CN114912254A - Method and system for optimizing scale of pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in closed scene - Google Patents
Method and system for optimizing scale of pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in closed scene Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in a closed scene, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring the parameters of the battery replacement station, including the charging power P of the charger e And battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery in battery replacement station 1 (ii) a S2, obtaining vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, including the power battery capacity C of the pure electric heavy truck b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet are calculated; and S3, calculating the scale of the battery replacement station according to the battery replacement station parameters and the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy card, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery replacement equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery replacement station. The invention obtains the pure electric heavy truck fleet meeting a certain scale under a closed scene by optimizing the swapping station parameter information, the vehicle parameter information and the pure electric heavy truck use scene information by a minimization methodAnd (4) supplementing the size parameters of the power change station required by energy supplement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric automobile battery replacement stations, and particularly relates to a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a battery electric heavy truck battery replacement station in a closed scene.
Background
Electric vehicles have become an important approach to solve environmental pollution and sustainable energy development. As an important supporting facility for electric vehicles, an electric vehicle charging facility is also becoming an important direction for infrastructure development. Currently, the charging modes of the main electric vehicle charging facilities include a slow charging mode, a fast charging mode and a battery replacement mode.
The closed scene mainly comprises ports, steel mills, coal mines and the like and has the characteristics of fixed operation area and unfixed operation route. Under the scene, the heavy truck is always in a 24-hour continuous operation state and has the operation characteristics of high frequency, high load, high requirement on transportation efficiency and the like. The pure electric power conversion heavy truck can realize quick supply of energy, can meet the requirements on transportation efficiency and operation strength, and can cover the service requirement of the whole closed area by constructing a power conversion station.
In conclusion, the battery replacement mode is an excellent energy supplementing mode for the pure electric heavy truck in a closed scene. With the electric development and powerful support of various items of heavy trucks, the pure electric heavy truck power station has wide market prospect.
The power change station planning and construction are one of important subjects for realizing a power change mode. In the construction of the power change station, one of the difficult problems to be solved is the determination of the scale of the power change station, wherein the difficult problems include the number of standby batteries, the number of chargers, the number of battery replacement devices and the total power distribution capacity of the power change station. The scale of the power conversion station is an important basis for the construction of the power conversion station. In addition, the actual use condition of the pure electric heavy card needs to be considered in the construction of the pure electric heavy card power conversion station, which has great influence on the determination of the scale of the power conversion station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of scale determination during construction of the pure electric heavy truck power change station in a closed scene, the invention provides a scale optimization method and a scale optimization system for the pure electric heavy truck power change station in the closed scene, and the optimal scale of the pure electric heavy truck power change station is measured and calculated under the condition that the requirements of a certain scale of the pure electric heavy truck are met.
The invention provides a method for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in a closed scene, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the parameters of the battery replacement station, including the charging power P of the charger e And battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery in battery replacement station 1 ；
S2, acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, includingPower battery capacity C of pure electric heavy truck b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet are calculated;
s3, calculating the scale of the battery replacement station according to the battery replacement station parameters and the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy card, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery replacement equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery replacement station; the method comprises the following specific steps:
time t required by one power battery to be fully charged 2 Comprises the following steps:
consumed power P in running process of pure electric heavy truck v Comprises the following steps:
P v ＝q i *v
working time t of pure electric heavy truck using one fully charged power battery 3 Comprises the following steps:
the number r of the battery replacement devices is as follows:
wherein [ ] represents taking the smallest integer value that is greater than the calculated value;
the number n of the batteries is:
the number k of chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power change station is as follows:
in the formula, K represents the simultaneous coefficient of the charger and is determined by the service condition and the number of the charger, S e Represents the total electric load capacity of other equipment except the charger, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c The input capacity of a charger equipped in the battery replacement station is represented and calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power factor is represented, and eta represents the working efficiency of the charger.
The invention provides a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy truck battery replacing station in a closed scene.
