CN114916508A - Method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional properties and egg color-restricted properties of silkworms - Google Patents
Method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional properties and egg color-restricted properties of silkworms Download PDFInfo
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- CN114916508A CN114916508A CN202210460776.6A CN202210460776A CN114916508A CN 114916508 A CN114916508 A CN 114916508A CN 202210460776 A CN202210460776 A CN 202210460776A CN 114916508 A CN114916508 A CN 114916508A
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- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional properties and egg color limitation properties of silkworms, which comprises the steps of S1, hybridizing a grey egg limitation female silkworm with the conventional silkworm to obtain H1; s2, hybridizing the conventional female silkworm with the white egg restricted male silkworm to obtain B1; s3, hybridizing H1 and B1 to obtain F1; s4, feeding F1 and taking gray eggs (female gender restricted egg color) X grey egg (♂) Hybridizing to obtain F2; s5, collecting ants in the F2 mixed area, wherein the offspring is F3; s6, after white eggs appear, selecting a moth area of white egg-restricted silkworms, breeding single moths, and adopting gray eggs (female gender restricted egg color) X white egg (egg color limiting sex) Directional mating, selecting and reserving moth rings of which the ratio of white egg color to gray egg color is about 50%, subculturing until the moth rings of which the continuous 2 generations of egg color limited homozygosity rate reaches 100% are selected as the selected moth rings, and screening for 5-6 generations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional traits and egg color-limited traits of silkworms.
Background
The silkworm industry production is labor-intensive industry, the existing conventional silkworm varieties need to invest a large amount of labor force to carry out manual cocoon cutting, separation and protection of male and female pupae identification and the like in the process of producing seeds of all levels of silkworm varieties such as mother varieties, stock varieties and common varieties, the labor intensity is high, the labor cost is high, in order to solve the problem of manually distinguishing male and female varieties, researchers research silkworm egg color-limited varieties, namely, the male and female varieties can be distinguished through the color of silkworm eggs so as to achieve the purpose of removing the female and leaving the male, and compared with the existing conventional egg color-limited silkworm variety resources, the existing egg color-limited silkworm variety resources have the defects of weak robustness, poor main economic properties of cocoon silk and the like, and cannot be applied to production.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying the conventional silkworm traits and the egg color-limited traits, which can quickly and effectively fuse and quickly purify the excellent traits of the conventional silkworm varieties and the egg color-limited silkworm varieties.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for efficiently fusing and rapidly purifying a conventional trait of silkworms with an egg color-limited trait, comprising the following specific steps:
s1, hybridizing a gray egg color limited silkworm variety female silkworm with a conventional silkworm variety male silkworm, wherein the offspring is H1;
s2, hybridizing a conventional silkworm variety female silkworm with a white egg color-limited silkworm variety male silkworm, wherein the offspring is B1;
s3, directionally hybridizing the H1 female silkworm with the gray egg male silkworm in the B1 to obtain F1;
s4, F1 in the step S3 is selected for feeding, egg color limited female silkworms and gray egg male silkworms are selected from F1, and gray eggs are adopted (restricted egg color male parent) X grey egg (♂) F2 is obtained through seed production, the ants are harvested in the F2 mixed area, the ant harvesting amount is increased to 50-60 moths, and the offspring is F3;
s5, taking gray eggs after white eggs appear (restricted egg color male parent) X white egg (oval color restriction) Directional mating mode, selecting moth zone with white egg color from F3Breeding single moths, wherein the quantity of collected ants is 50-60 moth areas;
s6, selecting and reserving moth rings with the proportion of white egg color to gray egg color being close to 50% for subculture, selecting moth rings with the egg color limiting homozygosity rate reaching 100% for 2 continuous generations as selected moth rings, and screening for 5-6 generations to obtain the moth rings with the egg color limiting homozygosity rate reaching 100%.
Preferably, the temperature for rearing silkworms in steps S1-S6 is 29-30 ℃.
