CN114914647B - Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material - Google Patents
Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114914647B CN114914647B CN202210539598.6A CN202210539598A CN114914647B CN 114914647 B CN114914647 B CN 114914647B CN 202210539598 A CN202210539598 A CN 202210539598A CN 114914647 B CN114914647 B CN 114914647B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- microstrip line
- microstrip
- line
- band
- tunable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
A tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material belongs to the technical field of microwave magnetic devices. The planar resonant circuit comprises a ferrite substrate and a microstrip circuit positioned on the ferrite substrate, wherein the microstrip circuit adopts a quarter-wave short-cut line coupling mode. According to the invention, ferrite materials are adopted as the microstrip circuit ground medium substrate, so that the planarization of the tunable broadband band-stop filter is realized, and the adjustable stop band is realized under an externally-applied bias magnetic field; the microstrip circuit is formed on the substrate of the ferrite material, and is of a multi-branch structure, so that the tuning range of the tunable band-stop filter is enhanced, the radio frequency magnetic field intensity is enhanced, the ferrite material is promoted to absorb energy when the ferromagnetic resonance effect occurs, the effects of large maximum stop band depth and wide tunable range are realized, the stop band width reaches more than 5GHz, and the maximum stop band depth reaches below-108 dB.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave magnetics devices, and particularly relates to a tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite materials.
Background
Tunable band-stop filters based on ferrite materials are a very important class of electronic components in the microwave field, which are widely used in the military field, in particular in modern electronics. In the face of complex and changeable interference signals of enemy, the device needs smart and convenient combat equipment which can intercept the interference signals in time, and is embodied at the front end of a broadband receiver to realize the microwave signal blocking function of a part of frequency bands or a specific frequency point. The tunable band-stop filter has the advantages of wide tuning range, high suppression degree, good tuning linearity and the like, can replace the traditional filter bank, and greatly reduces the volume of the whole machine. The ferrite material has high dielectric constant, and the obtained circuit has small size, which is one of reasons for reducing the volume of the filter, and the other reason is that the ferrite material generates ferromagnetic resonance phenomenon under the condition of externally applied bias magnetic field, so that the center frequency of the stop band of the filter shows approximately linear change along with the change of the externally applied bias magnetic field.
The traditional tunable band-stop filter based on ferrite materials has the problems of difficult processing, complex structural design, high assembly difficulty and the like. TELETYNE (TELEDYNE WIRELESS, LLC.Increasing the minimum rejection bandwidth of a YIG-tuned notch filter using a shunt YIG resonator: US201213632911[ P ]. 2015-12-01.) discloses a pellet-shaped resonator structure based on ferrite materials, which realizes the function of tunable stop band, but the near-round pellets based on ferrite materials are extremely difficult to manufacture, and the pellets need to accurately adjust crystal orientation in the assembly process, besides, the circuit coupled with the pellets is small in size due to the small volume of the pellets, so that the manufacturing is not easy, and the processing precision is not easy to reach the standard. Although the conventional non-tunable band reject filter is generally designed by adopting a plane, the frequency point is single, and is not tunable, if multiple frequency bands are needed, multiple band groups of band reject filters with different application frequency bands are needed to form a filter bank to realize multi-frequency band tuning, and the volume is greatly increased. The university of california Cai Chensheng team (c.s.tsai and g.qiu, "Wideband Microwave Filters Using Ferromagnetic Resonance Tuning in Flip-Chip YIG-GaAs Layer Structures," in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol.45, no.2, pp.656-660, feb.2009, doi: 10.1109/tmag.2008.2010466.) discloses a band-stop filter based on planar design, and a rectangular ferrite material is used to excite a step-impedance band-pass filter, so that the purpose of tunable stop band is achieved, and the problems of small maximum stop band depth and narrow stop band width exist although the tunable bandwidth is wider.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite materials.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a tunable broadband band reject filter based on ferrite material includes a metal resonator, and a planarized resonant circuit within the metal resonator; the planar resonant circuit comprises a ferrite substrate (1) and a microstrip circuit (2) positioned on the ferrite substrate, wherein the microstrip circuit adopts a quarter-wave short-cut line coupling mode, and the microstrip circuit is grounded.
