CN114910896B - Illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and use method - Google Patents

Illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114910896B
CN114910896B CN202210838386.8A CN202210838386A CN114910896B CN 114910896 B CN114910896 B CN 114910896B CN 202210838386 A CN202210838386 A CN 202210838386A CN 114910896 B CN114910896 B CN 114910896B
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surveying
data
mapping
remote sensing
bearing
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CN114910896A (en
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罗隽
杨慧珠
陈朋龙
白雪原
华雷
龚海峰
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South China Institute of Environmental Science of Ministry of Ecology and Environment
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South China Institute of Environmental Science of Ministry of Ecology and Environment
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
    • B64C39/024—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C7/00—Tracing profiles
    • G01C7/02—Tracing profiles of land surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/862—Combination of radar systems with sonar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
    • H04N7/185—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/20—Remote controls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
    • G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources

Abstract

The invention relates to an illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system which comprises a comprehensive assessment server, at least one of an aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism, an underwater surveying and mapping mechanism and a data communication base station, wherein the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism are in data connection with the data communication base station through a wireless communication network, and the data communication base station is in data connection with the comprehensive assessment server through the wireless communication network. The using method comprises four steps of system presetting, data presetting, monitoring mapping and data analysis. The invention can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring and evaluating the change states of the ecological environments of riverbeds and riverways along the banks in different types of water areas, has high monitoring precision and comprehensive monitoring data acquisition, can realize the ecological transformation, prediction and evaluation of the riverways along the banks and the riverbeds according to the surveying and mapping data, and is beneficial to timely discovering the stealing river sand mining condition and pre-judging the ecological damage state of the riverways caused by the sand mining.

Description

Illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of remote sensing survey.
Background
According to the requirement, when the river sand stealing mining and the water area ecological environment supervision are carried out, vessels and unmanned aerial vehicles are often mainly used for patrol supervision, although the requirement for the river sand stealing mining behavior supervision can be met to a certain extent, on one hand, the traditional supervision method is low in working efficiency, high in labor intensity and high in working cost for the river sand stealing mining behavior supervision, and the situations of missing, mischecking and the like are easy to occur in working, especially the situation that the river bed monitoring difficulty is high due to the fact that the water depth is large, so that the ecological damage detection difficulty and the cost are high for the river channel due to the river sand stealing mining are caused; on the other hand, when the current monitoring method is used for monitoring illegal mining of river channels, data acquisition is single, and data precision is poor, so that damage to the ecological environment caused by illegal mining of river sand in the current river channels cannot be accurately evaluated, and damage to the ecological environment caused by illegal mining of river sand cannot be effectively predicted and evaluated, so that damage to the environment of river channel water areas caused by illegal mining of river sand is insufficient, and the situation of illegal mining of river sand cannot be found timely.
Therefore, in order to solve the problem, a brand-new illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and method are urgently needed to be developed so as to meet the actual use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system and method.
The utility model provides an illegal sand production ecological environment harm evaluation system, including comprehensive evaluation server, aviation remote sensing mapping mechanism, mapping mechanism and data communication basic station under water, aviation remote sensing mapping mechanism, mapping mechanism all is at least one under water, each aviation remote sensing mapping mechanism, mapping mechanism all passes through wireless communication network with the data communication basic station and establishes data connection under water, data communication basic station in addition with comprehensive evaluation server between establish data connection through wireless communication network, and mapping mechanism establishes data connection between passing through data communication basic station and aviation remote sensing mapping mechanism under water in addition, data communication basic station quantity is no less than two, each data communication base station is connected through wireless communication network, and the interval is not less than 500 meters between two adjacent data communication basic stations.
