CN114899010A - Capacitor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Capacitor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114899010A
CN114899010A CN202210632811.8A CN202210632811A CN114899010A CN 114899010 A CN114899010 A CN 114899010A CN 202210632811 A CN202210632811 A CN 202210632811A CN 114899010 A CN114899010 A CN 114899010A
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China
Prior art keywords
electrolyte layer
capacitor
cleaning
target component
foil
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CN202210632811.8A
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CN114899010B (en
Inventor
陈绪鑫
秦钟华
陈琛
靳博
王艳
袁家印
李如升
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State Run Factory 4326 of China Zhenhua Group Xinyun Electronic Comp and Dev Co Ltd
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State Run Factory 4326 of China Zhenhua Group Xinyun Electronic Comp and Dev Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
    • H01G9/0036—Formation of the solid electrolyte layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
    • H01G9/025—Solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/26—Structural combinations of electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices with each other

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a capacitor and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of capacitors. The capacitor manufacturing method comprises the following steps: providing a foil covered on its surface with an electrolyte layer, the electrolyte layer being formed from a dispersion material comprising a target component, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment; cleaning the electrolyte layer to remove the target component; carrying out melting treatment on the cleaned electrolyte layer; preparing a capacitor core based on the foil after the electrolyte layer is subjected to melting treatment; and manufacturing a capacitor based on the capacitor core. The electrolyte layer of the foil is cleaned to remove the components which are easily affected by the humid environment in the electrolyte layer, so that the moisture resistance of the capacitor can be improved, the electrical property of the capacitor made of the foil can be stored and used under the high humidity environment, and the use and storage range of the laminated aluminum capacitor is widened.

Description

Capacitor and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to a capacitor manufacturing method and a capacitor.
Background
The capacitor core of the laminated aluminum capacitor has a cathode conductive polymer electrolyte layer, and the existing cathode conductive polymer electrolyte layer is usually prepared from a dispersion material which enables the laminated aluminum capacitor to resist high temperature and high pressure.
However, since the dispersion material generally includes components susceptible to a humid environment, such as components having water absorption, and components that affect the use and storage of the laminated aluminum capacitor under high humidity conditions. In particular, the cathode conductive polymer electrolyte layer composed of the dispersion material absorbs water vapor when stored in a high humidity environment, resulting in the electrical properties of the capacitor being affected. When the laminated aluminum capacitor is used under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and electrification, the cathode conductive polymer electrolyte layer precipitates crystals to corrode aluminum foil, so that the structure of the laminated aluminum capacitor is damaged, and therefore, the conventional laminated aluminum capacitor cannot be stored and used in a humid environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to a method for manufacturing a capacitor, so as to improve the moisture resistance of the capacitor, reduce the environmental requirements for storage and use of the capacitor, and thereby widen the storage and use range of the capacitor. In order to achieve the above object, embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a capacitor, including: providing a foil covered on its surface with an electrolyte layer, the electrolyte layer being formed from a dispersion material comprising a target component, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment; cleaning the electrolyte layer to remove the target component; carrying out melting treatment on the cleaned electrolyte layer; preparing a capacitor core based on the foil subjected to the melting treatment of the electrolyte layer; and manufacturing a capacitor based on the capacitor core.
In the embodiment of the application, the foil for manufacturing the capacitor core is covered with the electrolyte layer formed by the dispersion material, and as the dispersion material contains target components which are easily affected by a humid environment, such as target components which can comprise water absorption components, impurity components which are not beneficial to storage and use in a high humidity environment, and the like, the target components in the electrolyte layer can be effectively removed by cleaning the electrolyte layer, so that the humidity resistance of the capacitor core and the capacitor manufactured by the foil is improved. Through carrying out melting treatment to the electrolyte layer after washing for the electrolyte layer recombines after becoming molten state, thereby eliminates the influence to electrolyte layer structure behind the target composition dissolves in water to and make the electrical property of the condenser that this foil was made not influenced, and simultaneously, the electrolyte layer after recombining is inseparabler, can reduce steam entering or steam to the influence of device electrical property. Therefore, the manufactured capacitor can improve the moisture resistance on the premise of not reducing the electrical property, reduce the requirements of the capacitor on the environment during storage and use and further widen the use and storage range of the capacitor.
In one embodiment, the cleaning the electrolyte layer includes: and immersing the electrolyte layer in a cleaning solution for cleaning in stages.
In the embodiment of the application, the electrolyte layer is cleaned in stages, so that target components influenced by a humid environment in the electrolyte layer can be completely removed, the influence of the target components on the manufactured capacitor is reduced, and the moisture resistance of the manufactured capacitor is improved.
In one embodiment, the immersing the electrolyte layer in the cleaning solution is performed in stages, and the cleaning includes: immersing part of the electrolyte layer in the cleaning liquid for first cleaning; and immersing all the electrolyte layers in the cleaning solution for secondary cleaning.
In the embodiment of the application, when the first cleaning is carried out, part of the electrolyte layer is immersed in the cleaning solution for cleaning, so that the generation of large bubbles caused by the fact that the speed of dissolving target components in the electrolyte layer in water is too high can be effectively avoided, the influence of the large bubbles on the combining capacity inside the electrolyte layer and the combining capacity between the electrolyte layer and the foil can be avoided, and therefore the influence on the electrical property and the service life of a capacitor made of the foil due to cleaning can be reduced. And a second cleaning step of immersing the entire electrolyte layer in a cleaning solution to dissolve the target component in the electrolyte layer in water as much as possible, thereby effectively improving the moisture resistance of the capacitor made using the foil.
In one embodiment, the cleaning solution is deionized water.
In the embodiment of the application, the target component in the electrolyte layer can be dissolved in the deionized water, and the cost of the deionized water is lower, so that the cost for cleaning the electrolyte layer can be effectively reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the capacitor is further reduced.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the deionized water is in the range of 40-60 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, as the target component in the electrolyte layer is more easily dissolved in the deionized water at 40-60 ℃, the temperature range of the deionized water is controlled within 40-60 ℃, the speed of dissolving the target component in the electrolyte layer in water and the completeness of dissolving the target component in the deionized water can be effectively improved, the target component in the electrolyte layer is reduced as much as possible, the influence of the target component on the performance of the capacitor is avoided, and the moisture resistance of the capacitor made of the foil is improved.
In one embodiment, the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer ranges from 0.5 to 2 hours.
In the embodiment of the application, the total time for cleaning is controlled to be 0.5-2 hours, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer can be dissolved in the cleaning solution as much as possible, and the moisture resistance of the capacitor made of the foil is improved. Meanwhile, the preparation period of the capacitor can be prevented from being prolonged due to the cleaning time process, and the influence on the manufacturing efficiency of the capacitor due to cleaning is avoided.
In one embodiment, the cleaning solution is an alcohol solvent, and the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer ranges from 0.5 to 1 hour.
In the embodiment of the application, the target component in the electrolyte layer is the organic component which is more soluble in the alcohol solvent, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer can be more completely dissolved in the cleaning solution by using the alcohol solvent as the cleaning agent, thereby effectively reducing the target component in the electrolyte layer and improving the moisture resistance of the capacitor made of the foil. Meanwhile, the target component is more soluble in the alcohol solvent, so that the cleaning efficiency can be effectively improved, and the cleaning time is shortened, therefore, the total cleaning time can be controlled to be 0.5-1 hour, and the target component in the electrolyte layer is dissolved in the cleaning solution as far as possible, and the prolonging of the preparation period of the capacitor caused by the cleaning time process is avoided. Therefore, the manufacturing efficiency of the capacitor can be effectively improved by cleaning the electrolyte layer for 0.5 to 1 hour by using the alcohol solvent.
In one embodiment, the melting the washed electrolyte layer includes: heating the cleaned electrolyte layer under the conditions of preset temperature, preset humidity and preset air pressure so as to enable the electrolyte layer to be in a molten state; cooling the electrolyte layer in the molten state to restore the electrolyte layer to a solid.
In the embodiment of the application, the efficiency of the melting treatment is influenced by the environment, so that the conditions required for the electrolyte layer to be in a molten state can be effectively reduced by heating the electrolyte layer under the conditions of preset temperature, humidity and air pressure, and the efficiency of preparing the capacitor is improved and the cost of manufacturing the capacitor is reduced.
In one embodiment, the preset temperature is 80-150 ℃, the preset humidity is 60-95%, and the preset air pressure is 1.1-2 standard atmospheric pressures.
In the embodiment of the application, the temperature range is controlled to be 80-150 ℃, the humidity range is controlled to be 60-95%, and the air pressure range is controlled to be 1.1-2 standard atmospheric pressures, so that the electrolyte layer is more easily in a molten state after being heated under the condition, the heating time for enabling the electrolyte layer to be in the molten state is reduced, the time and the resource consumption for heating the electrolyte layer to the molten state can be reduced, the manufacturing efficiency of the capacitor is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a capacitor, including: a stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of capacitor elements each including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the surface of the negative electrode being coated with an electrolyte layer formed of a dispersion material, wherein the electrolyte layer does not include a target component in the dispersion material, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment; a lead frame electrically connected to the stacked body.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, or in part may be learned by the practice of the above-described techniques of the disclosure, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitor core according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a staged cleaning of an electrolyte layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electrolyte layer before and after the melt processing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present solution, before introducing the solution provided in the present application, a description is given to a scenario to which the present solution is directed.
The conductive polymer sheet type laminated aluminum electrolytic capacitor consists of a capacitor core and a lead frame. The capacitor core is divided into a positive electrode and a negative electrode according to a certain size according to requirements, the surface of the negative electrode is covered with a cathode conductive polymer layer (or called as an electrolyte layer) which is formed by different film layers and has a certain thickness, the negative electrodes of a plurality of capacitor cores are overlapped to form a stacked body, two lead frames are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor core in the stacked body, the electrode of the capacitor which is led out, and therefore the conductive polymer chip type stacked aluminum electrolytic capacitor is formed after packaging.
However, the cathode conductive polymer layer of the prior art capacitor core is typically made of a dispersion material, the specific composition of which is referred to in the prior art and will not be described in detail herein. Because part of the components in the dispersion material are easy to absorb water (referred to as water absorption components herein) such as glycerin and the like, and part of the components which are unfavorable for high-temperature and high-humidity use and storage, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, sebacic acid diamine and the like, when the manufactured capacitor is stored or used in a humid environment, the electrolyte layer on the surface of the negative electrode of the capacitor core absorbs water, the structure of the capacitor core and the stacked body is damaged, and the performance of the capacitor is affected, and even the capacitor cannot be used. Specifically, when the capacitor is stored in a damp and hot environment, the cathode polymer electrolyte layer can cause the bonding force between each film layer and each layer of the polymer electrolyte layer to be weakened due to the entering of water vapor, so that the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the capacitor is increased, the electrical performance of the capacitor is influenced, and when the capacitor is mounted and welded, steam can be generated inside the capacitor to damage the structure of the capacitor, so that the ESR of the capacitor is increased. When the capacitor works in a high-temperature high-humidity environment (such as conditions of 40 ℃/95% humidity, 60 ℃/90% humidity, 85 ℃/85% humidity and the like), under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and electrification, the dispersion material can cause the cathode polymer electrolyte layer to precipitate crystals, so that the capacitor core is corroded, the structure of a stacked body is damaged, and the capacitor has potential safety hazards and cannot be used.
In order to solve the above problems and improve the moisture resistance of the capacitor, so that the capacitor can be stored and used in a humid environment, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing the capacitor. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a capacitor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The capacitor manufacturing method may include the following steps.
S110, providing a foil covered with an electrolyte layer on the surface, the electrolyte layer being formed of a dispersion material including a target component, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a capacitor core according to an embodiment of the present application.
The capacitor core includes: the foil is coated on the isolating glue at a preset position on the surface of the foil, the isolating glue divides the foil into a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, and the negative electrode area comprises an electrolyte layer, a graphite layer and a silver paste layer which are coated on the surface of the negative electrode layer by layer.
In one embodiment, preparing a foil covered with an electrolyte layer on a surface thereof comprises: obtaining a foil piece which is cut in advance and has a certain length and width; coating an isolating adhesive on a preset area of a foil to divide the foil into two areas, wherein the two areas are a preset positive electrode area and a preset negative electrode area respectively; an electrolyte layer is generated on the surface of a predetermined negative electrode based on a polymerization method and a dispersion material.
In this embodiment, the foil material may be aluminum, and during the manufacturing process, the aluminum foil may be cut into foils with certain widths and lengths according to the required capacitance of the capacitor. The surface of the aluminum foil is provided with an oxide film, and the oxide film can separate aluminum wrapping the inside of the oxide film from an electrolyte layer covering the surface of the cathode area of the oxide film, so that the aluminum and the electrolyte layer form a capacitor. Since the oxide film may be damaged during the cutting process, in some embodiments, after the foil is cut, the oxide film of the foil may be repaired using a chemical solution such as ammonium adipate, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, adipic acid, citric acid, boric acid, or the like.
In this embodiment, the foil is divided into the positive electrode region and the negative electrode region through the isolation glue and the preset position, wherein the area size of the positive electrode region and the area size of the negative electrode region can be determined according to the requirement on capacitance, so that the isolation glue is coated at the position between the determined positive electrode region and the determined negative electrode region, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are distinguished.
In this example, the dispersion material at least includes one or more of a compound solution of [ (dihydrothienodioxacycloalkenyl) alkoxy ] alkanesulfonic acid, a vinylbenzenesulfonic acid homopolymer and a 2, 3-dihydrothieno [3,4-b ] -1, 4-dioxin homopolymer, a p-toluenesulfonic acid hydrate, a decamethylenediamine solution, glycerin, and the like, and the electrolyte layer may be formed by directly impregnating the dispersion material, or by forming the electrolyte layer by chemical polymerization and then impregnating the dispersion material, thereby producing a foil having a surface covered with the electrolyte layer. It is understood that the above-mentioned processes for preparing the foil covered with the electrolyte layer can refer to the prior art, and are not described herein in detail.
And S120, cleaning the electrolyte layer to remove the target component.
In one embodiment, the electrolyte layer is immersed in the cleaning solution and cleaned in stages.
In this embodiment, after the foil including the electrolyte layer is obtained, the electrolyte layer is washed to remove the target component in the electrolyte layer. Specifically, the electrolyte layer is immersed in the cleaning liquid, and the target component in the electrolyte layer is dissolved in the cleaning liquid, thereby achieving the removal of the target component. The target component is a component affected by a humid environment, and the component affected by the humid environment can comprise a water absorption component, a component for influencing the storage and use of the manufactured capacitor in the humid environment, and the like. Specifically, the water absorbing component may be glycerin, etc., and the components affecting the storage of the capacitor under a humid environment include sebacic diamine, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc. By cleaning the electrolyte layer, the target component can be effectively removed, the moisture resistance of the manufactured capacitor is improved, and the range of environmental requirements during use and storage of the laminated aluminum capacitor is widened.
In this embodiment, the electrolyte layer is immersed in the cleaning solution for cleaning several times in stages, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer is dissolved in the cleaning solution as completely as possible, thereby reducing the influence of the target component on the performance of the capacitor.
In one embodiment, a part of the electrolyte layer is immersed in the cleaning solution for first cleaning; and immersing all the electrolyte layers in the cleaning liquid for secondary cleaning.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a staged cleaning of an electrolyte layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In fig. 2, the negative electrode is below the isolation rubber line, and the positive electrode is above the isolation rubber line.
In this embodiment, since the target component in the electrolyte layer is dissolved in water and then a void, that is, a bubble, is left in the electrolyte layer, and the target component is dissolved in water too soon and a large bubble appears, the large bubble can seriously affect the bonding capability between the electrolyte layer and the foil material, and under the environment of high temperature, high humidity and the like, the bubble can separate the electrolyte layer from the foil, so that the performance of the capacitor manufactured by the foil is also affected, specifically, the electrical connection capability inside the capacitor is weakened, and the ESR of the capacitor is increased. Therefore, in the first stage, the electrolyte layer is partially immersed in the cleaning liquid to be cleaned, and large bubbles generated at a high speed of the target component after being dissolved in water can be avoided. And in the second stage, the electrolyte layer is completely immersed to clean the residual electrolyte layer, so that the whole electrolyte layer is cleaned.
Specifically, in fig. 2, the first cleaning immerses the electrolyte layer below the cleaning scale line in the cleaning solution, and the second cleaning immerses the negative electrode part below the separator line in the cleaning solution completely to clean the entire electrolyte layer on the surface of the negative electrode. Illustratively, when the cleaning is performed in two stages, the first stage is to immerse half of the electrolyte layer in the cleaning liquid for cleaning, and the second stage is to immerse the entire electrolyte layer in the cleaning liquid for cleaning.
It is understood that the number of stages into which the stepwise cleaning is divided, and the amount of cleaning of the electrolyte layer per stage may be appropriately selected in consideration of various aspects such as the water solubility of the electrolyte layer material, the thickness of the electrolyte layer, the ratio of the target component in the electrolyte layer, the cleaning time, and the like.
In one embodiment, the cleaning solution is deionized water.
In this embodiment, deionized water can dissolve the target component in the dispersion material therein, and thus deionized water can be used to remove the target component in the electrolyte layer. Because the surface of the foil is provided with an oxide film layer for protection, the foil cannot react with the deionized water, and therefore, the foil is not influenced by the deionized water.
In the embodiment, the cost of the deionized water is lower, and the manufacturing cost of the capacitor can be effectively reduced. The use of deionized water is also more environmentally friendly due to environmental concerns.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the deionized water is in the range of 40-60 deg.C.
In this example, the target component in the dispersion material is more soluble in water at a temperature of 40 to 60 ℃. Therefore, the temperature range of the deionized water is controlled within 40-60 ℃, the speed of dissolving the target component in the electrolyte layer in water and the complete degree of dissolving the target component in the electrolyte layer in water can be effectively improved, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer is reduced as much as possible, the influence of the target component on the performance of the capacitor is avoided, and the moisture resistance of the capacitor is improved.
In one embodiment, the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer with deionized water ranges from 0.5 to 2 hours.
In this embodiment, in order to dissolve the target component in the electrolyte layer in the cleaning solution as much as possible, the electrolyte layer needs to be immersed in deionized water for cleaning for a certain period of time. However, as the target component is dissolved in water, the efficiency of dissolving the target component in water in the electrolyte layer becomes low, and the washing time is too long, which lengthens the time taken for the entire process of manufacturing the capacitor, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of manufacturing the capacitor, and therefore, the washing time is not necessarily too long. Specifically, the total time for cleaning is controlled to be 0.5-2 hours, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer can be dissolved in water as much as possible, the target component left in the electrolyte layer cannot influence the use of the manufactured capacitor, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the cleaning time process causes the prolonging of the preparation period of the capacitor and the influence on the preparation efficiency of the capacitor can be avoided.
In one embodiment, the cleaning solution is an alcohol solvent, and the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer ranges from 0.5 to 1 hour.
In this embodiment, the alcohol solvent may be a solvent capable of dissolving the target component therein, for example, ethanol, methanol, or the like. Among them, the alcohol solvent is preferably a high-purity solvent, for example, absolute ethyl alcohol, and can dissolve the target component in the electrolyte layer more completely.
In this embodiment, the alcohol solvent has a faster and more complete dissolution rate for the target component in the electrolyte layer than the deionized water, and thus the total time for using the alcohol solvent is shorter than the total time for cleaning with deionized water. Specifically, the total time range for cleaning the alcohol solvent electrolyte layer is between 0.5 and 1 hour, and in the time range, the target component can be ensured to be dissolved to the maximum extent, so that the target component in the electrolyte layer is reduced as much as possible, the influence of the target component on the performance of the capacitor is avoided, and the moisture resistance of the capacitor is improved.
It should be noted that the total time period of the cleaning is related to the degree to which the target component in the electrolyte layer is completely dissolved, and therefore, in the case of the stepwise cleaning, the ratio of the time period in the later stage to the total time period is not so short. For example, the time of each stage of the staged cleaning can be the same, or the cleaning time of the last stage is longer than the average cleaning time of each stage, or the cleaning time of the last stage is longer than or equal to the ratio of the unwashed part of the electrolyte layer in the electrolyte layer before the cleaning of the last stage.
And S130, carrying out melting treatment on the cleaned electrolyte layer.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electrolyte layer before and after a melting process according to an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the figure (a) is a structural schematic diagram of an electrolyte layer which is cleaned and not subjected to melting treatment, an oxide film dielectric layer is an oxide film on the surface of a foil, and a dispersion polymerization layer 1-3 is a plurality of layers separated from the cleaned electrolyte layer; (b) the structure of the electrolyte layer after melt processing is schematically shown in the figure, the oxide film medium layer is an oxide film on the surface of a foil, and the dispersion polymerization layer is the electrolyte layer after melt processing.
The electrolyte layer typically comprises a plurality of dispersion polymer layers formed from the dispersion material, which are typically used to cover the electrolyte layer by layer during manufacture. However, in the case of the electrolyte layer, the target component is dissolved in water after being washed, and some bubbles are generated inside the electrolyte layer during the dissolution in water, and therefore, the separation of voids between the dispersion polymer layers constituting the electrolyte layer occurs, thereby affecting the bonding force inside the electrolyte layer, and after the capacitor is formed by using the foil having the electrolyte layer, the ESR increases during use, thereby affecting the performance of the capacitor, and therefore, the electrolyte layer is required to be treated to re-bond the polymer layers.
In one embodiment, the layers within the electrolyte layer are recombined by subjecting the electrolyte layer to a melt process. Specifically, performing the melt processing includes: heating the cleaned electrolyte layer under the conditions of preset temperature, preset humidity and preset air pressure so as to enable the electrolyte layer to be in a molten state; cooling the electrolyte layer in the molten state to restore the electrolyte layer to a solid.
In this embodiment, by performing the melting treatment on the electrolyte layer, it is possible to remove air bubbles, voids, and the like between the dispersion polymer layers of the electrolyte layer, thereby making the dispersion polymer layers in the electrolyte layer tightly bonded to each other. Meanwhile, after the melting treatment, the cleaning liquid and the water vapor remained in the electrolyte layer can be effectively removed, the influence on the performance of the cleaning liquid and the water vapor water device is avoided, and the moisture resistance of the capacitor is improved.
In this embodiment, since the requirement for the electrolyte layer to be in the molten state is high when the humidity of the electrolyte layer is low, and if the required temperature is high, the electrolyte layer cannot be in the molten state, when the electrolyte layer is subjected to melting treatment, the electrolyte layer is placed in an environment with a preset humidity, so that the electrolyte layer is more easily in the molten state, and the condition for making the electrolyte layer be in the molten state and the resource consumption are reduced.
In this embodiment, the preset atmospheric pressure is greater than the standard atmospheric pressure, that is, the electrolyte layer is subjected to melting treatment under a high pressure condition, so that the electrolyte layer is more quickly changed into a molten state after being heated, thereby reducing the time and resource consumption of melting treatment, improving the efficiency of manufacturing the capacitor, and reducing the cost.
In one embodiment, the predetermined temperature is in the range of 80 ℃ to 150 ℃, the predetermined humidity is in the range of 60% to 95%, and the predetermined pressure is in the range of 1.1 to 2 standard atmospheres.
In the embodiment, the temperature range is 80-150 ℃, the humidity range is controlled to be 60-95%, and the air pressure range is controlled to be 1.1-2 standard atmospheric pressures, so that the electrolyte layer is easier to enter a molten state, meanwhile, the heating time for enabling the electrolyte layer to enter the molten state is shortened, and the resource waste is reduced.
And S140, preparing a capacitor core based on the foil with the electrolyte layer subjected to melting treatment.
Please continue to refer to fig. 2 for a structural diagram of the capacitor core.
In one embodiment, a process for preparing a capacitor core includes: and coating a graphite layer and a silver paste layer by layer on the surface of the electrolyte layer subjected to melting treatment to obtain the capacitor core.
In this embodiment, graphite and silver thick liquid all have good electric conductivity and stability, cover graphite layer and silver thick liquid layer can increase monolithic capacitor core's electric conductivity and stress-tolerant performance. It is understood that the specific implementation manner of covering the silver paste layer and the graphite on the electrolyte layer can refer to the prior art, and is not described herein in detail.
And S150, preparing the capacitor based on the capacitor core.
In one embodiment, preparing a capacitor based on a capacitor core comprises: determining the target number of capacitor cores required by the preparation of the target capacitor according to the preset capacitor capacity of the capacitor, the relation between the capacitor capacity and the number of the capacitor cores; stacking a target number of capacitor cores to form a stacked body, wherein cathodes of the capacitors are connected; the stacked body is connected with a lead frame to form a capacitor.
In this embodiment, the capacitance value of the capacitor is related to the performance and the number of the capacitor cores, so that the corresponding number of the capacitor cores can be selected according to the designed capacitance of the capacitor, that is, the target number of the required capacitor cores is determined.
In this example, the cathodes of the capacitors of the target data were stacked to form a stacked body. Because the capacitor cores are possibly misplaced, bent and the like due to external force, the capacitor core negative electrodes cannot be completely contacted, and the performance of the capacitor is influenced.
In this embodiment, after the stacked body is formed, one lead frame may be electrically connected to the negative electrode of each capacitor core in the stacked body, while the other lead frame is electrically connected to the positive electrode of one capacitor core in the stacked body, thereby manufacturing a capacitor. It is understood that the negative electrodes in the stacked body are connected, and the negative electrode of each capacitor element is electrically connected to the negative electrode of any one of the capacitor elements. In some embodiments, the positive electrodes of two capacitor cores in the stack may also be selected to be connected to the lead frame to serve as electrodes of the capacitor, thereby obtaining a non-polar capacitor.
In this embodiment, after the capacitor is formed, the method may further include the steps of packaging the capacitor, repairing an oxide film of the packaged capacitor, testing the capacitor, and the like.
It is understood that the specific implementation of the capacitor core for manufacturing the capacitor can refer to the prior art, and will not be described herein.
In the embodiment of the application, the foil for manufacturing the capacitor core is covered with the electrolyte layer formed by the dispersion material, and as the dispersion material contains target components which are easily affected by a humid environment, such as target components which can comprise water absorption components, impurity components which are not beneficial to storage and use in a high humidity environment, and the like, the target components in the electrolyte layer can be effectively removed by cleaning the electrolyte layer, so that the humidity resistance of the capacitor core and the capacitor manufactured by the foil is improved. Through carrying out melting treatment to the electrolyte layer after washing for the electrolyte layer recombines after becoming molten state, thereby eliminates the influence to electrolyte layer structure behind the target composition dissolves in water to and make the electrical property of the condenser that this foil was made not influenced, and simultaneously, the electrolyte layer after recombining is inseparabler, can reduce steam entering or steam to the influence of device electrical property. Therefore, the manufactured capacitor can improve the moisture resistance on the premise of not reducing the electrical property, and reduce the requirement of the capacitor on the environment during storage and use, thereby widening the use and storage range of the capacitor.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide a capacitor prepared by the above S110 to S150, the capacitor including: a stacked body and a lead frame.
A stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of capacitor cores.
In the present embodiment, each capacitor element includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the surface of the negative electrode is covered with an electrolyte layer made of a dispersion material, the electrolyte layer is subjected to a pretreatment, and after the pretreatment, a target component in the electrolyte layer is removed, and therefore, the electrolyte layer of the capacitor does not include the target component in the dispersion material, that is, does not include a water absorbing component and impurities that affect the use and storage of the capacitor in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment. Specifically, the capacitor core may be a capacitor core manufactured by the above embodiments S110 to S130.
And a lead frame connected to the stacked body.
In this embodiment, the lead frame includes a first lead frame electrically connected to the positive electrode of one capacitor core in the stack, and a second lead frame electrically connected to the negative electrode of each capacitor core in the stack.
In some embodiments, it may also be: the first lead frame is electrically connected to the positive electrode of one capacitor core in the stacked body, and the second lead frame is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the other capacitor core. Thereby, a non-polar capacitor can be formed.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Claims (10)

1. A method of manufacturing a capacitor, comprising:
providing a foil covered on its surface with an electrolyte layer, the electrolyte layer being formed from a dispersion material comprising a target component, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment;
cleaning the electrolyte layer to remove the target component;
carrying out melting treatment on the cleaned electrolyte layer;
preparing a capacitor core based on the foil after the electrolyte layer is subjected to melting treatment;
and manufacturing a capacitor based on the capacitor core.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cleaning the electrolyte layer comprises: and immersing the electrolyte layer in a cleaning solution for cleaning in stages.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said immersing said electrolyte layer in a cleaning solution is staged to clean comprising:
immersing part of the electrolyte layer in the cleaning liquid for first cleaning;
and immersing all the electrolyte layers in the cleaning solution for secondary cleaning.
4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the cleaning fluid is deionized water.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the deionized water is at a temperature in the range of 40-60 ℃.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer ranges between 0.5 and 2 hours.
7. The method of claims 2-3, wherein the cleaning solution is an alcohol solvent and the total time period for cleaning the electrolyte layer is in the range of 0.5-1 hour.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt-processing the washed electrolyte layer comprises: heating the cleaned electrolyte layer under the conditions of preset temperature, preset humidity and preset air pressure so as to enable the electrolyte layer to be in a molten state; cooling the electrolyte layer in the molten state to restore the electrolyte layer to a solid.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the preset temperature is in the range of 80 ℃ to 150 ℃, the preset humidity is in the range of 60% to 95%, and the preset air pressure is in the range of 1.1 to 2 standard atmospheric pressures.
10. A capacitor, comprising:
a stacked body formed by stacking a plurality of capacitor elements each including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the surface of the negative electrode being coated with an electrolyte layer formed of a dispersion material, wherein the electrolyte layer does not include a target component in the dispersion material, the target component being a component affected by a humid environment;
a lead frame electrically connected to the stacked body.
CN202210632811.8A 2022-06-06 2022-06-06 Capacitor and manufacturing method thereof Active CN114899010B (en)

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