CN114903174B - Cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition, food containing same and application of nutritional composition - Google Patents
Cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition, food containing same and application of nutritional composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN114903174B CN114903174B CN202210401725.6A CN202210401725A CN114903174B CN 114903174 B CN114903174 B CN 114903174B CN 202210401725 A CN202210401725 A CN 202210401725A CN 114903174 B CN114903174 B CN 114903174B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition, food containing the same and application of the nutritional composition. The nutritional composition consists of dietary fiber derived from cereal and polyphenol derived from cereal; wherein the dietary fiber is selected from beta-glucan or arabinoxylan; the polyphenols are selected from ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid or cyanidin-3-glucoside. The invention also discloses a food containing the nutritional composition. The nutritional composition of the invention can be used for reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, regulating intestinal flora, reducing weight and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional foods. More particularly, it relates to a cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition, food products comprising the same and uses of the nutritional composition.
Background
With the development of modern society economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the diet type and the nutrition structure of residents are greatly changed. Meanwhile, unreasonable dietary habits such as high sugar, high fat, high salt and the like and sedentary lifestyles can induce various chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancers and the like. The number of diabetics worldwide is 4.25 hundred million in 2017 and the number of diabetics worldwide is estimated to be increased by 2 hundred million in 2045. Furthermore, intestinal flora is receiving increasing attention as a "microbial organ" in relation to human health. The rich intestinal flora not only provides enzymes and biochemical metabolic pathways which are not possessed by a host, but also can maintain the steady state of the environment in the intestinal tract of a human body, keep the intestinal wall intact and participate in the immune regulation, nutrient absorption and digestive metabolism of the organism.
Many countries in the world, particularly developed countries such as the united states, the united kingdom, denmark, etc., currently advocate to promote consumption and utilization of whole grains. The chinese resident dietary guidelines (2016) suggest that daily whole grain and legume intake is 50-150 grams, and that daily increased intake of 30 grams of whole grain reduces 8% of all-cause mortality risk. The Chinese resident dietary nutrient intake shows that the proper intake of dietary fiber is 25 g/day, the intake of dietary fiber of Chinese resident is 10.8 g/day, and the dietary fiber of Chinese resident is seriously insufficient. Due to the problems of poor palatability, short shelf life and the like of whole grain foods, the consumption of whole grains in countries of the world is generally low, and the consumption of whole grains in China accounts for less than 1% of the total consumption of grains. Therefore, the effect of improving the intake of whole grain foods alone is not particularly desirable.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a nutritional composition of cereal dietary fiber and polyphenols.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the above nutritional composition and a food product comprising the above nutritional composition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a nutritional composition consisting of dietary fiber derived from cereal and polyphenols derived from cereal;
wherein the dietary fiber is selected from beta-glucan or arabinoxylan; the polyphenols are selected from ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid or cyanidin-3-glucoside.
The inventor researches and discovers that by utilizing dietary fibers and polyphenol in grains as nutrition enhancers and reasonably combining the dietary fibers and the polyphenol, a synergistic effect can be obtained, and the nutrition composition with the functions of reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, regulating intestinal flora and losing weight can be obtained, so that the nutrition composition has very good effects of preventing and improving the occurrence and development of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, fatty liver, colon cancer and the like.
Illustratively, the nutritional composition consists of arabinoxylans and caffeic acid; or, it is composed of beta-glucan and caffeic acid; or alternatively, is composed of arabinoxylan and ferulic acid; or, it is composed of beta-glucan and ferulic acid; or alternatively, it consists of arabinoxylan and protocatechuic acid; alternatively, it consists of beta-glucan and protocatechuic acid; or alternatively, it is composed of arabinoxylan and cyanidin-3-glucoside; or, consisting of beta-glucan and cyanidin-3-glucoside, and the like.
Further, in the nutritional composition, the weight ratio of dietary fiber to polyphenol is 10-50:1. For example, the weight ratio of dietary fiber to polyphenol can be in any range between 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, etc. or weight ratio.
Further, the dietary fiber and polyphenol used in the nutritional composition of the present invention are derived from cereal grains and may be obtained commercially or by extraction according to methods described in the prior art. Illustratively, the beta-glucan and arabinoxylan are derived from oat, wheat, or barley; the ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid and caffeic acid are derived from rice, wheat or barley, and the cyanidin-3-glucoside is derived from rice, wheat or corn.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of the nutritional composition described above in any one or more of the following.