Further, the metal resonant cavity is made of a metal material, and air is filled in the metal resonant cavity.
Further, the microstrip circuit includes:
a multi-section connection microstrip line positioned on the input port and the output port connection line;
the branch microstrip lines are positioned on two sides of the connecting microstrip line and are perpendicular to the connecting microstrip line and have equal intervals, and the branch microstrip lines on two sides of the connecting microstrip line are positioned on the same straight line;
a first branch microstrip line positioned between the input port and the first section of branch microstrip line and connected with one side of the microstrip line;
a second branch microstrip line positioned between the output port and the last branch microstrip line and connected with one side of the microstrip line;
the microstrip circuit is in an axisymmetric structure, and a symmetry axis is perpendicular to the connecting microstrip lines.
Further, the widths of the connecting microstrip line, the branch microstrip line, the first branch microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are determined according to the impedance requirement of the filter and the number of segments of the connecting microstrip line, the length is determined according to the center frequency of the filter, and the number of segments is determined according to the tunable range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the tunable broadband band-stop filter based on the ferrite material, the ferrite material is adopted as the microstrip circuit ground medium substrate, so that the tunable broadband band-stop filter is planarized, and the stop band is adjustable under an externally-applied bias magnetic field; the microstrip circuit is formed on the substrate of the ferrite material, and is of a multi-branch structure, so that the tuning range of the tunable band-stop filter is enhanced, the radio frequency magnetic field intensity is enhanced, the ferrite material is promoted to absorb energy when the ferromagnetic resonance effect occurs, the effects of large maximum stop band depth and wide tunable range are realized, the stop band width reaches more than 5GHz, and the maximum stop band depth also reaches below-108 dB; meanwhile, the microstrip circuit is compact in structure, so that the obtained tunable band-stop filter is small in size and power consumption. Therefore, the tunable wideband band-stop filter has the advantages of compact structure, easy integration, small volume, easy processing, easy assembly, easy tuning, low power consumption, deep stop band, wide stop band bandwidth, wide stop band tuning range and the like, and meets the design requirements of modern communication devices compared with the traditional band-stop filter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a tunable wideband band reject filter based on ferrite materials provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip circuit in a tunable wideband band reject filter based on ferrite materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph of simulation results of a tunable wideband bandstop filter based on ferrite material of an embodiment under an applied bias magnetic field of strength 3291 Oe.
In the figure, (1) is a ferrite substrate, (2) is a microstrip circuit, and (3) is a microstrip circuit ground part.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structure diagram of a tunable wideband band-stop filter based on ferrite materials is provided in the present invention; comprises a metal resonant cavity and a planarization resonant circuit positioned in the metal resonant cavity; the planar resonant circuit comprises a ferrite substrate (1) and a microstrip circuit (2) arranged on the ferrite substrate, wherein the microstrip circuit adopts a quarter-wave short-cut line coupling mode, the microstrip circuit is grounded, the grounding mode is punching grounding, and the ferrite substrate is also punched so as to facilitate grounding of the microstrip circuit.
The metal resonant cavity is made of a metal material, and air is filled in the metal resonant cavity.
