CN114918032A

CN114918032A - Conical spiral jigger

Info

Publication number: CN114918032A
Application number: CN202210610357.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐国印; 王普蓉; 周元燚
Original assignee: Panzhihua University
Current assignee: Panzhihua University
Priority date: 2022-05-31
Filing date: 2022-05-31
Publication date: 2022-08-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a conical spiral jigger, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing equipment. The device comprises a separation box (1), a scraper (2) and a rotating shaft (3), wherein the separation box (1) is of a tubular structure with one end sealed, a flushing water pipe (7) is arranged at the sealed end of the separation box (1), and a feeding pipe (5) is arranged at the upper end of the separation box (1); one end of the rotating shaft (3) extends into the sorting box (1), the scraping plate (2) is spirally arranged on the side wall of the extending end of the rotating shaft (3), and the rotating shaft (3) is rotatably connected with the sorting box (1). This device passes through heliciform scraper blade (2) and the combined action of sparge water, realizes the ore layering, and high density ore deposit grain is concentrated in the bed lower part, and low density ore deposit grain then gathers in the upper strata, discharges out respectively to two kinds of densities have been obtained and have been different, the product that the quality is different promptly. The problems that the existing jigger is complex in structure, large in water consumption, poor in ore dressing effect on intergrowth minerals and low in recovery efficiency of micro-fine particle size minerals are solved.

Description

Conical spiral jigger

Technical Field

The invention discloses a conical spiral jigger, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing equipment.

Background

The gravity separation process for separating heavy and light minerals by using vertical alternating medium (usually water or air) flow caused by strong vibration to make the ore particles be layered according to relative density and utilizing proper method to respectively collect light and heavy minerals is used for jigging separation. Is one of the most effective reselection methods for processing coarse-grained ores with larger density difference. The jigging machines are classified into coal dressing jigging machines and mineral dressing jigging machines by the type of mineral dressing. Various types of jigs are adopted at home and abroad, and the jigs can be roughly divided into the following types according to different equipment structures and different water flow movement modes: a piston jigger; a diaphragm jigger; air pulsation jigging machine; and a movable sieve jig. Jigging refers to a process in which materials are mainly sorted according to density differences in a vertically ascending variable-speed medium flow. The difference of the granularity and the shape of the materials has certain influence on the beneficiation result. The equipment for realizing the jigging process is called a jigging machine. The selected material is fed onto the sieve plate of the jigger to form a dense material layer, which is called a bed layer. The material can be layered in the jigging process, the internal cause of the main function is the property of the ore particles, but the objective condition for realizing the layering is the vertically ascending and descending alternating water flow. The speed and direction of the water flow in a jig are periodically changed, and the water flow is called pulsating water flow. The time for the pulsating water to complete one periodical change is the jigging period. The curve representing the change of the water speed with time in one period is called a jigging period curve. The maximum displacement of the water flow moving up and down in the jigging chamber is called the water flow stroke. The number of cycles per minute of water flow is called the stroke. The separation medium is water, called as hydro-jig; if the air is air, the air is called as wind jigging; in individual cases where heavy media is available, the weighing media are rejected.

Most metal concentrating plants are hydraulic jigs. Jigging ore dressing is often used for ore dressing of non-ferrous metal ores such as tungsten, tin and the like and coal. Generally, the larger the relative density difference of the sorted ore particles is, the narrower the particle size range is (the smaller the size difference of the particle sizes is), and the better the sorting effect is.

In coal separation, the jigged coal accounts for a large proportion. About 50 percent of coal selected in the world every year is treated by a jigger; the amount of the jigging coal in China accounts for 70 percent of the total raw coal for entering the selection. In addition, the particle size grade of the jigging coal treatment is wide and is in the range of 150-0.5 mm; the selection may be performed either without classification or with classification. The adaptability of the jigging coal is strong, and the jigging method can be preferably used for processing unless the coal is extremely difficult to select.

In ore separation, jigging is an effective method for treating coarse and medium-particle ores. The method is mainly used for separating tungsten ore, tin ore, gold ore and some rare metal ores; in addition, it is also used for sorting iron, manganese ores and non-metallic ores. When the metal ore is treated, the upper limit of the feeding granularity can reach 30-50 mm, and the lower limit of the recycled granularity is 0.2-0.074 mm.

The equipment for realizing the jigging process is called a jigging machine. The selected material is fed into the jigger and falls on the sieve plate to form a dense material exhibition, which is called a bed layer. During feeding, the lower part of the jigger is periodically fed with water flow which is alternated up and down, the vertical speed-changing water flow enters the bed layer through the sieve pores, and the materials are subjected to the jigging sorting process in the water flow.

