CN114912254B - Method and system for optimizing scale of pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in closed scene - Google Patents
Method and system for optimizing scale of pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in closed scene Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy-duty truck power exchange station in a closed scene, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring parameters of a power exchange station, wherein the parameters comprise charging power P e of a charger and power exchange time t 1 for the power exchange station to exchange a vehicle battery; s2, acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the vehicle parameters comprise the power battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, the electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck in average per kilometer, the running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the number m of vehicles of a pure electric heavy truck team; and S3, calculating the scale of the battery exchange station according to the parameters of the battery exchange station and the parameters of the vehicle of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery exchange equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery exchange station. According to the invention, through the power exchange station parameter information, the vehicle parameter information and the pure electric heavy truck use scene information, the power exchange station scale parameter required by the energy supplementing of a certain-scale pure electric heavy truck team in a closed scene is obtained through optimization by a minimized method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile power exchange stations, and particularly relates to a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in a closed scene.
Background
Electric vehicles have become an important way to solve environmental pollution and sustainable development of energy. As an important supporting facility of an electric vehicle, an electric vehicle charging facility is also becoming an important direction of development of an infrastructure. Currently, the main electric vehicle charging facility charging modes include a slow charging mode, a fast charging mode, and a battery-changing mode.
The closed scene mainly comprises ports, steelworks, coal mines and the like, and has the characteristics of fixed operation areas and unfixed operation routes. Under the scene, the heavy truck is always in a 24-hour continuous operation state, and has the operation characteristics of high frequency, high load, high requirement on transportation efficiency and the like. The pure electric power conversion heavy truck can realize quick energy supply, can meet the requirements on transportation efficiency and operation intensity, and can cover the service requirement of the whole enclosed area by constructing a power conversion station.
In summary, the power conversion mode is an excellent energy supplementing mode for the pure electric heavy truck in a closed scene. With the development of the electric of the heavy truck and the powerful support of various items, the pure electric heavy truck power station has wide market prospect.
The planning and construction of the power exchange station are one of important subjects for realizing the power exchange mode. One of the difficulties to be solved in the construction of a power exchange station is the determination of the scale of the power exchange station, wherein the problems include the number of standby batteries, the number of chargers, the number of battery replacement equipment and the total power distribution capacity of the power exchange station. The scale of the power exchange station is an important basis for the construction of the power exchange station. In addition, the construction of the pure electric heavy truck power exchange station needs to consider the actual use condition of the pure electric heavy truck, which has great influence on the determination of the scale of the power exchange station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of scale determination during construction of the pure electric heavy truck power station in a closed scene, the invention provides a method and a system for optimizing the scale of the pure electric heavy truck power station in the closed scene, and the optimal scale of the pure electric heavy truck power station is calculated under the condition that the pure electric heavy truck requirement of a certain scale is met.
The invention provides a scale optimization method for a pure electric heavy-duty truck power exchange station in a closed scene, which comprises the following steps:
S1, acquiring parameters of a power exchange station, wherein the parameters comprise charging power P e of a charger and power exchange time t 1 for the power exchange station to exchange a vehicle battery;
S2, acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the vehicle parameters comprise the power battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, the electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck in average per kilometer, the running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the number m of vehicles of a pure electric heavy truck team;
S3, calculating the scale of the battery exchange station according to the parameters of the battery exchange station and the parameters of the vehicle of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery exchange equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery exchange station; the method comprises the following steps:
The time t 2 required for a power battery to be fully charged is:
the power P v consumed in the operation process of the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
Pv＝qi*v
The working time t 3 of the full-charged power battery used by the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
The number of battery replacement devices r is:
Wherein [ (i) represents taking the smallest integer value larger than the calculated value);
The number of cells n is:
The number k of the chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows:
Wherein, K represents the simultaneous coefficient of the chargers, which is determined by the use condition and the number of the chargers, S e represents the total power load capacity of other equipment except the chargers, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c represents the input capacity of the chargers equipped in the power exchange station, and the method is calculated by the following formula:
In the method, in the process of the invention, The power factor is represented, and η represents the working efficiency of the charger.
The invention provides a pure electric heavy truck power exchange station scale optimization system under a closed scene, which comprises a power exchange station parameter input unit, a vehicle parameter input unit, a pure electric heavy truck use scene unit and a power exchange station scale calculation unit.