The charging station parameter input unit is used for planning and designing the charging station, and comprises a charging mode of a charging battery, charging power of a charger and charging time for replacing a vehicle battery. Further, the charging mode of the battery replacement is a design mode of a charger, and comprises a slow charging mode for charging by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode for charging by using direct current. The charging power of the charger is the design power P of the charger e And selecting proper charging power of the charger according to different charging modes. Battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery 1 Comprises the following steps: the battery replacing device of the battery replacing station is used for removing the power battery needing to be replaced of the pure electric heavy card and reinstalling the power battery full of electric quantity for the pure electric heavy card until the pure electric heavy card leaves the battery replacing station for the whole time.
The vehicle parameter input unit is the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck which can supplement energy by using the battery replacement station, and comprises the power battery capacity of the pure electric heavy truckQuantity C b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet.
The pure electric heavy truck uses the scene unit to be total system control subunit, vehicle subunit and trades three parts of power station subunit under the closed scene. Further, the total system control subunit receives information from the vehicle subunit and the battery replacement station subunit and transmits a battery replacement instruction to the vehicle needing to be charged. Wherein the vehicle subunit information includes: the position information of the vehicle and the residual electric quantity information of the power battery of the vehicle; the information of the power swapping station electronic unit comprises: charging state information of all batteries in the battery replacement station and the running state of the battery replacement station (whether battery replacement is carried out or not). The vehicle subunit realizes cargo transportation in a closed scene, provides position information of the vehicle and residual electric quantity information of the vehicle power battery for the main system control subunit, and provides electricity replacement preparation information for the electricity replacement station after receiving the electricity replacement instruction. The battery replacement station electronic unit realizes battery replacement and battery charging of the vehicle, provides charging state information of all batteries in the battery replacement station for the main system control electronic unit, and prepares battery replacement in advance after receiving the vehicle battery replacement information. Through the control of the master control subunit, the vehicle energy supplementing requirement is balanced with the power exchanging service of the power exchanging station, and the vehicle does not need to queue through the command system.
The battery replacement station scale calculation unit is configured to calculate the scale of the battery replacement station according to the battery replacement station parameters, the vehicle parameters and the pure electric heavy card use scene, wherein the scale includes the number of standby batteries, the number of chargers, the number of battery replacement devices and the total power distribution capacity of the battery replacement station. Wherein, the time t required by a power battery to be fully charged 2 Comprises the following steps:
consumed power P in running process of pure electric heavy truck v Comprises the following steps:
P v ＝q i *v
working time t of pure electric heavy truck using one fully charged power battery 3 Comprises the following steps:
the calculation method of the number r of the battery replacement devices is as follows: the phenomenon of lining up does not appear when minimizing battery and changing equipment number and making electricelectric move heavy truck fleet trade electric, and battery change equipment number is:
where f (x) is a ceiling function, and the minimum integer value is greater than the right-hand side of the formula.
The calculation method of the number n of the batteries is as follows: the battery quantity of the battery replacement station is minimized, and no queuing phenomenon occurs when the pure electric heavy truck fleet replaces the battery, namely, when any pure electric heavy truck needs to replace the battery, the fully charged battery exists. There is a time t required for a power battery to be fully charged 2 Less than, equal to and more than the working time t of a full-charged power battery used by a pure electric heavy truck 3 These three cases. The number of batteries is:
the calculation mode of the number k of the chargers is as follows: and according to the determined number r of the battery replacement devices and the determined number n of the batteries, the pure electric heavy card realizes a normal battery replacement function, and the number of chargers is minimized. The number of chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the calculation method of the total power distribution capacity S of the power change station comprises the following steps: input capacity S of charger equipped in battery replacement station c (Power output by charger, i.e. charging Power P e Calculated), total electrical load capacity S of other devices except the charger e The number K of chargers, the simultaneous coefficient K of the chargers, the optimal load factor beta of the power supply transformer and the power factor
And (6) determining. The total power distribution capacity S of the power change station is as follows:
in the formula, beta is the optimal load factor of the transformer and is 0.8. The size of K is determined according to the number of chargers and the use condition, and the value can be 0.8.