The structure of the microstrip circuit is shown in fig. 2, and includes a first microstrip line 201, a second microstrip line 22, a third microstrip line 23, a fourth microstrip line 24, a fifth microstrip line 25, a sixth microstrip line 26, a seventh microstrip line 27, an eighth microstrip line 28, a ninth microstrip line 29, a tenth microstrip line 210, an eleventh microstrip line 211, a twelfth microstrip line 221, a thirteenth microstrip line 231, a fourteenth microstrip line 241, a fifteenth microstrip line 251, a sixteenth microstrip line 261, a seventeenth microstrip line 271, an eighteenth microstrip line 281, a nineteenth microstrip line 291, a twenty 2101 microstrip line, a twenty-first microstrip line 2111, a twenty-second microstrip line 202, a twenty-third microstrip line 203, a twenty-fourth microstrip line 204, a twenty-fifth microstrip line 205, a twenty-sixth microstrip line 206, a twenty-seventh microstrip line 207, a twenty-eighth microstrip line 208, a twenty-ninth microstrip line 209, a thirty-first microstrip line 2011, and a thirty-second microstrip line 2012;
the first microstrip line 201, the twenty-second microstrip line 202, the twenty-third microstrip line 203, the twenty-fourth microstrip line 204, the twenty-fifth microstrip line 205, the twenty-sixth microstrip line 206, the twenty-seventh microstrip line 207, the twenty-eighth microstrip line 208, the twenty-ninth microstrip line 209, the thirty-first microstrip line 2010, the thirty-first microstrip line 2011, and the thirty-second microstrip line 2012 are sequentially connected and have lengths of 1/4 wavelength to form a connecting microstrip line; wherein the first microstrip line 201 is connected to the RF input port, and the thirty-second microstrip line 2012 is connected to the RF output port; a second microstrip line 22, a third microstrip line 23, a fourth microstrip line 24, a fifth microstrip line 25, a sixth microstrip line 26, a seventh microstrip line 27, an eighth microstrip line 28, a ninth microstrip line 29 and a tenth microstrip line 210 which are perpendicular to the connecting microstrip lines are sequentially arranged on one side of the connecting microstrip line in the direction from the input port to the output port, and the length of each microstrip line and the interval between the adjacent microstrip lines are 1/4 wavelength; an eleventh microstrip line 211, a twelfth microstrip line 221, a thirteenth microstrip line 231, a fourteenth microstrip line 241, a fifteenth microstrip line 251, a sixteenth microstrip line 261, a seventeenth microstrip line 271, an eighteenth microstrip line 281, a nineteenth microstrip line 291, a twenty 2101 microstrip line, a twenty first microstrip line 2111 which are perpendicular to the connection microstrip line are sequentially arranged on the other side of the connection microstrip line in the direction from the input port to the output port, and the length of the single microstrip line and the interval between the adjacent microstrip lines are both 1/4 wavelength;
the second microstrip line 22 and the twelfth microstrip line 221 are located on the same straight line, the third microstrip line 23 and the thirteenth microstrip line 231 are located on the same straight line, the fourth microstrip line 24 and the fourteenth microstrip line 241 are located on the same straight line, the fifth microstrip line 25 and the fifteenth microstrip line 251 are located on the same straight line, the sixth microstrip line 26 and the sixteenth microstrip line 261 are located on the same straight line, the seventh microstrip line 27 and the seventeenth microstrip line 271 are located on the same straight line, the eighth microstrip line 28 and the eighteenth microstrip line 281 are located on the same straight line, the ninth microstrip line 29 and the nineteenth microstrip line 291 are located on the same straight line, and the tenth microstrip line 210 and the twentieth 2101 microstrip line are located on the same straight line;
one end of the second microstrip line 22, the third microstrip line 23, the fourth microstrip line 24, the fifth microstrip line 25, the sixth microstrip line 26, the seventh microstrip line 27, the eighth microstrip line 28, the ninth microstrip line 29, the tenth microstrip line 210, the eleventh microstrip line 211, the twelfth microstrip line 221, the thirteenth microstrip line 231, the fourteenth microstrip line 241, the fifteenth microstrip line 251, the sixteenth microstrip line 261, the seventeenth microstrip line 271, the eighteenth microstrip line 281, the nineteenth microstrip line 291, the twenty 2101 microstrip line, and the twenty-first microstrip line 2111 is perforated to be grounded;
the microstrip circuit is of an axisymmetric structure, and the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the connecting microstrip line.
When an input signal is input from the first microstrip line 201 and is output through the thirty-second microstrip line 2012, an externally-applied bias uniform magnetic field with certain intensity is applied in the direction vertical to the ferrite substrate, and the ferrite material is excited to generate a ferromagnetic resonance phenomenon, at this time, the ferrite material absorbs energy, and along with the change of the intensity of the externally-applied bias magnetic field, the center frequency of the ferromagnetic resonance of the ferrite material is also changed, so that the purpose of adjusting the center frequency of a stop band is realized. As the ferrite material is used as the substrate and the microstrip line has narrow width, a stronger radio frequency electromagnetic field can be excited, and the purposes of widening the stopband bandwidth, deepening the stopband depth and the like are further realized.