Furthermore, the aviation remote sensing mapping mechanism comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle carrier, a mounting disc, a rotary table mechanism, a driving guide rail, a monitoring camera, a far infrared remote sensing mapping device, a laser remote sensing mapping device, a microwave remote sensing mapping device, a wireless communication device, a multi-path voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit and a data processing circuit, wherein the mounting disc is of a groove-shaped structure with a cross section of 2086666, the upper end surface of the mounting disc is connected with the outer surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier through the rotary table mechanism, the axis of the mounting disc and the horizontal plane form an included angle of 0-90 degrees, the driving guide rail is embedded in a groove body of the lower end surface of the mounting disc and is of a closed annular structure coaxially distributed with the mounting disc, and the monitoring camera, the far infrared remote sensing mapping device, the laser remote sensing mapping device and the microwave remote sensing mapping device are all embedded in the groove body of the lower end surface of the mounting disc, surround the mounting disc axis equipartition and be connected with the drive guide rail, and sliding connection between surveillance camera head, far infrared remote sensing mapping device, laser remote sensing mapping device, microwave remote sensing mapping device all pass through drive guide rail and mounting disc, wireless communication device, multichannel constant voltage power supply circuit, data processing circuit all inlay in the mounting disc up end, and data processing circuit respectively with unmanned aerial vehicle carrier, revolving stage mechanism, drive guide rail, surveillance camera head, far infrared remote sensing mapping device, laser remote sensing mapping device, microwave remote sensing mapping device, wireless communication device, multichannel constant voltage power supply circuit electrical connection, multichannel constant voltage power supply circuit in addition with unmanned aerial vehicle carrier electrical connection, wireless communication device establishes data connection with the communication circuit of unmanned aerial vehicle carrier in addition.
Furthermore, the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism comprises a bearing ship body, a monitoring camera, a ranging radar, an auxiliary illuminating lamp, a sonar device, bearing plates, bearing seats, a wireless communication device, a multi-path stabilized voltage supply circuit and a data processing circuit, wherein the bearing seats are in a U-shaped groove-shaped structure in cross section, are coated on the lower end surface of the bearing ship body and are distributed along the axis direction, at least two bearing plates are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the bearing seats, are in plate-shaped structures in rectangular cross sections, are hinged with the side walls of the bearing seats through a swinging mechanism, are distributed in parallel with the axis of the bearing seats, and form an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, are arranged on the bearing plates, are vertically distributed with the axis of the bearing grooves, and are respectively embedded in one bearing groove, the three-dimensional turntable is hinged with the wall of the bearing groove, the axes of the distance measuring radar and the sonar device form an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, the distance measuring radar and the sonar device are electrically connected with the data processing circuit, the number of the monitoring cameras is two, the two monitoring cameras are respectively embedded in the lower end surface positions of the front half part and the rear half part of the bearing seat, the optical axis of the monitoring camera is intersected with the axis of the bearing seat and forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, the monitoring camera comprises a monitoring camera body, a wireless communication device, a multi-path voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, a data processing circuit, auxiliary illuminating lamps, a load bearing seat, a wireless communication device, a multi-path voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, a distance measuring radar, the auxiliary illuminating lamps, a sonar device, a distance measuring device and a power supply, wherein the left side face and the right side face of the monitoring camera body are respectively provided with the auxiliary illuminating lamps, the optical axes of the auxiliary illuminating lamps and the optical axis of the monitoring camera body are distributed in parallel, the wireless communication device, the multi-path voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit and the data processing circuit are embedded in the load bearing seat, and the data processing circuit is respectively connected with the wireless communication device, the multi-path voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, the monitoring camera body, the distance measuring radar, the auxiliary illuminating lamps, the sonar device, the swing mechanism, the three-dimensional turntable and the circuit system of the bearing ship body are electrically connected, the multi-path stabilized voltage supply circuit is electrically connected with the circuit system of the bearing ship body, and the wireless communication device is electrically connected with the communication system of the bearing ship body.
Furthermore, the data processing circuit is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and the data processing circuit is additionally provided with a charge-discharge control circuit.
Furthermore, the bearing seat is of any one of an ellipsoid structure, a fusiform structure and a water drop-shaped structure, the length of the bearing seat is 0.5-1.5 times of the length of the bottom of the bearing ship body, the bearing plate is of a plate-shaped structure of any one of a trapezoid structure and a triangle structure, and the cross section of the bearing plate is of any one of a fusiform structure and a water drop-shaped structure.