1) The application in preparing hypoglycemic products;
2) The application in preparing liver-protecting products;
3) Use in the preparation of a product for modulating intestinal flora;
4) Application in preparing weight-reducing product.
In particular, the nutritional composition provided by the invention can be used for preventing the phenomena of in vivo free radical excess, blood sugar rise, blood fat rise, fatty liver and intestinal flora disturbance caused by high-fat diet. A large number of animal experiments prove that the nutritional composition provided by the invention has a synergistic protection effect on glycolipid metabolism and intestinal flora, can effectively reduce fasting blood glucose and improve adiponectin level; improving intestinal flora diversity and regulating intestinal flora structure, and improving probiotic Bifidobacterium (bifidobacteria) abundance; alleviating weight gain induced by high fat diet; reducing activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) in blood, and improving liver function. Has quite beneficial effects in reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, regulating intestinal flora and reducing weight.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a food product for lowering blood glucose, protecting the liver, regulating intestinal flora and/or reducing weight, comprising the above-described nutritional composition.
The food product of the present invention may be in powder form or in liquid form.
In foods, the nutritional composition is usually added in an amount of 5% -10% of the weight of the food, so as to meet the intake of dietary fibers and polyphenols by consumers, and simultaneously achieve the effects of reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, regulating intestinal flora and/or losing weight.
In addition to the components described above for the nutritional composition, the food product may also comprise other ingredients, such as other proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, etc.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a nutritional composition with functions of reducing blood sugar, protecting liver, regulating intestinal flora and losing weight, cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol in the composition can obtain a synergistic effect under the cooperation of a limited dosage, and animal experiment results also show that the composition can obtain obvious health effects even under the condition of low dosage of dietary fiber or polyphenol.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol combination on fasting blood glucose in high fat diet mice.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol combination on serum adiponectin in high fat diet mice.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol combination on the structure of intestinal flora in high-fat diet mice.
Figure 4 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol complexing on the intestinal bifidobacteria abundance in high fat diet mice.
Figure 5 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol combination on body mass in high fat diet mice.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of dietary fiber and polyphenol combination on serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity of high fat diet mice.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and that this invention is not limited to the details given herein.
The materials used in the examples described below, unless otherwise indicated, are all materials commonly used in the art and are commercially available.
Example 1
The formula of the nutritional composition comprises the following components: 5 parts of arabinoxylan and 0.1 part of caffeic acid.
The source is as follows: arabinoxylans are derived from wheat and caffeic acid from rice.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sieving arabinoxylan and caffeic acid respectively to obtain corresponding raw material powder;
(2) Weighing the raw material powder obtained in the step (1) according to the formula proportion, blending, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The formula of the nutritional composition comprises the following components: 5 parts of beta-glucan and 0.1 part of caffeic acid.
The source is as follows: beta-glucan is derived from oat, and caffeic acid is derived from rice.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The formula of the nutritional composition comprises the following components: 5 parts of arabinoxylan and 0.5 part of ferulic acid;
the source is as follows: arabinoxylan is derived from wheat and ferulic acid is derived from rice.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The formula of the nutritional composition comprises the following components: 5 parts of beta-glucan and 0.5 part of ferulic acid.
The source is as follows: the beta-glucan is derived from oat, and the ferulic acid is derived from rice.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
Test example 1 hypoglycemic effects of cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition
1. Animals and groups
Male SPF grade C57BL/6J mice were 96. Initial body weight was 20-22g, mice were placed in an SPF-grade environment and fed with maintenance feed and water ad libitum. After 1 week of adaptation, the animals were randomly divided into 8 groups of 12 animals each. Feeds were purchased from south Tong Talaofe feed technologies Inc., each group and feed case is shown in Table 1 below, and the experimental period was 18 weeks.
Table 1 animal experiment group and animal feed
2. Index measurement
After 18 weeks of animal feeding, each group of mice was tested for fasting blood glucose. Mice were fasted for 12h and then blood was collected from the tail and tested for blood glucose using a glucometer.