When the water flow rises, the bed layer is flushed up and is in a loose and suspended state. At this point, the ore particles in the bed, by their nature (density, size and shape), move relative to each other and begin to stratify. When the water flow stops rising but is not converted into the descending water flow, the ore particles still move due to the action of inertia force, and the bed layer is continuously loosened and layered. The water flow turns downward and the bed becomes progressively tighter, but stratification continues. When all the ore particles fall back to the screening surface, they have lost their possibility of relative movement with respect to each other, and the stratification substantially ceases. At this point, only those ore particles with higher density and fine particle size pass through the gaps of the bulk material in the bed and still move downward, and this behavior can be regarded as the continuation of the stratification phenomenon. When the water flow is reduced, the bed layer is completely compact, and the layering is temporarily stopped. The time taken for each periodic change in water flow to complete is called a jig period. In a jigging period, the bed layer goes through the process from compact to loose layering and then compact, and the particles are subjected to sorting action. Only after a plurality of jigging cycles, the layering tends to be perfect. Finally, the high density ore particles are gathered at the lower part of the bed layer, and the low density ore particles are gathered at the upper layer. Then, the products were discharged from the jigs, respectively, to thereby obtain two products different in density, i.e., different in quality.

The material can be layered in the jigging process, the main internal factor is the property of the ore particles, but the objective condition for realizing layering is the vertically ascending and descending alternating current. When the material is fed into the feeding end of the jigger, a certain amount of horizontal water flow is given to the material along with the material. The horizontal water flow, although also having a certain influence on the sorting, mainly plays a role in wetting and transporting. The wetting is to prevent the material from agglomerating after entering the water; the transportation is responsible for carrying away the low-density material which is positioned on the upper layer after the layering, so that the low-density material is discharged out of the machine from an overflow weir of the jigger. The problems existing at present are as follows: 1. the jigging concentrating machine has a complex structure, occupies a large volume of a main workshop and has higher capital investment. 2. Large water consumption: the jigging machine adopts water as a mineral separation medium, and the water consumption is higher under the condition that a mineral separation process does not adopt circulating water. 3. The beneficiation effect on intergrowth minerals is slightly poor: because the jigging machine belongs to physical ore dressing and carries out the separation according to the specific gravity of minerals and gangue, the effect of ore dressing on intergrowth ores is slightly poor. 4. The recovery efficiency of the micro-fine particles is not high: the jigger is used for processing the mineral separation of medium and fine granularity minerals, the recovery efficiency of the fine granularity minerals is not high, and the lower limit of the effective recovery of the jigger is 200 meshes (about 0.074 mm).

The jigger with the national patent publication number of CN 213644485U has a complex structure, and the propeller in the scheme can accelerate the movement of the ore pulp in the first jigging chamber and shorten the jigging time, so the jigger is mainly used for stirring, and the sealing part of the jigger is easy to damage.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that the existing jigger has a complex structure, large water consumption, poor ore dressing effect on intergrowth minerals and low recovery efficiency of micro-fine particle size minerals.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the conical spiral jigger comprises a separation box, a scraper and a rotating shaft, wherein the separation box is of a tubular structure with one sealed end, a flushing water pipe is arranged at the sealed end of the separation box, and an ore feeding pipe is arranged at the upper end of the separation box; one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the sealing end and extends into the separation box, the scraping plate is spirally arranged on the side wall of the extending end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the separation box.

Wherein, still include the ore distribution dish among the above-mentioned device, the end that the ore distribution dish set up and penetrate the separation box at the pivot, and the export of giving the ore deposit pipe sets up towards the ore distribution dish.

Wherein, the sealing end of the separation box in the device is provided with a concentrate discharge pipe.

Further, in the device, the inner bottom surface of the seal of the separation box is of an inclined plane structure and inclines to the concentrate discharge pipe.

Wherein, alternating current flushing water is introduced into the flushing water pipe in the device.

Wherein, in the device, the inner cavity of the sorting box is of a conical structure.

Wherein, the scraper in the device is in a spiral involute shape and is connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft.

Wherein, still include the driving piece among the above-mentioned device, the pivot both ends are provided with support bearing, and the lower extreme and the driving piece of pivot are connected for the driving piece can drive the pivot rotation.

The outer side of the scraper blade in the device is close to the inner wall of the separation box and is arranged at intervals with the separation box, and the distance between the scraper blade and the inner wall of the separation box is adjustable.