Wherein, the input capacity S of the charger c Comprises the following steps:
an active filtering reactive compensation device and a power factor are arranged in a power distribution system of a charging facility of a power conversion station
May be set to 0.95. Eta represents the working efficiency of the charger and is 0.9.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the size parameters of the battery replacement station required by meeting the energy supplement of the pure electric heavy truck fleet of a certain scale in a closed scene are obtained by optimizing the battery replacement station parameter information, the vehicle parameter information and the use scene information of the pure electric heavy truck in a minimized way.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pure electric heavy truck power change station scale optimization method in a closed scene;
fig. 2 is a frame diagram of a pure electric heavy truck power station scale optimization system in a closed scene.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention relates to a method and a system for optimizing the scale of a pure electric heavy card battery replacement station in a closed scene.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention aims at minimizing the scale of the swapping station in a closed scene, where the minimizing of the scale of the swapping station includes minimizing the number of standby batteries in the swapping station, minimizing the number of chargers, and minimizing the number of battery replacement devices, and obtains the total power distribution capacity of the swapping station. It is worth noting that the minimum scale of the power conversion station can meet the requirement of pure electric heavy truck energy supplement in a closed scene.
The charging station parameters in the charging station parameter input unit comprise the charging mode of the charging battery, the charging power of the charger and the charging time for replacing the vehicle battery. Further, the charging mode of the battery replacement unit is a design mode of a charger, and includes a slow charging mode in which charging is performed by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode in which charging is performed by using direct current. The charging power of the charger is the design power P of the charger e And selecting proper charging power of the charger according to different charging modes. Battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery 1 Comprises the following steps: after the pure electric heavy truck enters the battery replacement station, the battery replacement device of the battery replacement station takes down the power battery to be replaced of the pure electric heavy truck and reinstalls the power battery fully charged with electricity for the pure electric heavy truck until the pure electric heavy truck leaves the battery replacement station for the whole time of use.
Vehicle parameter inputThe vehicle parameters in the unit comprise the battery capacity C of the pure electric heavy truck b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet.
The scene of using the pure electric heavy card in the scene unit of using the pure electric heavy card is composed of a main system control subunit, a vehicle subunit and a power station replacing subunit in a closed scene. Further, the overall system control subunit receives information from the vehicle subunit, the vehicle subunit information including position information of the vehicle and vehicle power battery remaining capacity information. The main system control subunit receives information from the power change station subunit, and the information of the power change station subunit includes the charging state information of all the batteries in the power change station and the running state of the power change station (whether power change is being performed). And after the total system control subunit integrates the information for judgment, the total system control subunit transmits a battery replacement instruction to the vehicle needing to be charged. And the vehicle unit provides power swapping preparation information to the power swapping station after receiving the power swapping command. And after the battery replacement station receives the battery replacement information prepared by the vehicle electronic unit, the battery replacement preparation is made in advance.
The swapping station scale calculation unit is configured to calculate the scale of the swapping station according to the swapping station parameters, the vehicle parameters and the pure electric heavy card use scene. The method comprises the following steps of battery quantity, the number of chargers, the number of battery replacement equipment and the total power distribution capacity of a battery replacement station. Wherein, the time t required by a power battery to be fully charged 2 Comprises the following steps:
consumed power P in running process of pure electric heavy truck v Comprises the following steps:
P v ＝q i *v
working time t of pure electric heavy truck using one fully charged power battery 3 Comprises the following steps:
the method for calculating the number r of the battery replacing devices comprises the following steps: the queuing phenomenon does not occur when the pure electric heavy truck fleet replaces the batteries by minimizing the number of the battery replacement equipment. When the number r of the battery replacement equipment is 1, the queuing phenomenon does not occur when the pure electric heavy truck fleet replaces the battery, and the total battery replacement time m x t of m pure electric heavy trucks 1 Should be less than or equal to the working time t of a pure electric heavy truck 3 Namely, when one pure electric heavy truck works, the battery replacement of m pure electric heavy trucks can be finished. When the number r of the battery replacing devices is larger than 1, the battery replacing devices are equivalent to q parts of m pure electric heavy cards, and each part uses 1 battery replacing device. The number of the battery replacing equipment is required to meet
And is an integer, so the number of the battery replacing equipment is as follows:
where f (x) is the ceiling function, rounded up, i.e. the smallest integer value greater than the right-hand computed value of the formula.