3. Experimental results
As shown in fig. 1, the fasting blood glucose values were significantly higher in the high-fat model group than in the placebo group (P < 0.001), indicating that the high-fat model group mice developed a glucose metabolism disorder. The arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, ferulic acid and control groups showed no significant difference in fasting blood glucose (P > 0.05) compared to the high-fat model group, but the examples 3 and 4 groups (dietary fiber and polyphenol ratio 10:1) showed significantly reduced fasting blood glucose values (P <0.001 and P <0.05, respectively), indicating that the dietary fiber (arabinoxylan and beta-glucan) and polyphenol (ferulic acid) compositions had a synergistic effect in improving body glucose metabolism.
Test example 2 cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition improving insulin metabolism
1. Animals and groups
Male SPF grade C57BL/6J mice 56. Initial body weight was 20-22g, mice were placed in an SPF-grade environment and fed with maintenance feed and water ad libitum. After 1 week of adaptation, the animals were randomly divided into 7 groups of 8 animals each. Feeds were purchased from south Tong Talaofe feed technologies Inc., each group and feed case is shown in Table 2 below, experiment period was 18 weeks.
Table 2 animal experiment groups and animal feeds
2. Index measurement
After 18 weeks of feeding, the eyeballs were collected and blood was collected, and after stationary standing at 4℃for 2 hours, the collected blood was centrifuged at 4000rpm/min for 10 minutes, and the supernatant serum was collected and stored at-80℃for use. The adiponectin content in the serum of mice was detected using an ELISA kit.
3. Experimental results
Adiponectin has the effects of improving insulin sensitivity, improving insulin resistance, and maintaining the homeostasis of lipid and saccharide metabolism. As shown in fig. 2, the adiponectin level in the high-fat model group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in adiponectin levels (P > 0.05) in the arabinoxylan, beta-glucan and caffeic acid groups compared to the high-fat model group, but the adiponectin levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in the example 1 and example 2 groups (dietary fiber to polyphenol ratio 50:1), indicating that the dietary fiber (arabinoxylan and beta-glucan) and polyphenol (caffeic acid) compositions had a synergistic effect in improving body sugar metabolism.
Test example 3 cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition modulating intestinal flora
1. Animals and groups
Male SPF grade C57BL/6J mice were 64. Initial body weight was 20-22g, mice were placed in SPF-grade environment and fed free to maintain feed and water free. After 1 week of adaptation, the animals were randomly divided into 8 groups of 8 animals each. Feeds were purchased from south Tong Talaofe feed technologies Inc., each group and feed case is shown in Table 3 below, experiment period was 18 weeks.
TABLE 3 animal experimental grouping and animal feeds
2. Index measurement
Sample collection and processing: after the animals are raised for 18 weeks, weighing the quality of the mice, dislocation and killing the mice, transferring the mice into an ultra-clean workbench, wiping the abdomen of the mice by using ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 75%, opening the abdominal cavity of the mice by using a sterilized surgical scissors, rapidly separating the complete liver and intestinal tracts, taking colon contents, storing the colon contents in an EP tube after sterilization, and storing in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ after quick freezing by liquid nitrogen for extracting intestinal flora DNA.
High throughput sequencing analysis of the colon contents of mice: immediately after taking out the colon content sample from the refrigerator at-80 ℃, putting dry ice into the colon content sample, sending the colon content sample to Shanghai Meiji biological medicine science and technology Co., ltd, and analyzing colon flora diversity of the mice by adopting an Illumina Miseq sequencing platform.
Biological information analysis: and carrying out OTU clustering and species classification analysis based on the effective data, and carrying out species annotation on the representative sequence of each OTU according to the OTU clustering result to obtain corresponding species information and abundance distribution conditions based on the species. Meanwhile, the abundance and Alpha diversity calculation and analysis are carried out on the OTUs so as to obtain the information of the abundance and uniformity of the species in the sample and the like. Further, carrying out multi-sequence comparison on OTUs, constructing a phylogenetic tree, obtaining community structure differences of different samples and groups, and analyzing through a PCA dimension-reducing graph.