Wherein, in the device, the outer edge of the scraper inclines towards the inner wall side of the sorting box.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has simple structure and simple and convenient operation. The traditional titanium hopping machine only depends on machinery to realize that alternating water flow pushes loosening and layering of a mineral bed, the device realizes loosening and layering of the material bed by increasing spiral medium rotation and alternating water flow assistance, spiral lifting force and alternating water flow are coupled, novel titanium hopping mineral separation of loosening, layering and mineral discharging is formed, energy transfer efficiency is higher, complex transmission parts of the traditional titanium hopping machine are reduced, the size of equipment is reduced, the structure of the equipment is simplified, the loosening and layering effect of minerals is more obvious, alternating flushing water quantity is reduced, and the ore treatment capacity of a unit site is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Labeled in the figure as: 1 is a separation box, 2 is a scraper blade, 3 is a rotating shaft, 4 is a ore separation disc, 5 is an ore feeding pipe, 6 is an ore concentrate discharge pipe, 7 is a flushing water pipe, and 8 is a driving piece.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the conical spiral jigger of the invention comprises a separation box 1, a scraper 2 and a rotating shaft 3, wherein the separation box 1 is of a tubular structure with one sealed end, a flushing water pipe 7 is arranged at the sealed end of the separation box 1, and a feeding pipe 5 is arranged at the upper end of the separation box 1; one end of the rotating shaft 3 penetrates through the sealing end and extends into the sorting box 1, the scraping plate 2 is arranged on the side wall of the extending end of the rotating shaft 3 in a spiral shape, and the rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the sorting box 1. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the device has simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The practical preferred separation box 1 is the tubular structure of one end seal, and separation box 1 provides the place of ore layering ore dressing. And a flushing water pipe 7 is arranged at the sealing end of the separation box 1, and the flushing water pipe 7 is kept to be vertically arranged. The upper end of the separation box 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 5 for feeding. And the one end of pivot 3 passes the seal end and stretches into in the separation box 1, and scraper blade 2 is spiral form and sets up on the pivot 3 stretches into the end lateral wall, because the tailing of this device is discharged from the upper end opening part of separation box 1, so scraper blade 2 should be close to the upper end opening terminal surface of separation box 1, and pivot 3 rotates with separation box 1 to be connected, and this kind of structure setting is actual direct drive pivot 3 rotatory can.

Preferably, the device also comprises a mineral separation disc 4, the mineral separation disc 4 is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft 3 penetrating into the separation box 1, and the outlet of the mineral feeding pipe 5 is arranged towards the mineral separation disc 4. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, due to the fact that the outlet of the ore feeding pipe 5 has certain impact, the direct impact of the ore pulp on the scraper 2 for a long time is easy to cause the scraper 2 to be in contact with the inner wall of the separation box 1, and the use of the device is affected. The device is preferably provided with the ore separating disc 4 at the end part of the rotating shaft 3 penetrating into the separation box 1, and the outlet of the ore feeding pipe 5 is arranged towards the ore separating disc 4. The arrangement can realize the buffering and the flow distribution of ore pulp through the ore distribution disc 4, reduce the impact on the scraper blade 2 and prolong the service life of the rotating shaft 3.

Preferably, the closed end of the separation box 1 in the device is provided with a concentrate discharge pipe 6. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the apparatus is preferably provided with a concentrate discharge pipe 6 at the closed end of the separator box 1 to facilitate concentrate discharge.

Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the seal of the separation box 1 in the device is of an inclined surface structure and inclines towards the concentrate discharge pipe 6. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to facilitate the concentrate discharge, the apparatus preferably has an inclined configuration on the inner bottom surface of the closure of the separation box 1, and is inclined towards the concentrate discharge pipe 6.

Preferably, in the device, the flushing water pipe 7 is filled with alternate water flow flushing water. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in order to achieve a loose suspension of the ore in the sorting box 1, the apparatus preferably has alternate water flow wash water introduced into the wash water pipe 7.

Preferably, the inner cavity of the sorting box 1 in the device is in a conical structure. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to facilitate the collection of the ore particles with high density and fine particle size at the bottom, the inner chamber of the sorting box 1 is preferably of a conical configuration.

Preferably, in the above device, the scraper 2 is connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 3 in a spiral involute shape. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to control the distance between the outer edge of the scraping plate 2 and the inner wall of the separation box 1, the scraping plate 2 is preferably connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 3 in a spiral involute shape.

Preferably, the device further comprises a driving member 8, wherein support bearings are disposed at two ends of the rotating shaft 3, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with the driving member 8, so that the driving member 8 can drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to facilitate the driving and supporting of the rotating shaft 3, the device preferably further comprises a driving member 8, the two ends of the rotating shaft 3 are provided with supporting bearings, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with the driving member 8, so that the driving member 8 can drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate.