The power exchange station parameter input unit is used for planning and designing a power exchange station and comprises a charging mode of a power exchange battery, charging power of a charger and power exchange time for replacing a vehicle battery. Further, the charging mode of the battery is a design mode of the charger, and the charging mode comprises a slow charging mode of charging by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode of charging by using direct current. The charging power of the charger is designed power P e of the charger, and proper charging power of the charger is selected according to different charging modes. The battery change time t 1 for changing the vehicle battery is: the battery replacement device of the power exchange station takes down the power battery which is required to be replaced by the pure electric heavy truck, and reinstallates the power battery which is full of electricity for the pure electric heavy truck until the pure electric heavy truck leaves the power exchange station for all the time.
The vehicle parameter input unit is a vehicle parameter of the pure electric heavy truck for supplementing energy by using the power exchange station, and comprises a power battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck per kilometer, a running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and a vehicle number m of a pure electric heavy truck team.
The pure electric heavy truck uses a scene unit as three parts of a total system control subunit, a vehicle subunit and a power exchange station subunit under a closed scene. Further, the total system control subunit receives information from the vehicle subunit and the power exchange station subunit, and transmits a power exchange instruction to the vehicle needing to be charged. Wherein the vehicle subunit information includes: position information of the vehicle and remaining power information of the vehicle power battery; the station subunit information includes: the state of charge information of all batteries in the battery exchange station and the operating state of the battery exchange station (whether a battery exchange is being performed or not). And the vehicle sub-unit realizes the cargo transportation in the closed scene, provides the position information of the vehicle and the residual electric quantity information of the power battery of the vehicle for the total system control sub-unit, and provides the information of preparing to change electricity for the power exchange station after receiving the instruction of changing the electricity. The battery replacement station subunit realizes the battery replacement and the battery charging of the vehicle, provides the charging state information of all batteries in the battery replacement station for the total system control subunit, and prepares for battery replacement in advance after receiving the battery replacement information of the vehicle. The vehicle energy supplementing requirement is balanced with the power exchange service of the power exchange station through the control of the main control subunit, and the vehicle does not need to be queued through the command system.
The power exchange station scale calculation unit is configured to calculate the scale of the power exchange station according to the power exchange station parameters, the vehicle parameters and the pure electric heavy truck use scene, and comprises the number of standby batteries, the number of chargers, the number of battery replacement equipment and the total power distribution capacity of the power exchange station. The time t 2 required for completely charging a power battery is as follows:
the power P v consumed in the operation process of the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
Pv＝qi*v
The working time t 3 of the full-charged power battery used by the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
the calculation method of the number r of the battery replacement devices is as follows: the number of battery replacement equipment is minimized, queuing phenomenon does not occur when the battery replacement equipment is used for replacing the power of the pure electric heavy truck team, and the number of the battery replacement equipment is as follows:
In the formula, f (x) = [ x ] is a ceiling function, and takes a minimum integer value larger than the calculated value on the right side of the formula.
The calculation mode of the number n of the batteries is as follows: the number of batteries of the power exchange station is minimized, queuing phenomenon does not occur when the battery of the pure electric heavy truck team is exchanged, namely, fully charged batteries exist when any pure electric heavy truck needs to be exchanged. There are three cases that the time t 2 required for fully charging a power battery is less than, equal to, and greater than the working time t 3 of the pure electric heavy card using a fully charged power battery. The number of the batteries is as follows:
the calculation mode of the number k of the chargers is as follows: according to the determined number r of battery replacement devices and the determined number n of batteries, the pure electric heavy truck realizes a normal power replacement function, and the number of chargers is minimized. The number of the chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
The calculation mode of the power distribution total capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows: the method comprises the steps of inputting capacity S c of a charger (calculated by output power of the charger, namely charging power P e) provided in a power exchange station, removing total power load capacity S e of other equipment except the charger, the number K of the charger, the simultaneous coefficient K of the charger, the optimal load rate beta of a power supply transformer and power factors And (5) determining. The distribution total capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows:
Wherein, beta is the optimal load rate of the transformer and is 0.8. The size of K is determined according to the number of the chargers and the use condition, and the value can be 0.8.