3. Experimental results
As shown in FIG. 3, the results of the principal component analysis (PCA analysis) showed that colony composition of the high-fat model group was significantly changed as compared with that of the blank group. The arabinoxylan, beta-glucan and caffeic acid groups were not significantly different from the model groups (P > 0.05), but the example 1 and example 2 groups (dietary fiber to polyphenol ratio 50:1) were distinguished from the high fat model group (P < 0.05). The dietary fiber (arabinoxylan and beta-glucan) and polyphenol (caffeic acid) compositions are shown to have a synergistic effect in modulating intestinal flora structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the colon probiotic Bifidobacterium (bifidobacteria) abundance was significantly reduced in the mice of the high-fat model group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the abundance of bifidobacterium colons in the arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, caffeic acid and control groups compared to the high-fat model group (P > 0.05), but the abundance of bifidobacterium colons was significantly increased in the example 1 and example 2 groups (dietary fiber to polyphenol ratio 50:1) (P < 0.05). The dietary fiber (arabinoxylan and beta-glucan) and polyphenol (caffeic acid) composition is shown to have a synergistic effect of promoting intestinal probiotics colonization.
As shown in fig. 5, the quality of mice in the high-fat model group was significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared to the blank group. The arabinoxylan, β -glucan and caffeic acid groups showed no significant difference in body mass (P > 0.05) compared to the high-fat model group, but the example 1 and example 2 groups (dietary fiber to polyphenol ratio 50:1) showed significantly reduced body mass (P < 0.01). It is shown that dietary fiber (arabinoxylans and beta-glucans) and polyphenol (caffeic acid) compositions have a synergistic effect of reducing weight by modulating intestinal flora.
Test example 4 liver protecting effects of cereal dietary fiber and polyphenol nutritional composition
1. Animals and groups
Male SPF grade C57BL/6J mice were 84. Initial body weight was 20-22g, mice were placed in an SPF-grade environment and fed with maintenance feed and water ad libitum. After 1 week of adaptation, the animals were randomly divided into 7 groups of 12 animals each. Feeds were purchased from south Tong Talaofe feed technologies Inc., each group and feed case is shown in Table 4 below, experiment period was 18 weeks.
TABLE 4 animal experimental grouping and animal feeds
2. Index measurement
After 18 weeks of feeding, the eyeballs were collected and blood was collected, and after stationary standing at 4℃for 2 hours, the collected blood was centrifuged at 4000rpm/min for 10 minutes, and the supernatant serum was collected and stored at-80℃for use. ALT (alanine aminotransferase) kit detects ALT content in serum.
3. Experimental results
As shown in fig. 6, serum ALT levels were significantly elevated in mice from the high-fat model group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001). The serum ALT levels of mice from the arabinoxylan, beta-glucan and caffeic acid groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to the high-fat model group, the ALT levels of mice from the group of example 1 were reduced compared to the high-fat model group, and the ALT levels of mice from the group of example 2 (dietary fiber and polyphenol ratio 50:1) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), indicating that the dietary fiber (beta-glucan) and polyphenol (caffeic acid) compositions had a synergistic effect in preventing liver injury.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A nutritional composition characterized by: the nutritional composition consists of dietary fiber derived from cereal and polyphenol derived from cereal; the dietary fiber is selected from beta-glucan or arabinoxylan, the polyphenol is selected from caffeic acid, and the weight ratio of the dietary fiber to the polyphenol is 50:1.
2. A nutritional composition characterized by: the nutritional composition consists of dietary fiber derived from cereal and polyphenol derived from cereal; the dietary fiber is selected from beta-glucan or arabinoxylan, the polyphenol is selected from ferulic acid, and the weight ratio of the dietary fiber to the polyphenol is 10:1.
3. Nutritional composition according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the beta-glucan and arabinoxylan are derived from oat, wheat or barley; the ferulic acid and caffeic acid are derived from rice, wheat or barley.
4. Use of the nutritional composition of claim 1 in any one or more of the following:
1) The application in preparing hypoglycemic products;
2) The application in preparing liver-protecting products;
3) Use in the preparation of a product for modulating intestinal flora;
4) Application in preparing weight-reducing product.
5. Use of the nutritional composition of claim 2 for the preparation of a hypoglycemic product.
6. A food product, characterized in that it comprises the nutritional composition according to any one of claims 1-2.
7. The food product according to claim 6, characterized in that the food product is in powder or liquid form.
8. The food product according to claim 6, wherein the nutritional composition is added in an amount of 5-10% by weight of the food product.
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