Examples
A tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material, wherein a metal resonant cavity is made of stainless steel, air is filled in the metal resonant cavity, and the height of the metal resonant cavity is 1.06mm; the ferrite substrate has a thickness of 140 μm and a relative dielectric constant of 15; the first microstrip line 201 has a length of 1mm and a width of 0.156mm; the second microstrip line 22 has a length of 1.286mm and a width of 0.253mm; the third microstrip line 23 has a length of 1.56mm and a width of 0.275mm; the fourth microstrip line 24 has a length of 1.6mm and a width of 0.297mm; the fifth microstrip line 25 has a length of 1.6mm and a width of 0.303mm; the length of the sixth microstrip line 26 is 1.58mm and the width is 0.293mm; the eleventh microstrip line 211 has a length of 1.52mm and a width of 0.154mm; the twenty-second microstrip line 202 has a length of 1.286mm and a width of 0.192mm; the twenty-third microstrip line 203 has a length of 1.286mm and a width of 0.17mm; the twenty-fourth microstrip line 204 has a length of 1.286mm and a width of 0.137mm; the twenty-fifth microstrip line 205 has a length of 1.286mm and a width of 0.129mm.
The tunable wideband band-stop filter obtained in the embodiment is simulated and optimized by adopting 3D electromagnetic simulation software based on a finite element method, and a simulation result obtained when a uniform bias magnetic field 3291Oe is applied is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the center frequency f corresponding to the bias magnetic field 0 A larger stop band bandwidth is produced at 11.4GHz, a 3dB bandwidth of 5.07GHz, and a maximum stop band depth of-108 dB, where S 11 Indicating return loss, S 12 Representing insertion loss; when the strength of the externally-applied bias uniform magnetic field is changed to 3038 Oe-7595 Oe, the tunable range of the filter is 8.5 GHz-24.7 GHz, and the purposes of widening the stop band bandwidth and increasing the maximum stop band depth are realized.
Claims (3)
1. A tunable broadband band reject filter based on ferrite material, comprising a metal resonator, and a planarization resonant circuit located within the metal resonator; the planar resonant circuit comprises a ferrite substrate (1) and a microstrip circuit (2) positioned on the ferrite substrate, wherein the microstrip circuit adopts a quarter-wave short-cut line coupling mode, and the microstrip circuit is grounded;
the microstrip circuit includes:
a multi-section connection microstrip line positioned on the input port and the output port connection line;
the branch microstrip lines are positioned on two sides of the connecting microstrip line and are perpendicular to the connecting microstrip line and have equal intervals, and the branch microstrip lines on two sides of the connecting microstrip line are positioned on the same straight line;
a first branch microstrip line positioned between the input port and the first section of branch microstrip line and connected with one side of the microstrip line;
a second branch microstrip line positioned between the output port and the last branch microstrip line and connected with one side of the microstrip line;
the microstrip circuit is in an axisymmetric structure, and a symmetry axis is perpendicular to the connecting microstrip lines.
2. The ferrite material-based tunable wideband band reject filter of claim 1, wherein the metallic resonator is made of a metallic material and is filled with air.