Wherein, the charger input capacity S c is:
Active filtering reactive compensation equipment and power factor are arranged in power distribution system of charging facility of power exchange station May be set to 0.95.η represents the working efficiency of the charger and is 0.9.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
According to the invention, through the power exchange station parameter information, the vehicle parameter information and the pure electric heavy truck use scene information, the power exchange station scale parameter required by the energy supplementing of a certain-scale pure electric heavy truck team in a closed scene is obtained through optimization by a minimized method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a scale optimization method of a pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in a closed scene;
fig. 2 is a frame diagram of a scale optimization system of a pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in a closed scene.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention relates to a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy truck power exchange station under a closed scene, wherein the system comprises a power exchange station parameter input unit, a vehicle parameter input unit, a pure electric heavy truck use scene unit and a power exchange station scale calculation unit, and the power exchange station and the vehicle input parameters are utilized to consider the balance of vehicle and station control in the pure electric heavy truck use scene unit, so that the pure electric heavy truck use of a certain scale is satisfied, the minimum power exchange station battery number, the minimum battery charger number and the minimum battery replacement equipment number are obtained by the calculation method of the scale of the power exchange station, and the power distribution total capacity of the power exchange station is obtained, thereby effectively guiding the scale design of the power exchange station.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention aims at minimizing the scale of the power exchange station in a closed scene, wherein the minimum scale of the power exchange station comprises the minimum number of spare batteries of the power exchange station, the minimum number of chargers and the minimum number of battery replacement equipment, and the power distribution total capacity of the power exchange station is obtained. It is worth noting that the scale of the power exchange station is minimum and can meet the energy supplementing requirement of the pure electric heavy truck in a closed scene.
The battery replacement station parameters in the battery replacement station parameter input unit comprise the charging mode of the battery replacement, the charging power of the charger and the battery replacement time for replacing the vehicle battery. Further, the charging mode of the battery is a design mode of the charger, and the charging mode comprises a slow charging mode of charging by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode of charging by using direct current. The charging power of the charger is designed power P e of the charger, and proper charging power of the charger is selected according to different charging modes. The battery change time t 1 for changing the vehicle battery is: and after the pure electric heavy truck enters the power exchange station, the power battery replacement device of the power exchange station takes down the power battery which needs to be replaced by the pure electric heavy truck, and reinstalles the power battery which is fully charged for the pure electric heavy truck until the pure electric heavy truck leaves the power exchange station for all the time.
The vehicle parameters in the vehicle parameter input unit comprise the battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, the electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck per kilometer, the running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck team.
The pure electric heavy truck use scene in the pure electric heavy truck use scene unit consists of a total system control subunit, a vehicle subunit and a battery replacement station subunit under a closed scene. Further, the overall system control subunit receives information from the vehicle subunit including the position information of the vehicle and the vehicle power battery remaining capacity information. The overall system control subunit receives information from the battery exchange station subunit including state of charge information for all batteries within the battery exchange station and the operational status of the battery exchange station (whether a battery exchange is occurring). And after the total system control subunit synthesizes the information and judges, the total system control subunit transmits a power change instruction to the vehicle needing to be charged. And after receiving the power change instruction, the vehicle unit provides the power change preparation information for the power change station. The power exchange station prepares to exchange power in advance after receiving the power exchange preparation of the vehicle subunit.
The power exchange station scale calculation unit is configured to calculate the scale of the power exchange station according to the power exchange station parameters, the vehicle parameters and the pure electric heavy truck usage scenario. The method comprises the steps of battery number, charger number, battery replacement equipment number and total power distribution capacity of a battery replacement station. The time t 2 required for completely charging a power battery is as follows:
the power P v consumed in the operation process of the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
Pv＝qi*v
The working time t 3 of the full-charged power battery used by the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
The calculation method of the number r of the battery replacement devices comprises the following steps: the number of the battery replacement devices is minimized, and the queuing phenomenon is avoided when the battery replacement of the pure electric heavy truck team is performed. When the number r of the battery replacing devices is 1, queuing phenomenon does not occur when the electric vehicle team is required to replace electricity, and the total electricity replacing time m x t 1 of the m electric heavy cards is smaller than or equal to the working time t 3 of one electric heavy card, namely, the electric replacement of the m electric heavy cards can be completed when one electric heavy card works. When the number r of the battery replacing devices is larger than 1, the number r is equivalent to that of m pure electric heavy cards, and each battery replacing device is divided into q parts, wherein 1 battery replacing device is used for each part. The number of the battery replacing devices should be satisfied And is an integer, so the number of battery replacement devices is:
in the formula, f (x) = [ x ] is a ceiling function, and is rounded up, i.e. takes the smallest integer value larger than the calculated value on the right side of the formula.