Preferably, the humidity at the time of rearing silkworms in steps S1-S6 is 90% to 95%.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the method can effectively fuse and quickly purify the excellent characters of the conventional silkworm varieties of the silkworms and the egg color limited silkworm varieties, shortens the breeding time of the practical egg color limited character silkworm varieties, improves the breeding efficiency, realizes the high-efficiency separation of gray eggs and white eggs through special equipment for egg color limitation of the silkworms, meets the separate breeding requirement of male silkworms and female silkworms, and improves the production efficiency and the benefit of silkworm eggs.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
The application provides a method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional silkworm traits and egg color-limited traits, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, hybridizing a gray egg color limited silkworm variety female silkworm with a conventional silkworm variety male silkworm, wherein the offspring is H1, and aims to transfer excellent characters in the conventional silkworm variety to the egg color limited silkworm variety; wherein, the gray egg color limited silkworm variety can be egg 21, and the conventional silkworm variety can be 932 and 7532;
s2, hybridizing a gray conventional silkworm variety female silkworm with a white egg color limited silkworm variety male silkworm, then carrying out generation B1, and the method is the same as the step S1 and aims at transferring excellent characters in the conventional silkworm variety to the egg color limited silkworm variety;
s3, directionally hybridizing the H1 gray egg color limited female silkworm with the gray egg color male silkworm in the B1 to obtain F1, wherein directional hybridization is performed according to a breeding target in a specific hybridization combination breeding mode, the H1 is formed by hybridizing the gray egg color limited female silkworm variety with the conventional silkworm variety male silkworm, the B1 is formed by hybridizing the conventional silkworm variety female silkworm with the white egg color limited male silkworm, and F1 is formed by hybridizing the female silkworm in the H1 with the gray egg male silkworm in the B1.
S4, selecting the Ant harvested in the F1 mixed region in the step S3, and selecting egg color limited female silkworms, gray egg male silkworms, gray egg color limited female silkworms and gray egg male silkworms from the F1 to perform directional hybridization to obtain F2;
collecting ants in the F2 mixed region, increasing the quantity of collected ants to be 50-60 moths, and directionally hybridizing a gray egg-color restricted female silkworm and a gray egg-color male silkworm to obtain F3;
s5, taking gray eggs after white eggs appear (female gender restricted egg color) X white egg (egg color limiting sex) Selecting a moth area with white egg color from the F3, breeding a single moth, and collecting the moth area with 50-60 moths, wherein the white egg appears in the F3 generation, so the gray egg appears (female gender restricted egg color) White egg (oval color restriction) Selecting from generation F3;
s6, selecting and reserving moth circles with the proportion of white egg color to gray egg color tending to 50%, carrying out subculture until the moth circles with the egg color limited homozygosity rate reaching 100% in 2 continuous generations are selected as selected moth circles, and screening for 5-6 generations until the egg color limited homozygosity rate reaches 100%.
Wherein, the comprehensive breeding environmental control standard of the steps is as follows: the breeding temperature of the step S1-S6 is 29-30 ℃, the humidity is 90% -95%, the silkworms are bred in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, weak silkworms are eliminated, and the robustness is improved; the elimination rate is improved in the cocoon stage, each male and female cocoon is preferably 25 cocoons in each moth area, a single cocoon is weighed as the total cocoon quantity and the cocoon layer quantity by an electronic scale, the average total cocoon quantity and the cocoon layer rate of the investigated cocoons are calculated by a computer, and an individual seed production subculture is selected and reserved, wherein the total cocoon quantity is more than 0.1g of the average value of the total cocoon quantity, and the cocoon layer rate is more than the average value of the cocoon layer rate; after 5-6 generations of screening, the robustness, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell rate of the cocoon shell are superior to those of conventional varieties.
The time required for achieving the target by adopting the method is as follows: after 5-6 generations of selection of breeding strains, the egg color limit homozygosity rate reaches 100%, and the robustness, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell rate are superior to those of conventional varieties and need 5-6 generations; the breeding egg color limitation, robustness, total cocoon weight and cocoon shell rate synchronously meet the requirements of practical varieties and need 5-6 generations (45 days for each generation, about 225-270 days).
Compared with the conventional egg color limited character crossbreeding method
The method comprises the steps of carrying out two-dimensional hybridization of gray eggs (egg color limited male parent) x gray eggs (conventional male parent) and then carrying out backcrossing on conventional silkworm varieties for multiple times, starting from the F2 generation, carrying out backcrossing on the conventional varieties, carrying out backcrossing on the gray eggs (egg color limited male parent) and gray eggs (conventional male parent) x gray eggs (conventional male parent), carrying out backcrossing for 2-3 times, selecting a moth colony with white eggs for subculture in the F5 generation, breeding single moths, collecting a moth area with 50-60 moth yield, selecting a moth colony with gray egg color proportion of 50% for subculture until a moth colony with 2 continuous generations of egg color limited homozygosity reaches 100% is used as a selected colony, and carrying out screening for 8-9 generations, wherein the egg color limited homozygosity can reach 100%.
Comprehensive character selection and environment control standard of conventional cross breeding method for egg color limited characters
Breeding at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ and the humidity of 75-80% in a normal temperature and normal humidity environment to improve robustness; in the cocoon period, selecting 30-50 cocoons of male and female in each moth area, weighing the total cocoon amount and the cocoon layer amount of a single cocoon by using an electronic scale, calculating the average total cocoon amount and the cocoon layer rate of the investigated cocoons by using a computer, and selecting and reserving an individual seed production subculture in which the total cocoon amount is the average value of the total cocoon amount +/-0.1 g and the cocoon layer rate is more than or equal to the average value of the cocoon layer rate; through the screening of 8-9 generations, the robustness, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell rate of the cocoon shell are superior to those of conventional varieties.