The calculation method of the number n of the batteries is as follows: the battery quantity of the battery replacement station is minimized, and no queuing phenomenon occurs when the pure electric heavy truck fleet replaces the battery, namely, when any pure electric heavy truck needs to replace the battery, the fully charged battery exists. There is a time t required for a power battery to be fully charged 2 Less than, equal to and more than the working time t of a full-charged power battery used by a pure electric heavy truck 3 These three cases. When t is 2 ＝t 3 When the power battery is charged for a period of time equal to the service time of a fully charged power battery, the power battery can be fully charged with electric energy just when the other power battery is exhausted, if the requirement of 1 vehicle is met, the power exchanging station only needs to prepare one battery, the situation that the fully charged battery is not available when the vehicle needs to exchange and supplement electric energy can be avoided, and therefore n is equal to m when m vehicles run; when t is 2 <t 3 When the charging time of the power battery is shorter than the service time of the fully charged power battery, the t is considered 2 ＝t 3 In the case of (2), corresponding to a vehicle requiring only one vehicle
The block battery can meet the requirement, so the number of the batteries should meet the requirement
When t occurs 2 ≤t 1 Under the condition of small probability, the power battery can be fully charged with electric energy in the electricity changing process of any pure electric heavy truck, and at the moment, only batteries with the number r equal to that of the battery changing equipment need to be prepared, so that the queuing phenomenon cannot occur; when t is 2 ＞t 3 When the charging time of the power battery is longer than the service time of the fully charged power battery, the t is considered 2 ＝t 3 In the case of (2), corresponding to a vehicle requiring only one vehicle
The block battery can meet the requirement, so the number of the batteries should meet the requirement
Since the number of cells is an integer, the number of cells is:
the calculation mode of the number k of the chargers is as follows: and according to the determined number r of the battery replacement devices and the determined number n of the batteries, the pure electric heavy card realizes a normal battery replacement function, and the number of chargers is minimized. The number of chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the calculation method of the total power distribution capacity S of the power change station comprises the following steps: input capacity S of charger equipped in battery replacement station c (Power output by charger, i.e. charging Power P e Calculated), total electrical load capacity S of other devices except the charger e The number K of chargers, the simultaneous coefficient K of the chargers, the optimal load factor beta of the power supply transformer and the power factor
And (6) determining. The total power distribution capacity S of the power change station is as follows:
in the formula, beta is the optimal load factor of the transformer and is 0.8. The size of K is determined according to the number of chargers and the use condition, and the value can be 0.8. Wherein, the input capacity S of the charger c Is composed of
An active filtering reactive compensation device and a power factor are arranged in a power distribution system of a charging facility of a power conversion station
May be set to 0.95. Eta represents the working efficiency of the charger and is 0.9.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A pure electric heavy truck power station scale optimization method in a closed scene is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring the parameters of the battery replacement station, including the charging power P of the charger e And battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery in battery replacement station 1 ；
S2, obtaining vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy card, including power battery capacity C of the pure electric heavy card b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet are calculated;
s3, calculating the scale of the battery replacement station according to the battery replacement station parameters and the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy card, wherein the scale comprises the number r of battery replacement equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery replacement station; the method comprises the following specific steps:
time t required by one power battery to be fully charged 2 Comprises the following steps:
consumed power P in running process of pure electric heavy truck v Comprises the following steps:
P v ＝q i *v
working time t of pure electric heavy truck using one fully charged power battery 3 Comprises the following steps:
the number r of the battery replacement devices is as follows:
wherein [ ] represents taking the smallest integer value that is greater than the calculated value;
the number n of the batteries is:
the number k of chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power change station is as follows:
wherein K represents the coefficient of the chargerDetermined by the use condition and the number of the chargers S e Represents the total electric load capacity of other equipment except the charger, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c The input capacity of a charger equipped in the battery replacement station is represented and calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power factor is represented, and eta represents the working efficiency of the charger.
2. The pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station scale optimization method under the closed scene according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging power P of the charger is properly selected according to different charging modes e (ii) a The charging mode comprises a slow charging mode for charging by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode for charging by using direct current.