The calculation mode of the number n of the batteries is as follows: the number of batteries of the power exchange station is minimized, queuing phenomenon does not occur when the battery of the pure electric heavy truck team is exchanged, namely, fully charged batteries exist when any pure electric heavy truck needs to be exchanged. There are three cases that the time t 2 required for fully charging a power battery is less than, equal to, and greater than the working time t 3 of the pure electric heavy card using a fully charged power battery. When t 2＝t3, the charging time of the power battery is equal to the service time of the fully charged power battery, the power battery can just fully charge the power battery when the other power battery runs out of the power, if only the requirement of 1 vehicle is met, the power exchange station only needs to prepare one battery, and the condition that the vehicle has no fully charged battery when the vehicle needs to exchange and supplement energy can be avoided, so that n=m is carried out when m vehicles are used; when t 2<t3, the charging time of the power battery is shorter than the service time of the fully charged power battery, and considering the condition of t 2＝t3, the method is equivalent to that a vehicle only needsThe block battery can meet the requirement, so the number of the batteries should meet/>When the small probability condition of t 2≤t1 occurs, the power battery can be fully charged in any pure electric heavy truck power conversion process, at the moment, n=r, and queuing phenomenon can not occur only by preparing the batteries with the same quantity as the quantity r of the battery replacement equipment; when t 2＞t3, the charging time of the power battery is longer than the service time of the fully charged power battery, and considering the condition of t 2＝t3, the method is equivalent to that one vehicle only needs/>The block battery can meet the requirement, so the number of the batteries should meet/>Because the number of batteries is an integer, the number of batteries is:
the calculation mode of the number k of the chargers is as follows: according to the determined number r of battery replacement devices and the determined number n of batteries, the pure electric heavy truck realizes a normal power replacement function, and the number of chargers is minimized. The number of the chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
The calculation mode of the power distribution total capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows: the method comprises the steps of inputting capacity S c of a charger (calculated by output power of the charger, namely charging power P e) provided in a power exchange station, removing total power load capacity S e of other equipment except the charger, the number K of the charger, the simultaneous coefficient K of the charger, the optimal load rate beta of a power supply transformer and power factors And (5) determining. The distribution total capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows:
Wherein, beta is the optimal load rate of the transformer and is 0.8. The size of K is determined according to the number of the chargers and the use condition, and the value can be 0.8. Wherein, the input capacity S c of the charger is
Active filtering reactive compensation equipment and power factor are arranged in power distribution system of charging facility of power exchange stationMay be set to 0.95.η represents the working efficiency of the charger and is 0.9.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for optimizing the scale of the pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in a closed scene is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, acquiring parameters of a power exchange station, wherein the parameters comprise charging power P e of a charger and power exchange time t 1 for the power exchange station to exchange a vehicle battery;
S2, acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the vehicle parameters comprise the power battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, the electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck in average per kilometer, the running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the number m of vehicles of a pure electric heavy truck team;
S3, calculating the scale of the battery exchange station according to the parameters of the battery exchange station and the parameters of the vehicle of the pure electric heavy truck, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery exchange equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery exchange station; the method comprises the following steps:
The time t 2 required for a power battery to be fully charged is:
the power P v consumed in the operation process of the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
Pv＝qi*v
The working time t 3 of the full-charged power battery used by the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
The number of battery replacement devices r is:
Wherein [ (i) represents taking the smallest integer value larger than the calculated value);
The number of cells n is:
The number k of the chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows:
Wherein, K represents the simultaneous coefficient of the chargers, which is determined by the use condition and the number of the chargers, S e represents the total power load capacity of other equipment except the chargers, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c represents the input capacity of the chargers equipped in the power exchange station, and the method is calculated by the following formula:
In the method, in the process of the invention, The power factor is represented, and η represents the working efficiency of the charger.
2. The method for optimizing the scale of the pure electric heavy truck power exchange station in the closed scene according to claim 1, wherein the charging power P e of the charger is properly selected according to different charging modes; wherein the charging mode includes a slow charging mode in which charging is performed using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode in which charging is performed using direct current.