The time required for achieving the goal by adopting the conventional breeding method
By adopting a conventional breeding method, breeding strains are screened for 8-9 generations, the egg color limit homozygosity rate reaches 100%, and robustness, total cocoon weight and cocoon shell rate are superior to those of the conventional strains requiring 8-9 generations; the egg color limit, robustness, total cocoon weight and cocoon shell rate of the bred cocoons synchronously meet the requirements of practical varieties and need 8-9 generations (45 days per generation, about 360-405 days).
Compared with the conventional method, the method comprises the following steps: 100% of egg color limitation (gray egg is female, white egg is male, gray egg: white egg is 1: 1) 2-4 generations (45 days per generation, about 90-180 days), robustness, total cocoon weight, cocoon shell rate reach 2-4 generations (45 days per generation, about 90-180 days per generation) required by practical variety; the egg color limit, the robustness, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell rate of the bred cocoons synchronously reach 2-4 generations (45 days per generation, about 90-180 days) which are faster than the practical variety requirements, only 4 generations can be bred in each year, and the breeding process is shortened by half a year to one year.
Specific examples are detailed in tables 1-3. Tables 1-2 show comparative experimental data of the gray-white egg color limited pure clean breeding rate and the breeding performance of the gray-white egg color limited variety egg 21 and the conventional robust varieties 932 and 7532 which are bred by adopting the method and the conventional method. It can be seen from tables 1-2 that practical indexes such as robustness, total cocoon volume, cocoon shell rate and the like can be remarkably improved after the egg color limited variety egg 21 is hybridized with the conventional robust variety, so that each index is superior to that of the conventional robust variety. The strain bred by the method disclosed by the invention is screened for 5-6 generations, the egg color limit homozygosity rate reaches 100%, and the robustness, the total cocoon weight and the cocoon shell rate are superior to those of the conventional strain and need 5-6 generations; the breeding egg color limitation, robustness, total cocoon weight and cocoon shell rate synchronously meet the requirements of practical varieties and need 5-6 generations, compared with the conventional breeding method, the breeding generation is shortened by 2-4 generations, and the specific breeding generation condition is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 1 parental (midline) breeding results of different breeding modes
Remarking: the egg 21 is a gray-white egg color-limited variety, and 932 is the current strong variety.
TABLE 2 parental (daily) breeding performance of different breeding modes
Remarking: egg 21 is an off-white egg-color-limited variety, 7532 is the current robust variety.
TABLE 3 summary of different breeding modes
Note: generation 1 is about 45 days.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, particular embodiments, but rather to those skilled in the art, and it is to be understood that the invention is capable of numerous modifications and that various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying the conventional traits and the egg color-limited traits of the silkworms is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
s1, hybridizing a gray egg color limited silkworm variety female silkworm with a conventional silkworm variety male silkworm, wherein the offspring is H1;
s2, hybridizing a female silkworm of the conventional silkworm variety with a male silkworm of the white egg color-limited silkworm variety, wherein the offspring is B1;
s3, directionally hybridizing the H1 female silkworm with the gray egg male silkworm in the B1 to obtain F1;
s4, taking the F1 eggs from step S3 (female gender restricted egg color) X grey egg (♂) F2 is obtained through seed production, the ants are harvested in the F2 mixed area, the ant harvesting amount is increased to 50-60 moths, and the offspring is F3;
s5, taking gray eggs after white eggs appear (female gender restricted egg color) X white egg (egg color limiting sex) Selecting a moth area with white egg color from the F3 in a directional mating mode, breeding a single moth, and collecting 50-60 moth areas;
s6, selecting and reserving moth circles with the proportion of white egg color to gray egg color tending to 50%, carrying out subculture until the moth circles with the egg color limited homozygosity rate reaching 100% in 2 continuous generations are selected as selected moth circles, and screening for 5-6 generations until the egg color limited homozygosity rate reaches 100%.
2. The method for effectively fusing and rapidly purifying the conventional silkworm traits and the egg color-restricted traits as set forth in claim 1, wherein the temperature for rearing silkworms in steps S1-S6 is 29-30 ℃.
3. The method for effectively fusing and rapidly purifying the conventional traits and the egg color-restricted traits of silkworms of claim 1, wherein the humidity when silkworms are fed in steps S1-S6 is 90% to 95%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115606553A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-01-17 | 西南大学 | Breeding method of restricted red-egg silkworm variety suitable for separate breeding and separate reeling of male and female silkworms |
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Patent Citations (6)
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