Preferably, in the device, the outer side of the scraper 2 is close to the inner wall of the separation box 1 and is arranged at an interval with the separation box 1, and the distance between the scraper 2 and the inner wall of the separation box 1 is adjustable. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to facilitate screening of ores with different particle sizes, the outer side of the scraper 2 is preferably close to the inner wall of the separation box 1 and is arranged at an interval with the separation box 1, and the distance between the scraper 2 and the inner wall of the separation box 1 is adjustable.

Preferably, in the above device, the outer edge of the scraper 2 is inclined toward the inner wall of the sorting box 1. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to facilitate the fall of the ore particles of higher density and finer particle size, the present device preferably has the outer edge of the scraper 2 inclined towards the inner wall side of the separation box 1 so that it is guided by the scraper 2 into the bottom of the separation box 1 as concentrate when rotating.

The principle of the device is as follows: the spiral involute-shaped scraper 2 is creatively arranged in the inverted cone sorting box 1, in the rotating process of the spiral scraper 2, due to the rotating characteristic of a spiral, ores with qualified granularity fed from the top can be continuously stirred upwards, materials form a material inclined plane (inclination of 0-90 degrees) bed layer on the surface of the spiral scraper 2 to move from bottom to top under the action of gravity, downward movement is kept under the action of gravity, and alternately flowing washing water is fed from a washing water pipe 7 at the lower part. When the water flow rises, the water flow lifting force and the spiral lifting force are overlapped, and the bed layer is flushed and is in a loose and suspended state. At this point, the ore particles in the bed, by their nature (density, size and shape), move relative to each other and begin to stratify. When the water flow stops rising but is not converted into descending water flow, the mineral particles still move due to the action of spiral lifting force and inertia force, and the bed layer is continuously loosened and layered. The water flow turns downward and the bed becomes progressively tighter, but stratification continues. When all the ore particles have fallen onto the surface of the screw flight 2 and they have lost the possibility of relative movement with respect to each other, the stratification substantially ceases. At this time, only those ore particles with higher density and very fine particle size pass through the gaps of the large materials in the bed layer and still move downwards, and the action can be regarded as continuation of the layering phenomenon. When the water flow is reduced, the bed layer is completely compact, and the layering is temporarily stopped. The time taken for each periodic change in water flow to complete is called a jig period. In a jigging period, the bed layer undergoes the process from compact to loose layering and then compact, and the particles are subjected to sorting action. Only after a plurality of jigging cycles, the layering tends to be perfect. Finally, the high-density ore particles are gathered at the lower part of the bed layer, and the low-density ore particles are gathered at the upper layer. Then, the concentrate is discharged from a lower end concentrate discharge pipe 6 and an upper end opening (tailing discharge port) of the jigger respectively, so that two products with different densities, namely different qualities are obtained, and the aim of jigging is fulfilled.

Claims

1. The conical spiral jigger is characterized in that: the device comprises a separation box (1), a scraper (2) and a rotating shaft (3), wherein the separation box (1) is of a tubular structure with one end sealed, a flushing water pipe (7) is arranged at the sealed end of the separation box (1), and a feeding pipe (5) is arranged at the upper end of the separation box (1); one end of the rotating shaft (3) penetrates through the sealing end and extends into the sorting box (1), the scraping plate (2) is arranged on the side wall of the extending end of the rotating shaft (3) in a spiral shape, and the rotating shaft (3) is rotatably connected with the sorting box (1).

2. The conical jigger of claim 1, wherein: still include ore distribution dish (4), ore distribution dish (4) set up the tip that penetrates separation box (1) in pivot (3), and the export of giving ore deposit pipe (5) sets up towards ore distribution dish (4).

3. The conical screw jig of claim 1 wherein: the sealing end of the separation box (1) is provided with a concentrate discharge pipe (6).

4. A conical spiral jig as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the inner bottom surface of the seal of the separation box (1) is of an inclined surface structure and inclines towards the concentrate discharge pipe (6).

5. The conical screw jig of claim 1 wherein: alternating current washing water is introduced into the washing water pipe (7).

6. The conical jigger of claim 1, wherein: the inner cavity of the sorting box (1) is of a conical structure.

7. The conical jigger of claim 6, wherein: the scraping plate (2) is in a spiral involute shape and is connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft (3).

8. The conical screw jig of claim 1 wherein: still include driving piece (8), pivot (3) both ends are provided with support bearing, and the lower extreme and the driving piece (8) of pivot (3) are connected for driving piece (8) can drive pivot (3) and rotate.

9. The conical screw jig of claim 1 wherein: the outer side of the scraper (2) is close to the inner wall of the sorting box (1) and is arranged at an interval with the sorting box (1), and the distance between the scraper (2) and the inner wall of the sorting box (1) is adjustable.

10. The conical screw jig of claim 1 wherein: the outer edge of the scraper (2) inclines towards the inner wall side of the sorting box (1).