Further, bear the weight of the hull and establish communication antenna in addition, communication antenna includes plate-shaped antenna, floating block, draws stranded conductor, hoist engine, the hoist engine inlays in bearing the weight of the hull up end, is connected with the lower terminal surface of floating block through drawing the stranded conductor, the floating block up end is established at least one and is personally submitted "U" font assembly groove, at least one plate-shaped antenna is established to the assembly groove, plate-shaped antenna is articulated with the assembly groove lateral wall through revolving stage mechanism, and plate-shaped antenna face and floating block up end are personally submitted 0 ° -90 contained angle, hoist engine and revolving stage mechanism and data processing circuit and bear the circuit system electrical connection of hull, pass through wire electrical connection between plate-shaped antenna and the data processing circuit.
Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation server is a server system based on big data, a three-dimensional electronic modeling system based on GIS and BIM is arranged in the comprehensive evaluation server, and the comprehensive evaluation server is in data connection with an external distributed data storage system through a server.
A use method of an illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system comprises the following steps:
s1, system presetting, namely firstly, constructing at least two data communication base stations in a water area range to be detected, then arranging at least one aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism and at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism in the effective coverage area of each data communication base station, establishing data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism and between the data communication base stations, establishing wireless data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism and the at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism at the same time, forming a surveying and mapping working group, arranging at least one surveying and mapping working group in the same water area range to be detected, and establishing data connection between each data communication base station and a comprehensive evaluation server through a wireless communication network;
s2, presetting data, after the step S1 is completed, firstly acquiring initial data in a to-be-drawn range through a third-party platform, wherein the initial data comprises but is not limited to water area ecological environment data, water source data and pollution source data, storing the acquired initial data in a comprehensive evaluation server, and simultaneously constructing a to-be-drawn range water area ecological three-dimensional model and an electronic sand table model according to the acquired initial data by the comprehensive evaluation server;
s3, monitoring and surveying, after the step S2 is completed, firstly setting at least one surveying and mapping working group in the to-be-surveyed range, then simultaneously driving an aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism and an underwater surveying and mapping mechanism of the surveying and mapping working group to synchronously operate, firstly carrying out remote sensing surveying and mapping on the water area and the ecological environment around the water area by the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism, and obtaining ecological environment data and riverbed structure data on two sides of the riverway in the water area range; then, sending the data mapped by the aerial remote sensing mapping mechanism to a comprehensive evaluation server through a data communication base station, storing the received data by the comprehensive evaluation server, simultaneously inputting the data into the water area ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model to be mapped in the to-be-mapped area constructed in the step S1, and updating the data of the water area ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model to be mapped in the to-be-mapped area; on the other hand, driving a riverbed key detection range according to the received data, sending the set riverbed key detection range data to each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism, carrying out underwater riverbed data surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism according to the received riverbed key detection range, finally sending the river channel data in the riverbed key detection range obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism to a comprehensive evaluation server, storing the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism by the comprehensive evaluation server, and simultaneously supplementing and recording the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism into a water area ecological three-dimensional model and an electronic sand table model of a to-be-detected drawing range, thereby obtaining the current riverbed and river channel ecological data;
s4, analyzing data, periodically executing the mapping operation in the step S3, and updating the ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model of the water area in the to-be-mapped range according to mapping data, so as to obtain current river ecological environment data on the one hand; on the other hand, the comprehensive evaluation server summarizes and compares the surveying and mapping data, and according to the comparison result, on one hand, riverbed sand collection damage data and riverway coastal ecological damage data caused by sand collection are obtained; on the other hand, a river channel ecological surface development trend function is obtained through calculation according to a plurality of river channel ecological environment transformation parameters; and finally, according to the river ecological surface development trend function, carrying out simulation prediction on the river ecological environment transformation by the comprehensive evaluation server to obtain a simulation prediction result, and carrying out early warning by the comprehensive evaluation server according to the simulation prediction result.
