bands and nose bridge strips are removed, and the size of the waste mask scraps is controlled to be smaller than 5mm.
2. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-silicon powder comprises one or more of metakaolin, fly ash, blast furnace slag or waste brick powder; the granularity range of the aluminum-silicon powder is 1-100 mu m.
3. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological panel according to claim 1, wherein the alkali-activator is one or a combination of two of sodium water glass with a modulus of 1-2 and potassium water glass with a modulus of 1-2.
4. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate according to claim 1, wherein the nanocellulose solution is nanocellulose aqueous dispersion with mass concentration of 0.5-1.5%.
5. The tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological plate according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is one or more of KH550, Z-6020 or a 151; the plant fiber is one or more of wood fiber, bamboo fiber, fibrilia, reed fiber, crop straw fiber, coconut fiber or oil palm fiber.
6. A method of preparing a tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly mixing 30-56 parts by weight of nano cellulose solution, 4-8 parts by weight of single-component polyurea resin and 140-330 parts by weight of alkali excitant, adding 180-300 parts by weight of aluminum-silicon powder, and stirring and mixing to obtain modified geopolymer slurry;
(2) Adding 27-45 parts by weight of modified plant fibers and 1-7 parts by weight of waste mask fragments into the modified geopolymer slurry, and stirring and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) Transferring the mixed slurry into a mould, paving and flattening, locking the mould, then placing the mould on an artificial board hot press for pressing, unloading and curing to obtain the tough clean aldehyde geopolymer-based ecological board.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the pressure is controlled to be 2.0-5.0MPa, the temperature is controlled to be room temperature-85 ℃, the pressing time is controlled to be 12-24 hours, and the curing is carried out at room temperature to 28 days of age.
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