CN114895455B - High-stability optical path switching system and switching method thereof - Google Patents
High-stability optical path switching system and switching method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114895455B CN114895455B CN202210472186.5A CN202210472186A CN114895455B CN 114895455 B CN114895455 B CN 114895455B CN 202210472186 A CN202210472186 A CN 202210472186A CN 114895455 B CN114895455 B CN 114895455B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
- G02B26/0883—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements the refracting element being a prism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
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Abstract
A high-stability optical path switching system and a switching method thereof belong to the field of optics, and the high-stability optical path switching system is provided for solving the problem that the prior art scheme can not well solve the requirement of space optical path low-loss high-stability optical path switching. In the system, the light path switching is mainly realized by a high-stability light path switching device, when light rays are injected into one right-angle side of the A pentagonal prism, the light rays are refracted, and the angle is changed by 90 degrees and then the light rays are emitted from the other right-angle side; the light irradiates on the reflecting mirror, after being reflected by the reflecting mirror, the light irradiates on one right-angle side of the B pentagonal prism after changing the angle by 90 degrees, and is emitted from the other right-angle side after being refracted and changing the angle by 90 degrees. Therefore, the final emergent light path of the B pentagonal prism forms 90 degrees with the initial incident light path, and the angle of the incident light is changed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optics, and provides a high-stability light path switching system and a switching method thereof.
Background
In the space optical system, the optical path is required to be switched in many times, the direction of the light is changed to enable the light to be incident into different branches of the optical path, and the optical path can be switched through an electronic switch in the optical fiber optical system. The method has the advantages that the method can also be used for switching in a reflector mode, the reflector is arranged in a space light path, the direction of the light path is changed by changing the angle of the reflector or extracting the inserted light path from the reflector, but at the moment, the reflector is required to generate angle motion or translational motion, the angle error caused by the motion of the reflector has a large influence on the angle of light, the consistency of the light path is reduced during switching, and the method has higher requirements on the precision of the moving structure of the reflector during switching, and has poorer light path switching stability and lower precision. Therefore, how to achieve high-stability optical path switching in a spatial optical system has important meaning and urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-stability light path switching system, wherein a high-stability light path switching device in the system adopts a technical scheme of combining a double pentagonal prism and a reflecting mirror, and can change the direction of a light path.
The application provides a high-stability light path switching system which consists of an incident light path, an A optical branch, a B optical branch and a high-stability light path switching device. The incident light path and the optical branch A are positioned on a horizontal line and perpendicular to the optical branch B, and the high-stability light path switching device in the system has two states of a cut-in light path and a cut-out light path. When the high-stability light path switching device cuts in a light path, the incident light rays are switched to irradiate the B optical branch by 90 degrees along the direction of the incident light path after being irradiated into the switching device; when the high-stability light path switching device cuts out the light path, the incident light does not change and irradiates into the A optical branch along the direction of the incident light path.
Further, the light received by the incident light path is parallel light.
Further, the high-stability light path switching device is composed of an A pentagonal prism, a B pentagonal prism, a translation mechanism and a reflecting mirror, wherein the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are installed on the same translation mechanism and are driven by the translation mechanism to do translation motion, the reflecting mirror is installed between the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism, and the reflecting mirror is not connected with the translation mechanism, the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism.
Further, the high-stability light path switching device performs translational motion through the translational mechanism, so that a cut-in light path and a cut-out light path are realized.
Further, the translation mechanism adopts a sliding table to combine with a stepping motor to realize translation.
Furthermore, the main sections of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism, so that light paths need to be ensured to be shot in and shot out from the right-angle sides of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism each time.
Further, the reflecting mirror is arranged at 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the position relation between the reflecting mirror and the B optical branch is kept unchanged when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts in and cuts out an optical path.
The application also provides an optical path switching method of the high-stability optical path switching system, which comprises the following steps: when the high-stability optical path switching system is used, when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts into an optical path, incident light rays are emitted after being emitted into the A pentagonal prism, the direction of the light paths is changed by 90 degrees and then emitted to the reflecting mirror, the light paths are reflected by the reflecting mirror and then emitted into the B pentagonal prism, the direction of the light paths is changed by 90 degrees again and then emitted from the B pentagonal prism to enter the B optical branch, and therefore the method realizes that the direction of the light rays is changed by 90 degrees when the incident light rays are emitted from the switching device.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the optical axis switching device adopts a mode of combining the double pentagonal prisms and the translation device, and the optical axis switching device can offset the influence of the precision of the switching device on the optical axis direction while realizing optical path switching, thereby ensuring the optical axis switching stability, reducing the precision requirement of the switching device, and the device is all a space optical path and has the advantages of high optical efficiency, reduced attenuation, simple structure, no electrical component and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high stability optical path switching system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-stability optical path switching device.
Detailed Description
The application provides a high-stability optical path switching system and a switching method thereof, wherein a double pentagonal prism and a reflecting mirror are combined in the high-stability optical path switching device in the system, so that the optical path direction can be changed, meanwhile, the position accuracy of the structure has little influence on the optical path direction, the accuracy requirement of a switching mechanism is reduced, the stability of an optical axis during optical path switching is ensured, and meanwhile, the method is a space optical path and has small optical path loss.
Firstly, a specific description is made of how the device reduces the precision requirement of the switching mechanism so as to realize high-stability optical path switching.
According to the property of the pentagonal prism, when the pentagonal prism rotates around a rotating shaft perpendicular to the main section, the light propagation angle is not influenced, the included angle between emergent light of the pentagonal prism and incident light is unchanged by 90 degrees, and when the pentagonal prism rotates around other two shafts, deviation is produced on emergent light, and the emergent light angle of the pentagonal prism is influenced.
According to the conclusion in the document 'change of the emergent light angle when the pentagonal prism rotates', when the pentagonal prism rotates around the rotation axis of the non-perpendicular main section, the emergent light of the pentagonal prism generates deviation, the deviation angle of the emergent light is equal to the deviation angle of the pentagonal prism, and the two non-perpendicular main section errors of the pentagonal prism generate equal-angle superposition in the fixed direction of the emergent light. Therefore, when the translation mechanism is switched, the a pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism generate angular rotations in three directions due to the influence of structural accuracy.
When the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism do not rotate, the directions of all light rays are ideal axes, rotation around a rotation axis perpendicular to a main section is ignored, the other two angles of the pentagonal prism rotate to cause the angle of the emergent light rays of the A pentagonal prism to deviate from the ideal axes, and the deviation value is equal to the sum of the rotation angles of the two directions of the A pentagonal prism and is theta. After the emergent light of the A pentagonal prism is reflected by the reflecting mirror, the reflecting mirror is fixed, and according to the reflecting principle, the incident light of the B pentagonal prism is deviated from an ideal incident axis as well, and the deviation angle is-theta. When the B pentagonal prism does not rotate, the angle of the emergent light of the B pentagonal prism deviates from the ideal axis by-theta, and because the B pentagonal prism and the A pentagonal prism are fixedly arranged on the same translation mechanism, the B pentagonal prism can generate the same angle deflection as the A pentagonal prism, so that the emergent light can generate the deflection with the angle theta, the deflection counteracts the angle deflection of the incident light of the B pentagonal prism, the emergent light of the B pentagonal prism coincides with the ideal optical axis, and the angle of the emergent light of the switching device is not influenced by the rotation generated by the reset precision when the translation mechanism of the switching device moves, so that the optical axis switching stability is higher.
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching system is composed of an incident optical path, an a optical branch, a B optical branch, and a high-stability optical path switching device. The optical branch A and the optical branch B are arranged at 90 degrees, and the incident light path and the optical branch A are on the same horizontal line. The high-stability optical path switching device is provided with two states of an optical cut-in optical path and an optical cut-out optical path; when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts into the optical path, the position is shown as a second position in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching device is positioned on the extension line of the B optical branch and between the a optical branch and the incident optical path, and when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts out the optical path, the position is shown as a first position in fig. 1, the high-stability optical path switching device is positioned on the extension line of the B optical branch and above the a optical branch and the incident optical path. When the high-stability light path switching device cuts in a light path, the incident light rays are switched to irradiate the B optical branch by 90 degrees along the direction of the incident light path after being irradiated into the switching device; when the high-stability light path switching device cuts out the light path, the incident light does not change and irradiates into the A optical branch along the direction of the incident light path.
Embodiment 2 as shown in fig. 2, the high-stability optical path switching device is composed of an a pentagonal prism 2, a B pentagonal prism 4, a translation mechanism 3 and a reflecting mirror 5, wherein the a pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 are installed on the same translation mechanism 3, and are driven by the translation mechanism 3 to do translation motion, and the translation mechanism 3 adopts a sliding table combined with a stepping motor to achieve translation. The main sections of the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism 3, so that light paths need to be ensured to be shot in and shot out from the right-angle sides of the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4 each time. The reflecting mirror 5 is arranged between the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4, is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, and the position relation between the reflecting mirror 5 and the B optical branch in fig. 1 is kept unchanged when the switching device cuts in the optical path and cuts out the optical path, and the reflecting mirror 5 is not connected with the translation mechanism 3, the A pentagonal prism 2 and the B pentagonal prism 4.
Embodiment 3 is an optical path switching method of the high-stability optical path switching system in embodiment 1, and the optical path switching is performed by the high-stability optical path switching device in embodiment 2, specifically: when light rays are incident into one right-angle side of the A pentagonal prism 2, the light rays are reflected, and are emitted from the other right-angle side after the angle is changed by 90 degrees; the light irradiates onto the reflecting mirror 5, after being reflected by the reflecting mirror 5, the light irradiates into one right-angle side of the B pentagonal prism 4 after changing the angle by 90 degrees, and after being reflected, the light is emitted from the other right-angle side after changing the angle by 90 degrees. Thus, the final exit path of the B pentagonal prism 4 is 90 ° from the initial entrance path, effecting a change in the angle of the incident light, the propagation path of the light being shown as path 1 in fig. 2.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the application, and such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (4)
1. A high stability optical path switching system, characterized by: the device consists of an incident light path, an A optical branch, a B optical branch and a high-stability light path switching device; the incident light path and the optical branch A are positioned on a horizontal line and are perpendicular to the optical branch B; the high-stability light path switching device in the system is provided with a cut-in light path state and a cut-out light path state; when the high-stability light path switching device cuts in a light path, the incident light rays are switched to irradiate the B optical branch by 90 degrees along the direction of the incident light path after being irradiated into the switching device; when the high-stability light path switching device cuts out a light path, incident light rays are not changed to irradiate into the A optical branch along the direction of the incident light path; the light received by the incident light path is parallel light;
the high-stability light path switching device consists of an A pentagonal prism, a B pentagonal prism, a translation mechanism and a reflecting mirror, wherein the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are arranged on the same translation mechanism and are driven by the translation mechanism to do translation motion, and the reflecting mirror is arranged between the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism and is not connected with the translation mechanism, the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism;
the main sections of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism are on the same plane and are respectively fixed at two ends of the translation mechanism, so that light paths need to be ensured to be shot in and shot out from the right-angle sides of the A pentagonal prism and the B pentagonal prism each time;
the reflecting mirror is arranged at 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the position relation between the reflecting mirror and the B optical branch is kept unchanged when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts in and cuts out an optical path.
2. The high stability optical path switching system of claim 1, wherein: the high-stability light path switching device performs translational motion through the translational mechanism, so that a cut-in light path and a cut-out light path are realized.
3. The high stability optical path switching system of claim 1, wherein: the translation mechanism adopts a sliding table to combine with a stepping motor to realize translation.
4. A light path switching method of the high stability light path switching system according to claim 1, wherein: when the high-stability optical path switching device cuts into an optical path, incident light rays are emitted after entering the A pentagonal prism, the optical path direction is changed by 90 degrees and then emitted to the reflecting mirror, the incident light rays are reflected by the reflecting mirror, the optical path direction is changed by 90 degrees and then emitted into the B pentagonal prism, and the optical path direction is again changed by 90 degrees and then emitted from the B pentagonal prism and enters the B optical branch, so that the light path direction is changed by 90 degrees when the incident light rays are emitted from the switching device.
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