The system has the advantages of simple structure, flexible and convenient use, strong environment adaptability and good data communication capability, can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring and evaluating the ecological environment change states of riverbeds and riverways in different types of water areas, has high monitoring precision and comprehensive monitoring data acquisition, can realize the prediction and evaluation of the ecological transformation of the riverways and riverbeds according to surveying and mapping data, is favorable for finding the river sand stealing situation in time and predicting the ecological damage state of the riverways caused by sand mining, and thus greatly improves the precision and the working efficiency of the riverway monitoring and managing work.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an underwater surveying and mapping mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a load-bearing seat;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a carrier plate;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
The system comprises a comprehensive evaluation server 1, an aerial remote sensing and surveying mechanism 2, an underwater surveying and surveying mechanism 3, a data communication base station 4, a communication antenna 5, an unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21, a mounting disc 22, a turntable mechanism 23, a driving guide rail 24, a monitoring camera 25, a far infrared remote sensing and surveying device 26, a laser remote sensing and surveying device 27, a microwave remote sensing and surveying device 28, a wireless communication device 29, a 201 multi-path stabilized power supply circuit 202, a data processing circuit 202, a bearing hull 31, a swinging mechanism 32, a surveying and surveying radar 33, an auxiliary illuminating lamp 34, a sonar device 35, a bearing plate 36, a bearing seat 37, a bearing groove 39, a plate-shaped antenna 51, a floating block 52, a traction stranded wire 53, a winch 54 and an assembly groove 55.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, creation features, achievement purposes and effects of the invention easy to construct, the invention is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system comprises a comprehensive assessment server 1, an aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2, an underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 and a data communication base station 4, wherein at least one of the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 is arranged, the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 are in data connection with the data communication base station 4 through a wireless communication network, the data communication base station 4 is in data connection with the comprehensive assessment server 1 through a wireless communication network, the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 is in data connection with the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 through the data communication base station 4, the number of the data communication base stations 4 is not less than two, the data communication base stations 4 are in wireless communication network connection, and the distance between every two adjacent data communication base stations 4 is not less than 500 meters.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the aerial remote sensing and mapping mechanism 2 includes an unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21, a mounting disc 22, a turntable mechanism 23, a driving guide rail 24, a monitoring camera 25, a far infrared remote sensing and mapping device 26, a laser remote sensing and mapping device 27, a microwave remote sensing and mapping device 28, a wireless communication device 29, a multi-path stabilized power supply circuit 201, and a data processing circuit 202, wherein the mounting disc 22 has a cross-section of a structure like a Chinese character' 20866, the upper end surface of the mounting disc 22 is connected with the outer surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21 through a turntable mechanism 23, the axial line of the mounting disc forms an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, the driving guide rail 24 is embedded in a groove body on the lower end surface of the mounting disc 22 and is of a closed annular structure which is coaxially distributed with the mounting disc 22, the monitoring camera 25, the far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device 26, the laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device 27 and the microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device 28 are all embedded in the groove body on the lower end surface of the mounting disc 22, are uniformly distributed around the axis of the mounting disc 22 and are connected with the driving guide rail 24, and the monitoring camera 25, the far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device 26, the laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device 27 and the microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device 28 are all connected with the mounting disc 22 in a sliding way through the driving guide rail 24, the wireless communication device 29, the multi-path voltage-stabilized power circuit 201 and the data processing circuit 202 are all embedded in the upper end surface of the mounting plate 22, and the data processing circuit 202 is respectively electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21, the turntable mechanism 23, the driving guide rail 24, the monitoring camera 25, the far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device 26, the laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device 27, the microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device 28, the wireless communication device 29 and the multi-path voltage-stabilized power supply circuit 201, the multi-path voltage-stabilized power supply circuit 201 is electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21, and the wireless communication device 29 is in data connection with a communication circuit of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier 21.
It is emphasized that, as shown in fig. 3, the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 includes a bearing hull 31, a monitoring camera 25, a distance measuring radar 33, an auxiliary illuminating lamp 34, a sonar device 35, at least two bearing plates 36, at least two bearing seats 37, a wireless communication device 29, a multi-way stabilized voltage power supply circuit 201, and a data processing circuit 202, as shown in fig. 4, the bearing seats 37 are of a structure having a cross section of a "U" shape groove, are wrapped on the lower end surface of the bearing hull 31, and are distributed along the axial direction, at least two of the bearing plates 36 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axial line of the bearing seats 37, as shown in fig. 5, the bearing plates 36 are of a plate structure having a cross section of a rectangle, the bearing plates 36 are hinged to the side walls of the bearing seats 37 through a swing mechanism 32, the upper end surfaces of the bearing plates 36 are distributed in parallel to the axial line of the bearing seats 37, and form an included angle of 0 to 90 degrees with the horizontal plane, at least two bearing grooves 39 are arranged on the bearing plates 36, and the bearing groove 39 axis and the bearing plate 36 face vertical distribution, range radar 33 and sonar device 35 inlay respectively in a bearing groove 39 to articulated between three-dimensional revolving stage 301 and bearing groove 39 cell wall, and range radar 33 and sonar device 35 axis and level personally submit 0-90 contained angle, range radar 33 and sonar device 35 all with data processing circuit 202 electrical connection, surveillance camera 25 totally two, inlay respectively in the terminal surface position under the first half of bearing seat 37 and the latter half, and surveillance camera 25 optical axis intersects with bearing seat 37 axis, and personally submits 30-90 contained angle with the level, surveillance camera 25 left surface and right side all establish an auxiliary lighting lamp 34, and auxiliary lighting lamp 34 optical axis and surveillance camera 25 optical axis parallel distribution, wireless communication device 29, multichannel constant voltage power supply circuit 201, the data processing circuit 202 is embedded in the bearing seat 37, the data processing circuit 202 is electrically connected with the wireless communication device 29, the multi-path stabilized power supply circuit 201, the monitoring camera 25, the distance measuring radar 33, the auxiliary illuminating lamp 34, the sonar device 35, the swing mechanism 32, the three-dimensional turntable 301 and the circuit system of the bearing ship body 31, the multi-path stabilized power supply circuit 201 is electrically connected with the circuit system of the bearing ship body 31, and the wireless communication device 29 is electrically connected with the communication system of the bearing ship body 31.
The data processing circuit 202 is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and the data processing circuit 202 is additionally provided with a charge and discharge control circuit.
Meanwhile, the bearing seat 37 is any one of an ellipsoid structure, a fusiform structure and a water drop structure, the length of the bearing seat is 0.5 to 1.5 times of the length of the bottom of the bearing ship 31, the bearing plate 36 is a plate-shaped structure of any one of a trapezoid structure and a triangle structure, and the cross section of the bearing plate is any one of the fusiform structure and the water drop structure.
Specifically, the bearing hull 31 is further provided with a communication antenna 5, the communication antenna 5 includes a plate antenna 51, a floating block 52, a traction stranded wire 53, and a winch 54, the winch 54 is embedded in the upper end surface of the bearing hull 31 and connected with the lower end surface of the floating block 52 through the traction stranded wire 53, the upper end surface of the floating block 52 is provided with at least one assembly groove 55 with a cross section in a shape like a "u", the assembly groove 55 is internally provided with at least one plate antenna 51, the plate antenna 51 is hinged with the side wall of the assembly groove 55 through the turntable mechanism 23, the surface of the plate antenna 51 forms an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the upper end surface of the floating block 52, the winch 54 and the turntable mechanism 23 are electrically connected with the data processing circuit 202 and the circuit system of the bearing hull 31, and the plate antenna 51 is electrically connected with the data processing circuit 202 through a wire.
In this embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation server 1 is a big data-based server system, a three-dimensional electronic modeling system based on GIS and BIM is arranged in the comprehensive evaluation server, and the comprehensive evaluation server is further connected with an external distributed data storage system through a server.