3. The pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station scale optimization method under the closed scene according to claim 1, wherein the battery replacement time t for replacing the vehicle battery by the battery replacement station 1 Comprises the following steps: the battery replacing device of the battery replacing station is used for removing the power battery needing to be replaced of the pure electric heavy card and reinstalling the power battery full of electric quantity for the pure electric heavy card until the pure electric heavy card leaves the battery replacing station for the whole time.
4. The utility model provides a pure electric heavy truck trades power station scale optimization system under closed scene which characterized in that, this system includes: the system comprises a power station changing parameter unit, a vehicle parameter unit and a power station changing scale calculation unit;
the battery replacement station parameter unit is used for acquiring battery replacement station parameters including charging power P of a charger e And battery replacement time t for replacing vehicle battery in battery replacement station 1 ；
The vehicle parameter unit is used for acquiring vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy truck, including the power battery capacity C of the pure electric heavy truck b Electric energy q consumed by pure electric heavy truck on average per kilometer i The running speed v of the pure electric heavy truck and the vehicle number m of the pure electric heavy truck fleet are calculated;
the battery swapping station scale calculation unit is used for calculating the scale of the battery swapping station according to the battery swapping station parameters and the vehicle parameters of the pure electric heavy card, and the scale comprises the number r of battery replacing equipment, the number n of batteries, the number k of chargers and the total power distribution capacity S of the battery swapping station; the method comprises the following specific steps:
time t required by one power battery to be fully charged 2 Comprises the following steps:
consumed power P in running process of pure electric heavy truck v Comprises the following steps:
P v ＝q i *v
working time t of pure electric heavy truck using one fully charged power battery 3 Comprises the following steps:
the number r of the battery replacement devices is as follows:
wherein [ ] represents taking the smallest integer value that is greater than the calculated value;
the number n of the batteries is:
the number k of chargers is as follows:
k＝n+r
the total power distribution capacity S of the power change station is as follows:
in the formula, K represents the simultaneous coefficient of the charger and is determined by the service condition and the number of the charger, S e Represents the total electric load capacity of other equipment except the charger, beta represents the optimal load rate of the power supply transformer, S c The input capacity of a charger equipped in the battery replacement station is represented and calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the power factor is represented, and eta represents the working efficiency of the charger.
5. The system for optimizing the size of the pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in the closed scene according to claim 4, wherein the charging power P of the charger is properly selected according to different charging modes e (ii) a The charging mode comprises a slow charging mode for charging by using unidirectional alternating current and a fast charging mode for charging by using direct current.
6. The system for optimizing the scale of the pure electric heavy truck battery replacement station in the closed scene according to claim 4, wherein the battery replacement time t for replacing the vehicle battery in the battery replacement station 1 Comprises the following steps: the battery replacing device of the battery replacing station is used for removing the power battery needing to be replaced of the pure electric heavy card and reinstalling the power battery full of electric quantity for the pure electric heavy card until the pure electric heavy card leaves the battery replacing station for the whole time.
7. The system for optimizing the scale of the pure electric heavy card swapping station in the closed scene according to claim 4, further comprising a pure electric heavy card use scene unit, wherein the pure electric heavy card use scene unit comprises a total system control subunit, a vehicle subunit and a swapping station subunit;
the main system control subunit is used for receiving information from the vehicle subunit and the battery replacement station subunit and further transmitting a battery replacement instruction to a vehicle needing to be charged; the vehicle subunit information comprises position information of the vehicle and residual electric quantity information of a vehicle power battery; the information of the power change station electronic unit comprises the charging state information of all batteries in the power change station and the running state of the power change station;
the vehicle subunit is used for realizing the cargo transportation in a closed scene, providing the position information of the vehicle and the residual electric quantity information of the vehicle power battery to the total system control subunit, and providing the battery replacement preparation information to the battery replacement station after receiving the instruction;
the battery replacement station electronic unit is used for realizing battery replacement and battery charging of the vehicle, providing charging state information of all batteries in the battery replacement station for the main system control electronic unit, and making battery replacement preparation in advance after receiving the vehicle battery replacement information;
through the control of the master control subunit, the vehicle energy supplementing requirement is balanced with the power exchanging service of the power exchanging station, and the vehicle is controlled through an instruction without queuing.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103810539A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-21 | 华北电力大学 | Optimal capacity configuration method considering availability of power conversion service for electric automobile converter station |
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