3. The method for optimizing the scale of a battery-changing station for a heavy truck in a closed scene according to claim 1, wherein the battery-changing time t 1 for changing the vehicle battery of the battery-changing station is: the battery replacement device of the power exchange station takes down the power battery which is required to be replaced by the pure electric heavy truck, and reinstallates the power battery which is full of electricity for the pure electric heavy truck until the pure electric heavy truck leaves the power exchange station for all the time.
4. The utility model provides a pure electric heavy truck trades power station scale optimization system under closed scene which characterized in that, this system includes: a power exchange station parameter unit, a vehicle parameter unit and a power exchange station scale calculation unit;
the power exchange station parameter unit is used for acquiring power exchange station parameters, including charging power P e of a charger and power exchange time t 1 of the power exchange station for replacing a vehicle battery;
The vehicle parameter unit is used for acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, and comprises a power battery capacity C b of the pure electric heavy truck, electric energy q i consumed by the pure electric heavy truck in average per kilometer, a running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and a vehicle number m of a pure electric heavy truck team;
The power exchange station scale calculation unit is used for calculating the scale of the power exchange station according to the power exchange station parameters and the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, and comprises the number r of battery exchange equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the power exchange station; the method comprises the following steps:
The time t 2 required for a power battery to be fully charged is:
the power P v consumed in the operation process of the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
Pv＝qi*v
The working time t 3 of the full-charged power battery used by the pure electric heavy truck is as follows:
The number of battery replacement devices r is:
Wherein [ (i) represents taking the smallest integer value larger than the calculated value);
The number of cells n is:
The number k of the chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power exchange station is as follows:
Wherein, K represents the simultaneous coefficient of the chargers, which is determined by the use condition and the number of the chargers, S e represents the total power load capacity of other equipment except the chargers, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c represents the input capacity of the chargers equipped in the power exchange station, and the method is calculated by the following formula:
In the method, in the process of the invention, The power factor is represented, and η represents the working efficiency of the charger.
5. The system for optimizing the scale of a full-electric heavy truck battery-replacement station in a closed scene according to claim 4, wherein the charging power P e of the charger is properly selected according to different charging modes; wherein the charging mode includes a slow charging mode in which charging is performed using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode in which charging is performed using direct current.
6. The system for optimizing the scale of a battery-powered heavy truck battery-replacement station in a closed scenario of claim 4, wherein the battery-replacement time t 1 for replacing the vehicle battery in the battery-replacement station is: the battery replacement device of the power exchange station takes down the power battery which is required to be replaced by the pure electric heavy truck, and reinstallates the power battery which is full of electricity for the pure electric heavy truck until the pure electric heavy truck leaves the power exchange station for all the time.
7. The system for optimizing the scale of a power-only heavy truck power plant in a closed scene according to claim 4, further comprising a power-only heavy truck usage scene unit, wherein the power-only heavy truck usage scene unit comprises a total system control subunit, a vehicle subunit and a power plant subunit;
The total system control subunit is used for receiving information from the vehicle subunit and the power exchange station subunit, and further transmitting a power exchange instruction to a vehicle needing to be charged; the vehicle subunit information comprises position information of a vehicle and residual electric quantity information of a power battery of the vehicle; the sub-unit information of the power exchange station comprises charging state information of all batteries in the power exchange station and the running state of the power exchange station;
The vehicle sub-unit is used for realizing cargo transportation in a closed scene, providing the position information of the vehicle and the residual capacity information of the power battery of the vehicle for the total system control sub-unit, and providing the information of preparing to change electricity for the power exchange station after receiving the instruction;
The battery replacement station subunit is used for realizing the battery replacement and the battery charging of the vehicle, providing the charging state information of all batteries in the battery replacement station for the total system control subunit, and preparing for battery replacement in advance after receiving the battery replacement information of the vehicle;
The vehicle energy supplementing requirement is balanced with the power exchange service of the power exchange station by the control of the main control subunit, and the vehicle is controlled by the instruction without queuing.
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| CN103810539A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 华北电力大学 | Optimal capacity configuration method considering availability of power conversion service for electric automobile converter station |
| CN111177637A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-19 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Capacity configuration method for power battery of electric automobile battery replacement station |
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| CN103810539A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 华北电力大学 | Optimal capacity configuration method considering availability of power conversion service for electric automobile converter station |
| CN111177637A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-19 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Capacity configuration method for power battery of electric automobile battery replacement station |
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