As shown in fig. 6, a method for using the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system includes the following steps:
s1, system presetting, namely firstly constructing at least two data communication base stations 4 in a water area range to be detected, then arranging at least one aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 and at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 in an effective coverage area of each data communication base station 4, establishing data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 and the data communication base stations 4, establishing wireless data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism 2 and the at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3, forming a surveying and mapping working group, arranging at least one surveying and mapping working group in the same water area range to be detected, and establishing data connection between each data communication base station 4 and a comprehensive evaluation server 1 through a wireless communication network;
s2, presetting data, after the step S1 is finished, firstly acquiring initial data such as water area ecological environment data, water source data, pollution source data and the like in a to-be-painted range through a third-party platform, storing the acquired initial data in the comprehensive evaluation server 1, and simultaneously constructing a to-be-painted range water area ecological three-dimensional model and an electronic sand table model according to the acquired initial data by the comprehensive evaluation server 1;
s3, monitoring and surveying, after the step S2 is completed, firstly setting at least one surveying and surveying working group in the to-be-surveyed range, then simultaneously driving an aerial remote sensing surveying and surveying mechanism 2 and an underwater surveying and surveying mechanism 3 of the surveying and surveying working group to synchronously operate, firstly carrying out remote sensing surveying and surveying on the water area and the ecological environment around the water area by the aerial remote sensing surveying and surveying mechanism 2, and obtaining ecological environment data and riverbed structure data on two sides of the riverway in the water area range; then the data mapped 2 by the aerial remote sensing mapping mechanism is sent to the comprehensive evaluation server 1 through the data communication base station 4, on one hand, the received data is stored by the comprehensive evaluation server 1 and is simultaneously input into the water area ecological three-dimensional model to be mapped and the electronic sand table model to be mapped, which are constructed in the step S1, and the data updating is carried out on the water area ecological three-dimensional model to be mapped and the electronic sand table model; on the other hand, driving a riverbed key detection range according to the received data, sending the set riverbed key detection range data to each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3, carrying out underwater riverbed data surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 according to the received riverbed key detection range, finally sending the riverway data in the riverbed key detection range obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 to the comprehensive evaluation server 1, storing the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 by the comprehensive evaluation server 1, and simultaneously supplementing and recording the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism 3 into the water area ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model in the to-be-detected drawing range, thereby obtaining the current riverway ecological data of the riverbed;
s4, analyzing data, periodically executing the mapping operation in the step S3, and updating the ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model of the water area in the to-be-mapped range according to mapping data, so as to obtain current river ecological environment data on the one hand; on the other hand, the comprehensive evaluation server 1 summarizes and compares the surveying and mapping data, and according to the comparison result, on one hand, riverbed sand collection damage data and riverway coastal ecological damage data caused by sand collection are obtained; on the other hand, a river channel ecological surface development trend function is obtained through calculation according to the river channel ecological environment transformation parameters for multiple times; and finally, according to the river ecological surface development trend function, carrying out simulation prediction on the river ecological environment transformation by the comprehensive evaluation server 1 to obtain a simulation prediction result, and carrying out early warning by the comprehensive evaluation server 1 according to the simulation prediction result.
The system has the advantages of simple structure, flexible and convenient use, strong environment adaptability and good data communication capability, can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring and evaluating the ecological environment change states of riverbeds and riverways along the banks in various water areas, has high monitoring precision and comprehensive monitoring data acquisition, can realize the ecological transformation prediction and evaluation of the riverways along the banks and the riverbeds according to the mapping data, is favorable for finding the stealing river sand and predicting the ecological damage state of the riverways caused by the sand mining in time, and greatly improves the precision and the working efficiency of the riverway monitoring and managing work.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (3)

1. A use method of an illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system comprises a comprehensive assessment server (1), at least one aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2), at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) and data communication base stations (4), wherein the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) are in data connection with the data communication base stations (4) through a wireless communication network, the data communication base stations (4) are in data connection with the comprehensive assessment server (1) through the wireless communication network, the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) is in data connection with the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) through the data communication base stations (4), the number of the data communication base stations (4) is not less than two, the data communication base stations (4) are connected through the wireless communication network, and the distance between every two adjacent data communication base stations (4) is not less than 500 meters; the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle carrier (21), a mounting disc (22), a rotary table mechanism (23), a driving guide rail (24), a monitoring camera (25), a far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device (26), a laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device (27), a microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device (28), a wireless communication device (29), a multi-path voltage-stabilized power circuit (201) and a data processing circuit (202), wherein the mounting disc (22) is of a groove-shaped structure with a 208666666cross section, the upper end surface of the mounting disc is connected with the outer surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier (21) through the rotary table mechanism (23), the axis of the mounting disc (22) and the horizontal surface form an included angle of 0-90 degrees, the driving guide rail (24) is embedded in a closed annular structure which is coaxially distributed with the mounting disc (22), the monitoring camera (25), the far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device (26), the laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device (27) and the microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device (28) are uniformly distributed in a groove body, the groove body is embedded in the lower end surface of the mounting disc (22), surrounds the mounting disc (22), is connected with the driving guide rail (24), the remote sensing surveying and the driving device (24) and the microwave remote sensing surveying and the microwave remote sensing device (24) are uniformly distributed through the remote sensing device (24) and the driving device (24), the wireless communication device (29), the multi-path stabilized voltage power supply circuit (201) and the data processing circuit (202) are embedded in the upper end face of the mounting disc (22), the data processing circuit (202) is electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier (21), the rotary table mechanism (23), the driving guide rail (24), the monitoring camera (25), the far infrared remote sensing surveying and mapping device (26), the laser remote sensing surveying and mapping device (27), the microwave remote sensing surveying and mapping device (28), the wireless communication device (29) and the multi-path stabilized voltage power supply circuit (201), the multi-path stabilized voltage power supply circuit (201) is electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier (21), and the wireless communication device (29) is in data connection with the communication circuit of the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier (21); the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) comprises a bearing ship body (31), a monitoring camera (25), a ranging radar (33), an auxiliary illuminating lamp (34), a sonar device (35), bearing plates (36), bearing seats (37), a wireless communication device (29), a multi-path stabilized voltage supply circuit (201) and a data processing circuit (202), wherein the bearing seats (37) are of a U-shaped groove-shaped structure in cross section, are coated on the lower end face of the bearing ship body (31) and are distributed along the axis direction, at least two bearing plates (36) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the bearing seats (37), the bearing plates (36) are of a plate-shaped structure in a rectangular cross section, the bearing plates (36) are hinged with the side walls of the bearing seats (37) through a swinging mechanism (32), the upper end faces of the bearing plates (36) are distributed in parallel to the axis of the bearing seats (37) and form an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, at least two bearing grooves (39) are arranged on the bearing plates (36), the axis of the bearing grooves (39) is vertical to the surface of the bearing plates (36), the bearing plates (33) and the ranging radar (35) and the radar (35) are embedded in the bearing grooves (35) and are hinged with the horizontal groove wall of the bearing plates (301), the distance measuring radar (33) and the sonar device (35) are electrically connected with the data processing circuit (202), the number of the monitoring cameras (25) is two, the monitoring cameras are respectively embedded in the lower end face positions of the front half part and the rear half part of the bearing seat (37), the optical axes of the monitoring cameras (25) are intersected with the axis of the bearing seat (37), and form an included angle of 30-90 degrees with the horizontal plane, the left side face and the right side face of the monitoring camera (25) are respectively provided with an auxiliary illuminating lamp (34), the optical axes of the auxiliary illuminating lamps (34) are distributed in parallel with the optical axis of the monitoring camera (25), the wireless communication device (29), the multi-path stabilized voltage power supply circuit (201) and the data processing circuit (202) are respectively embedded in the bearing seat (37), the data processing circuit (202) is respectively electrically connected with the wireless communication device (29), the multi-path circuit (201), the monitoring cameras (25), the distance measuring radar (33), the auxiliary illuminating lamp (34), the swing mechanism (32), the three-dimensional stabilized voltage power supply (301) and a circuit system of the sonar ship body (31), and the multi-path stabilized voltage power supply circuit (31) is electrically connected with the ship body (201) and the electric communication system (31) of the ship body (29) and the ship body (31); the bearing ship body (31) is additionally provided with a communication antenna (5), the communication antenna (5) comprises a plate-shaped antenna (51), a floating block (52), a traction stranded wire (53) and a winch (54), the winch (54) is embedded in the upper end face of the bearing ship body (31) and is connected with the lower end face of the floating block (52) through the traction stranded wire (53), the upper end face of the floating block (52) is provided with at least one assembling groove (55) with a U-shaped cross section, at least one plate-shaped antenna (51) is arranged in the assembling groove (55), the plate-shaped antenna (51) is hinged with the side wall of the assembling groove (55) through a turntable mechanism (23), the surface of the plate-shaped antenna (51) and the upper end face of the floating block (52) form an included angle of 0-90 degrees, the winch (54) and the turntable mechanism (23) are electrically connected with a data processing circuit (202) and a circuit system of the bearing ship body (31), and the plate-shaped antenna (51) is electrically connected with the data processing circuit (202) through a conducting wire; the bearing seat (37) is of any one of an ellipsoid structure, a fusiform structure and a water drop-shaped structure, the length of the bearing seat is 0.5-1.5 times of the length of the bottom of the bearing ship body (31), the bearing plate (36) is of a plate-shaped structure of any one of a trapezoid structure and a triangle structure, and the cross section of the bearing plate is of any one of the fusiform structure and the water drop-shaped structure;
the use method of the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system comprises the following steps: s1, system presetting, namely firstly, constructing at least two data communication base stations (4) in a water area range to be detected, then arranging at least one aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) and at least one underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) in the effective coverage area of each data communication base station (4), establishing data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) and the data communication base stations (4), establishing wireless data connection between the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) and the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) at the same time, forming a surveying and mapping working set, arranging at least one surveying and mapping working set in the same water area range to be detected, and establishing data connection between each data communication base station (4) and a comprehensive evaluation server (1) through a wireless communication network; s2, presetting data, after the step S1 is completed, firstly acquiring initial data in a to-be-painted range through a third-party platform, wherein the initial data comprises but is not limited to water area ecological environment data, water source data and pollution source data, storing the acquired initial data in a comprehensive evaluation server (1), and simultaneously constructing a to-be-painted range water area ecological three-dimensional model and an electronic sand table model according to the acquired initial data through the comprehensive evaluation server (1); s3, monitoring and surveying, after the step S2 is completed, firstly setting at least one surveying and surveying working group in the to-be-surveyed range, then simultaneously driving an aerial remote sensing surveying and surveying mechanism (2) and an underwater surveying and surveying mechanism (3) of the surveying and surveying working group to synchronously operate, firstly carrying out remote sensing surveying and surveying on the water area and the ecological environment around the water area by the aerial remote sensing surveying and surveying mechanism (2), and obtaining ecological environment data and riverbed structure data on two sides of the riverway in the water area range; then, data surveyed by the aerial remote sensing surveying and mapping mechanism (2) are sent to the comprehensive evaluation server (1) through the data communication base station (4), on one hand, the received data are stored by the comprehensive evaluation server (1), and are simultaneously recorded into the water area ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model to be surveyed and mapped in the step S1, and data updating is carried out on the water area ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model to be surveyed and mapped; on the other hand, driving a riverbed key detection range according to the received data, sending the set riverbed key detection range data to each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3), carrying out underwater riverbed data surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) according to the received riverbed key detection range, finally sending the riverway data in the riverbed key detection range obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) to a comprehensive evaluation server (1), storing the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by each underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) by the comprehensive evaluation server (1), and simultaneously supplementing and recording the riverbed data obtained by surveying and mapping by the underwater surveying and mapping mechanism (3) into a water area ecological three-dimensional model and an electronic sand table model in the range to be detected, thereby obtaining the current riverbed and riverway ecological data; s4, analyzing data, periodically executing the mapping operation in the step S3, and updating the ecological three-dimensional model and the electronic sand table model of the water area in the to-be-mapped range according to mapping data, so as to obtain current river ecological environment data on the one hand; on the other hand, the comprehensive evaluation server (1) summarizes and compares the surveying and mapping data, and according to the comparison result, on the one hand, riverbed sand mining damage data and riverway coastal ecological damage data caused by sand mining are obtained; on the other hand, a river channel ecological surface development trend function is obtained through calculation according to the river channel ecological environment transformation parameters for multiple times; and finally, according to the river ecological surface development trend function, carrying out simulation prediction on the river ecological environment transformation by the comprehensive evaluation server (1) to obtain a simulation prediction result, and carrying out early warning by the comprehensive evaluation server (1) according to the simulation prediction result.
2. The use method of the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data processing circuit (202) is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and the data processing circuit (202) is additionally provided with a charge-discharge control circuit.
3. The use method of the illegal sand production ecological environment damage assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive evaluation server (1) is a server system based on big data, a three-dimensional electronic modeling system based on GIS and BIM is arranged in the comprehensive evaluation server (1), and the comprehensive evaluation server (1) is connected with an external distributed data storage system through a server.
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