3. The ferrite material-based tunable wideband band reject filter of claim 1, wherein the widths of the connecting microstrip line, the stub microstrip line, the first stub microstrip line, and the second stub microstrip line are determined according to an impedance requirement of the filter and a number of segments of the connecting microstrip line, the length is determined according to a center frequency of the filter, and the number of segments is determined according to a tunable range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210539598.6A CN114914647B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210539598.6A CN114914647B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114914647A CN114914647A (en) | 2022-08-16 |
| CN114914647B true CN114914647B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
Family
ID=82768714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210539598.6A Active CN114914647B (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114914647B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115332745B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-06-27 | 成都威频科技有限公司 | Wide stop band YIG tunable band-stop filter |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109346807A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-15 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of adjustable bimodule band-pass filter of magnetic |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4020429A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1977-04-26 | Motorola, Inc. | High power radio frequency tunable circuits |
| US4297661A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-10-27 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Ferrite substrate microwave filter |
| JPS61224702A (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-06 | Sony Corp | Ferromagnetic resonator |
| JPH0230208A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-01-31 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetostatic wave band pass filter |
| US5221912A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-06-22 | Keane William J | YIG tuned band reject filter for 2-18 GHz with full one-quarter wavelength RF coupling loops |
| US5309127A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-05-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Planar tunable YIG filter |
| WO1999005751A1 (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-04 | Tdk Corporation | Magnetostatic wave device |
| US7583167B2 (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2009-09-01 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | High frequency magnetic thin film filter |
| JP3990394B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2007-10-10 | 株式会社東芝 | High frequency filter |
| CN101017922A (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2007-08-15 | 电子科技大学 | Static magnetic surface wave band pass filter |
| CN106252802B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-03-19 | 西南应用磁学研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第九研究所) | YIG bandstop filter and production method based on planarization resonance coupled structure |
| CN108682932B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-12-11 | 苏州华博电子科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing micro-strip circuit on ferrite |
| CN113488749B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2023-01-17 | 电子科技大学 | 2-18GHz frequency band center frequency continuously adjustable broadband band-stop filter |
| CN113540717B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-03 | 成都威频科技有限公司 | Adjustable band-pass filter |
-
2022
- 2022-05-17 CN CN202210539598.6A patent/CN114914647B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109346807A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-15 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of adjustable bimodule band-pass filter of magnetic |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114914647A (en) | 2022-08-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108879044B (en) | Ultra-wideband band-pass filter structure with wide stop band and high selectivity | |
| CN110289469B (en) | Band-pass filter based on tunable one-dimensional filter array and design method thereof | |
| CN115275546B (en) | YIG tunable band-stop filter of 3GHz-8GHz | |
| Chu et al. | Compact ultra-wideband bandpass filter based on SIW and DGS technology with a notch band | |
| Roshani | A compact microstrip low-pass filter with ultra wide stopband using compact microstrip resonant cells | |
| CN105186080A (en) | Half-mode substrate integrated waveguide band-pass filter | |
| CN114914647B (en) | Tunable broadband band-stop filter based on ferrite material | |
| CN110380688B (en) | Push-push type oscillator based on microstrip differential band-pass filter | |
| Qiang et al. | A compact UWB HMSIW bandpass filter based on complementary split-ring resonators | |
| CN111261989A (en) | Non-reciprocal power divider and electromagnetic wave transmission device | |
| US20040246071A1 (en) | Radio-frequency filter, in particular in the form of a duplex filter | |
| CN102800909A (en) | Multimode filter | |
| CN108767382A (en) | The adjustable three moulds bandpass filter of electricity based on substrate integration wave-guide | |
| CN115332745B (en) | Wide stop band YIG tunable band-stop filter | |
| Xiao et al. | Novel compact split ring stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) bandpass filters with transmission zeros | |
| CN115313002B (en) | 3GHz-26.5GHz ultra-wideband YIG tunable band-stop filter | |
| CN116435731A (en) | N-order quarter-wavelength high out-of-band rejection filter structure and filter | |
| CN116130915A (en) | Multi-passband balance filter and power divider based on EBG structure | |
| CN210326063U (en) | Dual-mode dielectric strip resonator and differential dual-passband filter comprising same | |
| CN111628255B (en) | Compact wide-stop-band-pass filter based on packaging defected ground structure | |
| CN114039176A (en) | Dual-band frequency-adjustable microstrip band-pass filter | |
| Khan et al. | Parametric effect of defected ground structure (DGS) on frequency of a bandpass filter | |
| CN201498577U (en) | Directional filter with low insertion loss and high selection characteristic | |
| CN110994094A (en) | Differential three-passband filter for loading UIR based on T-branch node | |
| KR19980067593A (en) | Microwave Lowpass Filters |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |